CN101045584A - Construction method and application of compound chinampa system for water surface pollution treatment - Google Patents
Construction method and application of compound chinampa system for water surface pollution treatment Download PDFInfo
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- CN101045584A CN101045584A CN 200710020624 CN200710020624A CN101045584A CN 101045584 A CN101045584 A CN 101045584A CN 200710020624 CN200710020624 CN 200710020624 CN 200710020624 A CN200710020624 A CN 200710020624A CN 101045584 A CN101045584 A CN 101045584A
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Abstract
A composite floating island system for treating the water surface pollution of water system features the combination of plants, animals and microbes, high cleaning power, and high stability. Its construction method is also disclosed.
Description
One, technical field
This invention belongs to the ecological engineering technology field, is specifically related to the improvement of water body pollution of area source.
Two, background technology
Pollution face source also is called water and pollutes non-point source, is to distribute and discharge pollutants and the generation source of causing water pollution with the area form.The pollution to ecosystems such as water layer, lake, riverbank, atmosphere that dispersion source of pollution such as pollutent that slope runoff brings such as settling, chemical fertilizer, agricultural chemicals, waste material, pathogenic bacterium cause is the important source of water pollution.Along with the continuous reinforcement of country to the point-source pollution management, pollution of area source is that characteristics have become one of " bottleneck " that serious restriction ecological construction, social stability, human settlement's level improve to have a large capacity and a wide range, and administers the vital task that pollution of area source has become current pollution control of water.
The improvement pollution of area source is held back with minimizing except raising green coverage, the utilization that reduces pollutent and discharging with to pollutent and is entered the amount of water body, also to administer, to alleviate water body eutrophication degree and water quality the area source pollutants that enters water body.Utilizing the artificial floating island planting aquatic plants to come purifying water body is one of measure of current improvement pollution of area source commonly used.Problems such as but because common chinampa exists plant to upgrade difficulty, function is too single, is not easy to management, and plant residue causes secondary pollution easily, and decontamination effect improving is not obvious are puzzlement people's difficult problems always.
Three, summary of the invention
(1) the present invention's problem that need solve is:
1. common chinampa detergent power is weak, the comparatively single problem of function;
2. common chinampa is generally fixed, and plant is directly cultivated on the chinampa, and plant is changed comparatively difficulty, brings difficulty to management, and plant residue inconvenience is removed, and easily causes the problem of secondary pollution of water;
3. the assembly and disassembly of common chinampa are difficulty comparatively, the running cost height;
4. common chinampa has only economic the input not have economic output, how to improve the problem of chinampa ecological benefits and economic benefit etc.
(2) concrete technological line of the present invention is as follows:
Technological line of the present invention mainly comprises: design of design of design of compound chinampa framework and preparation method thereof, movable cultivation basket and preparation method thereof, no native solid substrate cultivation, compound chinampa net cage body and preparation method thereof, the frame body connection of compound chinampa and assembling, the configuration of animal and plant instrument kind and optimization etc., to reach the water body purification ability that improves, the compound chinampa system applies that makes up is administered the water body pollution of area source in the pollution of area source water body, this system have change animal and plant instrument kind easy, be convenient to the characteristics of managing, cutting operating costs.
Concrete grammar is:
(1) design of compound chinampa frame body: according to different water body sizes and shape be convenient to operation, become width that 2 grids are arranged compound chinampa Frame Design, the number of squares of its length has 2,4,6 respectively, the framework of 8 four kind of specification, can carry out multi-form combination according to the water body situation between several specification skeleton constructions, to satisfy the needs of different water bodys; Compound chinampa framework adopts plastics to make hollow frame, improves its weight-carrying ability; The circular hole that a diameter 1.5cm is arranged every two each grid places since two tops on the frame body frame is for connecting each frame body and the structure that is used for fixing net cage;
(2) design of the movable cultivation basket in compound chinampa: the plant growing basket is square independent basket, size is slightly less than and chinampa framework short side lattice, and the basket bottom is the mesh screen structure, and has " well " font reinforcement to increase firmness, sieve aperture is convenient to root system of plant and is entered water body, improves purification efficiency; Cultivation basket is sat in the space that is placed in the frame body of chinampa, can be on the coast the strong instrument kind of plant of the high detergency of patience with after no native solid substrate cultivation is in basket, cultivation basket is sitting in the space in the frame body of chinampa; Cultivation adopts no native solid state cultivation to prevent the pollution that water body is caused, and movable cultivation basket is convenient to cultivation of plants, management and replacing;
(3) design of compound chinampa net cage: size and shape according to the chinampa are made the net cage that is complementary with the chinampa, net cage mesh size is set according to the filter feeder size of being placed, can not escape with animal and to be as the criterion, the net cage body is positioned at the bottom, chinampa, be fixed on around the frame body frame of chinampa around the net cage, net cage around the chinampa exceeds chinampa 30cm at least, and by the they sup-port that is inserted on the frame of chinampa;
(4) assembling of compound chinampa frame body: the chinampa frame body is connected into certain combined shaped according to concrete water body size and shape; River water body can connect into the chinampa frame body one or two strip; Water body in lake can connect into the chinampa frame body rectangular or it is closely connected into solid square, rectangle or is combined into shapes such as hollow double shape, square or rectangle by long strip shape chinampa frame body;
(5) animal and plant instrument kind configuration: basket strong and good instrument kind of plant of landscape effect of interior plantation detergent power is cultivated on the chinampa, by the effect conversion and the minimizing nutritive element of plant and symbiotic microorganism; Place the economic hydrocoles of filter-feeding in the net cage of chinampa, control organic matter and algae; Light transmission part, space on double chinampa frame body, square hollow or hollow rectangle combination chinampa is provided with the submerged plant rack, places submerged plant on rack; By the filter food of filter feeder, the absorption of waterplant and the comprehensive action of plant rhizosphere symbiotic microorganism, promote conversion, decomposition and the sorption of pollutent, reduce existing area source pollutants in the water body, can be more obvious if enter the water body measure effect in conjunction with the surface source pollutants; In addition, filter-feeding economic animal shellfish and fish also have certain economic benefits;
(6) the fixing and protection of chinampa system: squeeze in the water-bed matrix with column form objects such as bamboo poles around on the chinampa chinampa system finishes after, the chinampa is fixed on the upright pole, if the chinampa leans on self buoyancy to float, available rope is fixed; If the chinampa is installed in the river course that flows, at 1m-2m place, upstream, chinampa the hurdle protecting wire net to be set one, prevent that the net sheet of foreign matter destruction chinampa system from causing filter feeder to escape.
(3) the present invention compared with the prior art, its significance progress is:
The constructed compound chinampa ecosystem of the present invention passes through the coordinative role of plant, animal and microorganism, characteristics such as having that detergent power is strong, system stability good, change that plant is convenient and easy, convenient management and decontamination effect improving are obvious, and can make up according to water shape and size, flexible and convenient operation has overcome that common chinampa detergent power is weak, function is comparatively single, assembling, dismounting difficulty, has easily produced secondary pollution and have only the problems such as not having output that drops into.
Four, description of drawings
Fig. 1 shows the long frame body of 2 lattice: the square chinampa frame body of wide 2 grids, long 2 grids;
Fig. 2 shows the long frame body of 4 lattice: the rectangle chinampa frame body of wide 2 grids, long 4 grids;
Fig. 3 shows interior frame for hollow chinampa frame body;
Fig. 4 shows the long frame body of 6 lattice: the rectangle chinampa frame body of wide 2 grids, long 6 grids;
Fig. 5 shows the long frame body of 8 lattice: the rectangle chinampa frame body of wide 2 grids, long 8 grids;
Fig. 6 shows square cultivation basket, and the bottom is the mesh screen structure, and " well " font reinforcement is arranged, and increases firmness;
Fig. 7 shows the strip framework frame combination that rectangle chinampa frame body connects into;
Fig. 8 shows the solid rectangular frame body combination that the chinampa frame body connects into;
Fig. 9 shows the hollow rectangular frame body combination that the island frame body connects into;
Figure 10 shows the double chinampa of strip frame body, has living space in the middle of two rows;
Figure 11 shows the square hollow frame body combination that the chinampa frame body connects into, and has living space between the chinampa;
1: the eyelet on the frame body frame of chinampa has effects such as the combination of connection box support body, fixed cage;
2: chinampa frame body frame, porose on it;
3: support frame in the frame body of chinampa;
4: space in the framework of chinampa is the place that the cultivation basket is installed;
5: cultivation basket bottom sieve aperture, the root of plant enters water body by sieving sky;
6: the space of printing opacity between the combination of chinampa frame body, can place submerged plant in its space.
Five, embodiment
(1) design of compound chinampa frame body: according to different water body sizes and shape be convenient to operation, it is that 1.8m has 2 grids that the framework unification of compound chinampa is designed to width, each grid is 70cm * 70cm, and the width of the frame of frame body is 15cm, highly is 15cm; Supporting in the frame of frame body that the width of frame is 10cm, highly is 15cm, and the Design of length of different frames body becomes four kinds of specifications to be respectively: the long frame body of 2 lattice, the long frame body of 4 lattice, the long frame body of 6 lattice and the long frame body of 8 lattice.Can make up between the frame body of all size, be undertaken fixedly connected by the connection holes on the frame body frame; Compound chinampa frame body is the sealed hollow framework, can improve its weight-carrying ability;
(2) design and the application of the movable cultivation basket in compound chinampa: the plant growing basket is designed to and the supporting movable culture apparatus in framework space, chinampa, cultivation basket bottom is the mesh screen structure, and there is " well " font reinforcement to increase firmness, the sieve sky is convenient to root system of plant and is entered water body, improve purification efficiency, specific design is that plant growing basket basket mouth is square, height (degree of depth) 25cm-30cm of basket, the outside dimension of cultivation basket is 69.5cm, around basket is suitable for reading the wide edge of 2cm is arranged; On the coast the strong instrument kind of plant of the high detergency of patience with after no native solid substrate cultivation is in basket, cultivation basket is installed in the space in the frame body of chinampa; Both fixing plant materialss of no native solid state cultivation are adopted in cultivation, prevent the pollution that soil nutrient causes water body again, and movable cultivation basket is convenient to cultivation of plants, management and replacing;
(3) design of compound chinampa net cage: make the net cage that is complementary with the chinampa size shape according to chinampa size, shape, the mesh size of net cage sheet can not be escaped with the minimum filter feeder of placing and exceed, and the degree of depth of net cage can be adjusted between 0.6m-2m according to water depth and transparence; Net cage top edge and waist are provided with static line, net cage can be fixed on the frame of chinampa framework, when needs promote the net cage height, fix with net cage waist static line, and the waist static line is with upper net plate sagging the getting final product of turning up;
(4) assembling of compound chinampa frame body: after the cultivation basket that will plant the good emergent of the strong view of detergency is installed to the chinampa framework, require it is connected into certain combined shaped according to concrete water body, the net cage that matches of design and installation places the bottom, chinampa again, makes the net cage around the chinampa exceed chinampa 30cm at least; When river water body is provided with the chinampa, frame body is connected into one or two strip; When water body in lake is provided with the chinampa, connects into frame body rectangular or it is closely connected into solid square, rectangle or is combined into shapes such as hollow double shape, square or rectangle by long strip shape chinampa frame body;
(5) animal and plant instrument kind configuration: basket strong and good instrument kind of plant of landscape effect of interior plantation detergent power is cultivated on the chinampa, by the effect conversion and the minimizing nutritive element of plant and symbiotic microorganism; Place the economic hydrocoles of filter-feeding in the net cage of chinampa, control organic matter and algae; Light transmission part, space on double chinampa frame body, square hollow or hollow rectangle combination chinampa is provided with the waterplant rack, places submerged plant on rack; Filter food by filter feeder, the absorption of waterplant and microorganism reduce existing area source pollutants in the water body to effects such as the conversion of pollutent and decomposition, enter the water body measure in conjunction with the surface source pollutants, water quality is taken a turn for the better, and the filter-feeding economic animal also has certain economic benefits.Embodiment: classes such as filter-feeding hydrocoles freshwater mussel, silver carp are rendered in the net cage of chinampa according to certain density, as with bivalves such as medium sized jib etc. according to 20/cm
3, the yellow silver carp of two silver carps in age, 2/cm of silver carp
3, filter feeder can filter suspended matter, the algae that ingests, chip, zooplankton etc., and its secretory product has throwing out, the activity disturbance water body of fish, can play increases the oxygen effect; Instrument kind of plant that the plantation detergent power is strong and landscape effect is good in the cultivation basket such as typha angustifolia, Canna generalis Bailey, wilson iris, umbrella grass, Caulis Miscanthis floriduli, fox rice grass etc.; If adopt double chinampa frame body, (fixed according to the water body transparence) is provided with the submerged plant stand in the water body of the light transmission part certain depth between two frame bodies, places the hornwort of no native solid substrate set, black algae, p.malaianus etc.; Filter food by filter feeder in the water body, the absorption of waterplant and microorganism make water quality take a turn for the better gradually to the conversion of pollutent and Decomposition etc.;
(6) the fixing and protection of chinampa system: squeeze in the water-bed matrix with column form objects such as bamboo poles around on the chinampa chinampa system finishes after, the chinampa is fixed on the upright pole, if the chinampa leans on self buoyancy to float, available rope is fixed; In order to protect the chinampa operating safety, the 2m place will be provided with the hurdle protecting wire net at its upstream, prevents that foreign matter from destroying the net sheet of chinampa system.
Claims (2)
1, be used for the compound chinampa system constituting method that the water body pollution of area source is administered, it is characterized in that:
(1) design of compound chinampa frame body: according to different water body sizes and shape be convenient to operation, become width that 2 grids are arranged compound chinampa Frame Design, the number of squares of its length has 2,4,6 respectively, the framework of 8 four kind of specification, can carry out multi-form combination according to the water body situation between several specification skeleton constructions, to satisfy the needs of different water bodys; Compound chinampa framework adopts plastics to make hollow frame, and the circular hole of a diameter 1.5cm is arranged every two each grid places since two tops on the frame body frame;
(2) design of the movable cultivation basket in compound chinampa: the plant growing basket is square independent basket, and size is slightly less than and chinampa framework short side lattice, and the basket bottom is the mesh screen structure, and has " well " font reinforcement to increase firmness; The cultivation basket is sat in the space that is placed in the frame body of chinampa, adopts no native solid state cultivation plant;
(3) design of compound chinampa net cage: size and shape according to the chinampa are made the net cage that is complementary with the chinampa, net cage mesh size is set according to the filter feeder size of being placed, can not escape with animal and to be as the criterion, the net cage body is positioned at the bottom, chinampa, be fixed on around the frame body frame of chinampa around the net cage, net cage around the chinampa exceeds chinampa 30cm at least, and by the they sup-port that is inserted on the frame of chinampa;
(4) assembling of compound chinampa frame body: the chinampa frame body is connected into certain combined shaped according to concrete water body size and shape;
(5) animal and plant instrument kind configuration: the strong and good instrument kind of plant of landscape effect of plantation detergent power in the chinampa cultivation basket: typha angustifolia, Canna generalis Bailey, wilson iris, umbrella grass, Caulis Miscanthis floriduli, fox rice grass, place economic hydrocoles freshwater mussel of filter-feeding and silver carp in the net cage of chinampa, the light transmission part, space on combination chinampa is provided with submerged plant;
(6) the fixing and protection of chinampa system: squeeze in the water-bed matrix with column form objects such as bamboo poles all around on the chinampa after the chinampa system finishes, the chinampa is fixed on the upright pole, the 1m-2m place will be provided with the hurdle protecting wire net in the upstream, chinampa.
2, according to the compound chinampa system that is used for that the water body pollution of area source administers of the described structure of claim 1 in the application of administering the pollution of area source water body.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN 200710020624 CN101045584A (en) | 2007-03-16 | 2007-03-16 | Construction method and application of compound chinampa system for water surface pollution treatment |
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| CN 200710020624 CN101045584A (en) | 2007-03-16 | 2007-03-16 | Construction method and application of compound chinampa system for water surface pollution treatment |
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Cited By (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN100528772C (en) * | 2007-10-25 | 2009-08-19 | 中国科学院南京地理与湖泊研究所 | Method for removing settled organism on surface of submerged plant by using grazer |
| CN101828538A (en) * | 2010-05-31 | 2010-09-15 | 中国水产科学研究院渔业机械仪器研究所 | Box-type biological floating bed and use method thereof |
| CN101628774B (en) * | 2009-08-06 | 2012-05-09 | 北京师范大学 | Up-flow filter layer-floating bed water purification device |
| CN102674556A (en) * | 2012-05-24 | 2012-09-19 | 河海大学 | Composite ecological floating bed for providing biotope |
| CN103058384A (en) * | 2013-01-25 | 2013-04-24 | 北京林业大学 | Method for repairing organic substance polluted water body by using typha minima |
| CN103130329A (en) * | 2013-03-08 | 2013-06-05 | 国家海洋局第三海洋研究所 | Paspalum distichum ecological floating bed and application thereof in purifying seawater culture water quality |
| CN103145249A (en) * | 2013-01-31 | 2013-06-12 | 浙江大学 | Combined type adjustable compound ecological floating island |
| CN103708684A (en) * | 2014-01-14 | 2014-04-09 | 浙江工业大学 | Purification treatment system and water quality purification method for riverway |
| CN104108797A (en) * | 2014-07-31 | 2014-10-22 | 宜都市茂源生态农业有限公司 | Water body purification system formed by stereoscopic configuration of aquatic animals and plants and purification method thereof |
| CN105016471A (en) * | 2015-01-21 | 2015-11-04 | 宇星科技发展(深圳)有限公司 | Ecological floating island |
| CN107673477A (en) * | 2017-10-27 | 2018-02-09 | 北方民族大学 | A kind of method that river course artificial swamp is built using artificial floating island |
| CN107935310A (en) * | 2017-12-05 | 2018-04-20 | 张文龙 | Water environment ecological restoration device |
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2007
- 2007-03-16 CN CN 200710020624 patent/CN101045584A/en active Pending
Cited By (15)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN100528772C (en) * | 2007-10-25 | 2009-08-19 | 中国科学院南京地理与湖泊研究所 | Method for removing settled organism on surface of submerged plant by using grazer |
| CN101628774B (en) * | 2009-08-06 | 2012-05-09 | 北京师范大学 | Up-flow filter layer-floating bed water purification device |
| CN101828538A (en) * | 2010-05-31 | 2010-09-15 | 中国水产科学研究院渔业机械仪器研究所 | Box-type biological floating bed and use method thereof |
| CN102674556A (en) * | 2012-05-24 | 2012-09-19 | 河海大学 | Composite ecological floating bed for providing biotope |
| CN102674556B (en) * | 2012-05-24 | 2013-07-03 | 河海大学 | Composite ecological floating bed for providing biotope |
| CN103058384A (en) * | 2013-01-25 | 2013-04-24 | 北京林业大学 | Method for repairing organic substance polluted water body by using typha minima |
| CN103145249A (en) * | 2013-01-31 | 2013-06-12 | 浙江大学 | Combined type adjustable compound ecological floating island |
| CN103130329A (en) * | 2013-03-08 | 2013-06-05 | 国家海洋局第三海洋研究所 | Paspalum distichum ecological floating bed and application thereof in purifying seawater culture water quality |
| CN103708684A (en) * | 2014-01-14 | 2014-04-09 | 浙江工业大学 | Purification treatment system and water quality purification method for riverway |
| CN104108797A (en) * | 2014-07-31 | 2014-10-22 | 宜都市茂源生态农业有限公司 | Water body purification system formed by stereoscopic configuration of aquatic animals and plants and purification method thereof |
| CN105016471A (en) * | 2015-01-21 | 2015-11-04 | 宇星科技发展(深圳)有限公司 | Ecological floating island |
| CN107673477A (en) * | 2017-10-27 | 2018-02-09 | 北方民族大学 | A kind of method that river course artificial swamp is built using artificial floating island |
| CN107673477B (en) * | 2017-10-27 | 2021-07-02 | 北方民族大学 | Method for constructing river constructed wetland by utilizing artificial floating island |
| CN107935310A (en) * | 2017-12-05 | 2018-04-20 | 张文龙 | Water environment ecological restoration device |
| CN107935310B (en) * | 2017-12-05 | 2021-03-30 | 张文龙 | Water environment ecological restoration device |
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