CN101037175B - Weight-balancing type lifting method and equipment - Google Patents
Weight-balancing type lifting method and equipment Download PDFInfo
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- CN101037175B CN101037175B CN2006100204678A CN200610020467A CN101037175B CN 101037175 B CN101037175 B CN 101037175B CN 2006100204678 A CN2006100204678 A CN 2006100204678A CN 200610020467 A CN200610020467 A CN 200610020467A CN 101037175 B CN101037175 B CN 101037175B
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Abstract
The invention relates to a gravity balance type hoisting method and a hoisting apparatus, a gravity balance type hydraulic hoist, for hoisting heavy articles in different complicated terrains in field. The gravity balance type hydraulic hoist is composed by employing a general hydraulic hoist as the machine body, and mounting a gravity balance type hydraulic hoist and a moving counterweight on the machine body. The gravity balance type hydraulic hoist is composed of collapsible hoisting arms, hoisting arm bases, a master hydraulic winch and a slave hydraulic winch. The collapsible hoisting arms of the gravity balance type hydraulic hoist are mounted on the hoisting arm bases in a lever form, and the gravity balance type hydraulic hoist has multiple hoisting forms such as collapsible arm hoisting, balance hoisting, gantry hoisting, and tower hoisting. When hoisting a heavy article, the collapsible hoisting arms employ the balance moment balance portions of the master and slave balance hoisting arms to hoist the gravity moment of the heavy article according to the lever balance principle, thereby lowering the overturning moment of the gravity balance type hydraulic hoist body exerted by the gravity moment of the hoisted heavy article. Therefore, the invention is very suitable for use in special construction fields and special hoisting work of construction engineering of water conservancy, electric power, petrochemical industry and metallurgical industry.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of at urban construction, development of real estate, transport development, hydraulic and electric engineering, petrochemical complex, metallurgical mine construction project, Weight-balancing type lifting method and hanging device---the Weight-balancing type hydraulic crane that in special lifting scene, special lifting operation, uses, Weight-balancing type hydraulic crane arm is collapsible, has that folding arm hangs, balance crane, gauntry crane, pylon hang multiple hanging method.Therefore, this machine has value of service widely in urban construction, development of real estate, transport development, hydraulic and electric engineering, petrochemical complex, metallurgical mine construction project.
Background technology
The arm of hydraulic crane is that more piece is sleeved on telescopic hoist boom together, and arm can not fold; The suspension hook position is at the front end of arm, and has only a suspension hook; Counterweight is fixedly mounted on the rear end of hydraulic crane rotation platform, and the position can not change.Arm is installed on the rotation platform of hydraulic crane, the arm lower end is connected with the rotation platform hinge, the piston end of arm hydraulic actuating cylinder is connected with lower end hinge in the arm, the hydraulic actuating cylinder tail end is connected with the rotation platform hinge, therefore, the connection mode of arm, arm hydraulic actuating cylinder, rotation platform is the captive joint form of " semi-rigid ".
Hydraulic crane adopts " semi-rigid " captive joint, when hanging the form hoisting heavy with cantilever, the lifting moment of hydraulic crane is made of the product of the lifting arm of force and fuselage gravity: the distance between the center-of-gravity position of fuselage and the hydraulic pressure leg is the lifting arm of force, and hydraulic crane weight and counterweight weight sum are fuselage gravity.To attempt to make hydraulic crane to be in rollover conditions to gravitational moment of tumbling of hydraulic crane effect by the lifting gravitational moment that the product that lifts by crane weight arm and hoisting weight produces.The gravitational moment of this hoisting heavy makes hydraulic crane keep stable by the lifting moment institute balance that hydraulic crane has.Because the weight (comprising counterweight) of hydraulic crane is fixed, therefore, when the gravitational moment of hoisting heavy increases, have only by changing the arm elevation angle, to shorten the mode of lifting weight arm vertical length, reduce the hoisting heavy gravitational moment and prevent that hydraulic crane from tumbling.Therefore, there are a lot of weak points in use in special lifting scene, special lifting operation:
When on-the-spot narrow and small because of lifting, or when stopping because of obstacle, because the hydraulic pressure leg can not stretch out fully, the best lifting position can not be put in the lifting position, when not bringing into play maximum lifting moment; When the needs because of special mounting technology, arm must be installed the requirement of horizontal throw to satisfy workpiece with less angle over the ground lifting workpiece, initially lifts by crane gravitational moment when very big; When the workpiece very light in weight of lifting, but need the height of lifting very high, when little tonnage hydraulic crane length of boom is not enough; When the requirement because of mounting process, the lifting workpiece had both needed to keep certain height, needed the attitude that keeps certain again, when not having double-hung.In above-mentioned special lifting scene, special lifting operation, when the lifting moment of hydraulic crane is slightly less than or equals the hoisting heavy gravitational moment, lifting safety factor very young pathbreaker can not lift, and as lifting by force, will violate the hydraulic crane safety regulation for operations and causes the accident.For lifting operation safety,, all must select the large-tonnage hydraulic crane of crane capacity greater than hoisting heavy weight several times even lift the weight or the workpiece of little weight.And the large-tonnage hydraulic crane, because length and width increase, volume increases, and weight increases, and lifting moment is increased, but the driving power of hydraulic crane is increased, and energy consumption increases.Sometimes, the large-tonnage hydraulic crane can't use in special camp site at all.
Hydraulic crane adopts " semi-rigid " captive joint, supports arm by the arm hydraulic actuating cylinder, and the lifting gravitational moment all acts on the arm hydraulic actuating cylinder, promotes piston rod and moves outward when changing the arm elevation angle, needs the very hydraulic power source of High Voltage.Constitute hydraulic power source Hydraulic Elements---Hydraulic Pump, pressure-gradient control valve, flow-controlling gate, directional control valve, hydraulic actuating cylinder etc. had both needed to select the very grade of High Voltage, need very big capacity again, this will cause the hydraulic efficiency pressure system price to increase, and the hydraulic crane price is increased.
Above-mentioned reason has limited the use of hydraulic crane in special construction scene, special lifting operation of adopting prior art: in narrow and small camp site, the large-tonnage hydraulic crane is selected in the lifting of little tonnage weight or workpiece; In special lifting operation, when the lifting workpiece had both needed to keep certain height to keep certain installation attitude again, can only adopt two hydraulic cranes liftings; When hoisting weight is light, but sling height can only be used the lifting of large-tonnage hydraulic crane during than higher workpiece.Like this, both increased preparation of construction and purchased fund, the driving power of common hydraulic crane is increased, energy consumption increases.
Summary of the invention
The hydraulic crane that The present invention be directed to the employing prior art is in the lifting process, and fuselage bears very big tilting moment, unsve deficiency in special construction scene, special lifting operation.Main purpose of the present invention is: a kind of Weight-balancing type lifting method is provided, under the prerequisite of lifting identical weight, reduces tilting moment and driving power that hydraulic crane bears.Another object of the present invention is: a kind of Weight-balancing type hydraulic crane is provided, under the prerequisite that cuts down the consumption of energy, is implemented in special construction scene, the special lifting operation, lift weight easily and safely, workpiece is installed.
Above-mentioned purpose of the present invention is achieved in that Weight-balancing type lifting method utilizes the lever balance theory hoisting heavy, it is characterized in that using collapsible arm, and collapsible arm is installed on the arm seat with the lever form.
The Weight-balancing type hydraulic crane is a body with rubber-tyred or crawler type hydraulic crane, installs on turn table that Weight-balancing type hydraulic pressure hangs, portable counterweight is formed the Weight-balancing type hydraulic crane.Weight-balancing type hydraulic pressure hangs by collapsible arm, arm seat, main hydraulic wireline winch, secondary hydraulic wireline winch to be formed.Form collapsible arm by secondary arm, collapsible joint, main arm, main balance arm, secondary balance arm, hydraulic hose winding wheel; Form main balance arm by main counterbalanced weight displacement hydraulic actuating cylinder, main counterbalanced weight guide groove, main weight equalizer, lifting body; Form secondary balance arm by secondary counterbalanced weight displacement hydraulic actuating cylinder, secondary counterbalanced weight guide groove, secondary weight equalizer; Form the hydraulic hose winding wheel by pipe link, guide groove, rolling assembly pulley; By arm support, arm hydraulic actuating cylinder, the support of cranking arm, crank arm and form the arm seat; Adopt collapsible joint to be connected between main arm and the secondary arm, can change collapsible arm flexibly and lift by crane form, collapsible arm is installed on the arm seat with the lever form.Secondary hydraulic wireline winch is installed on the slip arm of main balance arm, and an end of secondary hoist line is around collapsible joint pulley, and secondary arm front end assembly pulley connects the secondary suspension hook of movable pulley.Main hydraulic wireline winch is installed on the slip arm of main balance arm, and an end of main winch cable wire connects movable pulley master suspension hook around collapsible joint pulley.Portable counterweight is made up of displacement hydraulic actuating cylinder, counterweight guide groove, counterweight.
Because collapsible arm is installed on the arm seat with the lever form, during hoisting heavy, hoisting heavy is suspended on an end of collapsible arm, and major and minor balance arm is installed in the other end of collapsible arm.During lifting, operate major and minor balance arm displacement hydraulic actuating cylinder, make major and minor weight equalizer in the major and minor counterbalanced weight guide groove progressively level release, mode with the length that increases the major and minor balance arm of force, increase the balancing torque of major and minor weight equalizer, when the balancing torque of major and minor weight equalizer during greater than the gravitational moment of hoisting heavy, weight is lifted by crane.Because changed the balance mode of hoisting heavy, the arm hydraulic actuating cylinder is just operated collapsible arm, not exclusively bears the gravitational moment of hoisting heavy, the pressure of hydraulic efficiency pressure system reduces.
Adopt technique scheme, because of having changed the balance mode of hoisting heavy, the gravitational moment of hoisting heavy does not act on the Weight-balancing type hydraulic crane fuselage substantially.Weight-balancing type hydraulic crane fuselage, only bear the weight of hoisting heavy and the weight of major and minor balance arm, do not bear up the tilting moment of lift heavy deposits yields, improved the safety of equal crane capacity, therefore, suit very much in special construction scene, special lifting operation, to use, needn't lift little weight weight with the large-tonnage hydraulic crane, save large-tonnage lifting appliance purchase commodity, reduced fuel oil consumption.Because the stressed mode of master's arm when having changed hoisting heavy, the arm hydraulic actuating cylinder not exclusively bears the gravitational moment of hoisting heavy, promotes piston rod and moves the change arm elevation angle outward, only need be than the hydraulic power source of low pressure.Constitute hydraulic power source Hydraulic Elements---Hydraulic Pump, pressure-gradient control valve, flow-controlling gate, directional control valve, hydraulic actuating cylinder etc. neither need to select the very grade of High Voltage, the hydraulic efficiency pressure system price is descended, the hydraulic crane price descends, volume reduces; The Weight-balancing type hydraulic crane has main suspension hook, secondary suspension hook, collapsible arm, and portable counterweight has multiple lifting method, has improved plant factor, has saved preparation of construction and has purchased fund, has increased the lifting safety.
Description of drawings
Specifically describe adopting embodiments of the invention below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, wherein:
Fig. 1 adopts Weight-balancing type hydraulic crane front view of the present invention.
Fig. 2 adopts Weight-balancing type hydraulic crane of the present invention to prepare the operational view of lifting.
Fig. 3 is the operational view that adopts Weight-balancing type hydraulic crane hoisting heavy of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is the operational view that adopts Weight-balancing type hydraulic crane of the present invention to lift by crane little weight weight.
Fig. 5 adopts Weight-balancing type hydraulic crane folding arm of the present invention to hang double-hung lifting method view.
Fig. 6 adopts the secondary suspension hook lifting method of Weight-balancing type hydraulic crane balance crane of the present invention view.
Fig. 7 adopts Weight-balancing type hydraulic crane pylon of the present invention to hang secondary suspension hook lifting method view.
Fig. 8 adopts Weight-balancing type hydraulic crane gauntry crane master suspension hook lifting method view of the present invention.
The specific embodiment
With embodiment Weight-balancing type lifting method of the present invention and Weight-balancing type hydraulic crane are described below.
Weight-balancing type lifting method of the present invention comprises:
A, according to the lifting operation needs, operate main hydraulic crane or secondary hydraulic wireline winch, put down main suspension hook or secondary suspension hook;
B, according to the lifting operation needs, operation arm hydraulic actuating cylinder and folding hydraulic actuating cylinder, luffing master arm becomes definite shape and position with secondary arm;
C, operation jacking hydraulic actuating cylinder, keeping main balance arm is horizontality;
D, according to the lifting operation needs, secondary balance arm is installed;
E, according to the lifting operation needs, in main suspension hook or secondary suspension hook, hang weight;
F, according to the lifting operation needs, operate major and minor balance arm displacement hydraulic actuating cylinder, make major and minor weight equalizer in the major and minor counterbalanced weight guide groove progressively level release, increase the balancing torque hoisting heavy of major and minor balance arm;
G, the main hydraulic wireline winch of operation or secondary hydraulic wireline winch, hoisting heavy is to certain altitude;
H, operation arm hydraulic actuating cylinder and folding hydraulic actuating cylinder, luffing master arm and secondary arm lift by crane the desired location with weight;
I, operation jacking hydraulic actuating cylinder, keeping main balance arm is horizontality;
J, the main hydraulic crane of operation or secondary hydraulic wireline winch are placed into the installation site with weight.
Weight-balancing type lifting method of the present invention, it is characterized in that progressively moving major and minor weight equalizer level in the major and minor counterbalanced weight guide groove releases, to increase the balancing force arm lengths mode of major and minor weight equalizer, increase the balancing torque hoisting heavy of major and minor balance arm.
The Weight-balancing type hydraulic crane is reequiped with rubber-tyred or crawler type hydraulic crane body: form Weight-balancing type hydraulic pressure by collapsible arm, arm seat, main hydraulic wireline winch, secondary hydraulic wireline winch and hang.Collapsible arm is made up of secondary arm, collapsible joint, main arm, main balance arm, secondary balance arm, hydraulic hose winding wheel; Main balance arm is made up of main counterbalanced weight displacement hydraulic actuating cylinder, main counterbalanced weight guide groove, main weight equalizer, lifting body; Secondary balance arm is made up of secondary counterbalanced weight displacement hydraulic actuating cylinder, secondary counterbalanced weight guide groove, secondary weight equalizer; The hydraulic hose winding wheel is made up of pipe link, guide groove, rolling assembly pulley; The arm seat by arm support, arm hydraulic actuating cylinder, the support of cranking arm, crank arm and form.Adopt collapsible joint to be connected between main arm and the secondary arm, can change collapsible arm flexibly and lift by crane form, main balance arm is installed in the rear end of main arm, secondary balance crane arm sling hang over main balance arm below.Portable counterweight is made up of displacement hydraulic actuating cylinder, counterweight guide groove, counterweight.With rubber-tyred or crawler type hydraulic crane is body, and installation Weight-balancing type hydraulic pressure hangs, portable counterweight is formed the Weight-balancing type hydraulic crane.
Making, assembling, the hoisting arm expansion mode of the making of the main arm of collapsible arm, assembling, hoisting arm expansion mode and former hydraulic pressure crane master arm are basic identical.Making, assembling, the hoisting arm expansion mode of secondary arm are identical with main arm, and the lifting arm sleeve of making the 2-3 joint is fitted together as secondary arm.Making, assembling, the hoisting arm expansion mode of former hydraulic pressure crane master arm, the professional and technical personnel is quite familiar to this, repeats no more.The Weight-balancing type hydraulic crane utilizes the hydraulic control system of former hydraulic pressure crane, increases commutation loop, the locking loop of secondary hydraulic wireline winch, folding hydraulic actuating cylinder, secondary hoisting arm expansion hydraulic actuating cylinder, displacement hydraulic actuating cylinder, jacking hydraulic actuating cylinder, is connected in parallel on former hydraulic circuit.Described in " engineering machinery hydraulic and hydraulic transmission ", " mechanical design handbook " literary composition, in selected commutation loop, locking loop, and behind the control element such as multiple directional control valve, the connection of its control element in hydraulic efficiency pressure system, can connect by the using method of element regulation, the professional and technical personnel is quite familiar to this, repeats no more.Only to main balance arm, secondary balance arm, arm seat, collapsible joint, lifting body, main hydraulic wireline winch, secondary hydraulic wireline winch and suspension hook connection mode, the hydraulic hose winding wheel, the making of portable counterweight, installation and function specify.
Above the 1st joint arm (basic arm) of main arm, weld two guiding steel plates of processing the guiding elongated slot, the outside welding of guiding steel plate is higher than guiding steel plate height two-fold cable wire supporting bracket.At the 1st joint arm front end, the guiding two edges of plate is welded folding hydraulic actuating cylinder oil inlet pipe union, secondary hoisting arm expansion hydraulic actuating cylinder oil inlet pipe union, a total oil returning pipe joint successively.Three adaptor unions connect three oil pipes to the, 1 joint arm rear end respectively to be fixed, and the fixed end of these three oil pipes is connected to multiple directional control valve with hydraulic hose respectively.The 1st joint arm of main arm is prolonged,, the arm hinge axis is installed, and strengthen with strengthening gusset with welding method in the two sides of prolongation place.The long guide groove that two sides, the top processing raising plate of prolongation moves, the short guide groove of the facial processing in the both sides, bottom of prolongation and the sliding block joint of cranking arm; Above the 2nd joint arm front end of main arm, the tapped bore of installation and processing hydraulic hose winding wheel pipe link; The 3rd joint arm front end both sides processing of main arm: arc guide groove, with the pan and the retaining thread hole of folding hydraulic actuating cylinder end joint connection, the advancing of the folding hydraulic actuating cylinder of welded and installed, oil drain tube joint, main lifting hook pulley axle mounting hole; The pan of the both sides processing of arm front end bottom and secondary arm the 1st joint arm (basic arm) rear end hinge.
The mounting hole of the 1st joint arm rear end lower installation and processing sheave shaft of secondary arm, upper rear end both sides processing pan.Process the mounting hole of the secondary suspension hook of movable pulley at the 3rd joint arm front end of secondary arm.The 3rd joint arm front end auxiliary pulley group axle head machining screw at secondary arm, bearing adopts steel plate to make, two triangle steel plates are welded on base plate, processing and the hinged hole of auxiliary pulley group axle head on two triangle steel plates, and bearing is installed in back nut and locking plate anchor shaft on the auxiliary pulley group axle head.
Collapsible joint is made up of connection pulley, folding hydraulic actuating cylinder, the axis of guide, connecting panel, guide groove plate.Folding hydraulic actuating cylinder is contained in the 3rd joint arm front end of main arm, and folding hydraulic actuating cylinder tail end and the 3rd saves the hinge seat hinge of installing on the arm and is connected, and folding hydraulic cylinder piston rod is connected as hinge with the hinge that install secondary arm the 1st joint arm rear end.Main arm the 3rd joint arm front end bottom processing pan, secondary arm the 1st joint arm rear end lower processing pan, main arm the 3rd joint arm front end is connected with the hinge axis hinge with secondary arm the 1st joint arm rear end, pins hinge axis with screw.
Main balance arm is made up of displacement hydraulic actuating cylinder, main counterbalanced weight guide groove, main weight equalizer group, lifting body.Main counterbalanced weight guide groove adopts the square section steel manufacture, and at two sides, rear end welded and installed hinge axle bed, main balance arm is connected with the rear end hinge of main arm.The displacement hydraulic actuating cylinder is installed in the main counterbalanced weight guide groove, and the tail end of displacement hydraulic actuating cylinder and an end hinge of counterbalanced weight guide groove are connected, and pin with gland.Main weight equalizer group is made up of weight equalizer and travelling arm, and travelling arm also is the square-section, is connected with weight equalizer with bolt.Travelling arm inserts in the counterbalanced weight guide groove, and the piston rod head end of displacement hydraulic actuating cylinder is connected with travelling arm front end hinge, pins with gland.Upright steel plate is installed on the travelling arm in guide groove, is stretched out, hydraulic wireline winch is installed.Lifting body is made up of jacking hydraulic actuating cylinder, raising plate.Raising plate adopts steel plate to make, and cuts and is shaped as "T"-shaped.The jacking hydraulic actuating cylinder is installed in the main arm, and the tail end of jacking hydraulic actuating cylinder is connected with main arm hinge, the jacking hydraulic cylinder piston rod head end axis of guide of packing into, and axis of guide two ends are installed plain bearing and are packed in the long guide groove of main arm the 1st joint arm upper rear end.The two ends of the axis of guide are connected with an end hinge of two raising plates respectively, and the other end of two raising plates is connected with the hinge seat hinge of main counterbalanced weight guide groove two sides respectively.
Secondary balance arm is made up of displacement hydraulic actuating cylinder, secondary counterbalanced weight guide groove, secondary weight equalizer group.Secondary counterbalanced weight guide groove adopts the rectangle section steel manufacture, and at the middle part, two sides, rear end welded and installed hinge axle bed, secondary balance arm is connected with the rear end hinge of main arm, is connected with the middle part hinge of main balance arm.The displacement hydraulic actuating cylinder is installed in the secondary counterbalanced weight guide groove, and the tail end of displacement hydraulic actuating cylinder and an end hinge of counterbalanced weight guide groove are connected, and pin with gland.Secondary weight equalizer group is made up of weight equalizer and travelling arm, and travelling arm also is the square-section, is connected with weight equalizer with bolt.Travelling arm inserts in the counterbalanced weight guide groove, and the piston rod head end of displacement hydraulic actuating cylinder is connected with travelling arm front end hinge, pins with gland.
The arm seat by arm support, arm hydraulic actuating cylinder, the support of cranking arm, crank arm and form.The arm support is made of steel plate, and top processes the pan seat that main arm hinge axis is installed, and the pan seat separates at split, bolt up.The support of cranking arm is made of steel plate, the arc guide groove that processing is cranked arm and rotated.Crank arm and make of steel plate, cross sectional shape is "T"-shaped, and two arms of cranking arm are 90 degree angles.The processing of one end and the hinged pan of the arm hydraulic cylinder piston rod head end axis of guide of cranking arm, the other end installation and the contacted axis of guide of the short guide groove of main arm rear end lower, crank arm the middle part processing and the stand hinge bonded assembly pan of cranking arm.
The hydraulic hose winding wheel is made up of pipe link, guide groove, rolling assembly pulley.One end of pipe link is fixed on the front end of main arm the 2nd joint arm, and the other end connects assembly pulley, and the turning cylinder of assembly pulley is packed in the guiding elongated slot that main arm the 1st joint arm processes above.One end of hydraulic hose is connected with the front end oil connector of main arm the 1st joint, and the other end of hydraulic hose is connected with the oil connector of main arm the 3rd joint arm front end behind the rolling assembly pulley.Main arm the 2nd joint arm stretches out, and pipe link drives assembly pulley and moves, and hydraulic hose moves with stretching out with inverted U-shaped of main arm the 3rd joint arm.
Portable counterweight is made up of displacement hydraulic actuating cylinder, counterweight guide groove, weight set.The counterweight guide groove supports the rear end that is installed in turn table with the section steel manufacture with square-section with shaped steel.The displacement hydraulic actuating cylinder is installed in the guide groove, and the tail end of displacement hydraulic actuating cylinder and an end hinge of counterweight guide groove are connected, and pin with gland.Weight set is made up of counterweight and travelling arm, and travelling arm also is the square-section, is connected with counterweight with bolt.Travelling arm inserts in the counterweight guide groove, and the travelling arm front end is connected with the piston rod head end hinge of displacement hydraulic actuating cylinder, pins with gland.During hoisting heavy, operation displacement hydraulic actuating cylinder, travelling arm stretches out in the counterweight guide groove, and counterweight is released by level increases lifting moment.
Arm hydraulic actuating cylinder, contraction hydraulic actuating cylinder, jacking hydraulic actuating cylinder, displacement hydraulic actuating cylinder, folding hydraulic actuating cylinder, main hydraulic wireline winch, secondary hydraulic wireline winch are selected the Hydraulic Elements that meet national standard for use.Hydraulic wireline winch also can be made up of HM Hydraulic Motor, worm reducer, winch spool, winch spool support, and winch spool is bearing on the winch spool support, and HM Hydraulic Motor connects the worm reducer input shaft, and the worm reducer output shaft connects winch spool, and the lifting cable wire is wrapped on the winch spool.
The assembling that large-tonnage Weight-balancing type hydraulic pressure hangs: secondary arm connects into collapsible arm by collapsible joint and main arm, one end of three hydraulic hoses is connected respectively with the front end oil connector of main arm the 1st joint, the other end of hydraulic hose is connected respectively with the oil connector of main arm the 3rd joint arm front end behind the rolling assembly pulley, an oil connector connects folding hydraulic actuating cylinder oil inlet, an oil connector auxiliary connection hoisting arm expansion hydraulic actuating cylinder oil inlet, the folding hydraulic actuating cylinder oil discharge outlet of hydraulic hose, secondary hoisting arm expansion hydraulic actuating cylinder oil discharge outlet are shared.The mounting hole hinge is installed on the hinge axis of main arm prolongation place both sides and the arm seat, two of arm seat is cranked arm and is installed in respectively on the support of cranking arm, in the short guide groove in main arm rear end lower both sides the axis of guide is installed, the two ends of the axis of guide are connected with two end hinge axis of cranking arm respectively, two other ends of cranking arm are connected with arm hydraulic cylinder piston rod head end axis of guide hinge, and the axis of guide is packed into and cranked arm in the arc guide groove on the support.Main balance arm is installed on the main arm, secondary balance crane arm sling hang over main balance arm below.Main hydraulic wireline winch is installed on the slip arm of main balance arm, and an end of hoist line is around main arm front end leading sheave, and the fixed pulley of collapsible joint, main arm the 3rd save the front end assembly pulley and connect movable pulley master suspension hook.Secondary hydraulic wireline winch is installed on the slip arm of main balance arm, and an end of hoist line is around main arm front end leading sheave, and the fixed pulley of collapsible joint, secondary arm the 3rd save the front end assembly pulley and connect the secondary suspension hook of movable pulley.
The assembling that the Weight-balancing type hydraulic pressure of little tonnage hangs: secondary arm connects into collapsible arm by collapsible joint and main arm, one end of three hydraulic hoses is connected respectively with the front end oil connector of main arm the 1st joint, an oil connector connects folding hydraulic actuating cylinder oil inlet, an oil connector auxiliary connection hoisting arm expansion hydraulic actuating cylinder oil inlet, the folding hydraulic actuating cylinder oil discharge outlet of hydraulic hose, secondary hoisting arm expansion hydraulic actuating cylinder oil discharge outlet are shared.The mounting hole hinge is installed on hinge axis on the main arm and the arm seat, and main arm prolongation place bottom guide groove is connected with arm hydraulic cylinder piston rod hinge.Main balance arm is installed on the main arm, secondary balance crane arm sling hang over main balance arm below, main hydraulic wireline winch is installed on the slip arm of main balance arm, one end of hoist line is around main arm front end leading sheave, the fixed pulley of collapsible joint, main arm the 3rd joint front end assembly pulley connects movable pulley master suspension hook.Secondary hydraulic wireline winch is installed on the slip arm of main balance arm, and an end of hoist line is around main arm front end leading sheave, and the fixed pulley of collapsible joint, secondary arm the 3rd save the front end assembly pulley and connect the secondary suspension hook of movable pulley.
With rubber-tyred, crawler type hydraulic crane is body, and arm seat, the portable counterweight that Weight-balancing type hydraulic pressure hangs is installed on rotation platform, and the arm hydraulic actuating cylinder tail end that Weight-balancing type hydraulic pressure hangs is connected with the rotation platform hinge.Arm hydraulic actuating cylinder, main hydraulic wireline winch, main hoisting arm expansion hydraulic actuating cylinder connect the cooresponding hydraulic control circuit of hydraulic crane respectively, and folding hydraulic actuating cylinder, displacement hydraulic actuating cylinder, secondary hoisting arm expansion hydraulic actuating cylinder, jacking hydraulic actuating cylinder, secondary hydraulic wireline winch connect newly-increased separately hydraulic control circuit respectively and be assembled into the Weight-balancing type hydraulic crane.
During Weight-balancing type hydraulic crane hoisting heavy, the action of gravity of hoisting heavy is at an end of collapsible arm, the balancing gravity of major and minor balance arm acts on the other end of collapsible arm, increase major and minor counterbalance moment by the position of progressively moving major and minor balance arm weight, make the collapsible arm state that tends to balance.The arm hydraulic actuating cylinder is to collapsible arm operation control, and when the heavy weight weight of lifting, additional part is lifted by crane moment.Therefore, the Weight-balancing type hydraulic crane is with the operation of common lifting method hoisting heavy, and is the same substantially with the lifting operation of common hydraulic crane:
1, operation arm hydraulic actuating cylinder plays collapsible arm and is raised to the lifting angle, and operation jacking hydraulic actuating cylinder remains on horizontality with major and minor balance arm jack-up.
2, main hydraulic wireline winch of operation or secondary hydraulic wireline winch lift by crane predetermined altitude with weight.
In above-mentioned lifting operation and since the weight torque balance of major and minor balance arm partly lift by crane gravitational moment, the thrust of the collapsible arm of arm cylinder pushes reduces, hydraulic system pressure reduces.
The Weight-balancing type hydraulic crane adopts the Weight-balancing type lifting method hoisting heavy in special lifting scene, special lifting operation, undertaken by following operation:
1, the lifting new field of technical activity: beamhouse operation is operated the arm hydraulic actuating cylinder as shown in Figure 2, and collapsible arm rises and is raised to the lifting angle, operation jacking hydraulic actuating cylinder, and raising plate remains on horizontality with major and minor balance arm jack-up.Operate main hydraulic wireline winch, put down main suspension hook, weight is suspended on the main suspension hook;
2, the weight lifting stage: the lifting operation is operated main hydraulic wireline winch hoisting heavy as shown in Figure 3, and weight built on stilts moment, an end of collapsible arm bears the lifting gravitational moment that weight produces, and collapsible arm is rotated to a direction; At this moment, operate portable major and minor balance arm displacement hydraulic actuating cylinder, with the major and minor counterbalanced weight of movable type in the balance arm guide groove progressively level release, be installed in main hydraulic wireline winch on the balance arm, secondary hydraulic wireline winch also along with progressively level release, to increase the mode of balancing force arm lengths, increase the counterbalance moment that counterbalanced weight produces, make collapsible arm to another direction rotation.When counterbalance moment and lifting weight torque balance, collapsible arm remains on original position, and weight is lifted by crane.The weight of lifting shown in Figure 3 is heavier, and major and minor balance arm is all released certain position lifting.The weight of lifting shown in Figure 4 is low weight, is that main balance arm is released certain position lifting.
3, weight hangs high-stage: after counterbalance moment balance lifting gravitational moment, continue the main hydraulic wireline winch of operation weight is lifted by crane predetermined altitude.
In above-mentioned lifting operation and since the weight torque balance of major and minor balance arm most of lifting gravitational moment, the thrust of the collapsible arm of arm cylinder pushes is littler, hydraulic system pressure more reduces.
The Weight-balancing type hydraulic crane is used the lever balance theory hoisting heavy, and the gravitational moment of hoisting heavy does not act on the fuselage of Weight-balancing type hydraulic crane substantially, and fuselage does not bear tilting moment substantially.Therefore, suit very much in urban construction, development of real estate, transport development, hydraulic and electric engineering, petrochemical complex, metallurgical mine construction project special construction scene, special lifting operation, to use.At this moment, multiple lifting mode and operating mode are arranged:
1, the collapsible major and minor suspension hook lifting method of little weight
As shown in Figure 5, intercept because of landform, obstacle or during the needing of mounting process, secondary arm produces certain angle, weight hangs on the secondary suspension hook, the folding hydraulic actuating cylinder of operation, secondary HM Hydraulic Motor change-over valve hang the mode hoisting heavy with folding arm, can satisfy the requirement of horizontal mounting distance; Or workpiece hung on main suspension hook, secondary suspension hook hangs the auxiliary lifting of an end of workpiece.Operate main hydraulic wireline winch or arm hydraulic actuating cylinder, the workpiece of lifting is made vertical lift; The folding hydraulic actuating cylinder of operation, the workpiece of lifting is made parallel motion; Operate secondary hydraulic wireline winch, adjust the installation attitude of lifting workpiece; Operation turn table change-over valve makes the workpiece rotation of lifting.
2, little weight balancing hangs secondary suspension hook lifting method
As shown in Figure 6, because of the needs of mounting process, the workpiece of little weight need be lifted by crane very high height, the folding secondary arm of operation becomes the angle of 180 degree with main arm.Workpiece hangs on secondary suspension hook, operates secondary hydraulic wireline winch, arm hydraulic actuating cylinder, and the workpiece of lifting is made vertical lift; Operate main arm, secondary arm contraction hydraulic actuating cylinder, the workpiece of lifting is made vertical, parallel motion; Operation turn table change-over valve makes the workpiece rotation of lifting.
3, medium wt balance crane master suspension hook lifting method
The needs of mounting process need lift by crane the workpiece of medium wt higher height, and the folding secondary arm of operation becomes the angle of 180 degree with main arm.Workpiece hangs on main suspension hook, operates main hydraulic wireline winch or arm hydraulic actuating cylinder change-over valve, and the workpiece of lifting is made vertical lift; Operate main arm and shrink hydraulic actuating cylinder, the workpiece of lifting is made parallel motion, and operation turn table change-over valve makes the workpiece rotation of lifting.
4, little weight pylon hangs secondary suspension hook lifting method
As shown in Figure 7,, the workpiece of little weight need be lifted by crane very high height because of the needs of mounting process, operation arm hydraulic actuating cylinder, the main arm of collapsible arm works the angle that is raised near 90 degree, and the folding hydraulic actuating cylinder of operation makes secondary arm become an angle of 90 degrees degree with main arm.Workpiece hangs on secondary suspension hook, operates secondary hydraulic wireline winch change-over valve, and the workpiece of lifting is made vertical lift; Operate secondary arm and shrink hydraulic actuating cylinder, the workpiece of lifting is made parallel motion; Operation turn table change-over valve makes the workpiece rotation of lifting.
5, especially big weight gauntry crane master suspension hook lifting method
As shown in Figure 8, lift by crane especially big weight, operation turn table change-over valve makes platform rotate to the lifting position, and the folding hydraulic actuating cylinder change-over valve of operation makes secondary arm be supported on ground, as a fulcrum.Main arm and secondary arm become folding " gauntry crane " form.Weight hangs on the main suspension hook, operates main hydraulic wireline winch change-over valve hoisting heavy.The main arm of operation, secondary hoisting arm expansion hydraulic actuating cylinder change-over valve behind the hoisting heavy shorten main arm, secondary arm, and the weight gravitational moment diminishes gradually; After lifting moment was greater than the weight gravitational moment, the folding hydraulic actuating cylinder change-over valve of operation made secondary arm built on stilts.At this moment, operate the platform change-over valve that reverses and make the hoisting heavy rotation." gauntry crane " lifting form has changed force way, only main arm, secondary arm is produced pressure and smaller moment of flexure, does not lift by crane moment balancing gravity moment problem, and equal crane capacity increases greatly.
Above-described only is to adopt the principle of the invention, and various in the open air complex-terrains use the Weight-balancing type lifting method of Weight-balancing type crane lifting weight and common hydraulic crane are adapted as the optimization embodiment of Weight-balancing type hydraulic crane.Should be pointed out that for a person skilled in the art, under the prerequisite that does not break away from the principle of the invention, can also make some modification and improvement,, also should be considered as belonging to protection scope of the present invention so that develop other product.
Claims (10)
1. Weight-balancing type lifting method is characterized in that described Weight-balancing type lifting method comprises:
A, according to the lifting operation needs, operate main hydraulic crane or secondary hydraulic wireline winch, put down main suspension hook or secondary suspension hook;
B, according to the lifting operation needs, operation arm hydraulic actuating cylinder and folding hydraulic actuating cylinder, luffing master arm becomes definite shape and position with secondary arm;
C, operation jacking hydraulic actuating cylinder, keeping main balance arm is horizontality;
D, according to the lifting operation needs, secondary balance arm is installed;
E, according to the lifting operation needs, in main suspension hook or secondary suspension hook, hang weight;
F, according to the lifting operation needs, operate major and minor balance arm displacement hydraulic actuating cylinder, make major and minor weight equalizer in the major and minor counterbalanced weight guide groove progressively level release;
G, the main hydraulic wireline winch of operation or secondary hydraulic wireline winch, hoisting heavy is to certain altitude;
H, operation arm hydraulic actuating cylinder and folding hydraulic actuating cylinder, luffing master arm and secondary arm lift by crane the desired location with weight;
I, operation jacking hydraulic actuating cylinder, keeping major and minor balance arm is horizontality;
J, the main hydraulic crane of operation or secondary hydraulic wireline winch are placed into the installation site with weight.
2. Weight-balancing type hydraulic crane of realizing Weight-balancing type lifting method as claimed in claim 1, described Weight-balancing type hydraulic crane comprises rubber-tyred or crawler type hydraulic crane body, it is characterized in that having installed that Weight-balancing type hydraulic pressure hangs, portable counterweight; Weight-balancing type hydraulic pressure hangs by collapsible arm, arm seat, main hydraulic wireline winch, secondary hydraulic wireline winch to be formed; With rubber-tyred or crawler type hydraulic crane is body, and arm seat, the portable counterweight that Weight-balancing type hydraulic pressure hangs is installed on rotation platform; Collapsible arm is installed on the arm seat with the lever form, and the arm hydraulic actuating cylinder tail end of collapsible arm is connected with the rotation platform hinge; Secondary hydraulic wireline winch is installed on the slip arm of main balance arm, and an end of secondary hoist line is around collapsible joint pulley, and secondary arm front end assembly pulley connects the secondary suspension hook of movable pulley; Main hydraulic wireline winch is installed on the slip arm of main balance arm, and an end of main winch cable wire connects movable pulley master suspension hook around collapsible joint pulley.
3. Weight-balancing type hydraulic crane as claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that the collapsible arm that Weight-balancing type hydraulic pressure hangs is made up of secondary arm, collapsible joint, main arm, main balance arm, secondary balance arm, hydraulic hose winding wheel, adopt collapsible joint to be connected between main arm and the secondary arm; On the 1st joint arm of main arm, weld two guiding steel plates of processing the guiding elongated slot, the outside welding of guiding steel plate is higher than guiding steel plate height two-fold cable wire supporting bracket; At the 1st joint arm front end, the guiding two edges of plate is welded folding hydraulic actuating cylinder oil inlet pipe union successively, secondary hoisting arm expansion hydraulic actuating cylinder oil inlet pipe union, a total oil returning pipe joint, three adaptor unions connect three oil pipes to the, 1 joint arm rear end respectively to be fixed, and the fixed end of these three oil pipes is connected to multiple directional control valve with hydraulic hose respectively; The 1st joint arm of main arm is prolonged, at the two sides of prolongation place welding arm hinge axis, the long guide groove that two sides, the top processing raising plate of prolongation moves, both sides, the bottom face processing of prolongation and the short guide groove of the sliding block joint of cranking arm; Above the 2nd joint arm front end of main arm, the tapped bore of installation and processing hydraulic hose winding wheel pipe link; The 3rd joint arm front end both sides of main arm are installed and are folded the hinged hinge seat of hydraulic actuating cylinder tail end, and the advancing of the folding hydraulic actuating cylinder of welded and installed, oil drain tube joint are processed main lifting hook pulley axle mounting hole; The pan of the both sides processing of arm front end bottom and secondary arm the 1st joint arm rear end hinge.
4. Weight-balancing type hydraulic crane as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that the mounting hole of the 1st joint arm rear end lower installation and processing sheave shaft of the secondary arm of the collapsible arm that Weight-balancing type hydraulic pressure hangs, upper rear end both sides processing pan; The mounting hole of the secondary suspension hook of the 3rd joint arm front end processing movable pulley of secondary arm, the 3rd joint arm front end auxiliary pulley group axle head machining screw of secondary arm, bearing adopts steel plate to make, two triangle steel plates are welded on base plate, processing and the hinged hole of auxiliary pulley group axle head on two triangle steel plates, bearing are installed in back nut and locking plate anchor shaft on the auxiliary pulley group axle head.
5. Weight-balancing type hydraulic crane as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that the collapsible joint of the collapsible arm that Weight-balancing type hydraulic pressure hangs is made up of connection pulley, folding hydraulic actuating cylinder, the axis of guide, connecting panel, guide groove plate; Folding hydraulic actuating cylinder is contained in the 3rd joint arm front end of main arm, and folding hydraulic actuating cylinder tail end and the 3rd saves the hinge seat hinge of installing on the arm and is connected, and folding hydraulic cylinder piston rod is connected as hinge with the hinge that install secondary arm the 1st joint arm rear end; Main arm the 3rd joint arm front end bottom processing pan, secondary arm the 1st joint arm rear end lower processing pan, main arm the 3rd joint arm front end is connected with the hinge axis hinge with secondary arm the 1st joint arm rear end, pins hinge axis with screw.
6. Weight-balancing type hydraulic crane as claimed in claim 2, the main balance arm that it is characterized in that the collapsible arm that Weight-balancing type hydraulic pressure hangs is made up of displacement hydraulic actuating cylinder, main counterbalanced weight guide groove, main weight equalizer group, lifting body, main counterbalanced weight guide groove adopts the rectangle section steel manufacture, at two sides, rear end welded and installed hinge axle bed, main balance arm is connected with the rear end hinge of main arm; The displacement hydraulic actuating cylinder is installed in the main counterbalanced weight guide groove, and the tail end of displacement hydraulic actuating cylinder and an end hinge of counterbalanced weight guide groove are connected, and pin with gland; Main weight equalizer group is made up of weight equalizer and travelling arm, travelling arm also is the square-section, be connected with weight equalizer with bolt, travelling arm inserts in the counterbalanced weight guide groove, the piston rod head end of displacement hydraulic actuating cylinder is connected with travelling arm front end hinge, pin with gland, upright steel plate is installed on the travelling arm in guide groove, is stretched out, hydraulic wireline winch is installed; Lifting body is made up of jacking hydraulic actuating cylinder, raising plate, raising plate adopts steel plate to make, cross sectional shape is "T"-shaped, the jacking hydraulic actuating cylinder is installed in the main arm, the tail end of jacking hydraulic actuating cylinder is connected with main arm hinge, the jacking hydraulic cylinder piston rod head end axis of guide of packing into, axis of guide two ends are installed plain bearing and are packed in the long guide groove of main arm the 1st joint arm upper rear end, the two ends of the axis of guide are connected with an end hinge of two raising plates respectively, and the other end of two raising plates is connected with the hinge seat hinge of main counterbalanced weight guide groove two sides respectively.
7. Weight-balancing type hydraulic crane as claimed in claim 2, the secondary balance arm that it is characterized in that the collapsible arm that Weight-balancing type hydraulic pressure hangs is made up of displacement hydraulic actuating cylinder, secondary counterbalanced weight guide groove, secondary weight equalizer group, secondary counterbalanced weight guide groove adopts the rectangle section steel manufacture, at the middle part, two sides, rear end welded and installed hinge axle bed, secondary balance arm is connected with the rear end hinge of main arm, is connected with the middle part hinge of main balance arm; The displacement hydraulic actuating cylinder is installed in the secondary counterbalanced weight guide groove, the tail end of displacement hydraulic actuating cylinder and an end hinge of counterbalanced weight guide groove are connected, pin with gland, secondary weight equalizer group is made up of weight equalizer and travelling arm, travelling arm also is the square-section, is connected with weight equalizer with bolt, and travelling arm inserts in the counterbalanced weight guide groove, the piston rod head end of displacement hydraulic actuating cylinder is connected with travelling arm front end hinge, pins with gland.
8. Weight-balancing type hydraulic crane as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that the hydraulic hose winding wheel of the collapsible arm that Weight-balancing type hydraulic pressure hangs is made up of pipe link, guide groove, rolling assembly pulley; One end of pipe link is fixed on the front end of main arm the 2nd joint arm, the other end connects assembly pulley, the turning cylinder of assembly pulley is packed in the guiding elongated slot that main arm the 1st joint arm processes above, one end of hydraulic hose is connected with the front end oil connector of main arm the 1st joint, and the other end of hydraulic hose is connected with the oil connector of main arm the 3rd joint arm front end behind the rolling assembly pulley.
9. Weight-balancing type hydraulic crane as claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that arm seat that Weight-balancing type hydraulic pressure hangs by arm support, arm hydraulic actuating cylinder, the support of cranking arm, crank arm and form; The arm support adopts steel plate to make, top processes the pan seat that main arm hinge axis is installed, the pan seat separates at split, bolt up, the support of cranking arm adopts steel plate to make, the arc guide groove that processing is cranked arm and rotated on the plate, crank arm and adopt steel plate to make, cross sectional shape is "T"-shaped, two arms of cranking arm are 90 degree angles, the processing of one end and the hinged pan of the arm hydraulic cylinder piston rod head end axis of guide of cranking arm, the other end installation and the contacted axis of guide of the short guide groove of main arm rear end lower, crank arm the middle part processing and the stand hinge bonded assembly pan of cranking arm.
10. Weight-balancing type hydraulic crane as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that portable counterweight is made up of displacement hydraulic actuating cylinder, counterweight guide groove, weight set; The counterweight guide groove adopts the section steel manufacture of square-section, support the rear end that is installed in turn table with shaped steel, the displacement hydraulic actuating cylinder is installed in the guide groove, and the tail end of displacement hydraulic actuating cylinder and an end hinge of counterweight guide groove are connected, and pin with gland, weight set is made up of counterweight and travelling arm, travelling arm also is the square-section, is connected with counterweight with bolt, and travelling arm inserts in the counterweight guide groove, the travelling arm front end is connected with the piston rod head end hinge of displacement hydraulic actuating cylinder, pins with gland.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2006100204678A CN101037175B (en) | 2006-03-13 | 2006-03-13 | Weight-balancing type lifting method and equipment |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2006100204678A CN101037175B (en) | 2006-03-13 | 2006-03-13 | Weight-balancing type lifting method and equipment |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN101037175A CN101037175A (en) | 2007-09-19 |
| CN101037175B true CN101037175B (en) | 2011-10-05 |
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| CN2006100204678A Expired - Fee Related CN101037175B (en) | 2006-03-13 | 2006-03-13 | Weight-balancing type lifting method and equipment |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN109650304A (en) * | 2018-12-14 | 2019-04-19 | 中联重科股份有限公司 | Multi-operation curve switching method and system and aerial operation equipment |
| CN112193586B (en) * | 2020-10-13 | 2021-09-21 | 南京联空智能增材研究院有限公司 | Material rack facilitating material storage and material storage method |
| CN117550487B (en) * | 2024-01-12 | 2024-03-19 | 江苏澳构矿业科技股份有限公司 | Mining crane balance detection equipment |
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| CN2123860U (en) * | 1992-05-12 | 1992-12-09 | 天津市公用事业科学技术研究所 | Hydraulic hoist type mechanical branching vehicle |
| CN2131843Y (en) * | 1992-05-18 | 1993-05-05 | 金泰焕 | Portable jib crane |
| CN2310790Y (en) * | 1995-10-11 | 1999-03-17 | 段国忠 | Three-coordinates hydraulic static pile placing machine |
| CN2366394Y (en) * | 1999-04-23 | 2000-03-01 | 烟台开发区首钢耐磨机件制修有限公司 | Miniature and section-to-section movement type crane |
| CN1493517A (en) * | 2002-10-29 | 2004-05-05 | 炯 陈 | Pipe suspension transferring machine |
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2006
- 2006-03-13 CN CN2006100204678A patent/CN101037175B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN2123860U (en) * | 1992-05-12 | 1992-12-09 | 天津市公用事业科学技术研究所 | Hydraulic hoist type mechanical branching vehicle |
| CN2131843Y (en) * | 1992-05-18 | 1993-05-05 | 金泰焕 | Portable jib crane |
| CN2310790Y (en) * | 1995-10-11 | 1999-03-17 | 段国忠 | Three-coordinates hydraulic static pile placing machine |
| CN2366394Y (en) * | 1999-04-23 | 2000-03-01 | 烟台开发区首钢耐磨机件制修有限公司 | Miniature and section-to-section movement type crane |
| CN1493517A (en) * | 2002-10-29 | 2004-05-05 | 炯 陈 | Pipe suspension transferring machine |
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| CN101037175A (en) | 2007-09-19 |
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