CN101043193A - Permanent-magnet electric motor and its operation method - Google Patents
Permanent-magnet electric motor and its operation method Download PDFInfo
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- CN101043193A CN101043193A CNA2007100741668A CN200710074166A CN101043193A CN 101043193 A CN101043193 A CN 101043193A CN A2007100741668 A CNA2007100741668 A CN A2007100741668A CN 200710074166 A CN200710074166 A CN 200710074166A CN 101043193 A CN101043193 A CN 101043193A
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Abstract
The invention suits for field of electric motor, it provides a permanent electromotor and its running method, said running method includes steps as following: loading location pulse to make one magnetic pole of the rotor of electric motor positioned between the two adjacent stator windings; loading running pulse to make motor run, the first pulse is loaded to any of the two adjacent stator windings, said running pulse is output in mode of three-phase. The running of the permanent electromotor makes rotor rotate from the orientation position directly to avoid step out when started.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to machine field, relate in particular to a kind of permanent magnet motor and operation method thereof.
Background technology
Permanent magnet motor is a kind of executive component that electric impulse signal is converted to angular displacement (or straight-line displacement), power supply is the pulse power rather than DC power supply or sine ac power supply, permanent magnet motor comprises a p-m rotor, coil windings and magnetic conduction stator, the pulse power is switched on to coil windings, produce an electromagnetic field, be divided into north and south poles, the magnetic field that stator produces make rotor rotation arrive with stator field to directly, in the time of by the power-up sequence that changes coil stator field being rotated in the space, rotor is followed magnetic field and is rotated synchronously.Permanent magnet synchronous motor has that volume is little, efficient is high, good reliability and to advantages such as environmental suitability are strong, has been widely used in the drive system in fields such as industry, national defence, household electrical appliances.
Permanent magnet motor need obtain the information of rotor magnetic pole position and rotating speed, and these information are obtained by transducer usually.What traditional permanent magnet synchronous motor adopted is that the structure that belt sensor is located is determined the position that winding is switched on, and staring torque is big, and running steadily.But owing to need load onto senser element, make the failure rate of system very high in the inside of motor, reliability relatively a little less than.People have developed another control technology with motor coil feedback electromotive force for this reason, efficiently solve insecure problem that the motor internal sensor installation causes system.But the frequency of supplying with frequency and winding owing to power supply in this technology is not a same-phase, and rotor does not turn under the specific phase windings when electric motor starting, and the probability height of step-out often reaches more than 70% when therefore starting.Under desynchronizing state, the torque of motor is very little and have irregular both forward and reverse directions to rotate, and vibrations are big, and is very big and the application of motor is restricted to motor self influence.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the embodiment of the invention is to provide a kind of permanent magnet motor, the high problem of step-out probability when the permanent magnet synchronous motor that is intended to solve prior art starts.
The embodiment of the invention is achieved in that a kind of operation method of permanent magnet motor, comprises the steps: to load position pulse, and a magnetic pole of rotor is positioned between the adjacent two-phase stator winding; The load operating pulse makes motor rotation, and the first pulse in the operation pulse loads on any one of adjacent two-phase stator winding, and the operation pulse is exported step by step according to the form of three-phase.
Another purpose of the embodiment of the invention is to provide a kind of permanent magnet motor, comprise motor that constitutes by rotor, stator and the controller of controlling motor, controller comprises: control unit before starting, be used for magnetic pole of rotor being positioned between the adjacent two-phase stator winding of stator starting forward direction motor output position pulse; The operation control unit is used for making motor rotation in back, rotor location to motor output operation pulse, and the first pulse that wherein moves pulse loads on any one of adjacent two-phase stator winding, and the operation pulse is exported step by step according to the form of three-phase.
Permanent magnet motor that the embodiment of the invention provides and operation method thereof, before startup, rotor is positioned between two phase windings, the first pulse that starts the luck horizontal pulse is carried on any one of this two phase winding, makes rotor directly from the position location rotation, and the step-out phenomenon when preventing to start takes place.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the flow chart of the permanent magnet motor operation method that provides of the embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of the permanent magnet motor that provides of the embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of the motor that provides of the embodiment of the invention.
Embodiment
In order to make purpose of the present invention, technical scheme and advantage clearer,, the present invention is further elaborated below in conjunction with drawings and Examples.Should be appreciated that specific embodiment described herein only in order to explanation the present invention, and be not used in qualification the present invention.
Permanent magnet motor that the embodiment of the invention provides and operation method thereof, by loading position pulse a magnetic pole of rotor is positioned between the adjacent two-phase stator winding, and the first pulse of the operation pulse of drive motors operation is carried on any one of adjacent two-phase stator winding, rotor is located in advance, prevent that the step-out phenomenon from taking place.
Describe the operation method of the permanent magnet motor that the embodiment of the invention provides below with reference to Fig. 1, the permanent magnet motor of the embodiment of the invention is a three-phase synchronous motor.
In step 101, send a position pulse to certain phase stator winding of the stator of permanent magnet motor, width is 0.01S-1S, and rotor is positioned under this winding, a magnetic pole of the rotor behind the location is between adjacent other two-phase stator winding;
In step 103, export one group of operation pulse, the drive motors running, wherein the first pulse of this group pulse is carried on any phase winding in the other two-phase stator winding adjacent in the step 101, this group operation pulse duration is 0.9S-0.05S, the quantity of pulse is exported step by step according to the form of three-phase between 3 to 500;
In step 105, the inverse electromotive force of acquisition motor when the running of motor arrives certain speed or motor and move the pulse of exporting in the step 103;
In step 107, inverse electromotive force is carried out the zero passage computing, signal time after the computing and phase arrangement and rotor phase are synchronous;
In step 109, turn round automatically according to the operation result drive motors in the step 107.
Describe the operation method of the permanent magnet motor that the embodiment of the invention provides in detail below with reference to the permanent magnet motor of the embodiment of the invention.
Figure 2 shows that the schematic diagram of the permanent magnet motor that the embodiment of the invention provides.As shown in Figure 2, the permanent magnet motor 10 that the embodiment of the invention provides is three-phase synchronous motor, three-phase bridge switching circuit 15 is connected with three phase windings of magneto 19 respectively, the switching manipulation of every each winding of phase of controller 11 control three-phase bridge switching circuits 15, three phase power amplifier 13 is used for the pulse of amplification controller 11 outputs, pulse after the amplification changes the order and the time of the energising of winding by each phase winding of three-phase bridge switching circuit 15 arrival stators.The feedback electromotive force that zero passage ELECTROMOTIVE FORCE FEEDBACK AND LOAD FEED circuit 17 is used for obtaining magneto 19 offers controller 11, and the operation principle of the permanent magnet motor 10 of the embodiment of the invention hereinafter will be described in detail.
Figure 3 shows that the schematic diagram of the magneto 19 that the embodiment of the invention provides.As shown in Figure 3, A is wound with winding A1 and A2 mutually respectively on the stator 191 of magneto 19, and B is wound with winding B1, B2, C mutually respectively and is wound with winding C1, C2 mutually respectively, and rotor 193 is a permanent magnet, comprises two South Pole S1, S2 and two arctic N1, N2.
Describe the operation principle of embodiment of the invention permanent magnet motor in detail below with reference to Fig. 2 and Fig. 3.
Before permanent magnet motor 10 started, magneto 19 was static fully, and the magnetic pole of rotor 193 may be parked in any one position of circumferencial direction.After controller 11 energized, control unit 110 is to pulse that width is 0.01S-1S of three phase power amplifier 13 outputs before the startup of controller 11, after carrying out processing and amplifying, three phase power amplifier 13 exports three-phase bridge switching circuit 15 to, control unit 110 sends the conducting order to three-phase bridge switching circuit 15 before the startup of controller 11 simultaneously, make three-phase bridge switching circuit 15 conducting A phase winding A1, the A phase winding A1 of magneto 19 just can be only supplied with in this pulse of three phase power amplifier 13 amplifications like this, as position pulse.As shown in Figure 3, after the A phase winding A1 of magneto 19 energising, produce magnetic field, controlled by the suction of electromagnetism, the magnetic pole N1 of the rotor 193 of magneto 19 rotates towards A phase winding A1, and finally is positioned under the A phase winding A1 location of finishing rotor 193.As shown in the figure, this moment, magnetic pole S1 located between B phase winding B1 and the C phase winding C1, it is pointed out that the winding that first pulse loaded in the pulse when C phase winding C1 also is startup.
After rotor 193 is positioned, the operation control unit 113 of controller 11 is to one group of pulse of exporting step by step according to the three-phase form of three phase power amplifier 13 outputs, pulse duration is 0.9S-0.05S, the quantity of pulse is between 3 to 500, this group pulse is after three phase power amplifier 13 amplifies, export three-phase bridge switching circuit 15 to, move control unit 113 simultaneously and send the conducting order to three-phase bridge switching circuit 15, all windings of conducting, and control three-phase bridge switching circuit 15 is conducting C phase winding C1 at first, make the first pulse of this group three-phase pulse be carried on the C phase winding C1, its after pulse can be carried on other winding of winding C1 conducting afterwards successively, with this drive motors running.
Owing to the magnetic pole S1 of rotor 193 has been positioned at the position between B phase winding B1 shown in Figure 3 and the C phase winding C1, so after winding C1 at first switched on, rotor 193 can directly turn clockwise from position shown in Figure 3, the phenomenon of step-out in the time of can not occurring starting.Certainly, rotor 193 also can be rotated counterclockwise from position shown in Figure 3, as long as operation control unit 113 changes the winding that loads first pulse, makes first pulse be carried in B phase winding B1 and upward gets final product.In like manner, first pulse is carried on B phase winding B2 or the C phase winding C2 and can realizes avoiding step-out.Owing to shifted to an earlier date the position between fixed rotor and the winding phase place, so magneto 19 can be according to the time synchronized smooth operation of pulse.
Reach 3 to 500 pulses of certain speed or 113 outputs of operation control unit when magneto 19 runnings after, zero passage arithmetic element 115 is obtained the three-phase induction electromotive force of magneto 19, and export to the zero passage arithmetic element 115 of controller 11, zero passage arithmetic element 115 is carried out the zero passage computing, signal time after the computing and phase arrangement and rotor phase are synchronous, zero passage arithmetic element 115 feeds back to operation control unit 113 with operation result then, operation control unit 113 drives magneto 19 according to operation result by control three phase power amplifier 13 and three-phase bridge switching circuit 15, make magneto 19 obtain synchronous three-phase power, realize running well automatically.
Zero passage ELECTROMOTIVE FORCE FEEDBACK AND LOAD FEED circuit 17 can adopt the higher zero passage ELECTROMOTIVE FORCE FEEDBACK AND LOAD FEED circuit of the sensitivity of prior art, near before stopping operating, still can receive the feedback electromotive force at magneto 19 reductions of speed, and magneto 19 is turned round automatically.After magneto 19 is static, need to restart running once more if having.
Permanent magnet motor that the embodiment of the invention provides and operation method thereof are by adopting the mode of position pulse, the magnetic pole of rotor is fixed between two phase windings in advance, first pulse is carried on any phase winding in this two phase winding when starting, rotor is directly rotated from the position location when starting, effectively solved the step-out problem when starting.In addition, realize because controller is a control forms by single-chip microcomputer, so hardware configuration is simple and reliable.
The above only is preferred embodiment of the present invention, not in order to restriction the present invention, all any modifications of being done within the spirit and principles in the present invention, is equal to and replaces and improvement etc., all should be included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1, a kind of operation method of permanent magnet motor is characterized in that, described method comprises the steps:
Load position pulse, a magnetic pole of rotor is positioned between the adjacent two-phase stator winding;
The load operating pulse makes motor rotation, and described operation pulse is exported step by step according to the form of three-phase, and the first pulse in the described operation pulse loads on any one of described adjacent two-phase stator winding.
2, the operation method of permanent magnet motor as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, further comprises after the load operating pulse makes motor rotation:
The inverse electromotive force of acquisition motor when motor operation arrives certain speed or motor and move described operation pulse;
Described inverse electromotive force is carried out the zero passage computing;
Automatically turn round according to the operation result drive motors.
3, the operation method of permanent magnet motor as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described permanent magnet motor is a three-phase synchronous motor, and described position pulse loads on another phase stator winding of the described two-phase stator winding of difference, and described position pulse is 0.01S-1S.
4, the operation method of permanent magnet motor as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, described operation pulse is 0.9S-0.05S, and the quantity of pulse is between 3 to 500.
5, a kind of permanent magnet motor comprises motor that is made of rotor, stator and the controller of controlling motor, it is characterized in that:
Described controller comprises:
One starts preceding control unit, is used for starting forward direction motor output position pulse magnetic pole of described rotor being positioned between the adjacent two-phase stator winding of described stator;
One operation control unit, be used for making motor rotation to described motor output operation pulse in back, described rotor location, the first pulse of wherein said operation pulse loads on any one of described adjacent two-phase stator winding, and described operation pulse is exported step by step according to the form of three-phase.
6, permanent magnet motor as claimed in claim 5, it is characterized in that, described controller further comprises a zero passage arithmetic element, described permanent magnet motor also further comprises the zero passage computing circuit, the inverse electromotive force that is used for acquisition motor when motor operation arrives certain speed or motor and move described operation pulse, and feed back to described zero passage arithmetic element and carry out computing, described zero passage arithmetic element sends to described operation control unit with operation result, by described operation control unit according to the operation result drive motors.
7, permanent magnet motor as claimed in claim 5 is characterized in that, described permanent magnet motor is a three-phase synchronous motor, and described permanent magnet motor further comprises:
One three-phase bridge switching circuit is controlled by described controller, and connects each phase winding of described stator respectively;
Control unit is loaded into described position pulse on another phase stator winding of the described two-phase stator winding of difference by controlling described three-phase bridge switching circuit before the described startup;
Described operation control unit is controlled described three-phase bridge switching circuit described first pulse is loaded on any one of described adjacent two-phase stator winding.
8, permanent magnet motor as claimed in claim 7 is characterized in that, described permanent magnet motor further comprises:
One three phase power amplifier links to each other with described three-phase bridge switching circuit with described controller respectively, is used to amplify the pulse of described controller output.
9, permanent magnet motor as claimed in claim 6 is characterized in that, described operation pulse is 0.9S-0.05S, and the quantity of pulse is between 3 to 500; Described position pulse is 0.01S-1S.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB2007100741668A CN100477480C (en) | 2007-04-28 | 2007-04-28 | Permanent-magnet electric motor and operation method thereof |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB2007100741668A CN100477480C (en) | 2007-04-28 | 2007-04-28 | Permanent-magnet electric motor and operation method thereof |
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| CN101043193A true CN101043193A (en) | 2007-09-26 |
| CN100477480C CN100477480C (en) | 2009-04-08 |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103595322A (en) * | 2013-11-20 | 2014-02-19 | 南车株洲电力机车研究所有限公司 | Method and device for starting permanent magnet synchronous motor |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| TWI727708B (en) * | 2020-03-18 | 2021-05-11 | 財團法人船舶暨海洋產業研發中心 | Rotor positioning motor and detection method per se thereof |
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- 2007-04-28 CN CNB2007100741668A patent/CN100477480C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103595322A (en) * | 2013-11-20 | 2014-02-19 | 南车株洲电力机车研究所有限公司 | Method and device for starting permanent magnet synchronous motor |
| CN103595322B (en) * | 2013-11-20 | 2016-10-19 | 南车株洲电力机车研究所有限公司 | The starting method of a kind of permagnetic synchronous motor and device |
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| CN100477480C (en) | 2009-04-08 |
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Owner name: SHENZHEN CITY LVDONG ENERGY TECHNOLOGY CO., LTD. Free format text: FORMER OWNER: BAI JINGHUI Effective date: 20090814 |
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Effective date of registration: 20090814 Address after: 518173, Jing Tian Nan 30, Shenzhen, Guangdong, Futian District Province, 402 Patentee after: Shenzhen Green Energy Technology Co., Ltd. Address before: Building 13A, Wanfeng third industrial zone, manhole town, manhole town, Shenzhen, Guangdong, Baoan District 518000 Co-patentee before: Liao Changling Patentee before: White crystal |
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Granted publication date: 20090408 Termination date: 20110428 |