CN101046386A - Converting method and device for measuring daturm of sun sensor - Google Patents
Converting method and device for measuring daturm of sun sensor Download PDFInfo
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- CN101046386A CN101046386A CNA2007100645020A CN200710064502A CN101046386A CN 101046386 A CN101046386 A CN 101046386A CN A2007100645020 A CNA2007100645020 A CN A2007100645020A CN 200710064502 A CN200710064502 A CN 200710064502A CN 101046386 A CN101046386 A CN 101046386A
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Abstract
The converting method for measuring datum of sun sensor includes calibrating the inside and outer parameters of sun sensor with a sun simulator and a high precision two-axis turntable. A diaphragm receiving screen is set between the sun simulator and the sun sensor, and a CCD image locating and aligning system is used to judge the verticality of the simulating sunlight to the reflecting surface of the cubic mirror, so as to complete the measurement on the vector relation of two reflecting surface normal directions of the cubic mirror and simulating sunlight. By means of the vector relation and the outer parameters of the sun sensor, the converting matrix for conversion from the measuring coordination system of the sun sensor to the coordination system of the cubic mirror is determined. Corresponding conversion is completed. The device for the converting method is also disclosed. The present invention has simple method and high precision.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the sun sensor measuring technique, relate in particular to a kind of sun sensor measuring basis conversion method and device.
Background technology
Sun sensor also obtains the orientation of spacecraft with respect to the sun whereby to solar radiation is responsive, is mainly used to measure angle between sun sight line and a certain axon of spacecraft or the plane.The sun sight line that sun sensor directly measures defines in the sun sensor measurement coordinate system, is measuring basis with the sun sensor measurement coordinate system in other words conj.or perhaps.In order the sun sight line that directly measures to be transformed into the motion carrier coordinate system in actual use, need on the sun sensor casing, to set up an observable measuring basis, promptly at first set a conversion parameter, satisfy the conversion parameter of this setting by processing accurately.Conventional measuring basis conversion method generally is at first to process a high precision minute surface cube, then by strictness accurately physical construction and mounting process the minute surface cube is installed to the reference position that strict accurately position relation is arranged with the sun sensor measurement coordinate system, thereby realize by the minute surface cube being the measuring basis conversion of measuring basis.This method needs this minute surface cube is installed to the reference position that strict accurately position relation is arranged with the sun sensor measurement coordinate system, so not only need the machine work precision, but also need installation accuracy, cause like this that difficulty of processing is big, mounting process is complicated, and because the sun sensor measurement coordinate system is sightless, mechanically be difficult to direct hi-Fix, cause the benchmark conversion accuracy low.
Summary of the invention
In view of this, fundamental purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of sun sensor measuring basis conversion method and device.The sun sight line that this method and device can be fast, directly measure sun sensor accurately, easily is transformed into the may observe measuring basis on the sun sensor casing, lays a good foundation for the sun sight line under the sun sensor measurement coordinate system is transformed into the motion carrier coordinate system.
Technical scheme of the present invention is achieved in that a kind of sun sensor measuring basis conversion method, may further comprise the steps:
On optical table, set up solar simulator and high precision two-axle rotating table, sun sensor is installed on the two-axle rotating table, make solar simulation light pass through the irradiation optical system of sun sensor on the imageing sensor of sun sensor; Rotate two rotating shafts of two-axle rotating table respectively, and write down under each anglec of rotation solar simulation light, calibrate the intrinsic parameter and the outer parameter of sun sensor according to described coordinate at the intersecting point coordinate of imageing sensor imaging surface; According to outer calculation of parameter sunny simulation light initialization vector V and the turntable coordinate rotation matrix R that the is tied to the sun sensor coordinate system (sun ← rot) under the turntable coordinate system;
B, the diaphragm receiving screen is set between solar simulator and sun sensor, chooses Ray Of Light and be radiated on the minute surface cube; Two rotating shafts of revolving-turret make the described light of choosing successively perpendicular to cubical two reflectings surface of minute surface, and write down when vertical the horizontal rotating shaft and the vertical angle θ of rotating shaft rotation
1, θ
2And θ
3, θ
4,, calculate the rotation matrix R that the turntable coordinate is tied to minute surface cube coordinate system (ref ← rot) in conjunction with solar simulation light initialization vector V;
C, ((ref ← rot) calculates the benchmark transition matrix R that the sun sensor coordinate is tied to minute surface cube coordinate system (ref ← sun) for sun ← rot) and R according to the R that calculates among steps A, the B;
D, (ref ← sun) is transformed into direction vector under the minute surface cube frame of reference with directly measuring the sunray vector under the sun sensor coordinate system according to the benchmark transition matrix R that calculates among the step C.
A kind of sun sensor measuring basis conversion equipment, include optical table, solar simulator, diaphragm receiving screen, high precision two-axle rotating table and ccd image positioning system, wherein, solar simulator and two-axle rotating table are finished the demarcation of sun sensor inside and outside parameter; The diaphragm receiving screen is set between solar simulator and the sun sensor, and whether judge solar simulation light perpendicular to the cubical reflecting surface of minute surface with charge-coupled image sensor framing sighting system, finish two reflecting surface normal direction of minute surface cube respectively with the measurement of solar simulation ray vectors relation.
The present invention utilizes existing sun sensor calibration device (high precision two-axle rotating table and solar simulator), locate sighting system by diaphragm receiving screen and ccd image are set, and realized the conversion of sun sensor measuring basis by corresponding method for transformation and step.This method and device do not need the minute surface cube is installed to the reference position that strict accurately position relation is arranged with the sun sensor measurement coordinate system, installation and processing technology is simple, easy to operate, can be fast, the sun sight line that accurately, easily sun sensor directly measured is transformed into the may observe measuring basis on the sun sensor casing.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of conversion equipment of the present invention.
Embodiment
The present invention will be described in more detail below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.
As shown in Figure 1, conversion equipment of the present invention includes optical table 10, solar simulator 11, high precision two-axle rotating table 13, diaphragm receiving screen 12 and charge-coupled image sensor (CCD, Charge Coupled Device) framing sighting system.They are existing device, optical table 10 adopts Tianjin to open up the WSZ-1 type Experiments of Optics platform of general company limited, it is that (precision ± 0.4 "), solar simulator 11 adopts 96000 type solar simulators of Newport--Oriel companies for the measurement turntable of KJ 2100C that high precision two-axle rotating table 13 adopts BJ University of Aeronautics ﹠ Astronautics to control automatically to be the model of development.Camera in the framing sighting system adopts the Minton368P type ccd video camera of Minton company.Since these devices all be have now, its structure and function etc. also all are well known to those skilled in the art, repeat no more here.
Sun sensor 15 is fixed on the inside casing of high precision two-axle rotating table, and it includes and is positioned at same plane and orthogonal two rotating shafts, is respectively horizontal rotating shaft 130 and vertically rotating shaft 131.The simulation light of solar simulator 11 emissions on its imageing sensor, to different angles, obtains the solar simulation light intersecting point coordinate different with imageing sensor by revolving-turret two rotating shafts by the sun sensor irradiation optical system.Finish the demarcation of sun sensor inside and outside parameter according to this as data of calibration point.
Measuring basis conversion method of the present invention just is being based on that aforesaid device carries out, and it needn't guarantee the machining precision of sun sensor 15 casings, needn't guarantee that also minute surface cube 16 is installed to the positional precision on sun sensor 15 casings.When describing measuring basis conversion method of the present invention, relevant with conversion method of the present invention several coordinate systems at first are described, once at large to describe technical scheme of the present invention.
The coordinate system relevant with measuring basis conversion method of the present invention comprises: with the behavior X-axis of the imageing sensor imaging surface of sun sensor 15, classify Y-axis as, and set the Z axle perpendicular to the XY plane, form the sun sensor coordinate system.With the horizontal rotating shaft 130 of two-axle rotating table 13 that sun sensor is installed and vertically rotating shaft 131 be respectively X ' and Y ' axle, two rotating shaft intersection points are true origin, setting is perpendicular to the Z ' axle on X ' Y ' plane, formation turntable coordinate system.An angle point with the minute surface cube 16 on the sun sensor is a true origin, and the plane, three reflecting surface places of crossing this initial point is respectively X " Y ", X " Z ", Y " Z " face, forms minute surface cube coordinate system.Sun sensor coordinate system of the present invention, turntable coordinate system and minute surface cube coordinate system are all right-handed coordinate system or left-handed coordinate system.
Measuring basis conversion method of the present invention is: at first, sun sensor 15 is fixed on the inside casing of high precision two-axle rotating table 13, by solar simulator 15 outgoing solar simulation light, by the sun sensor irradiation optical system on the imageing sensor of sun sensor 15.Different angles are arrived in two rotating shafts by rotation two-axle rotating table 13, obtain the solar simulation light intersecting point coordinate different with imageing sensor.Finish the demarcation of sun sensor inside and outside parameter according to this as data of calibration point; Then, on this caliberating device basis, the diaphragm receiving screen is set between solar simulator and sun sensor, which is provided with the perforation of going into of solar simulation light, make by the single beam line of going into perforation and be radiated at the cubical a certain reflecting surface of minute surface.Whether ccd image location sighting system is used for judging solar simulation light perpendicular to the cubical reflecting surface of minute surface, thus finish two reflecting surface normal direction of minute surface cube respectively with the measurement of solar simulation ray vectors relation.At last, just can determine that by this vector correlation and the outer parameter of sun sensor the sun sensor measurement coordinate system is transformed into the transition matrix of minute surface cube coordinate system.Like this, the sun sight line under the sun sensor measurement coordinate system just can be switched under the minute surface cube coordinate system.Below describe its concrete performing step in detail:
Step 1, on optical table, set up solar simulator 11 and high precision two-axle rotating table 13, and sun sensor is installed on the high precision two-axle rotating table inside casing, make the irradiation optical system of solar simulation light by sun sensor on the imageing sensor of sun sensor.
The horizontal rotating shaft 130 of step 2, rotation two-axle rotating table 13 and vertical rotating shaft 131 are to different angles, the intersecting point coordinate of solar simulation light and imageing sensor under angle recordings of every rotation.As this system's inside and outside parameter unified Modeling model of data of calibration point substitution, and obtain the intrinsic parameter of sun sensor and outer parameter alpha with this with the least square optimization
0, β
0, α
1, β
1,
1Wherein, α
0, β
0Be driftage and the angle of pitch of solar simulation light initialization vector under the turntable coordinate system; α
1, β
1,
1Be that the turntable coordinate system is transformed into the sun sensor measurement coordinate system, turntable is around the anglec of rotation of X ' axle, Y ' axle and X ' axle.Data of calibration point is many more, and the inside and outside parameter value that obtains is accurate more, in the practical application, can choose an amount of data of calibration point according to the field range of sun sensor.For example, the situation of right ± 60 ° field range can be chosen a data of calibration point every 5 °.Concrete implementation method can be referring to (Carl Christian Liebe, Sohrab Mobasser.MEMS BasedSun sensor[A] .IEEE Proceedings Aero space Conference, Piscataway, NJ:IEEEPress2001,3/1565-3/1572).According to these outer parameters obtain solar simulation light under the turntable coordinate system initialization vector direction V and the turntable coordinate system rotation matrix R that is transformed into the sun sensor measurement coordinate system (sun ← rot), it with outer parametric representation is respectively:
Rot (X ', α
1), Rot (Y ', β
1), Rot (Z ',
1) be respectively turntable rotates 1 correspondence around X ' axle rotation alpha 1, around Y ' axle rotation β 1, around Z ' axle rotation matrix.
Step 3, between solar simulator 11 and sun sensor 15, the diaphragm receiving screen is set, chooses on the reflecting surface that Ray Of Light is radiated at minute surface cube 16.
Step 4, rotating table make the reflected light of this reflecting surface of minute surface cube shine the diaphragm receiving screen, utilize the camera 17 of ccd image aiming positioning system, take and to go into perforation on the diaphragm and to reflex to hot spot on the diaphragm receiving screen by this reflecting surface, judge by processing enter 18 whether both are concentric, judge that according to this whether solar simulation light is perpendicular to a certain plane of reflection of minute surface cube, (determination methods can be referring to paper: Wei Xinguo, Zhang Guangjun, " based on the circle center locating method of inferior pixel edge extraction " (national photoelectric technology seminar 2002)).Revolving-turret, the anglec of rotation θ of record turntable diaxon when making both concentric
1, θ
2
Step 5, rotating table make the reflected light of another reflecting surface of minute surface cube shine the diaphragm receiving screen, repeating step 4, the anglec of rotation θ of record turntable diaxon when making both concentric
3, θ
4
Step 6, according to θ
1, θ
2, θ
3, θ
4With solar simulation light initialization vector direction V in the step 2, set up following system of equations:
Wherein, n1 and n2 are respectively the normal directions of minute surface cube two reflectings surface in the step 4,5.Rot (X ', θ
1), Rot (Y ', θ
2), Rot (X ', θ
3), Rot (Y ', θ
4) be respectively that step 4,5 intermediate stations rotate corresponding rotation matrix around diaxon.(ref ← rot) is transformed into the rotation matrix of minute surface cube coordinate system to R for the turntable coordinate system.
Step 7, with R (ref ← rot) be expressed as:
R(ref←rot)＝Rot(Z′，
2)×Rot(Y′，β
2)×Rot(X′，α
2)
Wherein, and Rot (X ', α
2), Rot (Y ', β
2), Rot (Z ',
2) be that the turntable coordinate system is transformed into minute surface cube coordinate system, turntable is respectively around X ' axle rotation alpha
2, around Y ' axle rotation β
2, around Z ' axle rotation
2Corresponding rotation matrix.System of equations in the substitution step 6 (3) can obtain unique one group of α 2, β 2, 2 and separate, thereby obtains R (ref ← rot).
Step 8, ((the substitution following formula of ref ← rot) calculates the transition matrix R that the sun sensor coordinate is tied to minute surface cube coordinate system (ref ← sun) for sun ← rot) and R with the R that obtains in step 2 and the step 7.R(ref←sun)＝R(ref←rot)×R(sun←rot)
-1
Like this, when being applied to spacecrafts such as satellite when sun sensor 15, for directly measuring sunray vector A under the sun sensor coordinate system, the direction vector Aref that is transformed under the minute surface cube frame of reference just is: A
Ref=R (ref ← sun) * A.Be the sun sight line direction vector that sun sensor 15 directly measures, multiply by matrix R and (behind the ref ← sun), just obtain the sun sight line direction vector under the minute surface cube frame of reference.Thereby sun sight line is transformed into may observe measuring basis on the sun sensor casing.
Suppose to draw the outer parameter (α of certain sun sensor by scaling method of the present invention
0, β
0, α
1, β
1,
1) least square optimal value such as following table 1:
| Parameter | α 0 | β 0 | α 1 | β 1 | 1 |
| Optimal value (degree) | 45 | 89 | 1 | 1 | -0.5 |
Table 1
Utilize ccd image location sighting system to going into perforation 120 and minute surface cube reflecting surface flare location on the diaphragm.Revolving-turret, when making solar simulation light respectively perpendicular to minute surface cube X " Y " face and Y " Z " face, the angle θ that turntable turns over around diaxon respectively
1, θ
2, θ
3, θ
4Value such as following table 2:
| Parameter | θ 1 | θ 2 | θ 3 | θ 4 |
| Measured value (degree) | 2.2 | -1.2 | 1.7 | 88.8 |
Table 2
Its corresponding theory formula in the above-mentioned conversion method of substitution, obtain the sun sensor measurement coordinate system to the transition matrix R of may observe minute surface cube coordinate system (ref ← sun) be:
The above is preferred embodiment of the present invention only, is not to be used to limit protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1, a kind of sun sensor measuring basis conversion method is characterized in that this method may further comprise the steps:
A, on optical table, set up solar simulator and high precision two-axle rotating table, sun sensor is installed on the two-axle rotating table, make the irradiation optical system of solar simulation light by sun sensor on the imageing sensor of sun sensor; Rotate two rotating shafts of two-axle rotating table respectively, and write down under each anglec of rotation solar simulation light, calibrate the intrinsic parameter and the outer parameter of sun sensor according to described coordinate at the intersecting point coordinate of imageing sensor imaging surface; According to outer calculation of parameter sunny simulation light initialization vector V and the turntable coordinate rotation matrix R that the is tied to the sun sensor coordinate system (sun ← rot) under the turntable coordinate system;
B, the diaphragm receiving screen is set between solar simulator and sun sensor, chooses Ray Of Light and be radiated on the minute surface cube; Two rotating shafts of revolving-turret make the described light of choosing successively perpendicular to cubical two reflectings surface of minute surface, and write down when vertical the horizontal rotating shaft and the vertical angle θ of rotating shaft rotation
1, θ
2And θ
3, θ
4,, calculate the rotation matrix R that the turntable coordinate is tied to minute surface cube coordinate system (ref ← rot) in conjunction with solar simulation light initialization vector V;
C, ((ref ← rot) calculates the benchmark transition matrix R that the sun sensor coordinate is tied to minute surface cube coordinate system (ref ← sun) for sun ← rot) and R according to the R that calculates among steps A, the B;
D, (ref ← sun) is transformed into direction vector under the minute surface cube frame of reference with directly measuring the sunray vector under the sun sensor coordinate system according to the benchmark transition matrix R that calculates among the step C.
2, sun sensor measuring basis conversion method according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the demarcation of intrinsic parameter of sun sensor described in the steps A and outer parameter is specially:
With calibration point coordinate data substitution sun sensor intrinsic parameter and outer improve parameter unification modeler model, and obtain the intrinsic parameter and the outer parameter of sun sensor with the least square optimization.
3, sun sensor measuring basis conversion method according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that, solar simulation light is specially perpendicular to minute surface cube reflecting surface:
Ccd image location sighting system is set on optical table, utilizes the camera in the described framing system that the diaphragm receiving screen is taken pictures, adjust two rotating shafts of turntable, make reflection aperture on the diaphragm receiving screen with to go into perforation concentric.
4, a kind of sun sensor measuring basis conversion equipment, it is characterized in that, this device includes optical table, solar simulator, diaphragm receiving screen, high precision two-axle rotating table and ccd image positioning system, wherein, solar simulator and two-axle rotating table are finished the demarcation of the inside and outside parameter of sun sensor; The diaphragm receiving screen is set between solar simulator and the sun sensor, and whether judge solar simulation light perpendicular to the cubical reflecting surface of minute surface with charge-coupled image sensor framing sighting system, finish two reflecting surface normal direction of minute surface cube respectively with the measurement of solar simulation ray vectors relation.
5, sun sensor measuring basis conversion equipment according to claim 4, it is characterized in that, described ccd image location sighting system includes camera and processing enter, wherein, camera is taken the flare of going into perforation and being reflected by minute surface cube reflecting surface on the diaphragm, whether concentric judge into perforation and flare by processing enter, judge that according to this whether solar simulation light is perpendicular to the cubical reflecting surface of minute surface.
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