CN101055991A - 380V system active power filtering device - Google Patents
380V system active power filtering device Download PDFInfo
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- CN101055991A CN101055991A CNA2006100350388A CN200610035038A CN101055991A CN 101055991 A CN101055991 A CN 101055991A CN A2006100350388 A CNA2006100350388 A CN A2006100350388A CN 200610035038 A CN200610035038 A CN 200610035038A CN 101055991 A CN101055991 A CN 101055991A
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Abstract
The invention discloses an active power filter of a 380V system, including an active filter branch 1, a current sensor CT1 connected to the three-phase current of the active filter branch 1, a current sensor CT2 connected to the three-phase current of the load, a voltage sensor PT connected to the three-phase voltage, as well as a digital signal processor 2 connected to the sasid four components; The apparatus also comprises a display and man-machine interaction control equipment communicating with the digital signal processor 2 through the system bus. The fast response characteristic and the high controllability of the invention have guaranteed the real-time of reactive power compensation; the invention raises the dynamic ability of eliminating harmonic, and reduces the adverse effect to the system electrical energy quality produced after the compensating input; and the invention also plays the role of stabilizing the voltage, compensation of the reactive power, and raising the efficiency factor.
Description
Technical field:
The present invention relates to a kind of 380V system active power filtering device, particularly utilize power electronic technology, adopt the power electronic device exploitation and be applied in the active filter that the quality of power supply is controlled in the electric power system.
Background technology:
In the practical application, eliminate the electric power system harmonic wave and mainly take two kinds of filtering methods: Passive LC filter and Active Power Filter-APF filtering.
What application was maximum on the present engineering is the Passive LC filter, and it is simple in structure, small investment, and reliability height, operating cost are also lower.Passive filter (Passive Power Filter is called for short PPF) normally adopts power capacitor, reactor and resistance to combine by functional requirement.Its filtering principle provides a low impedance path in parallel, and filtering characteristic is determined by the impedance ratio of system and filter, so just there is following shortcoming in PPF:
(1) influenced by system parameters and operating condition bigger for filtering characteristic, the design difficulty of getting up.Resonance frequency depends on component parameters, therefore can only carry out filtering to main harmonic wave.The drift of LC parameter will cause filtering characteristic to change, and make the filtering performance instability;
(2) electrical network parameter and LC may produce parallel resonance, thereby this order harmonic components is amplified, and grid supply quality descends;
(3) filtering requirements and reactive power compensation, pressure regulation require to be difficult to coordinate;
(4) passive parameter is easy to drift about after wearing out, thereby does not finally reach the filter effect of expection.
Active Power Filter-APF (Active Power Filter, be called for short APF), promptly utilize controlled power semiconductor to the electric current that electrical network injects with the harmonic source current amplitude equates, phase place is opposite, the total harmonic current that makes power supply is zero, to reach the purpose of real-Time Compensation harmonic current.It is compared with passive filter, and following characteristics are arranged:
(1) can not only compensate each harmonic, also can suppress flickering, compensating reactive power has the characteristics of one-machine-multi-function, and is comparatively reasonable on cost performance;
(2) filtering characteristic is not subjected to the influence of system impedance etc., can eliminate the danger with system impedance generation resonance;
(3) have Control Parameter self-adjusting function, but the harmonic wave that automatic tracking and compensating changes promptly have characteristics such as high controllability and fast-response.
Before this, the domestic research that also has a lot of to active power filter: for example, coupling transformer type Series active power filter, but this Active Power Filter-APF can only compensate just half part of ripple voltage.The parallel connection type active power filter that also has, the inaccessible assigned voltage of its electric pressure, perhaps its current harmonics resultant distortion rate and the national regulation value that is reduced to not yet in effect.
Summary of the invention:
The present invention designs on the basis of the These characteristics that has at active power filter.It is an object with the 380V distribution system mainly.The present invention has following characteristics:
1) can realize real time dynamic tracing according to the needs of load, its dynamic characteristic can need reach synchronous with compensation; Can realize simultaneously the function of raising user power factor and reactive power compensation, for the stable control of the quality of power supply plays a role;
2) co-ordination of utilization two CPU realization systems control and human-computer dialogue/information exchange has improved the speed and the real-time of compensation;
3) study and realized the harmonic compensation control strategy of voltage, electric current formed pair of close-loop feedback control, can guarantee the real-time optimization control of harmonic compensation.
Therefore, to achieve the above object of the invention and solve the defective that above-mentioned filter exists, the voltage sensor PT that the 380V system active power filtering device that the present invention designs includes source filter branch road 1, the current sensor CT1 that is connected with the three-phase current of active power filtering branch road 1, the current sensor CT2 that is connected with the load three-phase current, is connected with three-phase voltage, and the digital signal processor 2 that is connected with above-mentioned four parts.Digital signal processor 2 comprises four modules: control system module, data acquisition module, driver module and warning circuit.The electric current that CT1, CT2 and PT gathered, voltage signal will be sent into the input port 1～7 (being respectively IA, IB, IC, ICA, ICB, ICC, UA) of data acquisition module in the digital signal processor 2.In driver module, the PWM triggering signal of being sent by the control system module is through amplifying the IGBT gate-drive link of sending into active filter branch road 1 after isolating.The built-in protection of IGBT module will be by terminal ALM output alarm signal, and this signal is delivered to the pulse locking pin of ADMC401 in the control system module after warning circuit is isolated conversion, thereby the IGBT module of active filter branch road 1 is quit work.
This device also comprises demonstration and the human-machine conversation control device that carries out communication by system bus and digital signal processor 2; It is the single-chip microcomputer of MCS196/KC that described demonstration and human-machine conversation control device adopt model.
Described current sensor CT2 is the electromagnetic type current sensor; Inverter in this device is connected in parallel in the three-phase system, adopts IGBT inverse parallel diode structure, and this structure can guarantee the stable of direct voltage.Inverter is depressed work at constant dc, thus can be according to the situation of change of system power, and the operating state of flexible inverter realizes the compensating action of harmonic current.
This device has good inhibition effect to the harmonic wave in the distribution system, and can compensate harmonic wave.It is to be main object with the 380V distribution system, and the design object of control capacity is positioned at 50～600kVar, to satisfy most of user's demand.In the selection of control structure and mode, the double closed-loop control system that the present invention has adopted voltage, electric current variable to form, hardware circuit design has then adopted two CPU controlling schemes to realize the requirement of real-time.Therefore it has high dynamic adjustments ability and energy strengthening system dynamic stability, improves power factor, simultaneously also for power department reduces operating cost, the burning voltage amplitude provides strong guarantee.
Compare with filter in the past, the present invention has following advantage: (1) can effectively reduce the influence of the harmonic wave of load generation to the system power quality.Under the condition of three-phase commutation bridge load running, system power harmonic wave resultant distortion rate drops to below 10% from 29%.(2) greatly reduced system's each harmonic containing ratio.(3) from control strategy, it is idle that this device also can reach bucking-out system simultaneously, improves the effect of power factor.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1, circuit basic block diagram
Fig. 2, parallel connection type APF schematic diagram
The overall structure circuit block diagram of Fig. 3, the external gradual change type active power filter of voltage
The hardware principle block diagram of Fig. 4, active filter control system
Fig. 5, warning circuit hardware structure diagram
Embodiment:
(1), the basic functional principle of application of the present invention (active filter) and characteristic (is known technology with lower part and Fig. 1 and Fig. 2)
Figure 1 shows that system's basic structure.Electric power system is delivered to non-linear rectification load with electric energy behind long Distance Transmission line, corresponding equivalent transfer impedance L
1Expression, L is then used in the substitutional connection impedance between from the access point to the load
2Expression.Obviously, load current i
LIn contain abundant harmonic components.Generally speaking, for the high-frequency harmonic that reduces in the circuit pollutes, locate to connect a passive filtration unit PPF at common node PCC (Point of Common Coupling) usually.
Harmonic component in the circuit generally also has a large amount of low-order harmonic components except high order harmonic component, it then is difficult to eliminate with passive device, otherwise it is very huge that the volume of filter just becomes.For this reason, active filter in the parallel connection of common connecting point place makes the electric current in the filter branch road have only harmonic component, and its amplitude is identical with harmonic current in the load, but direction is opposite.Promptly
i
L(t)＝i
1(t)+i
h(t)
i
com(t)＝-i
h(t) (1)
i
s(t)＝i
L(t)+i
com(t)＝i
1(t)
In the formula, i
L(t) be load current, it can be decomposed into fundametal compoment i
1(t) and harmonic wave sum component i
h(t).In the ideal case, the current i in the active power filtering branch road
Com(t) and i
h(t) just in time offset, so just can guarantee the system transmissions current i
s(t) do not contain harmonic component in.
The basic controlling of active filter can be illustrated by Fig. 2.At first, the three-phase current of digitial controller acquisition system according to instantaneous " p-q " theory that is proposed in the seventies in last century by Akagi, is transformed into the α of two-phase, β coordinate system, and then and instruction current i with the three-phase electric weight
α *, i
β *Compare, behind relevant control strategy, export corresponding controlled quentity controlled variable, adopt special modulation technique to export the gate pole of corresponding modulating wave more at last, make it the required harmonic current of output loading to IGBT.When adopting conventional space vector modulation technique, just can be by the required modulation signal of output harmonic wave compensation after the suitable computing.Here should benly be instruction current i
α *, i
β *In fact be the harmonic component part of load current,, then also should comprise corresponding reactive current part in the instruction current if also will eliminate the idle component of load current.Therefore, when carrying out controlling Design, should take all factors into consideration.
(2), the selection of the input of real time control variables and sampling method
The accuracy of sample of signal is directly connected to the effect of compensation and control, and therefore, means that signal obtains and method are the problems that necessary emphasis consideration solves in the device design.The realization of the high accuracy convenient detection method of offset current is the bottleneck that APF uses.
Active filter is according to the three-phase circuit instantaneous reactive power theory, and the high fdrequency component by control instantaneous active power, reactive power realizes the inhibition of system harmonics and compensation to reach filter effect.It has very fast response speed, can both implement dynamic compensation to the harmonic wave and the reactive power that change, and compensation characteristic is subjected to the electric network impedance parameter influence less.
In order when guaranteeing detection signal precision and real-time, to reduce product cost as much as possible, adopted common 6 electromagnetic type current sensors and 1 voltage sensor in the device, active power filtering branch road three-phase current, system A phase voltage and load three-phase current have been detected respectively.
Accompanying drawing 3 is structure chart of the present invention, has comprised the control strategy of direct current intermediate voltage and harmonic wave current double closed-loop control simultaneously.As shown in Figure 3, the voltage sensor PT that the present invention includes active filter branch road 1, the current sensor CT1 that is connected with the three-phase current of active power filtering branch road 1, the current sensor CT2 that is connected with the load three-phase current, is connected, and the digital signal processor 2 that is connected with above-mentioned four parts with three-phase voltage; Described current sensor CT2 is the electromagnetic type current sensor.
The control of active filter is vital, and as closed-loop control, it generally all has voltage, current signals, the obtaining of reference signal, and the functions such as output of trigger impulse.In time domain control method, the technology of normal use has: instantaneous meritorious, idle (p-q) theory, sliding mode technology and synchronization detection method etc.At this moment, reference signal obtains the transient deviation that generally all is based on compensating signal.The basic conception of instantaneous p-q theory is that instantaneous three-phase voltage, current conversion are become two-phase α, and the β coordinate system produces compensating signal with this.Instantaneous active power and reactive power are to calculate by voltage, the current signal of gathering.By using low pass or high pass filter, also can obtain the active power and the reactive power of harmonic wave.For the three-phase three-wire system system, the transfer equation that three-phase changes two-phase into is:
Instantaneous calculating formula meritorious and idle component is:
Instantaneous active power and reactive power can be decomposed into three components after low pass and high-pass filtering:
p＝p
1+p
h
q＝q
1+q
h
In the formula, p
1And q
1Corresponding fundametal compoment, and p
hAnd q
hThen corresponding harmonic component after low pass and high-pass filtering.The harmonic compensation current of output then is:
The main thought of the external gradual change type control strategy of voltage of the present invention " external " is, on the theoretical foundation of traditional active power filtering, increased a Voltage loop at the outer shroud of closed loop controller, and interior ring then is classical electric current loop.Its operation principle is at first to set an initial voltage U
Dset, and start filter, this initial voltage and filter dc voltage U
dDeliver to pi regulator relatively and regulate, and, obtain reflecting a set-point of direct voltage and load current sum the output valve of adjuster and α component (synchronous rotating reference frame) addition of load current.Under stable state, the output of pi regulator is a steady state value basically, and at this moment, the value of this voltage and electric current sum has reflected the variation of load current basically.But this control strategy can be stablized the direct-current working volts of active filter, promptly guarantees the steady operation of system.Process of the test shows, added this voltage control loop after system could steady operation.
Substantially the same as for current inner loop control procedure after the outer voltage with traditional active power filtering control principle, promptly carry out low-pass filtering earlier, obtain fundametal compoment, and the α that will rotate synchronously, the β coordinate system is converted to time dependent three-phase coordinate system again, after comparing, the instantaneous value of it and load current obtains reflecting the harmonic current instantaneous value, the offset current of it and active filter relatively after again negate just can deliver to the gate-drive link of IGBT among the IPM, so far just finished all control procedures.
What is called in the control strategy " gradual change " is meant the set point U of the given voltage of direct current
DsetAt active filter individual progressive formation is arranged from start to the stable operation process.
Design object of the present invention mainly is at the 380V system, can also reduce cost to greatest extent when satisfying the high-efficiency harmonic compensate function, is beneficial to introduce to the market.Hardware circuit have two kinds available, a kind of structure is that this device links to each other with electric power system by transformer; To be this device directly link to each other with electric power system by three inductance that are connected for second kind of structure.The present invention launches at second kind of hardware circuit.The connection inductance that is adopted is to be made by the ordinary silicon steel disc, and its inductance value value is between 2.5-4mH.Accompanying drawing 4 is the hardware principle block diagram of control system of the present invention.
By the relevant analytic process of equation (1)-(3) and front as can be known, finish the control strategy of the external gradual change of voltage, control system at first will be finished variable data collections such as three-phase offset current, threephase load electric current, direct voltage and alternating voltage, and the reliability of these variablees of being gathered is vital for control system.Also to finish output control, changes in coordinates and the control computing of PWM ripple simultaneously, and function such as corresponding man-machine interface.Obviously, guarantee the reliability of control system, except on input channel, considering also must to finish the task of digital filtering the Anti-Jamming Technique.Consider that from the angle of real-time real-time that some control computing requires is very high, and the randomness of man-machine interface part is bigger, and the operation of this part can not influence ongoing control procedure, but also response fast.Therefore, adopt a CPU to realize that many-sided control is very difficult, and the nested setting of interrupting is easy to make program to become chaotic, real-time also can not get guaranteeing.Adopted two CPU to coordinate the control circuit structure in the native system.Because control will be finished digital filtering operation, coordinate transform, PWM output pulse control, the collection of input signal and the functions such as protection of power component with calculating, real-time and arithmetic speed require very high.Native system adopts ADMC401 to be responsible for the work of this part, and it is the DSP single-chip microcomputer of AD company, and the instruction cycle is 38.5ns, 12 A/D converters of 8 passages, and the change-over time of all passages, special-purpose PWM control can be satisfied system requirements less than 2 μ s; Man-machine interface part is less demanding for speed, has adopted MCS196/KC in the system, it mainly finish LCD demonstration, keyboard program, with communication and the management role of main control computer ADMC401.In addition, MCS196/KC also has the A/D input terminal of 8 path 10 positions, also can realize monitoring to other peripheral variable, and finish Long-distance Control.
It is the structure that ADMC401 can realize 16 flexible three-phase PWM waveform generators able to programme that the master control chip is selected the main cause of ADMC401, and its main feature is:
The polarity of the pwm signal that is produced can be carried out programming Control by chip output pin PWMPOL, i.e. the PWM pattern that the ADMC401 chip can be designed to or high level HI is effective or low level LO effectively controls; Produce the switching frequency Dead Time of PWM pattern and minimum pulse width can be respectively register PWNTM, PWNDT and PWMPD by separately carry out programming Control.
The main cause that demonstration and human-machine conversation control are chosen 80C196KC is that this model single-chip microcomputer instruction is abundant, arithmetic speed is faster, powerful serial port is arranged.
The control system module that belongs to digital signal processor 2 with top.The peripheral control circuit that other three modules of digital signal processor 2 are the control system module is respectively: data acquisition module, driver module and warning circuit.The electric current that CT1, CT2 and PT gathered, voltage signal will be sent into the input port 1～7 (being respectively IA, IB, IC, ICA, ICB, ICC, UA) of data acquisition module, and current signal is sent into the A/D passage of control system module after conversion; Voltage signal is used for the zero-crossing pulse that reference signal resets by the trigger generation behind filtering compensation, this pulse will be sent into the control system module by the external interrupt input channel of ADMC401.The control system module is sent the PWM triggering signal and it is sent into the corresponding input port of driver module.In driver module, triggering signal is sent into the IGBT gate-drive link of active filter branch road 1 after amplifying isolation.The built-in protection of IGBT module will be by terminal ALM output alarm signal, and this signal is delivered to the pulse locking pin of ADMC401 in the control system module after warning circuit is isolated conversion, thereby the IGBT module is quit work.
The effect of data acquisition module is the three-phase transient current I that obtains load-side and compensation control side
Al, I
Bl, I
ClAnd I
Ac, I
Bc, I
Cc, be used to provide system's phase voltage of synchronizing signal (as U
A) and DC side intermediate voltage U
dNumerical value, realize switch motion and the synchronous function of system voltage.In order to realize the accurate sampling to the three-phase voltage electric current, to reach idle accurate calculating and to produce correctly control signal timely, the actual signal processing circuits has adopted digital filtering technique.
The design object of driver module circuit is anti-interference and the complete electricity of forceful electric power side and weak-feedback side of transmission line signal is isolated.Two kinds of isolation technologies are arranged usually, promptly use photoisolator photoelectricity insulation blocking or use the pulse transformer insulation blocking.Consider the volume of design cost and device, this driver module adopts the photoelectricity insulation blocking.
The design of warning circuit mainly is to launch at power model IGBT.The model of the IGBT-IPM module that this device is used is 7MBP150RA120.It is the R series IGBT-IPM module that the Japanese fuji motor is produced.This module is compared with series module in the past, has some new features: adopt soft switch technique, have low surge, low noise characteristic meets the EMC requirement easily; VCE (sat) and switching loss are comprehensively improved, and reduce total losses; Reduce the inner member number significantly, improved global reliability; Adopt the overtemperature protection of IGBT tube core, prevent the damage that causes because of the tube core abnormal heating; Packaging height reduces, and when keeping interchangeability, continues to carry out miniaturization work.Its in-built electrical airway dysfunction comprises: 1) built-in three-phase inverting circuit is with IGBT and fast recovery diode, and inner distribution connects.Drawn screw connecting terminal on the module, need not weld; 2) a built-in braking is used to consume the feedback energy when slowing down with IGBT and fast recovery diode, to suppress the promotion of principal voltage between PN.3) the built-in drive circuit of whole IGBT, have soft switch control, single supply drive need not be instead the characteristics that mislead of power supply and preventing partially.4) after the action of the brachium pontis protection instantly beginning, module output is total reports to the police.5) overcurrent of built-in whole IGBT, short circuit, control line under-voltage, tube core is overheated and defencive function such as insulated substrate temperature overheating, when these protection actions, terminal ALM can export an alarm signal.So when the design warning circuit, be to take measures areput according to this alarm signal.
The multiple protective processing has been adopted in the design of warning circuit.First heavily protection be that the alarm signal of main circuit is forbidden pin PWMTRIP through directly inserting the ADMC401 pulse-width modulation PWM behind the photoisolator TLP521, so just realized in ADMC401, forbidding that control signal exports.Second heavily protection be alarm signal after photoelectricity is isolated latch through latch CD4044 and anti-phase after receive on two enable pin of 74HC244.When warning occurs, block the output of 74HC244, thereby blocked control signal.
The reliability that improves control system also will be considered the content of following two aspects:
● the hardware designs aspect: little except considering to take up room in design active filter control system printed circuit board (PCB), connect up attractive in appearance outside, also to consider reliability of operation.The major measure of the raising control system reliability of taking on hardware designs has:
(1) rationally utilizes decoupling capacitor.The leaded multilayer ceramic capacitor of cross-over connection 0.1uF is as decoupling capacitor, to eliminate the suffered noise jamming of power supply in adverse circumstances between the power supply terminal of each piece digital integrated circuit chip and ground.
(2) use of shielding conductor and twisted-pair feeder.Shielding conductor can make holding wire avoid electrostatic interference, and twisted-pair feeder then can suppress electromagnetic induction interference.
(3) circuit board wiring that holds water and cabling.As the high frequency digital circuits cabling should be carefully, short; The address wire of memory, data wire, control line also will be lacked as far as possible; As suitable vertical mutually, oblique of the lead of two panels wiring or crooked cabling; Use via hole, wire jumper, the suitably overstriking or the like of power line and ground wire less as far as possible.
(4) rational Application of isolation technology, one of purpose of Signal Spacing are that interference source and the part easily disturbed are kept apart, and make the contact of its inhibit signal but the contact of electricity does not directly take place.In the time of this Control System Design just the voltage porch at acquisition module added isolating transformer, and in the design of driver module and warning circuit, adopted photoelectric isolation technology.
● software design aspect: adopted software anti-jamming such as digital filtering, input port signal duplicate detection, delivery outlet Refresh Data, software interception technology (instruction redundancy, software trap) and " house dog " technology.
During on-the-spot the operation, model machine is directly linked to each other with electrical network by connecting inductance.Whole electric device, high about 2 meters of fuselage, long 0.6 meter, wide 1 meter.Floor space is little, and is in light weight.
Claims (7)
1, a kind of 380V system active power filtering device, it is characterized in that: the voltage sensor PT that this device includes source filter branch road 1, the current sensor CT1 that is connected with the three-phase current of active power filtering branch road 1, the current sensor CT2 that is connected with the load three-phase current, is connected with three-phase voltage, and the digital signal processor 2 that is connected with above-mentioned four parts.
2; active electric filter device as claimed in claim 1; it is characterized in that: digital signal processor 2 comprises four modules: the control system module; data acquisition module; driver module and warning circuit; CT1; the electric current that CT2 and PT gathered; voltage signal will be sent into the input port 1～7 of data acquisition module in the digital signal processor 2; in driver module; the PWM triggering signal of being sent by the control system module is through amplifying the IGBT gate-drive link of sending into active filter branch road 1 after isolating; the built-in protection of IGBT module will be by terminal ALM output alarm signal; this signal is delivered to the pulse locking pin of ADMC401 in the control system module after warning circuit is isolated conversion, thereby the IGBT module of active filter branch road 1 is quit work.
3, active electric filter device as claimed in claim 1 or 2 is characterized in that: described device also comprises demonstration and the human-machine conversation control device that carries out communication by system bus and digital signal processor 2.
4, active electric filter device as claimed in claim 3 is characterized in that: it is the single-chip microcomputer of 80C196KC that described demonstration and human-machine conversation control device adopt model.
5, active electric filter device as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: described current sensor CT2 is the electromagnetic type current sensor.
6, active electric filter device as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: described device directly links to each other with electric power system by three inductance that are connected, adopt power frequency iron inductance element commonly used, described inductance element is made by the ordinary silicon steel disc, and the value of inductance value is between 2.5-4mH.
7, active electric filter device as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: described digital signal processor 2 has adopted ADMC401.
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| CN101834444A (en) * | 2010-05-10 | 2010-09-15 | 江苏华峰电器控制设备有限公司 | Active filtering reactive power compensation device |
| CN101924365A (en) * | 2010-08-11 | 2010-12-22 | 芜湖明远电力设备制造有限公司 | Dynamic harmonic suppression and reactive power compensation control system and control method thereof |
| CN101950966A (en) * | 2010-08-17 | 2011-01-19 | 南京航空航天大学 | Dual-buck full-bridge parallel-connected active electric filter based on frequency multiplication SPWM (Sinusoidal Pulse Width Modulation) control |
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| CN101834444A (en) * | 2010-05-10 | 2010-09-15 | 江苏华峰电器控制设备有限公司 | Active filtering reactive power compensation device |
| CN101924365A (en) * | 2010-08-11 | 2010-12-22 | 芜湖明远电力设备制造有限公司 | Dynamic harmonic suppression and reactive power compensation control system and control method thereof |
| CN101950966A (en) * | 2010-08-17 | 2011-01-19 | 南京航空航天大学 | Dual-buck full-bridge parallel-connected active electric filter based on frequency multiplication SPWM (Sinusoidal Pulse Width Modulation) control |
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| CN109617076A (en) * | 2018-12-29 | 2019-04-12 | 燕山大学 | For improving the voltage detecting type active filter of power quality at PCC |
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