CN101046312B - Temperature control system - Google Patents
Temperature control system Download PDFInfo
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- CN101046312B CN101046312B CN2006101063164A CN200610106316A CN101046312B CN 101046312 B CN101046312 B CN 101046312B CN 2006101063164 A CN2006101063164 A CN 2006101063164A CN 200610106316 A CN200610106316 A CN 200610106316A CN 101046312 B CN101046312 B CN 101046312B
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- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05D—SYSTEMS FOR CONTROLLING OR REGULATING NON-ELECTRIC VARIABLES
- G05D23/00—Control of temperature
- G05D23/19—Control of temperature characterised by the use of electric means
- G05D23/1919—Control of temperature characterised by the use of electric means characterised by the type of controller
Abstract
A temperature control system for controlling at least a part of internal temperature of the building, the temperature control system comprises a liquid storing section for storing liquid, the liquid storing section has surface facing inside of the building, ant the surface is used for transmitting heat between the liquid and said inside. The temperature control system comprises also comprises a heat transmission control device for controlling heat transmission between said liquid and said inside of the building via said surface. By using the heat transmission control device, heat transmission from the liquid storing section can be increased or reduced according to desired heat transmission in order to achieve desired temperature inside of the building. Said surface, for example, can be a part of the wall, ceiling, or floor of the building.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of passive temperature control system of internal temperature of at least a portion that is used to control building.
Background technology
Temperature control system such as central heating systems and/or refrigeration system is known in the art.Normally used heating system heats the medium such as water.Transmit this medium by suitable pipeline to the space that will heat then.Utilize heat exchanger (such as radiator), the part that medium is warm with it is transferred to the air in the inner space of building.Pressures such as normally used heating system employing pump flow to the inner space that will control temperature through the medium of heating from supplying heat source.Therefore, need () energy to come driving pump to produce the stream of medium.
Known refrigeration system makes the air cooling and uses ventilator to wait and produces the pressure stream that the flow direction will be carried out the cooling air of temperature controlled inner space.
In passive temperature control system, do not use pump or ventilator to wait and produce and flow through the pressure of cooling or medium through heating.In the prior art, known multiple passive heating system.In one embodiment, heating boiler is arranged in the basement of building or is positioned at its lowest position of building at least.Heating boiler heats the water in the heating system.Compare with cold water (relative higher proportion), warm water has relatively low density (relatively low proportion).As a result, in the system that comprises warm water and cold water, warm water trends towards rising, and cold water trends towards descending.Therefore, the warm water that produces in basement rises to the radiator of the living space, inside that is arranged in building, and by radiator exchanged heat.Thereby, water turn cold and under roll back basement.Therefore, do not need pump.
Above-mentioned physical phenomenon is called as thermosyphon circulation (thermosiphon circulation).Thermosyphon circulation depends on temperature difference and difference in height.Therefore, passive temperature control system will be designed so that to produce enough differences in height and temperature difference causes flowing of medium thus.
When needing heat supply in the building, above-mentioned passive heating system uses the high-quality energy such as combustion gas or electricity that medium is heated.Yet this system is not suitable for using with the low-quality energy such as low temperature heat energy and solar energy, and this is because when expecting heat supply, the unavailable or quantity not sufficient at least of this low-quality energy.
According to prior art and known temperature control system adopts thermosyphon circulation exchange media between medium storage portion and collector arrangement or heat abstractor.Medium storage portion perhaps absorbs heat from this inner space to the inner space of the building at its place radiant heat.
For example, in summer, when the inner space is warmer relatively, thereby medium storage portion can radiant heat make inner space even warmer, particularly, thereby this be because summer medium to be heated its temperature higher relatively when finish summer.Yet, in the winter time, from the inner space that the heat of medium storage portion radiation is used to heat building valuably.
Summary of the invention
An object of the present invention is to provide a kind of temperature control system with temperature controlled medium storage portion that is used to build of the above-mentioned shortcoming that overcome storage portion.
In temperature control system, realized above purpose according to claim 1.
In temperature control system according to the present invention, a kind of being used for passes to heat building interior or is stored in fluid storage portion from the hot medium (fluid specifically) of building interior absorption.This fluid storage portion has the surface towards building interior.Described surface makes at building interior and is stored between the fluid in the fluid storage portion can carry out heat exchange.In addition, this temperature control system comprises heat transmission control device, is used for being controlled at the heat that exchanges between the fluid of building interior and storage portion.Use this heat to transmit control device, heat transmission according to circumstances can increase or can reduce.Described surface for example can be the part on wall, ceiling or the floor of building.
Can use fluid storage portion in having the light-weight building of low heat capacity, this is because fluid storage portion has replaced the thermmal storage ability of traditional architecture.The structure of traditional architecture has guaranteed that little by little occurrence temperature changes.If there is not the thermal capacity of conventional construction, then temperature can significantly change and can take place rapidly, thereby has reduced the and comfortable for living of building.The heat that is provided with according to the present invention is transmitted the thermmal storage function that the fluid storage portion of control device can replace conventional construction, makes can use light weight construction and do not reduce and comfortable for living.
In one embodiment, this heat transmission control device comprises: described lip-deep ventilative chamber (cavity); And inlet duct, be used to open or close described chamber to allow respectively or to prevent that air from flowing through described chamber.When inlet duct cuts out, there is not air stream in the described chamber.Therefore, radiation and conduction can cause heat exchange.When inlet duct was opened, air stream appearred in the described chamber.Therefore, the heat that passes to the air in the described chamber is removed by convection current.
The amount of the isolation that provided by described chamber has been provided the amount of air stream.Therefore, inlet duct can be controlled, the amount that is used for regulating the air that flows through the chamber.
Temperature difference can cause vertical air stream.Therefore, can inlet duct be set in the bottom side and the top side in chamber.
The chamber can be provided with fluid detector, is used for the fluid of test chamber, for example is used for the leakage of test fluid storage portion.The chamber can be provided with drainpipe by the chamber wall, is used to eject the fluid from the chamber.
In one embodiment, this heat transmission control device can comprise isolated material.Corresponding to the function of air chamber, this isolated material can comprise porous material and/or can be provided with tracheae (air duct).
In one embodiment, this temperature control system comprises: first heat exchanger, be used for exchanged heat between the external environment condition of fluid and for example building, that is, and the low-quality energy.As being explained in more detail below, heat can being passed to fluid (heating) from environment and maybe heat can be passed to environment (cooling) from fluid.
Temperature-controlled fluid is stored in the fluid storage portion, so the low-quality energy is stored in the fluid of storage portion and can uses when needed.For example, be stored from the heat that environment passes to fluid, be used in Winter heat supply in summer.
In order to control building interior or its a part of temperature at least, fluid should flow to second heat exchanger that is positioned properly under construction, with exchanged heat between fluid and building interior.In addition, can determine the position of fluid storage portion and heat exchanger like this, that is, the temperature difference of fluid and difference in height can cause flowing according to the fluid of the principle of above-mentioned thermal siphon phenomenon.
As explaining in more detail hereinafter, the heat exchanger in the building produces required temperature difference, and will provide required difference in height compared to the position of the heat exchanger of the position of fluid storage section.
As mentioned above, temperature control system according to the present invention can be used for carrying out heat supply or freezing according to claims 25 according to claims 16.In one embodiment, with system configuration for according to the building in preferred temperature heat supply or refrigeration.
For heat supply, first heat exchanger comprises collector arrangement; In order to freeze, first heat exchanger comprises heat abstractor.First heat exchanger can be the part of the exterior wall of building.Fluid storage portion can comprise warm fluid storage portion and cold fluid storage portion.
System can comprise flow control valve, is used to control flowing from fluid storage portion to heat exchanger, thereby makes it possible to control heating power or the refrigeration work consumption that is delivered to building interior.In addition, flow control valve can be set back, be used to control fluid turns back to heat exchanger from heat exchanger the flowing of inlet.Therefore, can control the temperature of the fluid that enters heat exchanger, thereby the further control that power is transmitted is provided.Particularly, if two kinds of valves all are set up, then, can accurately control heat supply or refrigeration work consumption, thereby the temperature of control fluid and fluid are by the flow velocity of heat exchanger by to from the fluid of fluid storage portion with come the fluid of automatic heat-exchanger to mix.
On the other hand, the invention provides a kind of building that comprises temperature control system.In this building, second heat exchanger can be arranged on the ceiling of one deck of building.The ceiling heat exchanger of different construction level can be connected.
Near the outer facade (facade) of the Chaoyang side of building, can arrange collector arrangement and warm fluid storage portion.Near the outer facade of the in the shade side of building, can arrange heat abstractor and cold fluid storage portion.
Description of drawings
Useful characterizing definition in addition is in appended dependent claims.Also consider in conjunction with the accompanying drawings to understand the present invention better with reference to following detailed description, more easily understand claim and advantage simultaneously, in described accompanying drawing, identical label refers to identical parts.
Figure 1A to Figure 1B shows the embodiment that heat according to the present invention is transmitted control device;
Fig. 2 A to Fig. 2 D shows the principle of thermosyphon circulation;
Fig. 2 E shows the embodiment of the system that is used for fluid temperature (F.T.) control and the mobile control of fluid in the thermosyphon circulation system;
Fig. 3 shows the embodiment according to the passive temperature control system that is used for heat supply or is used to freeze of the present invention;
Fig. 4 A to Fig. 4 B shows according to the one deck of the embodiment of building of the present invention and two layers layer plane figure;
Fig. 4 C shows the sectional view of the building shown in Fig. 4 A to 4B along the line C-C among Fig. 4 A and the 4B; And
Fig. 4 D to Fig. 4 E shows according to the first outer facade of the building of Fig. 4 A to 4C and the second outer facade.
The specific embodiment
Figure 1A shows warm fluid storage WFS of portion and the cold fluid storage CFS of portion.The ventilative chamber CV that WFS of fluid storage portion and CFS are used as the setting of heat transmission control device surrounds.That chamber CV can be filled with at least in part is suitable (for example porous) isolated material.Chamber CV is provided with inlet duct AAM, when inlet duct AAM closes, means and do not flow (for example air-flow) basically in the CV of chamber.Heat radiation HR transmits heat from the warm fluid storage WFS of portion to building interior I, and I transmits heat to the cold fluid storage CFS of portion internally.
Figure 1B shows warm fluid storage WFS of portion and the cold fluid storage CFS of portion that is surrounded by ventilative chamber CV.Inlet duct AAM opens, and means to have stream (for example air-flow) in the CV of chamber.Fluid such as air among the CV of chamber is heated by the warm fluid storage WFS of portion, causes upwards flowing, and is flowed downward by the fluid of the cold fluid storage CFS of portion cooling, shown in arrow FL.
Flow among the chamber CV between WFS of fluid storage portion and CFS and the inner I has determined the amount of hot transmission.For example, in summer, the inlet duct AAM of the chamber CV adjacent with the warm fluid storage WFS of portion opens, thereby cause little heat transmission from warm fluid to inner I, and the inlet duct AAM adjacent with the cold fluid storage CFS of portion can close, I cools off the inside I of building to the big heat transmission of cold fluid to produce internally.
The schematic diagram of one embodiment of passive heating system has been shown among Fig. 2 A, has been used for explaining the thermosyphon circulation of this system.
The warm fluid storage WFS of portion is connected with the first heat exchanger HE1 by suitable pipeline.The heat-exchange device that is used to add hot fluid does not illustrate.This system is filled with suitable fluid, for example water.The arrow indication is by the warm fluid stream WFF of pipeline.
At node N1 place, fluid temperature (F.T.) is T1, and the temperature of the fluid among this temperature and the warm fluid storage WFS of portion equates substantially.At node N2 place, fluid temperature (F.T.) is T2, because the heat transmission from heat exchanger HE1 to building interior, so T2 is lower than the temperature T 1 at node N1 place.
Because the temperature difference between the fluid at node N1 place and the fluid at node N2 place, the fluid at node N1 place has the low close or proportion of ratio of fluid than node N2 place.Therefore, the fluid at node N1 place trends towards rising to node N2, thereby pushes the fluid at node N2 place to the warm fluid storage WFS of portion further by pipeline.Therefore, produced such stream, this stream flows to heat exchanger HE1 from node N1, flows to node N2 from heat exchanger HE1, flows to the warm fluid storage WFS of portion from node N2, and flows to node N1 from the warm fluid storage WFS of portion.
Among this external Fig. 2 A, the cold fluid storage CFS of portion is connected with heat exchanger HE2 by suitable pipeline.The heat-exchange device that is used for cooling fluid does not illustrate.This system is filled with suitable fluid, for example water.The arrow indication is by the cold fluid flow CFF of pipeline.
At node N3 place, fluid temperature (F.T.) is T3, and the temperature of the fluid among this temperature and the cold fluid storage CFS of portion equates substantially.At node N4 place, fluid temperature (F.T.) is T4, because the heat transmission from building interior to heat exchanger HE2, that is, and to the building interior refrigeration, so temperature T 4 is higher than the temperature T 3 at node N3 place.
Because the temperature difference between the fluid at node N3 place and the fluid at node N4 place, the fluid at node N3 place has the high close or proportion of ratio of fluid than node N4 place.Therefore, the fluid at node N3 place flows through heat exchanger HE2, thereby is heated.Because leave the temperature that the temperature of the fluid of heat exchanger HE2 is higher than the fluid among the cold fluid storage CFS of portion, so fluid trends towards descending from node N3.Relatively warm fluid trends towards rising to the inlet of the cold fluid storage CFS of portion at node N4 place.Therefore, produced such stream, this stream flows to the cold fluid storage CFS of portion from node N4, and the CFS of portion flows to node N3 from the cold fluid storage, flows to heat exchanger HE2 from node N3, and flows to node N4 from heat exchanger HE2.
In order to produce stream, will produce pressure differential.Can be according to equation 1:
p
ts＝g∑Δρ
Ti，Ti+1·Δh
Ti，Ti+1
Determine the thermal siphon pressure differential.Wherein, p
TsBe thermal siphon pressure, g is the acceleration of gravity constant, Δ ρ
Ti, Ti+1It is temperature T
iAnd temperature T
I+1The difference in specific gravity of fluid, Δ h
Ti, Ti+1It is temperature T
iAnd temperature T
I+1The difference in height of fluid.
For Fig. 2 A, according to equation 1, thermal siphon pressure equals:
p
Ts=g (ρ
T2-ρ
T1) h1 equation 2
For example, suppose that T1 is that 40 ℃ and T2 are 30 ℃, suppose that fluid is a water, then drawing difference in specific gravity is 3.4kg/m
3Suppose that h1 is 2 meters, g=9.8, then thermal siphon pressure is 66.6Pa in this case.As a result, if the flow resistance in the systemic circulation less than thermal siphon pressure, then stream can occur in above-mentioned example.Therefore, when the heating system of design drawing 2A, the flow resistance that consider pipeline is to guarantee producing stream.Those skilled in the art can determine the pressure drop in the pipe-line system.Therefore, it is not described in further detail here.
Use shown in Fig. 2 B, at the differing heights place, can be set to other heat exchanger HE3 and HE4 respectively connect with heat exchanger HE1 and HE2 shown in Fig. 2 A and above-mentioned passive fluid stream under construction.Other heat exchanger HE3 and HE4 can excite fluid stream WFF and/or CFF and provide in other construction level and heat and/or freeze.Because heat exchanger HE3 and/or HE4 connect respectively with heat exchanger HE1 and/or HE2, thus the temperature of the construction level above the fluid storage portion layer and/or the temperature of the construction level below the fluid storage portion layer can be controlled, and do not use pump.Therefore, for example can design at this layer and do not need architecture storey for fluid storage portion slot milling.
Fig. 2 C schematically shows another embodiment that the CFS of cold fluid storage portion wherein links to each other with the warm fluid storage WFS of portion.Because the cold fluid storage CFS of portion links to each other with the warm fluid storage WFS of portion,, heat dissipation heat exchanger HE1 can be arranged in the below of the warm fluid storage WFS of portion so heat exchanger HE1 descends though warm fluid need be run counter to the natural tendency of rising.Similarly, because the cold fluid storage CFS of portion links to each other with the warm fluid storage WFS of portion,, endothermic heat exchanger HE2 can be arranged in the top of the cold fluid storage CFS of portion so heat exchanger HE2 rises though cold fluid need be run counter to the natural tendency of decline.
Consider warm fluid stream WFF, the colder relatively fluid that trends towards in the cold fluid storage CFS of portion than warm fluid relatively that leaves heat exchanger HE1 rises.In addition, the cold fluid from the cold fluid storage CFS of portion trends towards descending to the warm fluid of the warm fluid storage WFS of portion.The pressure that this natural tendency provided is enough to drive warm fluid and runs counter to its natural tendency and flow to heat exchanger HE1 from the warm fluid storage WFS of portion.Similarly discuss also effective for cold fluid flow CFF.
The stream that use produces in the embodiment of Fig. 2 C, shown in Fig. 2 D, the cold fluid storage CFS of portion can be positioned at the warm fluid storage WFS of portion top, and wherein, cold fluid flow CFF is indicated by solid line, and warm fluid stream WFF is indicated by dotted line.In the embodiment of Fig. 2 C-2D, bigger according among the embodiment of Fig. 2 B of the layer of fluid storage section and the difference in height between the controlled temperature construction level even beguine.
In the embodiment of Fig. 2 A-2D, fluid in the fluid storage portion and pipeline can be identical fluids with fluid in the heat exchanger.Yet the fluid in pipeline and the heat exchanger also can be by the suitable heat exchanger that is arranged in fluid storage portion be heated and/or cools off in fluid storage portion.Similarly, can adopt the heat exchanger that is arranged in fluid storage portion to heat the fluid that water,tap or cooling are used for refrigerator.
Warm fluid storage WFS of portion and the cold fluid storage CFS of portion have all been shown among every width of cloth figure in Fig. 2 A-2D, so that cold fluid flow CFF and warm fluid stream WFF to be shown.In one embodiment, can only there be the cold fluid storage CFS of portion in the application according to expectation or only has the warm fluid storage WFS of portion.In another embodiment, can there be many warm fluid storage WFS of portion.These warm fluid storages WFS of portion preferably is connected with each other so that the temperature difference between the warm fluid storage WFS of portion causes the thermosyphon circulation of fluid, thereby causes the temperature of the fluid in each fluid storage portion basic identical.Also can there be many cold fluid storage portions and it is continuous similarly.
In one embodiment, fluid storage portion has and the essentially identical height of building that wherein includes described fluid storage section.Thereby they all provide the thermmal storage ability of expectation for every layer living space, inside of building.
Fig. 2 E shows the connection of system pipeline to the FS of fluid storage portion.The first valve V1 is arranged in the pipeline that directly links to each other with the FS of fluid storage portion, and the second valve V2 is arranged in the pipeline of the bypass that forms the fluid storage FS of portion.In addition, suppose fluid stream FF as shown by arrows.
In order to carry out temperature control, the fluid that flows to heat exchanger need have with the FS of fluid storage portion in the different temperature of fluid.In addition, may expect the fluid stream of specified quantitative.In the illustrated embodiment, the first valve V1 can be used to the temperature of major control fluid, and the second valve V2 can be used to the major control flow.Certainly, be noted that flow and temperature all depend on stream by the first valve V1 and the stream by the second valve V2.
Fig. 3 shows the schematic diagram that can be installed in the embodiment in the building 10 that with dashed lines schematically draws.This system comprises: the warm fluid storage WFS of portion, it links to each other with collector arrangement HC such as solar collector, is used to add hot fluid.This system also comprises: the cold fluid storage CFS of portion, it links to each other with heat abstractor (being refrigerating plant CM) such as the infra-red radiation refrigerating plant, is used for cooling fluid.In the illustrated embodiment, the first heat exchanger HE1 is arranged on the ceiling, for example builds on the ceiling of 10 the second layer, and the second heat exchanger HE2 is arranged on the ceiling of lower level (for example building 10 ground floor).Heat exchanger HE1 and HE2 series connection.In addition,, provide four controllable valve V1, V2, V3 and V4 to come control system, in building 10, to obtain desired temperatures corresponding to the valve shown in Fig. 2 E.Other several node N5, N6 and N7 have been pointed out in the drawings.
Under the heat supply duty, valve-off V3 and V4, thus except flowing to or flow out the fluid of refrigerating plant CM, there is not the fluid of the flow direction or the outflow cold fluid storage CFS of portion.
Suppose valve V1 is opened, thereby allow flowing, and suppose valve V2 is closed, thereby forbid flowing from the second heat exchanger HE2 to node N6 from the second heat exchanger HE2 to the warm fluid storage WFS of portion.At node N6 place, the temperature of the fluid in the system is substantially equal to the temperature of the fluid among the warm fluid storage WFS of portion.At node N7 place, because passing to a certain amount of heat by the first heat exchanger HE1, fluid builds 10 the second layer, so fluid is cooled.Therefore, between node N6 and node N7, created thermal siphon.Because thermal siphon N6-N7 has produced fluid stream in the loop that comprises the warm fluid storage WFS of portion, the first heat exchanger HE1, the second heat exchanger HE2 and the first valve V1.In such loop, can control flow velocity by controlling the first valve V1, this will cause reducing by the flow velocity of the first heat exchanger HE1 and the second heat exchanger HE2.
Use can remain on the flow velocity among the first heat exchanger HE1 and the second heat exchanger HE2 level of expectation to the combination of the control of the first valve V1 and the second valve V2.To mix from the fluid of the warm fluid storage WFS of portion and the fluid that returns from the second heat exchanger HE2 at node N6 place, make it possible to control the temperature of the fluid that enters the first heat exchanger HE1.Particularly, can utilize the first valve V1 to come the major control temperature, can utilize the second valve V2 to come the major control flow velocity.Can to valve V1 and V2 manually controls or automatically control.Particularly, if valve V1 and V2 are controlled automatically, then valve V1 and V2 can be the electronics valves.
The warm fluid storage WFS of portion also is connected with heat collector HC.The temperature of the fluid among the warm fluid storage WFS of portion may depend on the position of fluid in the warm fluid storage WFS of portion.The fluid of lower is compared relative colder with the fluid of eminence in the WFS of storage portion in the WFS of storage portion.As a result, shown in the arrow on the pipeline between warm fluid storage WFS of portion and the heat collector HC, colder fluid flows to into heat collector HC relatively, and the inlet of heat collector HC is positioned at the below of the warm fluid storage WFS of portion.Fluid among the heat collector HC is by environment (for example solar energy) heating, and the fluid of heating trends towards rising in heat collector HC.Therefore, produced the thermal siphon operation, and the fluid of heating flows to the warm fluid storage WFS of portion.
Heat collector can comprise the vacuum tube of many horizontal location, and they link to each other with the fluid hose of perpendicular positioning.This collector arrangement HC provides the good heat utilization efficiency in the whole year, and the anti-fluid superheat (for example more than the boiling point) of this collector arrangement HC, and this collector arrangement HC prevents the counter-rotating of thermosyphon circulation.
Under the refrigeration work state, close the first valve V1 and the second valve V2, forbid the fluid communication between the warm fluid storage WFS of portion and the first heat exchanger HE1 and the second heat exchanger HE2.Therefore, provide the cold fluid storage CFS of portion, first and second heat exchanger HE1 and the HE2, and the closed-loop path of the third and fourth valve V3 and V4.At work, heating is from the cold fluid of the cold fluid storage CFS of portion in heat exchanger HE1, HE2, and Jia Re fluid trends towards rising thus, and cold fluid trends towards descending.In order to control refrigeration work consumption, by third and fourth valve V3 and the V4 correspondingly is set, the fluid that can be at node N5 place will return from the first heat exchanger HE1 mixes with the cold fluid from cold fluid storage portion.
Relatively warm fluid trends towards rising to refrigerating plant CM in the cold fluid storage CFS of portion, and refrigerating plant CM can be arranged on the top of building.Refrigerating plant CM cooling fluid, fluid trends towards descending to the cold fluid storage CFS of portion as a result.Therefore, produced and be used for thermosyphon circulation that the fluid that will be stored in the cold fluid storage CFS of portion is cooled off.
In one embodiment, refrigerating plant can be the infra-red radiation emitter, and is higher even the temperature of environment is compared with fluid, and this device also can pass to environment from fluid with heat, thereby all provides refrigeration in summer and winter.Towards the building one side, the infra-red radiation refrigerating plant can be provided with heat-barrier material and/or infra-red radiation isolated material, such as aluminium flake (for example aluminium foil).Have with respect to horizontal alignment about 60 ° of shelters that tilt by use, also can block infrared radiation device and make it avoid infra-red radiation, thereby the open visual field to sky is provided from environment to about 80 ° plate.Also can block infrared radiation device by hot isolated material separates itself and environment.
In order to control climate inside throughout the year, accumulate the heat in summer and it is stored among the warm fluid storage WFS of portion in summer, and in the winter time, still can collect a certain amount of heat from the sun.Be cooled owing to the low temperature cold fluid in the winter time, and use suitable refrigerating plant (such as above-mentioned infrared radiation panel) still fluid can be cooled off in summer.The amount that cold fluid is stored fluid required among CFS of portion and the warm fluid storage WFS of portion is chosen as: when finishing in the winter time, fluid among the warm fluid storage WFS of portion is still more than predetermined minimum temperature, should predetermined minimum temperature be enough to heat and provide enough warm water,tap, for example be used for shower, and when finished summer, the fluid among the cold fluid storage CFS of portion was still under the predetermined maximum temperature that is enough to be used in freezing.
When design building, it is useful adopting the existing cold fluid storage CFS of portion and the warm fluid storage WFS of portion of store heat.In traditional architecture, building structure provides the quality with thermmal storage ability, temperature change rapidly can not take place under construction thus, thereby comfortable inhabitation weather in the building is provided.When fluid-storing container (CFS and WFS) provided this thermmal storage ability, the structure of building can be the light structures that the thermmal storage ability is not provided.Light structures can be made in advance, is transported to construction site then.In addition, for traditional architecture, the transportation cost from being drawn to construction of basic material is reached about 25% to about 30% of building cost.The discharging of using light structures to reduce building materials stream, built waste stream, cost of transportation and greenhouse gases.
As mentioned above, in one embodiment, the warm fluid storage WFS of portion can be provided with the heat exchanger that is connected to warm water,tap loop, thereby makes it possible to use the heat from environment that water,tap is heated.Owing to used heat exchanger, so separate with the temperature control system fluid in the water,tap loop.Similarly, for example, in the cold fluid storage CFS of portion, heat exchanger can be set, be used for refrigerator is freezed.Preferably, the heat exchanger that is used to heat water,tap is positioned near the top of warm fluid storage portion; The heat exchanger that is used to cool off water,tap is positioned near the bottom of cold fluid storage portion.
In addition, as mentioned above, heat exchanger can be arranged on build in the WFS/CFS of fluid storage portion that links to each other of heat exchanger in.In such an embodiment, use a valve to control flow, thereby can control the temperature of the fluid that leaves the described heat exchanger in the fluid storage portion by the heat exchanger among the WFS/CFS of fluid storage portion.In addition, compare with the fluid total volume in the system, the Fluid Volume that flows through heat exchanger is limited.Owing to have only limited amount fluid to flow through heat exchanger, so if etching extent (material that depends on pipeline and heat exchanger) is arranged, etching extent also is limited.
In addition, as mentioned above, heat exchanger can be arranged among the cold fluid storage CFS of portion that links to each other with refrigerating plant CM.In such an embodiment, flowing through the fluid of refrigerating plant CM can be different with the fluid that flows through the first heat exchanger HE1 and the second heat exchanger HE2.Particularly, can select a kind of like this fluid, this fluid is still remaining fluid state below 0 ℃.This fluid can be the water that comprises additive (such as ethylene glycol).
In the closed circuit that comprises heat collector HC and the warm fluid storage WFS of portion and comprising in the closed circuit of refrigerating plant CM and the cold fluid storage CFS of portion, because environmental condition, the direction of thermosyphon circulation may be reversed.Therefore, this counter-rotating can cause the energy transmission to environment do not expected, so the device that prevents this circulation counter-rotating should be provided.As mentioned above, suitable collector arrangement and/or heat abstractor can provide the protection of reversing at circulation.
Fig. 4 A to Fig. 4 E shows as building 10 according to an embodiment of the invention.Fig. 4 A and Fig. 4 B show the layer plane figure of building 10.The layer plane of Fig. 4 A illustrates the layout of ground floor.Building 10 comprises having inlet 21 separately and 31 two family dwelling houses 20 and 30 respectively.Here omitted building the further detailed description of 10 layout.The warm fluid storage WFS of portion is arranged on one deck and extends to two layers (Fig. 4 B).Facade is provided with and is used for the heat collector HC that the fluid to the warm fluid storage WFS of portion heats, for example solar thermal collector outside adjacent with the warm fluid storage WFS of portion first.Therefore, pipeline between heat collector HC and the warm fluid storage WFS of portion is short, thereby makes from the further minimum heat losses of heat collector HC between the warm fluid storage WFS of portion transmission period.
The warm fluid storage WFS of portion surrounds by ventilative isolated material or by ventilative chamber 12.Explained the function in ventilative chamber in conjunction with Figure 1A and 1B.
Fig. 4 B shows the layer plane figure of the second layer of building 10.The warm fluid storage WFS of portion extends to the second layer from ground floor.Heat collector HC also may extend into the second layer of building.At the second layer, cold fluid is stored the CFS of portion arrange adjacently with the second outer facade relative with the first outer facade.The cold fluid storage CFS of portion can be surrounded by ventilative isolated material or ventilative chamber 14.
Fig. 4 C shows along the sectional view of the C-C line shown in Fig. 4 A and the 4B, and it shows the warm fluid storage WFS of portion that extends to the second layer from ground floor.The cold fluid storage CFS of portion extends to the roof of top from the second layer.With refrigerating plant CM be arranged as against with the outer facade of the cold fluid storage CFS of portion adjacent buildings.In ceiling 16 and 18, be furnished with heat exchanger to the inside heat supply of building 10.
Fig. 4 D shows the second outer facade adjacent with cold fluid storage portion.Fig. 4 E shows the first outer facade adjacent with warm fluid storage portion.Preferably, the second outer facade is for example built 10 north side (being positioned at the Northern Hemisphere if build 10) towards the in the shade side of building 10, and the first outer facade is for example built 10 southern side (Northern Hemisphere) towards the Chaoyang side of building 10.Heat collector HC is arranged on the first outer facade of building 10.Refrigerating plant CM is arranged on the second outer facade of building 10.Collector arrangement HC and refrigerating plant CM be installed in provides such advantage on the outer facade: the surface that the surface of described device can be when being installed in this device at top (being on the roof) is bigger.The surface of outer facade increases along with the increase of the volume of building, and roof surface does not increase usually.In addition, outside being installed on the facade time, owing to will precipitate still less contaminated materials on the surface of collector arrangement HC or refrigerating plant CM respectively, so collector arrangement HC and/or refrigerating plant CM are along with the past of time is gentlyer contaminated.Pollution to collector arrangement HC or refrigerating plant CM will cause the efficient of collector arrangement HC and/or refrigerating plant CM to reduce.
In the illustrated embodiment, the size of ground floor is 11.7 meters * 15.9 meters.Shown in Fig. 4 C, the height of each layer is 3 meters.The net volume of the warm fluid storage WFS of portion is about 75m
3The net volume of the cold fluid storage CFS of portion is about 31m
3The surface area of solar thermal collector is about 49m
2Heat calculating demonstrates this structure will provide enough heat and thermmal storage abilities, with warm water,tap to the amount of building 10 inside heat supply and (supposing that building is positioned at Holland) throughout the year the heating expectation, thus need be such as combustion gas or electric high-quality energy.Therefore, building 10 has extraordinary energy-efficient performance (exergetic performance).In addition, it demonstrates passive temperature control system according to the present invention in reasonably limiting, and is feasible in the reasonable building size promptly.
Though describe at the preferred embodiments of the present invention and show the present invention, it should be understood that within the scope of the present invention to break away from these preferred embodiments that described scope of the present invention is not limited by details disclosed herein.
Claims (41)
1. the temperature control system of the internal temperature of at least a portion that is used to control building, this temperature control system comprises:
Fluid storage portion is used for storing fluid, and this fluid storage portion has the surface towards building interior, and this surface is used for carrying out heat transmission between described fluid and described inside;
Heat is transmitted control device, is used to control the heat transmission of passing through described surface between the described inside of described fluid and building; Wherein
Described heat is transmitted control device and is comprised:
Described lip-deep ventilative chamber; With
Inlet duct is used to open or close described chamber, to allow respectively or to prevent that air communication from crossing described chamber.
2. temperature control system according to claim 1, wherein, described surface is the part of one of them at least in wall, ground and the ceiling of building.
3. temperature control system according to claim 1, wherein, inlet duct is arranged on the bottom side and top side in described ventilative chamber.
4. temperature control system according to claim 1, wherein, inlet duct is controlled, is used to regulate the amount of the air that flows through described chamber.
5. temperature control system according to claim 1, wherein, a side in described chamber is formed by described surface, and the opposite side in described chamber is by forming with a certain distance from described surperficial chamber wall.
6. temperature control system according to claim 1 wherein, is provided with fluid detector and detects fluid in the described chamber.
7. temperature control system according to claim 1 wherein, is provided with drainpipe on the wall of chamber, be used for from chamber discharge fluid.
8. temperature control system according to claim 1, wherein, heat is transmitted control device and is comprised isolated material.
9. temperature control system according to claim 8, wherein, described isolated material is a porous material.
10. temperature control system according to claim 8, wherein, described isolated material is provided with tracheae.
11. temperature control system according to claim 1, wherein, the inner space of described building is in the face of at least two fluid storage portions that separate.
12. temperature control system according to claim 11, wherein, at least a portion of described at least two fluid storage portions is positioned at identical level height.
13. temperature control system according to claim 11, wherein, described at least two fluid storage portions adopt such fluid connected mode, that is, the fluid in each of described at least two fluid storage portions all has the basic temperature that equates.
14. temperature control system according to claim 1 also comprises:
First heat exchanger is used for exchanged heat between the environment of fluid and building, and this first heat exchanger is connected with fluid storage portion by pipeline; With
Second heat exchanger is used for exchanged heat between fluid and building interior, and this second heat exchanger is connected with fluid storage portion by pipeline,
Wherein, with respect to fluid storage portion first heat exchanger and second heat exchanger are placed as: make because the difference in height between relatively warm fluid and the colder relatively fluid causes flowing by the temperature controlled fluid that is used for of pipeline, first heat exchanger and second heat exchanger.
15. temperature control system according to claim 14 wherein, is configured to be used at least a portion heat supply to building interior with temperature control system, and wherein:
First heat exchanger comprises the collector arrangement that is used to add hot fluid;
Fluid storage portion comprises the warm fluid storage portion that is used to store through the fluid of collector arrangement heating; And
Second heat exchanger is connected to warm fluid storage portion, is set to: make because the cooling of the fluid in second heat exchanger causes flowing by the fluid that is used for heat supply of the pipeline and second heat exchanger with respect to the position of warm fluid storage portion second heat exchanger.
16. temperature control system according to claim 15, wherein, at least a portion of collector arrangement is the part of external wall.
17. temperature control system according to claim 15 wherein, is provided with heat supply current control valve in the pipeline that connects second heat exchanger and warm fluid storage portion, be used for controlling the fluid stream that flows to second heat exchanger that is used for heat supply.
18. temperature control system according to claim 15 wherein, is provided with heat supply stream and returns valve, is used for the Returning fluid stream from second heat exchanger is mixed with the fluid stream that flows to second heat exchanger.
19. temperature control system according to claim 15, wherein, collector arrangement comprises the solar collector that is used to add hot fluid.
20. temperature control system according to claim 19, wherein, the inlet of solar collector is positioned at warm fluid and stores subordinate side.
21. temperature control system according to claim 15, wherein, the inlet of collector arrangement is connected with second heat exchanger and flows to receive Returning fluid, and the outlet of collector arrangement is connected with warm fluid storage portion.
22. temperature control system according to claim 15, wherein, the water,tap heat exchanger is arranged in the warm fluid storage part, is used to heat water,tap.
23. temperature control system according to claim 22, wherein, the water,tap heat exchanger is positioned near the top of warm fluid storage portion.
24. temperature control system according to claim 14 wherein, is configured to temperature control system at least a portion of building interior is freezed, and wherein:
First heat exchanger comprises the heat abstractor that is used for cooling fluid;
Fluid storage portion comprises the cold fluid storage portion that is used to store through the fluid of heat abstractor cooling; And
Second heat exchanger is connected to cold fluid storage portion, is set to: make because the heating of the fluid in second heat exchanger causes flowing by the fluid that is used to freeze of the pipeline and second heat exchanger with respect to the position of cold fluid storage portion second heat exchanger.
25. temperature control system according to claim 24, wherein, at least a portion of heat abstractor is the part of external wall.
26. temperature control system according to claim 24 wherein, is provided with the refrigeration stream by-pass valve control in the pipeline that connects second heat exchanger and cold fluid storage portion, be used for controlling the fluid stream that flows to second heat exchanger.
27. temperature control system according to claim 24 wherein, is provided with refrigeration stream and returns valve, is used for the Returning fluid stream from second heat exchanger is mixed with the fluid stream that flows to second heat exchanger.
28. temperature control system according to claim 24, wherein, heat abstractor comprises the infra-red radiation cooler that is used for cooling fluid.
29. temperature control system according to claim 28, wherein, the inlet of infra-red radiation cooler is positioned at cold fluid storage portion top.
30. temperature control system according to claim 24, wherein, the inlet of heat abstractor is connected with second heat exchanger and flows to receive Returning fluid, and the outlet of heat abstractor is connected with cold fluid storage portion.
31. temperature control system according to claim 24, wherein, heat exchanger for refrigerator is arranged in the cold fluid storage part, is used to cool off refrigerator inside.
32. temperature control system according to claim 31, wherein, heat exchanger for refrigerator is positioned near the bottom of cold fluid storage portion.
33. temperature control system according to claim 14, wherein, temperature control system comprises warm fluid storage portion, cold fluid storage portion and is positioned at the heat exchanger that warm fluid storage subordinate side is used to dispel the heat, wherein warm fluid storage portion links to each other with cold fluid storage portion, thereby the warm fluid stream from warm fluid storage portion to heat exchanger is given birth in the natural fluid miscarriage.
34. temperature control system according to claim 14, wherein, temperature control system comprises warm fluid storage portion, cold fluid storage portion and is positioned at the heat exchanger that cold fluid storage portion top is used to absorb heat, wherein warm fluid storage portion links to each other with cold fluid storage portion, thereby the cold fluid flow from cold fluid storage portion to heat exchanger is given birth in the natural fluid miscarriage.
35. building that comprises temperature control system according to claim 1.
36. building according to claim 35 wherein, is arranged in second heat exchanger in the ceiling of inner space of building, by temperature control system temperature control is carried out in this inner space.
37. building according to claim 36, wherein, second heat exchanger comprises: the first ceiling heat exchanger, and it is arranged in the ceiling of inner space of ground floor of building; With the second ceiling heat exchanger, it is arranged in the ceiling of inner space of the second layer of building, and the first ceiling heat exchanger and the second ceiling heat exchanger are connected.
38. a building that comprises temperature control system according to claim 15, wherein in the Chaoyang of this building side, portion is incorporated in this building with the warm fluid storage.
39., wherein, collector arrangement is arranged on the outer facade of this building Chaoyang side according to the described building of claim 38.
40. a building that comprises temperature control system according to claim 24, wherein in the in the shade side of this building, portion is incorporated in this building with the cold fluid storage.
41., wherein, heat abstractor is arranged on this outer facade of building in the shade side according to the described building of claim 40.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| WOPCT/NL2006/000167 | 2006-03-31 | ||
| NL2006000167 | 2006-03-31 |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN101046312A CN101046312A (en) | 2007-10-03 |
| CN101046312B true CN101046312B (en) | 2011-03-09 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2006101063164A Active CN101046312B (en) | 2006-03-31 | 2006-07-19 | Temperature control system |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN101046312B (en) |
| TW (1) | TW200736554A (en) |
Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3929186A (en) * | 1970-05-13 | 1975-12-30 | Otto Alfred Becker | Thermally insulating wall units |
| US4061185A (en) * | 1975-05-16 | 1977-12-06 | Canada Square Management Ltd. | Temperature control system |
| US4069973A (en) * | 1975-11-17 | 1978-01-24 | Edwards Douglas W | Thermal distribution and storage system for solar and other heating and cooling |
| US4267822A (en) * | 1978-11-08 | 1981-05-19 | Grumman Energy Systems, Inc. | Integrated solar energy system |
| US6453686B1 (en) * | 2001-09-25 | 2002-09-24 | Ray M. Alden | Deep cycle heating and cooling apparatus and process |
| CN1498330A (en) * | 2001-03-29 | 2004-05-19 | Ī����ķ�عɹɷݹ�˾ | Space heating system |
| CN1715576A (en) * | 2004-07-02 | 2006-01-04 | 魏鸿申 | Energy storage wall and its use |
-
2006
- 2006-07-19 CN CN2006101063164A patent/CN101046312B/en active Active
- 2006-07-26 TW TW095127333A patent/TW200736554A/en unknown
Patent Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3929186A (en) * | 1970-05-13 | 1975-12-30 | Otto Alfred Becker | Thermally insulating wall units |
| US4061185A (en) * | 1975-05-16 | 1977-12-06 | Canada Square Management Ltd. | Temperature control system |
| US4069973A (en) * | 1975-11-17 | 1978-01-24 | Edwards Douglas W | Thermal distribution and storage system for solar and other heating and cooling |
| US4267822A (en) * | 1978-11-08 | 1981-05-19 | Grumman Energy Systems, Inc. | Integrated solar energy system |
| CN1498330A (en) * | 2001-03-29 | 2004-05-19 | Ī����ķ�عɹɷݹ�˾ | Space heating system |
| US6453686B1 (en) * | 2001-09-25 | 2002-09-24 | Ray M. Alden | Deep cycle heating and cooling apparatus and process |
| CN1715576A (en) * | 2004-07-02 | 2006-01-04 | 魏鸿申 | Energy storage wall and its use |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN101046312A (en) | 2007-10-03 |
| TW200736554A (en) | 2007-10-01 |
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