CN101035995A - Self-aligning roller bearing with retainer and method of manufacturing the retainer for the self-aligning roller bearing - Google Patents

Self-aligning roller bearing with retainer and method of manufacturing the retainer for the self-aligning roller bearing Download PDF

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CN101035995A
CN101035995A CN 200580025085 CN200580025085A CN101035995A CN 101035995 A CN101035995 A CN 101035995A CN 200580025085 CN200580025085 CN 200580025085 CN 200580025085 A CN200580025085 A CN 200580025085A CN 101035995 A CN101035995 A CN 101035995A
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China
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retainer
mentioned
spherical roller
self
post portion
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CN100489328C (en
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村井隆司
田中利幸
市丸雅丈
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NSK Ltd
NSK Steering Systems Co Ltd
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NSK Ltd
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Abstract

There is realized a self-aligning roller bearing with retainer that stabilizes the orientation of spherical rollers and prevents these spherical rollers from skewing, and which can be rotated at high speed, and furthermore which enables efficient lubricant feed into pockets 9. By rotating a turning tool 14 as it revolves, the surfaces on both sides in the circumferential direction of respective column sections are processed into concave curved surfaces that oppose a rolling surface of the respective spherical rollers across a pocket clearance into which lubricant oil can be fed. The length of the column sections 8c is less than the length in the axial direction of the spherical rollers, and greater than a half of the length, and an end portion of the side surface in the circumferential direction of the respective column sections 8c projects further in the circumferential direction than an intermediate portion thereof, and the spherical rollers are embraced in the pockets 9.A self-aligning roller bearing with a retainer enabling high speed operation by stabilizing the attitude of barrel shaped rollers to prevent the barrel shaped rollers from being skewed and the efficient feeding of a lubricant into pockets (9) and a method of manufacturing the retainer for the self-aligning roller bearing. In the self-aligning roller bearing, the both side faces of each column part (8c) in the circumferential direction are machined to recessed curved faces facing the rolling surface of each barrel shaped roller through pocket clearances allowing the lubricant to feed thereto with a cutting tool (14) revolving while rotating on its axis. Also, the length of each column part (8c) is set equal to or less than the axial length of each barrel shaped roller and more than the half of the axial length thereof, the side face tip portion of each column part (8c) in the circumferential direction are projected from the intermediate portion thereof in the circumferential direction.

Description

The self-aligning roller bearing of band retainer and the self-aligning roller bearing manufacture method of retainer
Technical field
The self-aligning roller bearing of band retainer of the present invention for example for running shaft being bearing in the inboard of housing, uses with the state on the rotary supporting part of cylinder of the various industrial machine devices such as roller mill that are assembled in papermaking equipment, metal etc.
Background technique
For example, for the axle free rotary ground supporting that weight is bigger in the inboard of housing, use spy for example to open the self-aligning roller bearing that flat 9-317760 communique (patent documentation 1) and model utility are registered the described band retainer of No. 2524932 communique (patent documentation 2) at present.Figure 16 to Figure 19 is illustrated in first example of the existing structure described in the patent documentation 1.The self-aligning roller bearing of this band retainer freedom between outer ring 1 of making up with one heart mutually and inner ring 2 is rollably arranged a plurality of spherical rollers 3.And, the posture and the position of limiting these spherical rollers 3 by retainer 4.
Form the outer race track 5 of spherical concave surface with single center at the inner peripheral surface of above-mentioned outer ring 1.And, form respectively a pair of inner race track 6 relative with above-mentioned outer race track 5 in the both sides of the width direction (left and right directions of Figure 17) of the outer circumferential face of inner ring 2.And, above-mentioned a plurality of spherical roller 3 be positioned at its maximum diameter portion each spherical roller 3 axle direction length central part symmetric figure (beer is barrel-shaped), between above-mentioned outer race track 5 and above-mentioned a pair of inner race track 6, be divided into two row, every row freedom rollably is provided with a plurality of.And the radius of curvature of the shape of generatrix of the rolling surface of above-mentioned each spherical roller 3 is only a little bit smaller than the radius of curvature of the shape of generatrix of above-mentioned outer race track 5 and above-mentioned inner race track 6.
Above-mentioned retainer 4 has a lip part 7 and a plurality of post portion 8.Lip part 7 wherein is rings, is arranged between the above-mentioned two row spherical rollers 3.And above-mentioned each post portion 8 is with the state of the equally spaced many places of circumferencial direction of the axle direction bi-side that its each base end part are connected above-mentioned lip part 7, is arranged on the axle direction of above-mentioned outer ring 1 and inner ring 2.Each front end of above-mentioned each post portion 8 is as the free end that does not engage with other parts.And, will be in the part between the adjacent post portion 8 of circumferencial direction as being used for the free recess 9 that rollably keeps above-mentioned each spherical roller 3.And, the outer circumferential face that makes above-mentioned lip part 7 and the intermediate portion inner peripheral surface of above-mentioned outer ring 1 near relative, with the location (guiding) of the footpath direction that realizes above-mentioned retainer 4 by the outer ring.And, form the convex edge 10 of outside respectively flange-shape at the two end part of above-mentioned inner ring 2 outer circumferential face, make above-mentioned each spherical roller 3 not from the space between the outer circumferential face of the inner peripheral surface of above-mentioned outer ring 1 and above-mentioned inner ring 2 axially foreign side come off.
The self-aligning roller bearing of the band retainer of Gou Chenging as described above for example under the situation of the inboard that running shaft is bearing in housing, embeddedly is fixed on outer ring 1 on the housing, inner ring 2 outer build-ins is fixed on the running shaft.Under the situation that running shaft rotates, a plurality of spherical rollers 3 roll, and allow this rotation at inner ring 2.Under the inconsistent situation in axle center of the axle center of housing and running shaft, 1 inboard carry out aligning (making the inclined of the relative outer ring 1 of central shaft of inner ring 2) compensation this is inconsistent in the outer ring by inner ring 2.In this case, because outer race track 5 forms single sphere shape, therefore the rolling of above-mentioned a plurality of spherical rollers 3 also can successfully be rolled after carrying out inconsistent compensation.
Under the situation of first example of above-mentioned existing structure, be used in the retainer 4 that keeps two row spherical rollers 3 and form one.Therewith relatively and as shown in figure 20, in patent documentation 2, put down in writing the separate structure of retainer 4a that is used in maintenance two row spherical rollers 3.Under the situation of second example of this existing structure, also form convex edge 10 at the two end part of this inner ring 2 outer circumferential face, make each spherical roller 3 not from the space between the outer circumferential face of the inner peripheral surface of outer ring 1 and inner ring 2 axially foreign side come off.
And, as shown in figure 21, in above-mentioned patent documentation 1, put down in writing the front end that connects and composes each 8a of post portion of retainer 4b by joint 11 is not provided with convex edge each other at the two end part of inner ring 2a outer circumferential face structure.Under the situation of the 3rd example of this existing structure, based on engaging of the axle direction end face of above-mentioned each joint 11 and spherical roller 3, prevent each spherical roller 3 from the space between the outer circumferential face of the inner peripheral surface of outer ring 1 and inner ring 2a axially foreign side come off.
And Figure 22 is the 4th example of the self-aligning roller bearing of the at present known band retainer of expression.Under the structure situation of the 4th example, guiding circle 16 is set between the intermediate portion outer circumferential face of the inner peripheral surface of lip part 7 and inner ring 2, make the outer circumferential face of this guiding circle 16 and above-mentioned lip part 7 inner peripheral surface, make the inner peripheral surface of this guiding circle 16 and the intermediate portion outer circumferential face of above-mentioned inner ring 2 approaching respectively relative, with the location (guiding) of the footpath direction of realization retainer 4c by inner ring.And, form the convex edge 10 of outside flange-shape respectively at the two end part of above-mentioned inner ring 2 outer circumferential face, make above-mentioned each spherical roller 3 not from the space between the outer circumferential face of the inner peripheral surface of above-mentioned outer ring 1 and above-mentioned inner ring 2 axially foreign side come off.
Under the situation of first to fourth example of above-mentioned existing structure, except realizing the speed up of running shaft, following improvement also waits in expectation.
At first, shown in Figure 17,20,22 first and second, under the situation of four examples owing to be present in the convex edge 10 of the two end part periphery of inner ring, the opening area of the end, space between the outer circumferential face 2 of the inner peripheral surface of outer ring 1 and inner ring 2 narrows down.Therefore, carrying out splash lubrication, promptly realize under the lubricated situation of rolling contact section of the rolling surface of each spherical roller 3 and outer race track 5 and inner race track 6 by mist of oil or oil gas, the flow that enters the oiling agent (lubricant oil) in the above-mentioned space reduces, and is disadvantageous from carrying out the high speed rotating aspect.In addition, when above-mentioned each spherical roller 3 of assembling in above-mentioned space, above-mentioned two convex edges 10 are in the way.Therefore, need form the otch that above-mentioned each spherical roller 3 is passed through on the part of these two convex edges 10, the processing of not only above-mentioned inner ring 2 bothers but also prevents that the effect that comes off is not enough.
Under the situation of the 3rd example of present structure shown in Figure 21, owing to do not have convex edge at the two end part of inner ring 2a outer circumferential face, therefore can not take place because the situation that convex edge narrows down the opening area of the end, space between the inner peripheral surface of the outer circumferential face of inner ring 2a and outer ring 1, but the substitute is by being arranged on the joint 11 on the retainer 4b, the opening area of end, above-mentioned space will narrow down.Therefore, with above-mentioned first and second, the situation of four examples is identical, the flow that enters the oiling agent (lubricant oil) in this space reduces, and is unfavorable from the aspect of carrying out high speed rotating.
And, under the situation of first and third example of the existing structure shown in Figure 17,21, outer circumferential face by lip part 7 engages with the inner peripheral surface of outer ring 1, under the situation of as shown in figure 22 the 4th example, the location of the retainer 4 that the engaging of the outer circumferential face of the inner peripheral surface of the lip part 7 by retainer 4c and guiding circle 16 is used to keep two row spherical rollers 3 respectively, the footpath direction of 4b, therefore, unfavorable to the speed up of realizing running shaft in the following areas.That is, under the situation of such structure, the relative velocity (Sliding velocity) of the inner peripheral surface of the outer circumferential face of above-mentioned lip part 7 or inner peripheral surface and above-mentioned outer ring 1 or the outer circumferential face of above-mentioned guiding circle 16 increases, and the friction on the engagement portion between this two side face increases.Its result, the heating that the dynamic torque (rotational resistance) of the self-aligning roller bearing of band retainer and running produce increases, and is unfavorable from carrying out the high speed rotating aspect.
And, because the difference of the revolution speed of two row spherical rollers 3, might dynamic torque and the heating of running generation will increase.That is, when the self-aligning roller bearing of band retainer turned round, two row spherical rollers 3 also turned round with the state (identical condition) that supports same load sometimes, but in most cases, turn round than the state that the opposing party supports big load with a side.Its result, the revolution speed of two row spherical rollers 3 produces difference.Under these circumstances, the spherical roller 3 of the fast row of revolution speed might simultaneously pull slow-footed spherical roller 3 one sides and revolves round the sun.The slow spherical roller 3 that is listed as of revolution speed is in the state that the revolution motion of fireballing one spherical roller 3 that is listed as is applied braking conversely speaking.Especially, support under the situation that thrust load simultaneously turns round in one side, it is obvious that this trend becomes.Its result, as mentioned above, the heating that possible dynamic torque and running produce increases.
And under the situation of first to fourth routine any structure of existing structure, the posture of above-mentioned each spherical roller 3 in the recess 9 of retainer 4,4a～4c is all not necessarily stable.Its reason is, the rolling surface of these each spherical rollers 3 is convex surfaces, and section shape bi-side, circumference aspect, relevant with the axle direction of above-mentioned retainer 4,4a～4c of above-mentioned each 8a of post portion that constitutes the circumferencial direction bi-side of above-mentioned each recess 9 is the lineal shape parallel with this axle direction.Therefore, remain on above-mentioned each spherical roller 3 in above-mentioned each recess 9, at the circumferencial direction bi-side butt that forms on the axle direction intermediate portion outer circumferential face of maximum diameter with above-mentioned each 8a of post portion, be formed on the state that has the gap on the part at close axle direction two ends of outer circumferential face of circumferencial direction bi-side and above-mentioned each spherical roller 3.Therefore, each spherical roller 3 is the center with the abutting part of axle direction intermediate portion, can swing the part that displacement is equivalent to above-mentioned gap at least.
And, to swing under the situation of displacement at above-mentioned each spherical roller 3, the direction of the axis of rotation of each spherical roller 3 has the angle of inclination with respect to the rectangular direction of revolution direction with each spherical roller 3, becomes the state of so-called generation deflection.Under the state that produces such deflection, the big sliding friction of generation on each rolling contact section of the rolling surface of above-mentioned each spherical roller 3 and above-mentioned outer race track 5 and above-mentioned inner race track 6.Its result, the counterrotating resistance of not only above-mentioned outer ring 1 and above-mentioned inner ring 2 (dynamic torque of self-aligning roller bearing) increases, and the vibration that produces on above-mentioned each rolling contact section also increases.The increase of such dynamic torque and generation of vibration do not have any problem under the low situation of the running speed of above-mentioned self-aligning roller bearing.But, in order to accelerate this running speed, suppress above-mentioned dynamic torque and vibration, therefore need make the stable posture of above-mentioned each spherical roller 3, inhibition produce above-mentioned deflection.
And, under the situation of first and third, four examples of the existing structure shown in Figure 17,21,22, since will be used to keep the retainer 4 of two row spherical rollers 3,4b, 4c to guide as inner ring guiding or outer ring, therefore unfavorable to the speed up of realizing running shaft in the following areas.Promptly, under the situation of the 4th example of existing structure shown in Figure 22, the relative velocity of the outer circumferential face of the inner peripheral surface of lip part 7 and inner ring 2 (Sliding velocity), under the situation of first and third example of the existing structure shown in Figure 17,21, the relative velocity of the inner peripheral surface of the outer circumferential face of lip part 7 and outer ring 1 increases respectively sometimes.In this case, in the structure of Figure 22, the friction on the engagement portion of the outer circumferential face of the engagement portion of the inner peripheral surface of lip part 7 and the outer circumferential face of guiding circle 16 and inner peripheral surface that should guiding circle 16 and inner ring 2; In Figure 17,21 structure, the friction on the engagement portion of the inner peripheral surface of the outer circumferential face of lip part 7 and outer ring 1 increases respectively.Its result, the heating that the dynamic torque (rotational resistance) of the self-aligning roller bearing of band retainer and running produce increases, and is unfavorable to carrying out high speed rotating.And, under the situation of structure shown in Figure 22,, needing guiding circle 16 for retainer 4 is guided as inner ring, number of spare parts will increase.
In order to address the above problem, as shown in figure 20, considered to utilize the inner face and the direction position, footpath that engaging of each spherical roller limits retainer of each recess, that is, limit by so-called roller guide.But, under the situation of self-aligning roller bearing of band retainer, owing to following reason can not be merely with retainer as roller guide.For example, under the situation of general (cylindrical roller not the footpath direction of retainer tilt) relatively cylinder rolling bearing, what the displacement of the footpath direction by retainer engaged with the inner face of each recess of retainer is the rolling surface of each cylindrical roller.Therefore, in order to limit the direction position, footpath of this retainer, the gap of only controlling the rolling surface of the inner face of above-mentioned each recess and above-mentioned each cylindrical roller gets final product.
And the self-aligning roller bearing of band retainer, shown in above-mentioned Figure 17,21,22, the two row spherical rollers 3 that utilize retainer 4,4b, 4c to keep are provided with the state that the footpath direction with respect to these retainers 4,4b, 4c tilts.Therefore, under the situation of footpath direction displacement, one of end face of the inner face of each recess 9 of these retainers 4,4b, 4c and each spherical roller 3 of rolling surface and these of above-mentioned each spherical roller 3 contacts at these retainers 4,4b, 4c.
And, under with the situation of retainer, need suppress so-called deflection by this retainer as roller guide, promptly the axis of rotation direction of each spherical roller has the problem at angle of inclination with respect to the rectangular direction of revolution direction with each spherical roller.For example, under the situation of the 4th example of above-mentioned existing structure shown in Figure 22, be suppressed at the problem that produces deflection on the spherical roller 3 by guiding circle 16 and convex edge 10.Therefore, in this structure, with retainer as roller guide, omit under the situation of this guiding circle 16, need to suppress the deflection of above-mentioned each spherical roller 3 by convex edge 10 and retainer.And, as the 3rd example of above-mentioned existing structure shown in Figure 21, under the situation of the structure that does not form convex edge 10, only need suppress the deflection of above-mentioned each spherical roller 3 by retainer.And, be positioned at load to the band retainer the self-aligning roller bearing effect a side and opposition side, be present in the spherical roller on the non-load circle, mainly limit its motion by retainer.Therefore, be present in the spherical roller of this non-load circle owing to will be easy to generate deflection with the fastening state of the recess inner face of retainer.
Under the situation that produces deflection on above-mentioned each spherical roller 3, on each rolling contact section of the rolling surface of each spherical roller 3 and above-mentioned outer race track 5 and above-mentioned inner race track 6, will produce big sliding friction.Its result, the dynamic torque of the self-aligning roller bearing of band retainer increases, and simultaneously, heating value increases, and the vibration that produces on above-mentioned each rolling contact section also strengthens.Such dynamic torque increases and heating value increases, generation of vibration is unfavorable to the rotational speed of the self-aligning roller bearing of quickening band retainer.
Like this, under will the situation of retainer as roller guide with the self-aligning roller bearing of retainer, need to consider how to carry out the location (inner face of each recess and the rolling surface of each spherical roller or end face which contact) of the footpath direction of retainer, and then how consideration suppresses to be present in the deflection of the spherical roller of non-load circle.Therefore, can not merely will be installed on the retainer of the self-aligning roller bearing of being with retainer as roller guide.
Patent documentation 1: the spy opens flat 9-317760 communique
Patent documentation 2: model utility is registered communique No. 2524932
Summary of the invention
The present invention is exactly In view of the foregoing, and at least one in the problem shown in following in order to solve (1)～(3) proposes.
(1) realize the self-aligning roller bearing of following band retainer, that is, the easy processing of each component parts, can suppress cost and rise, and can enlarge the open-ended area in the space that is provided with spherical roller, can be in this space conveyor lubricant expeditiously.
(2) but realize making each spherical roller stable posture, can prevent the structure of self-aligning roller bearing of the band retainer of each spherical roller generation deflection and high speed rotating, and the manufacture method that realizes being used for making expeditiously the retainer of this self-aligning roller bearing of packing into.
(3) realize footpath direction that can be by carrying out retainer with engaging of spherical roller the location, can suppress to be present in the structure of deflection of the spherical roller of non-load circle simultaneously.
And, the objective of the invention is to solve as required following (4), at least one in the problem shown in (5).
(4) by reducing the heating that dynamic torque and running produce, the structure that realization can advantageously run up.
(5) prevent that stress from concentrating on the joint of the lip part that constitutes retainer and post portion, realizes the structure and the manufacture method of the durability of this retainer of raising.
Self-aligning roller bearing as the band retainer of object of the present invention is identical with the self-aligning roller bearing of above-mentioned existing band retainer, is made of outer ring, inner ring, a plurality of spherical roller and retainer.
Outer ring wherein is formed on inner circumferential surface with the outer race track of spherical concave surface.
And a pair of inner race track that above-mentioned inner ring will be relative with above-mentioned outer race track is formed on its outer circumferential face.
And, above-mentioned each spherical roller between above-mentioned outer race track and above-mentioned two inner race tracks, be divided into two row, can freedom rollably whenever list be provided with a plurality of.
Under the situation as the self-aligning roller bearing of the band retainer of object of the present invention, above-mentioned retainer has a plurality of recesses that can free rollably keep above-mentioned each spherical roller.For this reason, this retainer has the lip part and a plurality of post portion of ring, and described lip part is arranged between the above-mentioned two row spherical rollers; Described post portion under the state of the many places of the circumferencial direction of the axial side that each base end part is combined in this lip part, be arranged on the axle direction of above-mentioned outer ring and inner ring, with each front end as the free end that does not combine with other parts.And, with the part between the adjacent in a circumferential direction post portion as above-mentioned each recess.
Especially in first mode of the self-aligning roller bearing of band retainer of the present invention, the length of above-mentioned each post portion is greater than 1/2 of the axle direction length of above-mentioned each spherical roller.
And the fore-end of the circumferencial direction side of each post portion is more outstanding to circumferencial direction than intermediate portion, and the interval between the front end circumferencial direction side of the adjacent post portion of circumferencial direction is less than the maximum diameter of above-mentioned each spherical roller.
And, in second mode of the self-aligning roller bearing of band retainer of the present invention, the circumferencial direction bi-side of above-mentioned each post portion are concave curved surface, this concave curved surface across can send into lubricant oil (footpath direction thickness for example be about 0.1～0.5mm or the maximum diameter of each spherical roller about 0.4～2%) the recess gap relative with the rolling surface of above-mentioned each spherical roller.If the section shape of this concave curved surface is represented that in the axle direction and the footpath direction of above-mentioned retainer (lip part) then the radius of curvature of axial section shape is more than or equal to the axial radius of curvature of the rolling surface of above-mentioned each spherical roller.And the radius of curvature of the section shape of footpath direction is only than the big amount suitable with above-mentioned recess gap of the radius of curvature of the circumferencial direction of above-mentioned rolling surface (for example be about 0.1～0.5mm or the maximum diameter of each spherical roller about 0.4～2%).
And, in the Third Way of the self-aligning roller bearing of band retainer of the present invention, above-mentioned retainer has many places post portion at circumferencial direction, and has a plurality of recesses between the adjacent in a circumferential direction post portion, and this recess can freedom rollably keep above-mentioned each spherical roller.
And, the direction position, footpath (as roller guide) that engages, limits this retainer of inner face with above-mentioned each spherical roller by above-mentioned each recess.
Especially in the self-aligning roller bearing of this band retainer, the inner face of each recess under the state that the central shaft of above-mentioned retainer is consistent with the central shaft of the self-aligning roller bearing of band retainer, this retainer and the rolling surface of above-mentioned each spherical roller or the relation of end face are carried out following restriction.Promptly, under the situation of the circumferencial direction central authorities (neutral position) between the adjacent in a circumferential direction post portion, the beeline of establishing the footpath circumferencial direction side, above-mentioned retainer the direction of the rolling surface of each spherical roller and each post portion is H at above-mentioned each spherical roller 1And, to leave under the relative face situation farthest of end face in the inner face of above-mentioned each recess at above-mentioned each spherical roller with each spherical roller, the beeline of establishing footpath these opposing sides and end face, above-mentioned retainer direction is H 2Satisfy H in this case 1〉=H 2
And self-aligning roller bearing of the present invention is with the manufacture method of retainer, is the manufacture method that is assembled in the retainer in the self-aligning roller bearing of band retainer of second mode of the invention described above.Promptly, above-mentioned concave curved surface is processed in the circumferencial direction bi-side of a plurality of blank post portion, each base end part of this blank post portion combines with the many places of the lip part of ring at the circumferencial direction of the axle direction side of this lip part, simultaneously, each front end as the free end that does not combine with other parts, is formed external diameter less than each spherical roller with the interval between the circumferencial direction bi-side.For this reason, inserting outer circumferential face on the part between the adjacent blank post portion of circumferencial direction is the cutting tool of convex surface.In the section shape of this convex surface, the radius of curvature of axial section shape is more than or equal to the axial radius of curvature of the rolling surface of above-mentioned each spherical roller.And the radius of curvature of the section shape of circumferencial direction is less than the radius of curvature of the circumferencial direction of above-mentioned rolling surface.With such cutting tool with central shaft and should process and should become recess part central axes mode, be inserted under the state of the part between the blank post portion adjacent on the above-mentioned circumferencial direction, make its one side rotation, one side round the revolution of the central shaft of the part that should become this recess.And, cut the circumferencial direction bi-side of above-mentioned each blank post portion.
In addition, state on the implementation under the situation of second mode of the present invention, preferably utilize radius of curvature to make an axial side of the circumferencial direction bi-side of each post portion and lip part continuous for the concave curved surface of circular arc, in the bight of each recess more than or equal to the section of 1mm.
Have in manufacturing under the situation of retainer of such concave curved surface, be arranged on by utilization cutting tool front end, radius of curvature is more than or equal to the section of the 1mm convex surface part for circular arc, cut the continuous part of axle direction one side of the circumferencial direction bi-side of each blank post portion and lip part, forming radius of curvature on this part is the concave curved surface of circular arc more than or equal to the section of 1mm.
And, under first mode of stating on the implementation of the present invention and the situation of second mode, preferably according to the engaging of the rolling surface of the circumferencial direction bi-side of each post portion and each spherical roller, the direction position, footpath (as the rolling element guiding) of restriction retainer.
And first mode of stating on the implementation of the present invention preferably is used in the retainer of the spherical roller that keeps row and is used to keep the retainer of the spherical roller of another row can be independent with the relative rotation mutually to the situation of Third Way.Perhaps two retainers are formed axle direction both sides one-piece type that post portion is arranged on general lip part.
And, implementing under the situation of second mode of the present invention, preferably as first mode of the present invention, the length that makes above-mentioned each post portion is greater than 1/2 of the axle direction length of above-mentioned each spherical roller.And, make interval between the front end circumferencial direction side of the adjacent post portion of circumferencial direction less than the maximum diameter of above-mentioned each spherical roller.
And, preferably Third Way of the present invention is used for following structure, promptly, the internal void is for just, in use, by the embedded deadweight that is fixed on the running shaft on the inner ring etc., load is acted on downwards with respect to this inner ring, the downside of the self-aligning roller bearing of band retainer becomes the load circle, upside becomes non-load circle.
And, implementing first mode of the present invention to the situation of Third Way, there is not convex edge in the two end part outer circumferential face that is preferably in inner ring.
Self-aligning roller bearing and self-aligning roller bearing at the band retainer of the present invention that as above constitutes are used in the manufacture method of retainer, under the situation of the self-aligning roller bearing of the band retainer of first mode, constitute each recess, embrace each spherical roller at the front end of each adjacent post portion of circumferencial direction, prevent that each spherical roller from coming off to the axle direction of outer ring and inner ring from above-mentioned each recess.Therefore, need form convex edge or between the front end of each post portion, joint is set at the axle direction two end part of inner ring outer circumferential face.Therefore, can enlarge the area of the open end in the space between the outer circumferential face of the inner peripheral surface of above-mentioned outer ring and above-mentioned inner ring.And, under the lubricated situation of the rolling contact section of the rolling surface that carries out above-mentioned each spherical roller by splash lubrication and outer race track and inner race track, make the flow increase of the oiling agent (lubricant oil) that enters in above-mentioned the space in, help running up.And, owing to need not to form convex edge at the axle direction two end part of above-mentioned inner ring outer circumferential face, the external diameter of this inner ring can be formed minimum at the axle direction two end part of this inner ring, therefore, can easily carry out retainer and a plurality of spherical roller are installed in operation in the space between the inner peripheral surface of the outer circumferential face of this inner ring and outer ring.And, can easily carry out the processing operation of above-mentioned inner ring, can suppress to comprise the cost of self-aligning roller bearing of the band retainer of this inner ring.
And, under the situation of the self-aligning roller bearing of the band retainer of second mode of the present invention, because the circumferencial direction bi-side of each post portion of the circumferencial direction both sides of each recess of separation, be the concave curved surface that only has than the radius of curvature of the rolling surface big slightly (the only amount suitable) of each spherical roller, therefore remain on the stable posture of above-mentioned each spherical roller in above-mentioned each recess with the recess gap.Therefore on each spherical roller, can not produce tangible deflection, can prevent from the rolling contact section of the rolling surface of each spherical roller and outer race track and inner race track, to produce tangible sliding friction.Its result can suppress the vibration that the counterrotating resistance of outer ring and inner ring and when running produce, and can run up.And self-aligning roller bearing according to the present invention can be formed on above-mentioned concave curved surface on the circumferencial direction bi-side of above-mentioned each post portion by the commercial run of implementing with lower cost accurately with the manufacture method of retainer.
And under the situation of the self-aligning roller bearing of the band retainer of Third Way of the present invention, during in footpath direction displacement, the inner face of each recess of this retainer not necessarily contacts with the end face of each spherical roller at retainer.Therefore, the position of the footpath direction of this retainer is subjected to the restriction that engages of inner face with the end face of above-mentioned each spherical roller of above-mentioned each recess.Under the situation of such invention, at first since with retainer as roller guide, therefore, and compare as the situation of outer ring guiding or inner ring guiding, can reduce the dynamic torque of self-aligning roller bearing of band retainer and the heating value that running produces.And owing to do not need the guiding circle, so number of spare parts reduces.
And, as mentioned above, owing to form by the end face of each spherical roller and the structure of the position that engages the footpath direction that limits retainer of the inner face of recess, therefore, retainer because of deadweight under the situation of footpath direction displacement, also can shorten the distance of the inner face of the end face of the spherical roller that is present in non-load circle and retainer, can be suppressed at effectively on the spherical roller that is present in this non-load circle and produce deflection.Like this, the reason that the distance of end face by shortening each spherical roller and the face relative with this end face can suppress deflection is, the face relative with above-mentioned end face in the inner face of above-mentioned recess is plane (need not make it bend to post portion circumferencial direction side such).If with the face of the end face butt of above-mentioned each spherical roller be the plane, the trend that produces deflection on each spherical roller is then arranged, under the situation of the face butt relative with this end face in the inner face of the end face of each spherical roller and above-mentioned recess, the deflection that can suppress each spherical roller easily further increases.Like this, if be not easy on each spherical roller, to produce deflection, then can suppress heating and vibration that the generation owing to deflection causes.Its result can obtain the good self-aligning roller bearing of high speed.
And, if adopt the structure of rolling element guiding, then can reduce the friction velocity of the engagement portion of the direction position, footpath that is used to limit above-mentioned retainer, can reduce the heating that dynamic torque and running cause.
And,,, the retainer of the spherical rollers that keep these two row is independently rotated even then under situation about there are differences aspect the revolution speed of spherical rollers of two row if make a pair of retainer separate.But, even use one-piece type retainer,, can prevent that also the spherical roller of the row that revolution speed is slow from braking the revolution motion of the spherical roller of fast row by suitably setting the recess gap, can reduce the heating that dynamic torque and running cause.
And, second mode of the present invention is identical with first mode of the present invention, if the length that makes above-mentioned each post portion is greater than 1/2 of the axle direction length of above-mentioned each spherical roller, make interval between the front end circumferencial direction side of the adjacent post portion of circumferencial direction less than the maximum diameter of above-mentioned each spherical roller, then can obtain effect, the effect identical with first mode of the invention described above.That is, outside effect that second mode by the invention described above obtains, effect, also can obtain effect, effect that first mode by the invention described above obtains.Promptly, need not in order to prevent that above-mentioned each spherical roller from coming off between the outer circumferential face of the inner peripheral surface of outer ring and inner ring, and form convex edge at the axle direction two end part of this inner ring outer circumferential face, or between the front end of each post portion, joint is set, therefore, can enlarge the area of the open end in the space between the outer circumferential face of the inner peripheral surface of above-mentioned outer ring and above-mentioned inner ring.And, the flow that flows into the oiling agent in this space is increased, help running up.And, need not to form convex edge at the axle direction two end part of above-mentioned inner ring outer circumferential face, can easily carry out in above-mentioned space, assembling the operation of retainer and a plurality of spherical rollers.And, can easily carry out the processing of above-mentioned inner ring, can reduce the cost of the self-aligning roller bearing of the band retainer that comprises this inner ring.
And, if do not have convex edge, then can enlarge the opening area of the end, space between the inner peripheral surface of the outer circumferential face of inner ring and outer ring at the two end part of inner ring outer circumferential face, oiling agent is entered in this space.
And,, can prevent that then stress from concentrating in the continuous portion of the lip part that constitutes retainer and each post portion, improves the durability of this retainer if the concave curved surface that section is a circular arc is set in the bight of each recess.
And, if in the internal void for just, downside is to implement Third Way of the present invention under the state of non-load circle for load circle, upside, then in the structure relative of axle direction one side of the lip part that is arranged between the two row spherical rollers, constitutes retainer with the end face of each spherical roller, under the situation of this retainer, be present in that end face as the spherical roller of the upside of non-load circle will contact with axle direction one side of above-mentioned lip part or approaching because of deadweight displacement downwards.By like this, can suppress to be present in the deflection of the spherical roller of this non-load circle effectively.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the sectional view of half part of first example of expression embodiments of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the expansion sectional view along the A-A line of Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is the line chart of the expression result of experiment of carrying out for the effect of first example of confirming embodiments of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is the sectional view of half part of second example of expression embodiments of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is the expansion sectional view along the B-B line of Fig. 4.
Fig. 6 is the sectional view along the C-C line of Fig. 4.
Fig. 7 is that expression is used for taking out the stereogram of cutting tool of circumferencial direction bi-side of the retainer of second example of mode of execution and processing post portion of packing into.
Fig. 8 is the line chart of the expression result of experiment of carrying out for the effect of second example of confirming embodiments of the present invention.
Fig. 9 is the sectional view of half part of the 3rd example of expression embodiments of the present invention.
Figure 10 is the sectional view of half part of expression the 4th example.
Figure 11 is the section sketch map of the structure of the 4th example, represents the size in gap of the inner face of spherical roller and recess turgidly.
Figure 12 is the sectional view along the D-D line of Figure 11.
Figure 13 is the distance for footpath rolling surface, retainer the direction of the circumferencial direction side of obtaining post portion and spherical roller, and the expression of pattern ground is arranged on the figure of the position relation of the each point on each face.
Figure 14 is the line chart of the expression experimental result of carrying out for the effect of the 4th example of confirming embodiments of the present invention.
Figure 15 is the sectional view of half part of the 5th example of expression embodiments of the present invention.
Figure 16 is the front view of first example of expression existing structure.
Figure 17 is the expansion sectional view along the E-E line of Figure 16.
Figure 18 takes out the part stereogram that the retainer in first example that is installed to existing structure is represented.
Figure 19 is the sectional view along the F-F line of Figure 17.
Figure 20 is the phantom of second example of expression existing structure.
Figure 21 is the phantom of expression the 3rd example.
Figure 22 is the phantom of expression the 4th example.
Embodiment
First example of mode of execution
Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 represent first example corresponding to the embodiments of the present invention of first mode.The self-aligning roller bearing of the band retainer of this example is identical with second example of above-mentioned existing structure shown in Figure 20, is made of outer ring 1, inner ring 2a, a plurality of spherical roller 3 and separate (can make up with the relative rotation) a pair of retainer 4d.
The outer race track 5 that outer ring 1 wherein will have the spherical concave surface at single center is formed on inner circumferential surface.
And above-mentioned inner ring 2a is formed on its outer circumferential face with a pair of inner race track 6 relative with above-mentioned outer race track 5.This inner ring 2a is different with the situation of second example of above-mentioned existing structure, at the two end part outer circumferential face convex edge 10 (with reference to Figure 20) is not set.Above-mentioned inner ring 2a in this example of packing into have above-mentioned shown in Figure 21, with the identical shape of the 3rd example of existing structure.
And above-mentioned each spherical roller 3 is divided into two row between above-mentioned outer race track 5 and above-mentioned inner race track 6, can freedom rollably be provided with a plurality of in every row.
And above-mentioned two retainer 4d have respectively and are used for a plurality of recesses 9 that above-mentioned each spherical roller 3 freedom are rollably kept.For this reason, above-mentioned two retainer 4d have lip part 7a and a plurality of post 8b of portion that is arranged on the ring between the above-mentioned two row spherical rollers 3 respectively.Each 8b of post portion is arranged on the axle direction of above-mentioned outer ring 1 and inner ring 2a with under each base end part and the state that the equally spaced many places of circumferencial direction of the axle direction side of this lip part 7a combine.And, above-mentioned each 8b of post portion with each front end as the free end that does not combine with other parts.That is, joint 11 (with reference to Figure 21) as the 3rd example of above-mentioned existing structure is not set at the front end of each 8b of post portion.And, will be by surrounding tripartite part as above-mentioned each recess 9 in the circumferencial direction side of the adjacent 8b of post portion of circumferencial direction and side of axle direction of above-mentioned lip part 7a.
Especially, under the situation of above-mentioned two the retainer 4d that constitute this example, the length L of above-mentioned each 8b of post portion 8Axle direction length L greater than above-mentioned each spherical roller 3 31/2 (L 8＞L 3/ 2).
And the fore-end of the circumferencial direction side of above-mentioned each 8b of post portion is more outstanding to circumferencial direction (positive and negative direction of Fig. 1, the above-below direction of Fig. 2) than intermediate portion.And the interval d between the front end circumferencial direction side of the adjacent in a circumferential direction 8b of post portion is less than the maximum dimension D of above-mentioned each spherical roller 3 (d＜D).
In addition, interval d between the front end circumferencial direction side of the 8b of post portion adjacent on the above-mentioned circumferencial direction is less than the anti-detachment amount (D-d) of the maximum dimension D degree of above-mentioned each spherical roller 3, according to the size of the self-aligning roller bearing of being with retainer, the design decisions such as material of above-mentioned two retainer 4d.For example, the size of self-aligning roller bearing of band retainer is: internal diameter is about 40～60mm, external diameter is about 100～120mm, is under the situation of copper or copper class alloy in the material of retainer, and making above-mentioned anti-detachment amount is about 100～300 μ m.
Under the situation of the self-aligning roller bearing of the band retainer of this example that constitutes as described above, the front end that constitutes each adjacent in a circumferential direction 8b of post portion of above-mentioned each recess 9 holds together to live in to state each spherical roller 3, prevents that each spherical roller 3 from coming off to the axle direction of above-mentioned outer ring 1 and above-mentioned inner ring 2a from above-mentioned each recess 9.Therefore, first and second examples that need not the existing structure shown in above-mentioned Figure 17,20 are such, form convex edge 10 at the axle direction two end part of inner ring 2 outer circumferential face, or as above-mentioned existing structure shown in Figure 21 the 3rd routine, between the front end of each 8b of post portion, joint 11 is set.Therefore, can enlarge the opening area of the end, space between the outer circumferential face of the inner peripheral surface of above-mentioned outer ring 1 and above-mentioned inner ring 2a.And, under the lubricated situation of the rolling contact section of the rolling surface that carries out above-mentioned each spherical roller 3 by splash lubrication and above-mentioned outer race track 5 and above-mentioned two inner race tracks 6, the flow of the oiling agent (lubricant oil) that enters above-mentioned space is increased, help running up.
And, owing to need not to form convex edge at the axle direction two end part of above-mentioned inner ring 2a outer circumferential face, the external diameter of this inner ring 2a can be formed minimum at the axle direction two end part of this inner ring 2a, therefore, can be easily above-mentioned two retainer 4d and a plurality of spherical roller 3 be installed in the space between the inner peripheral surface of the outer circumferential face of this inner ring 2a and above-mentioned outer ring 1.And, can easily carry out the processing operation of above-mentioned inner ring 2a, can reduce the cost of the self-aligning roller bearing of the band retainer that comprises this inner ring 2a.
And, in the case of this example,, promptly limit by so-called rolling element guiding according to the circumferencial direction bi-side of above-mentioned each 8b of post portion and the direction position, footpath that engages, limits above-mentioned two retainer 4d of the rolling surface of above-mentioned each spherical roller 3.That is, make the rolling surface sliding contact of a part and above-mentioned each spherical roller 3 of the direction of footpath at least of circumferencial direction bi-side of above-mentioned each 8b of post portion or approaching relative, make the direction position, footpath of above-mentioned two retainer 4d not carry out big dislocation and move.Thereupon, the inner peripheral surface of the outer circumferential face of above-mentioned lip part 7a and above-mentioned outer ring 1, inner circumferential surface separate respectively fully with the outer circumferential face of above-mentioned inner ring 2a.In the case of this example,, the friction velocity of the engagement portion of the direction position, footpath that is used to limit above-mentioned two retainer 4d can be reduced, the dynamic torque of self-aligning roller bearing of band retainer and the heating that causes by running can be reduced by such structure.
And, in the case of this example, as mentioned above, owing to be used in the retainer 4d of the spherical roller 3 that keeps row and be used to keep the retainer 4d of the spherical roller 3 of another row can be independent with the relative rotation mutually, therefore, even the revolution speed at two row spherical rollers 3 produces under the situation of difference, keep above-mentioned two retainer 4d of this two row spherical roller 3 also can separately to rotate.Therefore, the spherical roller 3 that the fast row spherical roller 3 of revolution speed pulls slow row can not take place, or the spherical rollers 3 of the slow 3 pairs of fast row of a row spherical roller of the revolution speed situation of braking.Its result can reduce the dynamic torque of the self-aligning roller bearing of being with retainer and the heating that running causes equally.In addition, also can routine structural group be incompatible implements with second mode of the present invention and Third Way and this.
And, used the retainer 4d of Splittable in this example, but also can use one-piece type retainer.Under the situation of using one-piece type retainer, worry that when the revolution speed of above-mentioned two row spherical rollers 3 produces difference the rotation of 3 pairs of retainers of a row spherical roller that row spherical roller 3 that revolution speed is fast and revolution speed are slow is exerted one's influence.But can to absorb revolution speed in about 0.4～2% scope of the maximum diameter of above-mentioned each spherical roller 3 poor by the recess gap design is become, and can reduce the influence that produces because of such revolution speed difference.That is, by above-mentioned recess gap is restricted to suitable value, the influence that the revolution speed difference that can reduce above-mentioned each spherical roller 3 applies the rotation of above-mentioned one-piece type retainer (in actual the use be unquestioned little by little).
Fig. 3 has been expressed as the poor of the heating value that produces when understanding running, utilizes the self-aligning roller bearing of the band retainer that constitutes to first example of existing structure shown in Figure 19 according to above-mentioned Figure 16 and has the experimental result that the self-aligning roller bearing of band retainer of first example of the embodiments of the present invention of said structure carries out.Using public title number in experiment is self-aligning roller bearing (external diameter=110mm, internal diameter=50mm, the width=40mm) of 22310 band retainer.On the self-aligning roller bearing of such band retainer, act on the pure radial load of 9.8kN (1000kgf), under the pressure lubrication that lubricant oil (VG68) produces, turn round (making the inner ring rotation).Running speed is carried out 4800min/ -1, 5800min -1, 7200min -1Three kinds of variations.In addition, the self-aligning roller bearing of the band retainer of above-mentioned size permitted hold rotational speed (rotational speed that can turn round continuously) for 4800min -1
The experimental result of carrying out under such condition as shown in Figure 3.Can be clear and definite from this Fig. 3, in whole running speed zone, the temperature that is suppressed to the self-aligning roller bearing that is lower than existing band retainer that rises of the temperature in the time of can be with the running of the self-aligning roller bearing of the band retainer of first example of embodiments of the present invention rises.And the degree that running speed fast more (it is strict that operating condition becomes), inhibition temperature rise is obvious more.Therefore as can be known, the invention of first mode is being favourable aspect the speed up of the various mechanical devices of the self-aligning roller bearing of realizing being equipped with the band retainer.
Second example of mode of execution
Fig. 4 to Fig. 7 represents second example of the embodiments of the present invention of corresponding second mode.The self-aligning roller bearing of the band retainer of this example is identical with second example of above-mentioned existing structure shown in Figure 20, is made of outer ring 1, inner ring 2a, a plurality of spherical roller 3 and separate (can make up with the relative rotation) a pair of retainer 4e.
The outer race track 5 that outer ring 1 wherein will have the spherical concave surface at single center is formed on inner circumferential surface.
And above-mentioned inner ring 2a is formed on its outer circumferential face with a pair of inner race track 6 relative with above-mentioned outer race track 5.This inner ring 2a is different with the situation of second example of above-mentioned existing structure, at the two end part outer circumferential face convex edge 10 (with reference to Figure 20) is not set.
And above-mentioned each spherical roller 3 is divided into two row between above-mentioned outer race track 5 and above-mentioned inner race track 6, every row can freedom rollably be provided with a plurality of.
And, above-mentioned two retainer 4e carry out cutting or grinding and integrally manufactured by the material to the iron class alloy system of copper class alloy such as copper or brass or stainless steel etc., and it has and is used for the free a plurality of recesses 9 that rollably keep above-mentioned each spherical roller 3.For this reason, above-mentioned two retainer 4e have lip part 7a and a plurality of post 8c of portion that is arranged on the ring between the above-mentioned two row spherical rollers 3 respectively.Each 8c of post portion is arranged on the axle direction of above-mentioned outer ring 1 and inner ring 2a in that each base end part is combined under the state of (continuous integratedly) with the equally spaced many places of circumferencial direction of the axle direction side of this lip part 7a.And, above-mentioned each 8c of post portion with each front end as the free end that does not combine with other parts.That is, joint between the front end that connects each 8c of post portion is not set at the front end of each 8c of post portion.And, will surround tripartite part as above-mentioned each recess 9 by the circumferencial direction side of the adjacent in a circumferential direction 8c of post portion and axle direction one side of above-mentioned lip part 7a.
Especially, under the situation of above-mentioned two the retainer 4e that constitute this example, the circumferencial direction bi-side of above-mentioned each 8c of post portion that will separate the circumferencial direction both sides of above-mentioned each recess 9 form concave curved surface 12, and this concave curved surface 12 is similar figures with the rolling surface of above-mentioned each spherical roller 3, and is concavo-convex opposite.Each concave curved surface 12 has different radius of curvature R mutually in axle direction and the footpath direction of above-mentioned retainer 4e p, r pThe radius of curvature R of which direction p, r pAll greater than the radius of curvature R of the rolling surface of above-mentioned each spherical roller 3 R, r RFollowing degree promptly, makes the rolling surface of above-mentioned each spherical roller 3 of recess gap in remaining on above-mentioned each recess 9 that can carry lubricant oil and the degree between the above-mentioned concave curved surface 12.
(making under the central shaft of above-mentioned each spherical roller 3 state consistent) thickness t of (each spherical roller 3) in above-mentioned recess gap footpath direction with the central shaft of above-mentioned each recess 9, because of the difference of the data (size) of self-aligning roller bearing more or less different, under the situation of the self-aligning roller bearing of the rotary supporting part of the cylinder that for example is assembled into various industrial machine devices etc., be about 0.1～0.5mm or be about 0.4～2% of the maximum diameter of each spherical roller 3.The radius of curvature R of all directions of above-mentioned each concave curved surface 12 p, r p, radius of curvature R rolling surface, pairing direction than each spherical roller 3 R, r RAmount (the R in big above-mentioned recess gap p=R R+ t, r p=r R+ t).In addition, because axial radius of curvature R pThe radius of curvature r of specific diameter direction PMuch bigger (R p＞＞r P), even so R p=R R, also can obtain roughly the same function.Therefore, above-mentioned axial radius of curvature R pBe set in R p～R PGet final product between+the t.
And, make axle direction one side of above-mentioned each concave curved surface 12 and the above-mentioned lip part 7a of the circumferencial direction bi-side that are formed on above-mentioned each 8c of post portion, carry out (with reference to Fig. 7) continuously with the recess 13 of keeping out of the way of the interference of the end face outer peripheral portion of above-mentioned spherical roller 3 by being used to prevent.In the case of this example, will respectively keep out of the way recess 13 and form radius of curvature R 13Concave curved surface more than or equal to 1mm.In respectively keeping out of the way the both sides ora terminalis of recess 13, the ora terminalis of above-mentioned each concave curved surface 12 side and the end of each concave curved surface 12 are continuous on the direction that the circumferencial direction to above-mentioned lip part 7a caves in.And axle direction one side of the ora terminalis of axle direction one side of above-mentioned lip part 7a and this lip part 7a is successfully continuous.
And, in the case of this example, make the length L of above-mentioned each 8c of post portion 8Axle direction length L greater than above-mentioned each spherical roller 3 31/2 (L 8＞L 3/ 2).And, make interval d between the front end circumferencial direction side of each adjacent in a circumferential direction 8c of post portion less than the maximum dimension D of above-mentioned each spherical roller 3 (d＜D).Like this, interval d between the front end circumferencial direction side of the 8c of post portion adjacent on the above-mentioned circumferencial direction, less than the degree of the maximum dimension D of above-mentioned each spherical roller 3 (D-d: anti-detachment amount), be restricted to one side and make above-mentioned each 8c of post portion simultaneously above-mentioned each spherical roller 3 is pressed into degree in above-mentioned each recess 9 to the circumferencial direction resiliently deformable.This degree is according to the size of the self-aligning roller bearing of band retainer, the design decisions such as material of above-mentioned two retainer 4e.For example, be that internal diameter is, external diameter is about 100～120mm about 40～60mm in the size of self-aligning roller bearing of band retainer, the material of retainer is under the situation of copper or copper class alloy, making above-mentioned anti-detachment amount is about 100～300 μ m.These aspects are identical with first example of above-mentioned mode of execution.
The shape of the circumferencial direction bi-side of above-mentioned each 8c of post portion as described above forms by the following method, that is, utilize the circumferencial direction bi-side of blank post portion shown in Figure 7, that revolving cutting tool 14 each 8c of post portion of contrast form widelyer to cut or grinding.That is, when manufacturing had the retainer 4e of above-mentioned each 8c of post portion, at first the raw material from ring waited the capacious medium material of making than this retainer 4e by cutting.
This medium material is made of the lip part 7a of ring and above-mentioned a plurality of blank post portion, each base end part of described a plurality of blank post portion combines (continuous integratedly) with the many places of the circumferencial direction of the axle direction side of this lip part 7a, simultaneously, each front end is the free end that does not combine with other parts.Interval between the circumferencial direction bi-side of each blank post portion is less than the external diameter of above-mentioned each spherical roller 3.In addition, for the shape of the circumferencial direction bi-side of above-mentioned each blank post portion,, just be not particularly limited as long as above-mentioned condition (less than the external diameter of each spherical roller 3) is satisfied at the interval between these circumferencial direction bi-side.But, under the situation of the ease of processing of the ease of processing of considering above-mentioned medium material and 14 pairs of above-mentioned each concave curved surfaces 12 of above-mentioned cutting tool, be preferably formed as the cylindrical shape concave surface that the tabular surface that is parallel to each other or shape of generatrix are straight line.Like this, form in the circumferencial direction bi-side of above-mentioned each blank post portion that will be mutually relative under the situation of the tabular surface that is parallel to each other or cylindrical shape concave surface, the internal diameter of interval between this tabular surface or cylindrical shape concave surface is smaller or equal to the external diameter of the axle direction end of the rolling surface of above-mentioned each spherical roller 3, more than or equal to maximum outside diameter in the above-mentioned cutting tool 14, that insert the part between each adjacent blank post portion of circumferencial direction.
For above-mentioned each concave curved surface 12 is processed in the circumferencial direction bi-side of each above-mentioned blank post portion, it is the above-mentioned cutting tool 14 of convex surface that the part between each adjacent blank post portion of circumferencial direction is inserted outer circumferential face.In section shape as the convex surface of the outer circumferential face of this cutting tool 14, the radius of curvature D of axial section shape PRadius of curvature R with the axle aspect of above-mentioned each concave curved surface 12 PEquate, than the radius of curvature R of the axle aspect of the rolling surface of above-mentioned each spherical roller 3 RGo out the amount (D of the thickness t in above-mentioned recess gap greatly P=R P=R R+ t).And in section shape as the convex surface of the outer circumferential face of this cutting tool 14, the radius of curvature d of the section shape of circumferencial direction PRadius of curvature r than the circumferencial direction of above-mentioned each concave curved surface 12 PThe revolution radius r of little following throw 14 0Amount (d P=r P-r 0=r R+ t-r 0).And under the situation of illustrated example, forming radius of curvature at the front end outer circumferential face of above-mentioned cutting tool 14 is the convex surface part 15 of circular arc more than or equal to the section of 1mm.
In order to form above-mentioned each concave curved surface 12, will be inserted in part between the adjacent blank post portion of above-mentioned circumferencial direction as follows as above-mentioned cutting tool 14, that is, make the central shaft x of this cutting tool 14 14Central shaft x with the part that should become recess 9 that will process 9Parallel, up to the front-end face of this cutting tool 14 and the side butt of above-mentioned lip part 7a.Under this state, make the central shaft x of these cutting tool 14 one sides with self 14Be the center rotation, one side is with above-mentioned revolution radius r 0Around should be as the central shaft x of the part of above-mentioned recess 9Revolve round the sun.But should the revolution radius r 0Beginning is not this value but strengthens gradually.And, the outer circumferential face of above-mentioned cutting tool 14 is contacted with the circumferencial direction bi-side of above-mentioned each blank post portion from the part that external diameter strengthens, duplicate the axial section shape of the outer circumferential face of above-mentioned cutting tool 14 in the circumferencial direction bi-side of each blank post portion.
Its result, the radius of curvature of the axial section shape of the circumferencial direction bi-side of each blank post portion becomes as above-mentioned R P(R R+ t) value.On the other hand, the section shape of the footpath direction circumferencial direction bi-side of each blank post portion, above-mentioned lip part 7a becomes above-mentioned r at the revolution radius of above-mentioned cutting tool 14 0The state of value under, become above-mentioned r P(=d P+ r 0=r R+ t).Under this state, form aforesaid each concave curved surface 12, these concave curved surfaces 12 are that the recess gap of t is relative with the rolling surface of above-mentioned each spherical roller 3 by thickness.And, under this state, the base end part circumferencial direction bi-side that each concave curved surface 12 are formed on above-mentioned each 8c of post portion of each circumferencial direction bi-side, with the continuous portion of axle direction one side of above-mentioned lip part 7a on, form above-mentioned the keep out of the way recess 13 of radius of curvature by above-mentioned convex surface part 15 more than or equal to 1mm.
Be incorporated with respectively under the situation of the self-aligning roller bearing of the band retainer of this example of retainer 4e that make, that have said structure as described above, can make above-mentioned each spherical roller 3 stable posture, prevent that each spherical roller 3 from producing deflections.Therefore, vibration or heating that deflection causes can be suppressed, high speed rotating can be carried out.That is and since separate above-mentioned each recess 9 the circumferencial direction both sides, constitute above-mentioned each concave curved surfaces 12 of the circumferencial direction bi-side of above-mentioned each 8c of post portion, be only to have than the rolling surface of above-mentioned each spherical roller 3 larger radius of curvature R slightly P, r PConcave curved surface, therefore, remain on the stable posture of above-mentioned each spherical roller 3 in above-mentioned each recess 9.Therefore on each spherical roller 3, can not produce tangible deflection, can prevent from the rolling contact section of the rolling surface of each spherical roller 3 and above-mentioned outer race track 5 and above-mentioned two inner race tracks 6, to produce tangible sliding friction.Its result, the vibration that produces in the time of can suppressing the counterrotating resistance of above-mentioned outer ring 1 and above-mentioned inner ring 2a and running can run up.
And, identical with first example of above-mentioned mode of execution in the case of this example, owing to make the length L of above-mentioned each 8c of post portion 8Axle direction length L greater than above-mentioned each spherical roller 3 31/2, make interval d between the front end circumferencial direction side of each adjacent 8c of post portion of circumferencial direction less than the maximum dimension D of above-mentioned each spherical roller 3, therefore, the front end at each adjacent 8c of post portion of circumferencial direction that constitutes above-mentioned each recess 9 holds together to live in to state each spherical roller 3, prevents that each spherical roller 3 from coming off to the axle direction of above-mentioned outer ring 1 and above-mentioned inner ring 2a from above-mentioned each recess 9.Therefore, the existing structure that need not shown in above-mentioned Figure 17,20 is such, forms convex edge 10 at the axle direction two end part of inner ring 2 outer circumferential face.Therefore, can enlarge the area of the open end in the space between the outer circumferential face of the inner peripheral surface of above-mentioned outer ring 1 and above-mentioned inner ring 2a.And, under the lubricated situation of the rolling contact section of the rolling surface that carries out above-mentioned each spherical roller 3 by splash lubrication and above-mentioned outer race track 5 and above-mentioned two inner race tracks 6, the flow of the oiling agent (lubricant oil) that enters above-mentioned space is increased, help running up.
And, owing to need not to form convex edge at the axle direction two end part of above-mentioned inner ring 2a outer circumferential face, the external diameter of this inner ring 2a can be formed minimum at the axle direction two end part of this inner ring 2a, therefore, can be easily above-mentioned two retainer 4e and a plurality of spherical roller 3 be installed in the space between the inner peripheral surface of the outer circumferential face of this inner ring 2a and above-mentioned outer ring 1.And, can carry out the processing of above-mentioned inner ring 2a easily, can reduce the cost of the self-aligning roller bearing of the band retainer that comprises this inner ring 2a.
And, in the case of this example,, promptly limit by so-called rolling element guiding according to the direction position, footpath of limiting above-mentioned two retainer 4e that engages of the rolling surface of the circumferencial direction bi-side of above-mentioned each 8c of post portion and above-mentioned each spherical roller 3.Promptly, the centre of curvature of above-mentioned each concave curved surface 12 that constitutes the circumferencial direction bi-side of above-mentioned each 8c of post portion is set between the incircle and circumcircle of each 8c of post portion (be preferably on the pitch circle of above-mentioned each spherical roller 3, or near footpath direction, this pitch circle position).And, make the rolling surface sliding contact of above-mentioned each concave curved surface 12 and above-mentioned each spherical roller 3 or near relative, make the direction position, footpath of above-mentioned two retainer 4e not carry out big dislocation and move.Simultaneously, the inner peripheral surface of the outer circumferential face of above-mentioned lip part 7a and above-mentioned outer ring 1, inner circumferential surface separate fully with the outer circumferential face of above-mentioned inner ring 2a.Under this routine situation,, the friction velocity of the engagement portion of the direction position, footpath that is used to limit above-mentioned two retainer 4e can be reduced, the dynamic torque of self-aligning roller bearing of band retainer and the heating of following running can be reduced by such structure.
And, in the case of this example, as mentioned above, owing to make the retainer 4e and being used to of the spherical roller 3 be used to keep row keep the retainer 4e of the spherical roller 3 of another row can be independent with the relative rotation mutually, therefore, even the revolution speed at two row spherical rollers 3 produces under the situation of difference, keep above-mentioned two retainer 4e of this two row spherical roller 3 also can separately to rotate.Therefore, the situation that revolution motion that the fast row spherical roller 3 of revolution speed pulls the spherical rollers 3 of the slow 3 pairs of fast row of a row spherical roller of the spherical roller 3 of slow row or revolution speed is braked can not take place.Its result still can reduce the dynamic torque of the self-aligning roller bearing of being with retainer and the heating of following running.In addition, also can routine structural group be incompatible implements with Third Way of the present invention and this.
Fig. 8 is be expressed as the vibration values that produces when understanding running poor, utilizes the self-aligning roller bearing of the band retainer that constitutes to first example of existing structure shown in Figure 19 according to above-mentioned Figure 16 and has the result of experiment that the self-aligning roller bearing of band retainer of second example of the embodiments of the present invention of said structure carries out.Using public title number in experiment is self-aligning roller bearing (external diameter=110mm, internal diameter=50mm, the width=40mm) of 22310 band retainer.On the self-aligning roller bearing of such band retainer, load the resultant load of the thrust load of the radial load of 7.04kN (718kgf) and 5.35kN (546kgf), under the pressure lubrication that lubricant oil (VG68) produces, turn round (making the inner ring rotation).Running speed is at 0～12000min -1Between change, at 2000min -1, 4800min -1, 5600min -1, 7200min -1, 8200min -1, 9400min -1, 10500min -1, 12000min -18 go up to measure vibration values.In addition, the self-aligning roller bearing of the band retainer of above-mentioned size permitted hold rotational speed (rotational speed that can turn round continuously) for 4800min -1
The result of experiment of carrying out under such condition as shown in Figure 8, the vibration that produces during the running of the self-aligning roller bearing of the band retainer of this example all is suppressed to the vibration that the self-aligning roller bearing that is lower than existing band retainer produces in whole running speed scope.Therefore the invention of second mode helps realizing being equipped with the speed up of various mechanical devices of the self-aligning roller bearing of band retainer as can be known.And, after test to the self-aligning roller bearing of band retainer when decomposing, investigating the state of wear of retainer, the wear extent of having confirmed the retainer that this is routine have only existing retainer wear extent about 1/4, can prevent the wearing and tearing of retainer by the invention of second example.
And, in order to confirm by strengthening above-mentioned radius of curvature (more than or equal to 1mm) of respectively keeping out of the way recess 13, can improve the effect of the intensity of retainer 4b, carry out the bump test of falling that forcibly makes the self-aligning roller bearing that retainer is installed fall, estimate.In the present invention, above-mentioned radius of curvature R of respectively keeping out of the way recess 13 13Being 1.25mm, is 0.6mm in the comparative example beyond the present invention.And collision acceleration height, that collide the steel plate of above-mentioned self-aligning roller bearing that is equivalent to above-mentioned self-aligning roller bearing is fallen is 200G.And whether after making the every collision of this steel plate 500,000 times, confirming has damages such as breakage or crack on the foundation part of each the post portion that constitutes above-mentioned retainer.Prepare four test portions altogether, be used for two of the present invention, be used for two of comparative example.The result of the bump test of falling of carrying out like this is, for comparative example, when whenever carrying out 500,000 times, on the foundation part of any one post portion breakage taken place all.And be used for test portion of the present invention up to 2,000,000 times and even 2,500,000 times, all generation breakages of foundation part in any one post portion.This experimental result has been confirmed can prevent the breakage of above-mentioned each post portion by strengthening above-mentioned radius of curvature of respectively keeping out of the way recess 13.
The 3rd example of mode of execution
Fig. 9 represents the 3rd example of the embodiments of the present invention corresponding with second mode.In the case of this example, the situation of the retainer 4 of first example of the retainer 4f that is used to keep two row spherical rollers 3 and above-mentioned Figure 17 and existing structure shown in Figure 180 is identical, uses one-piece type retainer.In the case of this example, owing to use so one-piece type retainer 4f, therefore worry to produce under the situation of difference at the revolution speed of above-mentioned two row spherical rollers 3, the difference of the revolution speed of the spherical roller 3 of the revolution speed of the spherical roller 3 of fast row and slow row is influential to the rotation of above-mentioned retainer 4f.Even but using one-piece type retainer 4f, producing aspect the revolution speed of two row spherical rollers 3 under the situation of difference, poor by the revolution speed that the recess gap design is become in about 0.4～2% scope of the maximum diameter of above-mentioned each spherical roller 3, can absorb each spherical roller 3, then also can reduce the difference of this revolution speed to the influence of the rotation of above-mentioned retainer 4f (in actual the use be unchallenged little by little).Under the situation of first example of above-mentioned mode of execution and second example of above-mentioned mode of execution, worry produces under the situation of difference at the revolution speed of two row spherical rollers 3, with the phase mutual friction, on the bearing surface between two lip part 7a, will produce friction, wearing and tearing between the lip part 7a of, two retainer 4d (4e) poor based on the rotational speed between a pair of retainer 4f (4e).Therefore, suitably select to form retainer one-piece type or form independently split type of every row according to the service condition of the self-aligning roller bearing of being with retainer.Other effect, effect are identical with the situation of second example of above-mentioned mode of execution.
The 4th example of mode of execution
Figure 10 to Figure 12 represents the 4th example of the embodiments of the present invention corresponding with Third Way.The self-aligning roller bearing of the band retainer of this example also is made of outer ring 1, inner ring 2a, a plurality of spherical roller 3 and separate (can make up with the relative rotation) a pair of retainer 4g.The outer race track 5 that outer ring 1 wherein will have the spherical concave surface at single center is formed on inner circumferential surface.And above-mentioned inner ring 2a is formed on its outer circumferential face with a pair of inner race track 6 relative with above-mentioned outer race track 5.First and second of this inner ring 2a and the existing structure shown in above-mentioned Figure 17,20,22, four examples are different, and convex edge 10 is not set on the outer circumferential face of two end part.The above-mentioned inner ring 2a of this example of packing into have above-mentioned shown in Figure 21, with the identical shape of the 3rd example of existing structure.And above-mentioned each spherical roller 3 is divided into two row between above-mentioned outer race track 5 and above-mentioned two inner race tracks 6, every row can freedom rollably be provided with a plurality of.And the self-aligning roller bearing of the band retainer of this example has positive internal void, in use, by the embedded deadweight that is fixed on the running shaft on the inner ring 2a etc., load with respect to this inner ring 2a to the effect of the below of Figure 10 to 12.Therefore, the downside of Figure 10 to 12 is the load circle, and upside is non-load circle.
Above-mentioned two retainer 4g have and are used for the free a plurality of recesses 9 that rollably keep above-mentioned each spherical roller 3.Therefore, above-mentioned two retainer 4g have lip part 7a and a plurality of post 8d of portion that is arranged on the ring between the above-mentioned two row spherical rollers 3 respectively.Each 8d of post portion under the state of uniformly-spaced locating to combine with each base end part and a plurality of circumferencial directions of the axle direction side of this lip part 7a, is arranged on the axle direction of above-mentioned each spherical roller 3.And, above-mentioned each 8d of post portion with each front end as the free end that does not combine with other parts.That is, joint 11 (with reference to Figure 21) as the 3rd example of above-mentioned existing structure is not set at the front end of each 8d of post portion.And, will surround tripartite part as above-mentioned each recess 9 by the circumferencial direction side of the adjacent 8d of post portion of circumferencial direction and axle direction one side of above-mentioned lip part 7a.And, the radius of curvature of the shape of generatrix of the circumferencial direction side of above-mentioned each 8d of post portion is bigger slightly than the radius of curvature of the shape of generatrix of the rolling surface of above-mentioned each spherical roller 3.And the axle direction side of above-mentioned lip part 7a and the end face of each spherical roller 3 form abreast, make between each face only relative via very little gap.
Especially, in the case of this example, under the central shaft of above-mentioned two the retainer 4g state consistent with the central shaft of the self-aligning roller bearing of band retainer, the inner face of above-mentioned each recess 9 and the rolling surface of above-mentioned each spherical roller 3 or the relation of end face limit as follows.At first be located at each spherical roller 3 and be positioned under the situation of the adjacent 8d of post portion of circumferencial direction central authorities (neutral position) position each other, the beeline of the footpath directions circumferencial direction side, above-mentioned two retainer 4g of the rolling surface of each spherical roller 3 and each 8d of post portion (Figure 10,11 above-below direction) is H 1And, be located at above-mentioned each spherical roller 3 and leave under the situation that side of axle direction of above-mentioned lip part 7a (is positioned at the axial outermost of each spherical roller 3) farthest, the beeline of footpath directions end face, above-mentioned two retainer 4g of side of the axle direction of above-mentioned lip part 7a and above-mentioned each spherical roller 3 is H 2
In addition, in Figure 11,12, above-mentioned distance H 1The distance of representing the rolling surface of footpath direction external lateral portion in the circumferencial direction side of above-mentioned each 8d of post portion and above-mentioned each spherical roller 3, if and the distance of the rolling surface of the footpath direction inside part in this circumferencial direction side and each spherical roller 3 is short, then make this distance be above-mentioned H 1In a word, making the distance of the shortest part of footpaths rolling surface, above-mentioned two retainer 4g the direction distance of the circumferencial direction side of above-mentioned each 8d of post portion and above-mentioned each spherical roller 3 is above-mentioned H 1And above-mentioned distance H 2, because the end face of above-mentioned each spherical roller 3 and axle direction one parallel sided of above-mentioned lip part 7a, therefore, footpath direction distance does not change because of direction position, footpath.
Stipulate each distance H as described above 1, H 2The time, in the following cases, the maximum moving distance of two retainer 4g is respectively as represent followingly, described situation is meant, above-mentioned two retainer 4g can be respectively from following state, promptly with the spherical roller 3 of the symmetrical position of the central shaft that is present in relative two retainer 4g, the end face or the rolling surface state of contact of a side spherical roller 3, move to following state, promptly with the end face or the rolling surface state of contact of the opposing party's spherical roller 3.Promptly, above-mentioned each spherical roller 3 is present at circumferencial direction under the situation of neutral position, up to the rolling surface of each spherical roller 3 that is present in above-mentioned symmetrical position with till the circumferencial direction side of each 8d of post portion contacts respectively, above-mentioned two retainer 4g distance that can move in the footpath direction is for maximum.And the displacement distance of the footpath direction of two retainer 4g in this case is 2H 1And, when above-mentioned each spherical roller 3 is present in farthest the position, axle direction one side of leaving above-mentioned lip part 7a, up to the end face of each spherical roller 3 that is present in above-mentioned symmetrical position with till axle direction one side of lip part 7a contacts respectively, above-mentioned two retainer 4g distance that can move in the footpath direction is for maximum.And the displacement distance of the footpath direction of two retainer 4g in this case is 2H 2In the case of this example, with the above-mentioned H that represents like this 1, H 2Be constrained to and satisfy H 1〉=H 2
Above-mentioned H 1, H 2In H 2Under following situation, pass through H 2=d/sin α obtains, described situation is meant, leave at above-mentioned each spherical roller 3 under the axle direction one side state farthest of above-mentioned lip part 7a, axial gap length axle direction one side, each spherical roller 3 of the end face of each spherical roller 3 and lip part 7a is d, and the wrapping angle of the self-aligning roller bearing of band retainer is α.But, make end face with the above-mentioned wrapping angle α of above-mentioned each spherical roller 3 direction (direction parallel with the line of action L of wrapping angle α, respectively towards the left bottom of Figure 11, the direction of the below of Figure 12) be parallel to each other.Therefore, axle direction one side of above-mentioned lip part 7a and the direction of above-mentioned wrapping angle α are parallel to each other.In addition, above-mentioned H 2Do not satisfy under the situation of above-mentioned condition in that the direction of the end face of above-mentioned each spherical roller 3 and above-mentioned wrapping angle α is not parallel etc., even use above-mentioned formula can not obtain correct value.Therefore, in this case, obtain above-mentioned H according to every kind of specification of the self-aligning roller bearing of being with retainer 2
And, consider that also the radius of curvature of circumferencial direction side of above-mentioned each spherical roller 3 and above-mentioned each 8d of post portion or above-mentioned wrapping angle α etc. obtain above-mentioned H 1For example, available following approximate formula is obtained above-mentioned H 1At first, being located at above-mentioned each spherical roller 3 is present under the situation of neutral position, the distance of the circumferencial direction side of above-mentioned each 8d of post portion and the wrapping angle α direction rolling surface of above-mentioned each spherical roller 3, in virtual plane x is h, described virtual plane x comprises the central shaft O of above-mentioned retainer 4g, and with the plane parallel that is present in the direction (above-below direction of Figure 12) that retainer 4g radius vector direction moves.In this case, the footpath direction distance H of the above-mentioned retainer 4g between each face 1Utilize h/cos α to draw approximation (H 1≈ h/cos α).With regard to this point, the relation of the spherical roller 3 on right-hand column by being present in Figure 11 and the right side that is positioned at Figure 12 and the circumferencial direction side of the post portion 8d relative with the rolling surface of this spherical roller 3, one side simultaneously describes with reference to Figure 13.In addition, in order to illustrate with the H shown in Figure 11,12 1, h length represent turgidly respectively.Simultaneously, in Figure 11, the position relation of each point P, the Q of the following stated, q is concerned that with the position than reality the state of far apart represents.And therefore Figure 12, compares H though seem h owing to be the D-D sectional view of Figure 11 1Long, but H in fact 1Longer than h.
Figure 13 be from the equidirectional figure that sees of above-mentioned Figure 11, above-mentioned each distance H of pattern ground expression 1Relation with h.Each point P, Q shown in Figure 11,13, q are present in the above-mentioned virtual plane x.And some P wherein is present on the circumferencial direction side of the above-mentioned post 8d of portion, is illustrated in the point arbitrarily that makes under the situation that above-mentioned retainer 4g radius vector direction and wrapping angle α direction move, contacts with the rolling surface of each above-mentioned spherical roller 3.And above-mentioned some Q is the point that the rolling surface by above-mentioned some P, the dummy line M of direction that is parallel to wrapping angle α and spherical roller 3 intersects.That is be to make above-mentioned retainer 4g, to the upper and lower point of stating on the rolling surface of the above-mentioned spherical roller 3 that P contacted of the situation that wrapping angle α direction moves.And above-mentioned some q is the point that the rolling surface by above-mentioned some P, the dummy line N of footpath direction that is parallel to retainer 4g and spherical roller 3 intersects.That is, be the upper and lower point of stating on the rolling surface of the above-mentioned spherical roller 3 that P contacted of situation that above-mentioned retainer 4g radius vector direction is moved.
Some q from each point P, Q, q draws vertical line, establishes intersection point to above-mentioned dummy line M is r, and this intersection point r and above-mentioned some P are made as i in the distance of wrapping angle α direction, and in this case, this P represents with i/cos α apart from j to above-mentioned some q's.This is equivalent to the above-mentioned footpath direction distance H shown in above-mentioned Figure 11,12 apart from j 1(j=H 1).Therefore, this distance H 1Represent with i/cos α.Carried out the expression of exaggeration in Figure 11 to Figure 13, the axial radius of curvature circumferencial direction side, this spherical roller 3 of the rolling surface of in fact above-mentioned spherical roller 3 and the 8d of post portion is bigger.Therefore, above-mentioned apart from i can with the distance from above-mentioned some P to a Q, that is, the distance h of the direction of above-mentioned wrapping angle α is similar to (i ≈ h).Like this, above-mentioned footpath direction distance H 1Available h/cos α draws approximative value (H 1≈ h/cos α).
In addition, as mentioned above, represent H with h 1Be because, this h with directly obtain H from the size in the gap of the rolling surface of the side of the above-mentioned post 8d of portion and above-mentioned spherical roller 3 (radius of curvature on two sides poor) etc. 1Situation compare, can obtain than being easier to.And above-mentioned approximate formula is to obtain above-mentioned H 1One example of formula is applicable to the situation that satisfies above-mentioned condition the situation of the condition close with this condition (or have).Therefore, also have, can not use the situation of above-mentioned approximate formula because of the condition difference.For this reason, above-mentioned H 1Be with the specification of the self-aligning roller bearing of retainer to design definite according to each.
Under the situation of the self-aligning roller bearing of the band retainer of this example that constitutes as described above, at retainer 4g under the situation of footpath direction displacement, in the inner face of each recess 9 of two retainer 4g, axle direction one side of above-mentioned lip part 7a contacts certainly with the end face of above-mentioned each spherical roller 3.That is as mentioned above, be 2H with the distance that above-mentioned retainer 4g till the circumferencial direction side of each 8d of post portion contacts respectively can move in the footpath direction, up to the rolling surface of each spherical roller 3 that is present in symmetrical position 1And, be 2H with the distance that can move till axle direction one side of each lip part 7a contacts respectively in the footpath direction up to the end face of each spherical roller 3 that is present in symmetrical position 2In the case of this example, owing to form H 1〉=H 2, therefore, to move in the footpath direction, under the inner face of above-mentioned each recess 9 and the situation that above-mentioned each spherical roller 3 contacts at above-mentioned retainer 4g, axle direction one side of above-mentioned at least lip part 7a contacts with the end face of above-mentioned each spherical roller 3.Therefore, the direction position, footpath of above-mentioned two retainer 4g is by the restriction that engages of the end face of axle direction one side of above-mentioned lip part 7a and above-mentioned each spherical roller 3.Under this so routine situation, at first, since with retainer 4g as roller guide, situation therefore such with the existing structure shown in above-mentioned Figure 21,22, that form outer ring guiding or inner ring guiding is compared, and can alleviate the dynamic torque and the heating value of following running of the self-aligning roller bearing of band retainer.And, need not the guiding circle of the existing structure of above-mentioned Figure 22, so number of spare parts reduces.
And, as mentioned above, owing to form the structure of position that the engaging of axle direction one side of end face by each spherical roller 3 and lip part 7a limits the footpath direction of retainer 4g, therefore, even focus under the situation of footpath direction displacement owing to oneself at above-mentioned two retainer 4g, also can shorten the distance of axle direction one side of the end face of spherical roller 3 in above-mentioned each spherical roller 3, that be present in non-load circle and above-mentioned lip part 7a, can be suppressed at effectively on the spherical roller 3 that is present in these non-load circles and produce deflection.Promptly, the spherical roller 3 that is present in above-mentioned non-load circle mainly limits its motion (as this example by retainer 4g, under the situation of the self-aligning roller bearing of the band retainer with positive internal void, the spherical roller 3 that is present in non-load circle almost only limits its motion by retainer 4g).Specifically be that the spherical roller 3 that is present in these non-load circles is by being promoted to revolve round the sun by the 8d of post portion of above-mentioned two retainer 4g.And be present in the spherical roller 3 of load circle owing to be subjected to the restriction of outer ring 1 and inner ring 2a, therefore, the rolling surface by each spherical roller 3 contacts with the rolling of outer race track 5 and inner race track 6 and revolves round the sun.Therefore, the spherical roller 3 that is present in above-mentioned non-load circle is than the spherical roller 3 that is present in above-mentioned load circle, and the influence that is subjected to above-mentioned two retainer 4g is big, is easy to generate deflection.
And in the case of this example, as mentioned above, owing to be embedded in the deadweight etc. of the running shaft of inner ring 2a, the downside of the self-aligning roller bearing of band retainer becomes the load circle, and upside becomes non-load circle.Therefore, above-mentioned two retainer 4g are because the displacement downwards of conducting oneself with dignity, be present in the end face of spherical roller 3 of above-mentioned non-load circle and axle direction one side of above-mentioned lip part 7a, form deflection result from trend on each spherical roller 3 before, form contact or approaching state.Therefore, under the situation that the trend that produces deflection on the spherical roller 3 that is present in above-mentioned non-load circle forms, before deflection increased, axle direction one contacts side surfaces of the end face of each spherical roller 3 and above-mentioned lip part 7a can prevent to produce above-mentioned deflection effectively.
On the other hand,, be present in the end face of the spherical roller 3 on the above-mentioned non-load circle of downside of the self-aligning roller bearing of being with retainer, separate with axle direction one side of above-mentioned lip part 7a by above-mentioned retainer 4g displacement downwards.Therefore, being present in these end faces of loading the spherical roller 3 on enclosing is not easy to contact with axle direction one side of above-mentioned lip part 7a.The spherical roller 3 that is present on these load circles contacts with the inner face rolling of the recess 9 that keeps each spherical roller 3 in the running.Therefore, the end face of each spherical roller 3 is favourable in the following areas with the situation that axle direction one side of above-mentioned lip part 7a is not easy to contact, promptly, reduce the contact segment of each spherical roller 3 and above-mentioned two retainer 4g, prevent that the wearing and tearing that contact two retainer 4g that cause because of the rolling with each spherical roller 3 from increasing.In addition, as mentioned above, be not easy deflection, therefore need not in order to prevent this deflection initiatively to make the end face that is present in the spherical roller 3 on these load circles to contact with axle direction one side of above-mentioned lip part 7a owing to be present in the spherical roller 3 of above-mentioned load circle.
In addition, act in the load towards downside that above-mentioned outer ring is 1 first-class, the non-load circle of the self-aligning roller bearing of band retainer is under the situation of downside, axle direction one side of lip part 7a forms the trend of separating with the end face of the spherical roller 3 that is present in non-load circle.Therefore, in this case, for example as above-mentioned shown in Figure 21, at the front end of retainer joint is set, it is such that the relation of the end face of this joint and spherical roller is constrained to present embodiment.If constitute in this wise, then under the situation of the downward side shifting of retainer, the end face that is present in the spherical roller of non-load circle contacts with above-mentioned joint, can suppress to be present in the deflection of the spherical roller of this non-load circle effectively.And in the case of this example, owing to be roller guide, therefore the rolling surface by each spherical roller 3 contacts with the 8d of post portion, and the motion of each spherical roller 3 is subjected to restriction to a certain degree in recess 9.Therefore, though the end face of above-mentioned each spherical roller 3 and lip part 7a or attachment portion from, also be not easy to produce deflection.The whichever structure if be difficult to produce deflection on each spherical roller 3, just can suppress heating and vibration that the generation because of deflection causes.Its result can obtain the self-aligning roller bearing of the good band retainer of high speed.
And, under this routine situation, with the front end of the 8d of post portion of above-mentioned two retainer 4g as the free end that does not combine with other parts.Therefore, the area of the open end in the space that has above-mentioned each spherical roller 3 can be enlarged, the flow that flows into the oiling agent (lubricant oil) in this space can be increased.That is, under the situation of the 3rd example of above-mentioned existing structure shown in Figure 21,, flow into the flow minimizing of the oiling agent this space in because by the front end of joint 11 in conjunction with each 8d of post portion, therefore the area of the open end in above-mentioned space narrows down.And do not have such situation in this example.If can increase the flow of oiling agent, then help running up.
And, under this routine situation, the retainer 4g that is used in the spherical roller 3 that keeps row be used to keep the retainer 4g of another routine spherical roller 3 can be separate with the relative rotation.Therefore, even produce under the situation of difference, keep the also independently rotation of retainer 4g of this two row spherical roller 3 at the revolution speed of two row spherical rollers 3.That is, the row of the self-aligning roller bearing of band retainer in the two row spherical rollers 3 of being everlasting are disbursed from the cost and expenses than another and are turned round under state that holds bigger load.In this case, will produce difference aspect the revolution speed of this two row spherical roller 3.In the case of this example, the independent respectively rotation of retainer 4g that keeps this two row spherical roller 3, therefore, the situation that revolution motion that the fast row spherical roller 3 of revolution speed pulls the slow 3 pairs of fast row spherical rollers 3 of a row spherical roller of a slow row spherical roller 3 or revolution speed is braked can not take place.Its result, the heating that can reduce dynamic torque and follow running.In addition, also first mode of the present invention and second mode and this routine textural association can be implemented.
Figure 14 represents the experimental result of carrying out for the effect of confirming present embodiment, inventor.Using public title number in experiment is self-aligning roller bearing (external diameter=110mm, internal diameter=50mm, the width=40mm) of 22310 band retainer.And restriction has retainer and the gap of spherical roller of self-aligning roller bearing of the band retainer of such specification, three kinds of test portions shown in (1)～(3) below having prepared.In addition, H 1, H 2Shown distance is as described in above-mentioned Figure 11 to Figure 13.
(1)H 1＝0.24mm、H 2＝0.4mm(H 1＜H 2)
(2)H 1＝0.4mm、H 2＝0.4mm(H 1＝H 2)
(3)H 1＝0.4mm、H 2＝0.2mm(H 1＝2H 2、H 1＞H 2)
In experiment, on each above-mentioned test portion, load the radial load of 9.8kN (1000kgf), under the pressure lubrication that the lubricant oil (VG68) of the flow of 0.5L/min produces, turn round (making the inner ring rotation).Running speed changes shown in the transverse axis of Figure 14.And,, measure the outer ring temperature in each rotational speed through after the stipulated time.In addition, the self-aligning roller bearing of the band retainer of above-mentioned specification permitted hold rotational speed (rotational speed that can turn round continuously) for 4800min -1
From Figure 14 of being illustrated in the result of experiment of carrying out under such condition as can be seen, satisfy the self-aligning roller bearing of band retainer of (2) and (3) of the necessary condition of present embodiment, compare with the self-aligning roller bearing of band retainer of (1) beyond the technical scope of the present invention, can suppress the heating of outer ring.For example, be 4800min in rotational speed -1The time, can reduce about 2～3 ℃, be 9600min in rotational speed -1When (being permitted to hold the twice of rotational speed), can reduce about about 13 ℃.So as can be seen, according to the structure of present embodiment, the high more effect of the present invention of rotational speed is obvious more.
The 5th example of mode of execution
Figure 15 represents the 5th example of the embodiments of the present invention corresponding with Third Way.In the case of this example, be used to keep the retainer 4h of two row spherical rollers 3, with the existing structure shown in above-mentioned Figure 17,21,22 first and second, the situation of the retainer 4 of four examples, 4b, 4c is identical, uses one-piece type retainer.In the case of this example, owing to use so one-piece type retainer 4h, therefore worry to produce under the situation of difference at the revolution speed of above-mentioned two row spherical rollers 3, the difference of the revolution speed of the spherical roller 3 of the revolution speed of the spherical roller 3 of fast row and slow row impacts the rotation of above-mentioned retainer 4h.But, even produce at the revolution speed that uses one-piece type retainer 4h, two row spherical rollers 3 under the situation of difference, as mentioned above, if become the revolution speed that in about 0.4～2% scope of the maximum diameter of above-mentioned each spherical roller 3, can absorb above-mentioned each spherical roller 3 poor the recess gap design, then also can reduce the difference of this revolution speed to the influence that rotation applied of above-mentioned retainer 4f (in actual the use be unchallenged little by little).Other effects, effect are identical with the situation of above-mentioned the 4th example.
The self-aligning roller bearing of band retainer of the present invention uses with the state on the rotary supporting part of cylinder of the various industrial machine devices such as roller mill that are assembled in paper-making machine, metal etc., running shaft is bearing in the inboard of housing, in the self-aligning roller bearing of this band retainer, but can make each spherical roller stable posture, prevent each spherical roller deflection high speed rotating, and conveyor lubricant in recess expeditiously.
 Claims
(according to the modification of the 19th of treaty)
1. the self-aligning roller bearing with retainer is made of outer ring, inner ring, spherical roller and retainer, forms the outer race track of spherical concave surface on the inner peripheral surface of outer ring; On the outer circumferential face of inner ring, form a pair of inner race track relative with this outer race track; Spherical roller is being divided into two row, can freedom rollably is being provided with a plurality of in every row between outer race track and the inner race track; Retainer has a plurality of recesses that each spherical roller can free rollably be kept, this retainer is integrally manufactured by the material of copper class alloy or iron class alloy system being implemented cutting or grinding, it has the lip part and a plurality of post portion of ring, and described lip part is arranged between the described two row spherical rollers; Described post portion is under the state of the many places of the circumferencial direction of the axle direction side that each base end part is combined in this lip part, be arranged on the axle direction of described outer ring and inner ring, with each front end as the free end that does not combine with other parts, and, with the part between the adjacent in a circumferential direction post portion as described each recess, it is characterized in that, the length of each post portion is greater than 1/2 of the axle direction length of described each spherical roller, circumferencial direction side in each post portion, its fore-end is more outstanding to circumferencial direction than intermediate portion, and the interval between the front end circumferencial direction side of adjacent in a circumferential direction post portion is less than the maximum diameter of described each spherical roller.
2. the self-aligning roller bearing with retainer is made of outer ring, inner ring, spherical roller and retainer, forms the outer race track of spherical concave surface on the inner peripheral surface of outer ring; On the outer circumferential face of inner ring, form a pair of inner race track relative with this outer race track; Spherical roller is being divided into two row, can freedom rollably is being provided with a plurality of in every row between outer race track and the inner race track; Retainer has a plurality of recesses that each spherical roller can free rollably be kept, this retainer is integrally manufactured by the material of copper class alloy or iron class alloy system being implemented cutting or grinding, it has the lip part and a plurality of post portion of ring, and described lip part is arranged between the described two row spherical rollers; Described post portion is under the state of the many places of the circumferencial direction of the axle direction side that each base end part is combined in this lip part, be arranged on the axle direction of above-mentioned each spherical roller, with each front end as the free end that does not combine with other parts, and, with the part between the adjacent in a circumferential direction post portion as described each recess, it is characterized in that, the circumferencial direction bi-side of described each post portion are concave curved surface, this concave curved surface is relative with the rolling surface of described each spherical roller via the recess gap that can send lubricant oil to, with the section shape of this concave curved surface under the situation that the axle direction and the footpath direction of described retainer are represented, the radius of curvature of axial section shape is more than or equal to the axial radius of curvature of the rolling surface of described each spherical roller, the radius of curvature of the section shape of footpath direction only than the radius of curvature of the circumferencial direction of described rolling surface big with the suitable amount in described recess gap, and, bight at each recess connects the circumferencial direction bi-side of each post portion and axle direction one side of lip part by keeping out of the way recess, and the described recess of keeping out of the way is that circular-arc concave curved surface constitutes by radius of curvature more than or equal to the section of 1mm.
3. the self-aligning roller bearing with retainer is made of outer ring, inner ring, spherical roller and retainer, forms the outer race track of spherical concave surface on the inner peripheral surface of outer ring; On the outer circumferential face of inner ring, form a pair of inner race track relative with this outer race track; Spherical roller is being divided into two row, can freedom rollably is being provided with a plurality of in every row between outer race track and the inner race track; Retainer has post portion in the many places of circumferencial direction, have a plurality of recesses that can free rollably keep each spherical roller between the adjacent in a circumferential direction post portion, the direction position, footpath that inner face by described each recess and engaging of described each spherical roller limit this retainer, it is characterized in that, be located under the central shaft of this retainer state consistent with the central shaft of the self-aligning roller bearing of this band retainer, be located at described each spherical roller under the situation of the circumferencial direction central authorities between the adjacent post portion of circumferencial direction, the circumferencial direction side of the rolling surface of each spherical roller and each post portion, the beeline of the footpath direction of described retainer is H 1, being located at described each spherical roller and leaving under the relative face situation farthest of end face in the inner face of described each recess with each spherical roller, the beeline of footpath face that these are relative and end face, described retainer direction is H 2, satisfy H in this case 1〉=H 2
4. the self-aligning roller bearing of band retainer as claimed in claim 1 or 2 is characterized in that, the direction position, footpath of retainer is limited with the engaging of rolling surface of each spherical roller according to the circumferencial direction bi-side of each post portion.
5. as the self-aligning roller bearing of each described band retainer in the claim 1 to 4, it is characterized in that, be used to keep the spherical roller of row retainer, with the retainer of the spherical roller that is used to keep another row can be separate with the relative rotation.
6. as the self-aligning roller bearing of each described band retainer in the claim 1 to 4, it is characterized in that, be used to keep the spherical roller of row retainer, with the retainer of the spherical roller that is used to keep another row, be the one-piece type of post portion to be set in the axle direction both sides of shared flange.
7. as the self-aligning roller bearing of each described band retainer in the claim 1 to 6, it is characterized in that there is not convex edge in outer circumferential face at the two end part of inner ring.
8. a self-aligning roller bearing is with the manufacture method of retainer, it is the manufacture method that is assembled in the retainer in the self-aligning roller bearing of the band retainer described in the claim 2, it is characterized in that, with cutting tool insert in a plurality of blank post portion in the adjacent blank post portion of circumferencial direction each other, each base end part of described blank post portion combines in the many places of the circumferencial direction of the axle direction side of this lip part with the lip part of ring, simultaneously, as the free end that does not combine, and make interval between the circumferencial direction bi-side each front end less than the external diameter of each spherical roller with other parts; The outer circumferential face of described cutting tool is a convex surface, in the section shape of this convex surface, the radius of curvature of axial section shape is more than or equal to the axial radius of curvature of the rolling surface of described each spherical roller, the radius of curvature of the section shape of circumferencial direction is less than the radius of curvature of the circumferencial direction of described rolling surface, this cutting tool one side rotation, one side are revolved round the sun round the central shaft of the part that should become recess, cut the circumferencial direction bi-side of described each blank post portion.
9. the self-aligning roller bearing as claimed in claim 8 manufacture method of retainer, it is characterized in that, the radius of curvature of front end that is arranged on cutting tool by utilization is more than or equal to the section of the 1mm continuous part for axle direction one side of the convex surface part of circular arc, the circumferencial direction bi-side of cutting each blank post portion and lip part, be manufactured on have on this part radius of curvature more than or equal to the section of 1mm be circular arc concave curved surface, be installed in the retainer in the self-aligning roller bearing of the described band retainer of claim 8.
10. the self-aligning roller bearing of band retainer as claimed in claim 3 is characterized in that, the internal void is for just, and in use, load acts on downwards with respect to inner ring, and downside becomes the load circle, and upside becomes non-load circle.

Claims (11)

1. the self-aligning roller bearing with retainer is made of outer ring, inner ring, a plurality of spherical roller and retainer, forms the outer race track of spherical concave surface on the inner peripheral surface of outer ring; On the outer circumferential face of inner ring, form a pair of inner race track relative with this outer race track; Spherical roller is being divided into two row, can freedom rollably is being provided with a plurality of in every row between outer race track and the inner race track; Retainer has a plurality of recesses that each spherical roller can free rollably be kept, and this retainer has the lip part and a plurality of post portion of ring, and described lip part is arranged between the described two row spherical rollers; Described post portion is under the state of the many places of the circumferencial direction of the axle direction side that each base end part is combined in this lip part, be arranged on the axle direction of described outer ring and inner ring, with each front end as the free end that does not combine with other parts, and, with the part between the adjacent in a circumferential direction post portion as described each recess, it is characterized in that, the length of each post portion is greater than 1/2 of the axle direction length of described each spherical roller, circumferencial direction side in each post portion, its fore-end is more outstanding to circumferencial direction than intermediate portion, and the interval between the front end circumferencial direction side of adjacent in a circumferential direction post portion is less than the maximum diameter of described each spherical roller.
2. the self-aligning roller bearing with retainer is made of outer ring, inner ring, a plurality of spherical roller and retainer, forms the outer race track of spherical concave surface on the inner peripheral surface of outer ring; On the outer circumferential face of inner ring, form a pair of inner race track relative with this outer race track; Spherical roller is being divided into two row, can freedom rollably is being provided with a plurality of in every row between outer race track and the inner race track; Retainer has a plurality of recesses that each spherical roller can free rollably be kept, and this retainer has the lip part and a plurality of post portion of ring, and described lip part is arranged between the described two row spherical rollers; Described post portion is under the state of the many places of the circumferencial direction of the axle direction side that each base end part is combined in this lip part, be arranged on the axle direction of above-mentioned each spherical roller, with each front end as the free end that does not combine with other parts, and, with the part between the adjacent in a circumferential direction post portion as described each recess, it is characterized in that, the circumferencial direction bi-side of described each post portion are concave curved surface, this concave curved surface is relative with the rolling surface of described each spherical roller via the recess gap that can send lubricant oil to, with the section shape of this concave curved surface under the situation that the axle direction and the footpath direction of described retainer are represented, the radius of curvature of the section shape of axle aspect is more than or equal to the axial radius of curvature of the rolling surface of described each spherical roller, the radius of curvature of the section shape of footpath direction only than the radius of curvature of the circumferencial direction of described rolling surface big with the suitable amount in described recess gap.
3. the self-aligning roller bearing with retainer is made of outer ring, inner ring, a plurality of spherical roller and retainer, forms the outer race track of spherical concave surface on the inner peripheral surface of outer ring; On the outer circumferential face of inner ring, form a pair of inner race track relative with this outer race track; Spherical roller is being divided into two row, can freedom rollably is being provided with a plurality of in every row between outer race track and the inner race track; Retainer has post portion in the many places of circumferencial direction, have a plurality of recesses that can free rollably keep each spherical roller between the adjacent in a circumferential direction post portion, by the inner face of described each recess and engaging of described each spherical roller, limit the direction position, footpath of this retainer, it is characterized in that, be located under the central shaft of this retainer state consistent with the central shaft of the self-aligning roller bearing of this band retainer, be located at described each spherical roller under the situation of the circumferencial direction central authorities between the adjacent post portion of circumferencial direction, the circumferencial direction side of the rolling surface of each spherical roller and each post portion, the beeline of the footpath direction of described retainer is H 1, being located at described each spherical roller and leaving under the relative face situation farthest of end face in the inner face of described each recess with each spherical roller, the beeline of footpath face that these are relative and end face, described retainer direction is H 2, satisfy H in this case 1〉=H 2
4. the self-aligning roller bearing of band retainer as claimed in claim 1 or 2 is characterized in that, the direction position, footpath of retainer is limited with the engaging of rolling surface of each spherical roller according to the circumferencial direction bi-side of each post portion.
5. as the self-aligning roller bearing of each described band retainer in the claim 1 to 4, it is characterized in that, be used to keep the spherical roller of row retainer, with the retainer of the spherical roller that is used to keep another row can be separate with the relative rotation.
6. as the self-aligning roller bearing of each described band retainer in the claim 1 to 4, it is characterized in that, be used to keep the spherical roller of row retainer, with the retainer of the spherical roller that is used to keep another row, be the one-piece type of post portion to be set in the axle direction both sides of shared rib.
7. as the self-aligning roller bearing of each described band retainer in the claim 1 to 6, it is characterized in that there is not convex edge in outer circumferential face at the two end part of inner ring.
8. the self-aligning roller bearing of band retainer as claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that, utilize radius of curvature continuous for axle direction one side of the concave curved surface of circular arc, the circumferencial direction bi-side that make each post portion and lip part in the bight of each recess more than or equal to the section of 1mm.
9. a self-aligning roller bearing is with the manufacture method of retainer, it is the manufacture method that is assembled in the retainer in the self-aligning roller bearing of the band retainer described in the claim 2, it is characterized in that, with cutting tool insert in a plurality of blank post portion in the adjacent blank post portion of circumferencial direction each other, each base end part of described blank post portion combines in the many places of the circumferencial direction of the axle direction side of this lip part with the lip part of ring, simultaneously, as the free end that does not combine, and make interval between the circumferencial direction bi-side each front end less than the external diameter of each spherical roller with other parts; The outer circumferential face of described cutting tool is a convex surface, in the section shape of this convex surface, the radius of curvature of axial section shape is greater than the axial radius of curvature of the rolling surface of described each spherical roller, the radius of curvature of the section shape of circumferencial direction is less than the radius of curvature of the circumferencial direction of described rolling surface, make the rotation of this cutting tool one side, one side central shaft revolution, cut the circumferencial direction bi-side of described blank post portion round the part that should become recess.
10. the self-aligning roller bearing as claimed in claim 9 manufacture method of retainer, it is characterized in that, the radius of curvature of front end that is arranged on cutting tool by utilization is more than or equal to the section of the 1mm continuous part for axle direction one side of the convex surface part of circular arc, the circumferencial direction bi-side of cutting each blank post portion and lip part, be manufactured on have on this part radius of curvature more than or equal to the section of 1mm be circular arc concave curved surface, be installed in the retainer of the self-aligning roller bearing of the described band retainer of claim 8.
11. the self-aligning roller bearing of band retainer as claimed in claim 3 is characterized in that, the internal void is for just, and in use, load acts on downwards with respect to inner ring, and downside becomes the load circle, and upside becomes non-load circle.
CNB2005800250858A 2004-11-24 2005-11-22 Self-aligning roller bearing with retainer and method of manufacturing the retainer for the self-aligning roller bearing Active CN100489328C (en)

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JPWO2006057258A1 (en) 2008-08-07
JP4985861B2 (en) 2012-07-25

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