CN101056065A - Cross frequency conversion device controlled by impulse block chopped wave - Google Patents
Cross frequency conversion device controlled by impulse block chopped wave Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention discloses a pulse blocking type A-A frequency converter controlled by a chopper. Said A-A frequency converter performs a chopper voltage adjusting to a bilateral AC switch by high-efficiency successive pulse sequence control signals that are generated by a microprocessor and are blocked by the power network frequency signals periodically; at the same time, the high-efficiency successive pulse sequence control signals blocked periodically are restricted by the expected working frequency signals, and the power transmission process is controlled to make the number of the positive and negative network frequency voltage wave heads transmitted to the load reflect the fundamental wave in a equivalent mode, thus, the aim of adjusting the frequency of the band lower than the power network frequency, and the lower the frequency is, the smaller the sine distortion factor is. The power factor to the power network from the A-A frequency converter is superior to that of the traditional thyristor working frequency phase-shifting control obviously and the number of the required power appliances is small. The device in the present invention is suitable for the displacing of the family electric products having energy saving functions, for the transforming of the power transforming mode of the motor starter widely used in the industry, and for the improvement of the performance of the super low speed servomechanism.
Description
Technical field:
The invention belongs to electric and electronic technical field, be specifically related to a kind of AC/AC (alternating current) variable-frequency device of pulse blocking formula copped wave control.
Background technology:
Existing a kind of following interchange change interchange Direct Conversion device (AC/AC (alternating current) variable-frequency device) of mains frequency that is operated in, compare with the ac-dc-ac inverter technology, need not intermediate dc filtering link, easily realize the two-way flow of electric energy and the four quadrant running of system, therefore in the low frequency governing system of big-and-middle capacity, widely use.Its Waveform Control mechanism still adopts thyristor power frequency phase shift technology, has caused the long-term co-existence of negative effects such as power factor of electric network is low and production demand but because in decades.In order to reduce line loss and to realize the green high quality power supply, people have to adopt all kinds of and the compensation arrangement close capacity of work system goes to offset this type of negative effect.
The present invention produces for alleviation the problems referred to above just.
Summary of the invention:
Purpose of the present invention is exactly the AC/AC (alternating current) variable-frequency device that a kind of High Power Factor, the copped wave of pulse blocking formula cheaply control will be provided, and alleviates the problem that conventional art exists, and keeps its effective efficiency and advantage.
The AC/AC (alternating current) variable-frequency device of pulse blocking formula copped wave control provided by the present invention, its elementary cell is by bidirectional power transfer unit 1, afterflow unit 2 is formed with control unit 3, it is characterized in that: produce by the high frequency continuous impulse sequence of mains frequency Fi signal period property obstruction (the variable pulse width pulse train of pulsewidth such as high frequency or Sine distribution) by control unit 3, and after device expectation operating frequency Fo modulation, remove the two-way exchange switch in the control unit 1, make energy flow to load unit 4 from electrical network, or from load flow to electrical network, allow and arrive load through N of the switching frequency copped wave frequently positive half cycle waveform of net, the negative half period waveform gets clogged, next allow again through N of switching frequency copped wave net frequently the negative half period waveform arrive load, positive half cycle waveform gets clogged, and constitutes corresponding net following operating frequency section frequently; When switch was in off-state, afterflow unit 2 provided the release path for electric energy; But compound filter device in this unit in case of necessity.
Wherein, unit 1 adopts traditional " chopper control device " circuit or its combinational circuit: the two-way exchange switch by active power switching device (for example IGBT, MOSFET etc.) combination constitutes, and the envelope of each wave head of load waveform still coincide with the electrical network waveform, therefore has High Power Factor.Control unit 3 is made up of microprocessor CPLD, single-chip microcomputer or DSP, produces the pulse train of two kinds of particular laws of variable pulse width pulse of pulsewidths such as aforementioned high frequency or Sine distribution.
As long as change control impuls " duty ratio ", with regard to energy modifier output voltage amplitude; As long as change the internal control signal of expectation operating frequency Fo; With regard to the positive and negative wave head number of net frequency of energy modifier output voltage, promptly change the fundamental frequency of output voltage.This pulse train comprises the acting in conjunction of electrical network incoming frequency Fi, switching frequency Fs and three kinds of frequency signals of device output voltage frequency Fo, realizes the regularity of microprocessor gate out switch frequency pulse is blocked and modulation by software; The area equivalent criterion is depended in the setting of its parameter, that is: frequently just (bear) the potential pulse effective area summation that covers the half cycle wave head under equal with the area of corresponding Fo frequency fundamental voltage half cycle waveform covering for the N of output voltage net, its amplitude is proportional to switching pulse " duty ratio ", and its physical significance indicates that the power of the two transmission equates.
The fundamental voltage output of voltage frequency satisfies following relation:
Fo=Fi/M (M is a divide ratio)
During M=2N-1 (N is a positive integer), be frequency division by odd integers
During M=2N (N is a positive integer), be even frequency division.
Square-wave signal with mains frequency Fi is to the periodic blockage of pulse signal with switching frequency Fs; Making the switching frequency pulse train of microprocessor outlet continuous in the time zone of corresponding each net frequency half cycle waveform, is zero in the half cycle time zone of no waveform.After isolation drive, send to the gate pole of two-way exchange switch in the unit 1 etc. the switching frequency pulse train of pulse width control or Sine distribution variable pulse width control, can both realize the variable-frequency variable-voltage Power Conversion.Latter's device obtains the sinusoidal envelope output voltage after switching frequency is by filtering; But called after SPWM AC/AC (alternating current) variable-frequency device.
In the aforementioned techniques scheme, to the obstruction of control impuls sequence and even corresponding frequently 180 ° of netting in time zone of clearance, variable pulse width control only can obtain envelope and be sinusoidal discontinuous net frequency wave head high frequency chopping voltage.Desire to make it continuously, outside High frequency filter, also need set up net filtering frequently link.For both realize netting the voltage waveform of voltage wave head array output frequently continuously, and supply power voltage is reused, can adopt the mode of three relative phase loads power supplies.
The AC/AC (alternating current) variable-frequency device that two kinds of copped wave control laws of pulsewidth such as high frequency or variable pulse width control realize is the same with the AC/AC (alternating current) variable-frequency device of power frequency phase controlled thyristors, can only realize that 25Hz is with down-conversion, and frequency is low more, THD is more little, but all than the AC/AC (alternating current) variable-frequency rating of set factor height of power frequency phase controlled thyristors, and three phase time power demand devices are few forming, and mean the reduction with the capacity cost.A collection of single-phase non-speed governing household electrical appliances series and three-phase thyristor starter series can have benefited from technical support of the present invention (adopt 25Hz with down-conversion, 25Hz adjusts strategy to the compound economize on electricity of 50Hz transformation) in the update process of economize on electricity, environment-friendly type of marching toward.
Etc. the pulse width control means are mature technologies, have been widely used in ripe " handing over the chopper control device " since eighties of last century the seventies; The variable pulse width control device also is a mature technology, has been widely used in ripe " handing over orthogonal PWM frequency converter " since eighties of last century the seventies.Pulse width control and variable pulse width such as only working as controls these two kinds of means and is aided with net frequently and the acting in conjunction of service frequency signal, and with traditional " handing over the chopper control device " when circuit organically combines, just create the present invention's " AC/AC (alternating current) variable-frequency device that the copped wave of pulse blocking formula is controlled ".
The AC/AC (alternating current) variable-frequency device of pulse blocking formula copped wave control provided by the present invention obviously is better than traditional thyristor power frequency phase shifting control AC/AC (alternating current) variable-frequency device to the power factor of electrical network, and needs power device less.
Description of drawings:
Fig. 1 is a structure of the present invention and under two kinds of control laws, the device output voltage schematic diagram of realizing with the frequency division by odd integers rule.
Fig. 2 is that the present invention satisfies the even frequency division rule, adopts when becoming arteries and veins Wide control chart 3 or Fig. 4 circuit output voltage waveforms and the block type control impuls sequence corresponding with positive and negative wave head.
Fig. 3 is a kind of combinational circuit that the present invention is used for passive afterflow formula single phase system.
Fig. 4 is the another kind of combinational circuit that the present invention is used for passive afterflow formula single phase system.
Fig. 5 satisfies the frequency division by odd integers rule, waits the output voltage waveforms oscilloscope photograph experimental result of arteries and veins Wide control chart 3 or Fig. 4 circuit.
Fig. 6 satisfies the frequency division by odd integers rule, becomes the output voltage waveforms oscilloscope photograph experimental result of arteries and veins Wide control chart 3 or Fig. 4 circuit.
Fig. 7 is that the present invention is used for passive afterflow formula 3 a kind of combinational circuit of 4 line system systems mutually.
Fig. 8 is that the present invention is used for passive afterflow formula 3 a kind of combinational circuit of 3 line system systems mutually.
Fig. 9 is that the present invention is used for the active afterflow formula 3 another kind of combinational circuit of 3 line system systems mutually.
Figure 10 is that the present invention expands and is the single-phase three active device circuit of the copped wave output voltage of continuous wave head.
Figure 11 is the expection output voltage waveforms of Figure 10 circuit.
Figure 12 is that the present invention expands 3 phases, 4 line systems, the nine active device combinational circuits into continuous wave head.
Embodiment:
Among Fig. 1, control unit 3 removes the two-way exchange switch in the control unit 1 by the pulse train of microprocessor (CPLD, single-chip microcomputer or DSP) generation particular law, and obtaining fundamental frequency in load is the output voltage waveforms of N the positive negative reticulum frequency wave head of Fo.This figure reflects the different output voltage waveforms that two kinds of special control laws produce, and all satisfies the area equivalent criterion.Wherein, all voltage pulse width that N net just (born) under the half cycle wave head etc. the pulse width control rule frequently equate that promptly, " duty ratio " equates.The variable pulse width control law makes N net of output voltage just (bear) the sinusoidal rule distribution of the amplitude of half cycle wave head by the operating frequency first-harmonic frequently: the 1st wave head equates with N wave head amplitude, and minimum; The 2nd wave head equate with N-1 wave head amplitude, and inferior little ...This " duty ratio " that requires the pulse train of N wave head of control is that arteries and veins Wide also distributes by the sinusoidal rule of operating frequency first-harmonic: forms the 1st wave head of control and equates with the pulse " duty ratio " and the arteries and veins Wide of N wave head, and minimum; Control the 2nd wave head and equate with the pulse " duty ratio " and the arteries and veins Wide of N-1 wave head, and inferior little ...Obtaining envelope thus is the output voltage wave head sequence of operating frequency sine wave.
Two kinds of rules are each has something to recommend him: the former control is more easy, and because of the switch pulsewidth equates, sets filtering parameter easily, but waveform is not as the latter; Latter's waveform is good, but because of being variable pulse width control, and is narrow in the pulse of crossing null range, makes on off state not good enough, the filtering parameter setting of can only trading off.
Fig. 1 also illustrates: the time zone of corresponding wave head, 5kHz control impuls sequence Vg makes phase place obey the situation of corresponding wave head by 50Hz net frequency square-wave signal periodic blockage with by the restriction of 5.56Hz (wave head is counted N=5) operating frequency square-wave signal.Wherein, at the wave head continuous (Vg pulse train continuous) of net in complete cycle frequently at operating frequency waveform pass zero point place, the impulse waveform black part divides expression Vg not get clogged.
Among Fig. 2, the circuit structure of corresponding diagram 1 provides the device output waveform when variable pulse width is controlled under the even frequency division rule; Even frequency division rule description to M=2N is conformed to the principle of simplicity.Only point out the difference of the frequency division by odd integers rule of itself and M=2N-1: the wave head of net in complete cycle frequently at operating frequency waveform pass zero point place gets clogged, the dead band (Vg gets clogged) of two wave head bottom width spans occurs being equivalent to, the impulse waveform black part divides expression Vg not get clogged.
Among Fig. 3, the two-way exchange switch in the unit 1 is made up of an active switch power device T (MOSFET or IGBT etc.) and four fast diode D1, D2, D3 and D4; Capacitor C promptly is unit 2, finishes the afterflow filter function of holding concurrently; Inductance L rises opens the buffering metering function, and small resistor Rs and diode Ds are the afterflow paths of L when T turn-offs.Under the pulse train Vg that sends in unit 3 controlled, pulse current flowed to load from electrical network through D1, T, L, D4; Or flow to electrical network through D2, T, L, D3 from load.
Among Fig. 4, the two-way exchange switch in the unit 1 is made up of two active switch power device T1, T2 (MOSFET or IGBT etc.) and two individual interior inverse parallel diode D1, D2, when capacitor C m turn-offs at T1, T2, is the afterflow path of L.Other same Fig. 3.Under the pulse train Vg that sends in unit 3 controlled, pulse current flowed to load from electrical network through T1, D2, L; Or flow to electrical network through L, T2, D1 from load.Because it is D1, D2 are diode in the power device body, suitable with four fast diode D1, the D2, D3 and the D4 effect that connect in addition among Fig. 3.And the fast diode price is far above general-purpose diode, so Fig. 3, Fig. 4 circuit cost are suitable.
Fig. 5 is the output voltage waveforms oscilloscope photograph experimental result that waits arteries and veins Wide control chart 3 or Fig. 4 circuit: shown the output voltage waveforms of this device when equivalent fundamental frequency is 5.56Hz (5 wave head).The wherein switching frequency of 5kHz filtered unit 2 filterings under each wave head.
Fig. 6 is the output voltage waveforms oscilloscope photograph experimental result that becomes arteries and veins Wide control chart 3 or Fig. 4 circuit: shown that this device has the waveform of sinusoidal envelope at the output voltage of equivalent fundamental frequency during into 1.52Hz (17 wave head).The high frequency of 5kHz is by unit 2 filterings under each wave head, and because during ultralow frequency, filter induction reactance reduces, capacitive reactance increases, and low-pass effect is increased, thereby shows that the wave head waveform in the load becomes fat, even the bottom links to each other.
Among Fig. 7, the three-phase two-way exchange switch in the unit 1, every phase all is made up of an active switch power device (MOSFET or IGBT etc.) and four fast diodes as among Fig. 3, forms the three-phase four-wire system of phase voltage power supply.Be respectively A phase: T1 and D11, D12, D13, D14 combination; B phase: T2 makes up C mutually with D21, D22, D23, D24: T3 and D31, D32, D33, D34 combination.Its every phase operation principle all with the unit 1 of Fig. 3 in the two-way exchange Switch seemingly.The three-phase obstructive type pulse train that unit 3 produces by 120 ° of electrical degree settings of operating frequency sine wave phase mutual deviation, just can be realized by piece of CPLD or single-chip microcomputer or dsp chip; Be isolated from each other then.Unit 2 forms by L1, Cf1 and Cr1 that pi network is finished afterflow, filtering and to the switching buffering of switch.Unit 4 is connected into the Y type by three phase symmetry load.
The three-phase three-wire system system of Fig. 8 anchor line (string) power voltage supply.Wherein, unit 4 is three-phase Y type load (also can be the Δ type).By two active switch power device T1, T2 being connected on a, b two-phase respectively (containing inverse parallel diode D1, D2 in the body) and L1, L2, load Ra, Rb anti-series, form loop by grid line voltage Vab power supply.Under a that sends in unit 3, the control of b two-phase pulse sequence, pulse current flows back to electrical network from electrical network through T1, L1, Ra, Rb, L2, D2; Or flow back to electrical network through T2, L2, Rb, Ra, L1, D1 from electrical network.Pi network L1-Cf1-Cr1 and L2-Cf2-Cr2 be in T1, afterflow voluntarily when T2 is in off-state, and have filtering and buffering function concurrently.The situation in Vbc and Vca line power voltage supply loop and Vab current supply circuit roughly the same, narration is omitted.
Fig. 9 is the three-phase three-wire system system of anchor line (string) power voltage supply also.Wherein, unit 2 adopts active device T4 and diode bridge D5-D10 to form two-way afterflow path, replaces the passive pi network among Fig. 7, Fig. 8, but can not filtering.Control impuls sequence level on control impuls sequence level on the T4 pipe gate pole and T1, T2, the T3 pipe gate pole is antilogical.The process of electric current two-way flow and Fig. 8 circuit are similar.
Among Figure 10, adopt the three-phase circuit of Fig. 7, but only a phase load is powered.As adopt variable pulse width control, and just can between two the output voltage wave heads of shape as among Fig. 1, embed the wave head that two amplitudes increase progressively again, produce the continuous output voltage of wave head.
Figure 11 represents the output phase voltage waveform of Figure 10 circuit, the wave head component of this waveform for net frequently phase voltage waveform crest curved section a, b, c be followed successively by connection.
Figure 12 is continuous 3 phases, 4 line systems, the nine active device combinational circuits of wave head that are made of Figure 10 mechanism.Software setting in the unit 3 needs 120 ° of the every phase mutual deviations of corresponding one by one operating frequency.
Zero line in Figure 12 is removed, and after readjusting the obstruction and clearance time zone of control impuls, can also obtain the filtering high frequency ripple, 3 phases, 3 line systems, the nine active device combinational circuits that wave head is continuous.The increase of the filtering link because the passive afterflow in the unit 2 is held concurrently-π shape LC structure meeting restraint device capacity, substitute the afterflow function of all π shape LC structures as the structure that adds the afterflow power device with the active afterflow unit-rectifier bridge among a similar Fig. 9, and control impuls is implemented 240 ° of obstructions and 120 ° of clearances of mains frequency, just can obtain high frequency chopping, 3 phases, 3 line systems, the ten active device combinational circuits that wave head is continuous.Its output line voltage waveform is similar Figure 10, just the wave head component of waveform for net frequently the line voltage waveform crest curved section ab, bc, ca be followed successively by connection.Physical circuit is described and is omitted herein.
The main circuit of transmitted power once was indicated in Fig. 3, Fig. 2 and the utility model patent (CN00221159.9) of the patent of invention (CN200610088111.8) of having applied for respectively among Fig. 7, Fig. 8 and Fig. 9.But, just formed the fundamental difference of frequency converter and voltage regulator because the control impuls sequence is followed different rules.Among the present invention, because of the HF switch continuous impulse sequence of unit 3 is netted signal period property obstruction frequently; Service frequency signal by expectation restricts the positive negative reticulum frequency wave head number that arrives load, makes output voltage frequency and amplitude spare scalable.And the control impuls sequence of patent is continuous in advance, by net frequency periodic blockage, does not also have the restriction of expectation service frequency signal, therefore can only can not change frequency by regulating the output voltage amplitude of " duty ratio " modifier.In fact, two kinds of control laws of unit 3 of the present invention organically combine with any one conventional AC chopper control device circuit respectively, can both generate this type of AC/AC (alternating current) variable-frequency device, have only listed in this specification and have adopted the minimum exemplary embodiments of active power device sum.
Claims (4)
1, the AC/AC (alternating current) variable-frequency device of pulse blocking formula copped wave control, its elementary cell is by bidirectional power transfer unit (1), afterflow unit (2) is formed with control unit (3), it is characterized in that: produce by the variable pulse width pulse train of pulsewidth such as the high frequency of mains frequency Fi signal period property obstruction or Sine distribution by control unit (3), after device expectation operating frequency Fo modulation, remove the two-way exchange switch in the control unit (1), make energy flow to load unit (4) from electrical network, or from load flow to electrical network, allow and arrive load through N of the switching frequency copped wave frequently positive half cycle waveform of net, the negative half period waveform gets clogged, next allow again through N of switching frequency copped wave net frequently the negative half period waveform arrive load, positive half cycle waveform gets clogged, constitute the frequently following adjustable operating frequency section of corresponding net, when switch was in off-state, afterflow unit 2 provided the release path for electric energy.
2, the AC/AC (alternating current) variable-frequency device of a kind of pulse blocking formula copped wave control according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: unit (1) adopts traditional " chopper control device " or its combinational circuit, and the two-way exchange switch that is made up by the active power switching device constitutes; Control unit (3) is made up of microprocessor CPLD, single-chip microcomputer or DSP, produce the particular law pulse train of pulsewidth such as high frequency or variable pulse width control: this pulse train comprises the acting in conjunction of electrical network incoming frequency Fi, switching frequency Fs and three kinds of frequency signals of device output voltage frequency Fo, realizes the regularity of microprocessor gate out switch frequency pulse is blocked and modulation by software; The area equivalent criterion is depended in the setting of its parameter.
3, the AC/AC (alternating current) variable-frequency device of pulse blocking formula copped wave according to claim 1 control is characterized in that: pulsewidth such as claim 1 or 2 described high frequencies or variable pulse width control law impose on the device that Fig. 3, Fig. 4, Fig. 7, Fig. 8, Fig. 9, Figure 10, Figure 12 and non-intrinsically safe distortion circuit thereof are realized.
4, the AC/AC (alternating current) variable-frequency device of pulse blocking formula copped wave control according to claim 1, it is characterized in that pulsewidth such as described high frequency or variable pulse width control law impose on existing conventional AC chopper control device circuit, make it to generate the device that the AC/AC (alternating current) variable-frequency function is realized.
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Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101867301A (en) * | 2010-02-10 | 2010-10-20 | 郁百超 | No-high-frequency-conversion general frequency converter |
| CN102412731A (en) * | 2010-09-25 | 2012-04-11 | 樊远征 | Chopped AC (alternating current) voltage regulator |
| CN102664534A (en) * | 2012-05-09 | 2012-09-12 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | Three-phase alternating current-alternating current (AC-AC) direct frequency converter topology structure and control method thereof |
| WO2013134994A1 (en) * | 2012-03-12 | 2013-09-19 | Han Yalan | Naturally freewheeling alternating current chopper main circuit structure |
| CN103633853A (en) * | 2012-08-25 | 2014-03-12 | 江苏东能电力科技有限公司 | Industrial single-phase alternating current chopped mode voltage reduction and adjustment circuit and method thereof |
| CN104534615A (en) * | 2014-11-28 | 2015-04-22 | 广东美的制冷设备有限公司 | Rotating speed adjusting method and system of motor and air conditioner |
| CN107425734A (en) * | 2017-07-06 | 2017-12-01 | 华东交通大学 | Direct AC AC frequency converters and control method based on magnetic resonance coupling wireless power transmission |
| CN111211698A (en) * | 2020-01-22 | 2020-05-29 | 宁波奥克斯电气股份有限公司 | AC-AC frequency conversion control method and device with continuous output frequency and air conditioner |
-
2007
- 2007-03-12 CN CN 200710020557 patent/CN101056065A/en active Pending
Cited By (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101867301A (en) * | 2010-02-10 | 2010-10-20 | 郁百超 | No-high-frequency-conversion general frequency converter |
| CN101867301B (en) * | 2010-02-10 | 2012-09-05 | 郁百超 | No-high-frequency-conversion general frequency converter |
| CN102412731A (en) * | 2010-09-25 | 2012-04-11 | 樊远征 | Chopped AC (alternating current) voltage regulator |
| WO2013134994A1 (en) * | 2012-03-12 | 2013-09-19 | Han Yalan | Naturally freewheeling alternating current chopper main circuit structure |
| CN102664534A (en) * | 2012-05-09 | 2012-09-12 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | Three-phase alternating current-alternating current (AC-AC) direct frequency converter topology structure and control method thereof |
| CN102664534B (en) * | 2012-05-09 | 2014-06-11 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | Three-phase alternating current-alternating current (AC-AC) direct frequency converter topology structure and control method thereof |
| CN103633853A (en) * | 2012-08-25 | 2014-03-12 | 江苏东能电力科技有限公司 | Industrial single-phase alternating current chopped mode voltage reduction and adjustment circuit and method thereof |
| CN104534615A (en) * | 2014-11-28 | 2015-04-22 | 广东美的制冷设备有限公司 | Rotating speed adjusting method and system of motor and air conditioner |
| CN104534615B (en) * | 2014-11-28 | 2017-06-09 | 广东美的制冷设备有限公司 | Motor speed adjusting method, motor speed regulating system and air-conditioner |
| CN107425734A (en) * | 2017-07-06 | 2017-12-01 | 华东交通大学 | Direct AC AC frequency converters and control method based on magnetic resonance coupling wireless power transmission |
| CN111211698A (en) * | 2020-01-22 | 2020-05-29 | 宁波奥克斯电气股份有限公司 | AC-AC frequency conversion control method and device with continuous output frequency and air conditioner |
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