CN101035264A - Content distribution network system and its content and service scheduling method - Google Patents
Content distribution network system and its content and service scheduling method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention is a service scheduling method for a content distributing network, applied to a content distributing network comprising terminals and service nodes, where the service node comprises guiding unit and media unit; and the method comprises the steps of: A. a terminal initiates a searching request for it address and media content information to a guiding unit in its local area; B. if this local area does not have the media contents, adopting P2P protocol to transmit the searching request above to other service nodes; C. the guiding unit of a service node having the media contents sends searching request response to the terminal; D. the terminal sends service application information to the guiding unit of the service node having the media contents; E. the guiding unit of the service node having the media contents sends reorienting information including media unit address information in the service node able to provide the terminal with the corresponding media service; F. the terminal sends service request to the media unit above.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of content distribution network system and content thereof and service scheduling method.
Background technology
At present, IPTV system, distributed flow media system all adopt the system constructing scheme that adds the cluster streaming media server based on traditional CDN (Content Delivery Network, content distributing network) usually.Traditional CDN organizes media node according to tree, the transmission direction of medium is superior node one-way transmissions to the next stage node, and media store then is that the content of root node storage full content, father node storage has comprised the content of all child nodes; Media services location generally is successively to launch from top to bottom, provides service by the most close user's the downstream site that possesses content.Therefore, the content that comprises in the system is many more, customer volume is big more, requirement to storage capacity, disposal ability and the Network Transmission bandwidth of node all can improve constantly along with the increase of node level, and the funneling effect that converges promptly occurred: the bandwidth of user terminal and service request summation are much larger than convergence-level upstream bandwidth and service ability summation.
Simultaneously, for the reasonable distribution system loading, storage capacity, disposal ability and the network bandwidth of nodes at different levels disposed and plans in general requirement according to a certain percentage.Like this, the number of users increase in a zone can require the disposal ability of nodes at different levels to increase in proportion, and the increase of whole system media content also needs to expand synchronously the storage capacity of nodes at different levels, causes the difficulty of system scale expansion.In addition, also there is great Single Point of Faliure risk in the tree network structure, and reliability is not high.
IPTV system, distributed flow media system need insert the video content of magnanimity from a plurality of content source, its total capacity will reach hundreds of T even thousands of T, need the number of users of concurrent service to reach up to ten million even more than one hundred million scales, original system constructing scheme that adds the cluster streaming media server based on traditional C DN all can't satisfy carrier-class operation demand in many-sides such as construction cost, memory capacity, network overhead, concurrent ability, reliability, extensibility and operation maintenance.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is, overcome the deficiency of content distribution network system in the prior art, propose a kind ofly, and propose content scheduling and service scheduling method based on said system by content distribution network system a plurality of equities, that form based on the service node of the shared storage of point-to-point protocol and service ability.
In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, the invention provides a kind of service scheduling method of content distributing network, be applied to comprise the content distributing network of terminal and service node, wherein service node comprises pilot unit, media units; This method comprises following steps:
A: terminal initiates to comprise the searching request of this terminal address and media content information to the pilot unit in its ownership district;
B:, then adopt the P2P agreement to transmit above-mentioned searching request to other service node if this ownership district does not possess this media content;
C: the pilot unit that possesses the service node of this media content sends searching request to terminal and replys;
D: terminal sends service request message to the above-mentioned pilot unit that possesses the service node of this media content;
E: the above-mentioned pilot unit that possesses the service node of this media content sends to comprise to this terminal and can be the redirect message that this terminal provides the media units address information of respective media service in this service node;
F: terminal sends service request to above-mentioned media units.
In addition, also comprise following steps after the described step F:
G: pilot unit sends the redirect message that comprises purpose media units information to the terminal of accepting source media units service;
H: terminal sends the service request that comprises media content and positional information to the above-mentioned purpose media units;
I: terminal stops the service of source media units.
In addition, described pilot unit also comprises following steps for the source pilot unit of the source service node of service is provided for described terminal between described step F and G:
F1: described source pilot unit adopts the P2P agreement to send the searching request that comprises described media content information to other service node;
F2: the purpose service node that possesses above-mentioned media content returns the Search Results that comprises purpose media units information to the source pilot unit.
In addition, also comprise step between described step D and the E: send the notice comprise described media content information to the described media units that can be this terminal and provide media services and admit message.
In addition, described source media units is the media units of the non-attribution district node of described terminal; Between described step F and G, also comprise following steps:
Described terminal periodically sends the media content information that comprises its media services of accepting and the recurrence query messages of positional information to pilot unit of its ownership district's node, provide respective service if its ownership district node can be it, then comprise the redirect message that can be the purpose media units information in its ownership district that media services are provided to its transmission at described step G.
The present invention also provides a kind of content scheduling method of content distributing network, is applied to comprise the content distributing network of a plurality of service nodes, and wherein service node comprises pilot unit, media units; This method comprises following steps:
A): pilot unit adopt the P2P agreement in its service node or other service node search comprise the source server of media content;
B): adopt file transfer protocol (FTP) with breakpoint transmission function, media content from source server is loaded into media server its service node, and is carried out the backup of varying number in the media server of program request frequency in its service node according to media content.
In addition, when the request quantity about media content that receives when the purpose service node exceeded the service ability of this service node, the method includes the steps of:
C): adopt the P2P agreement to search for the source media units that comprises this media content in this purpose service node or outside the purpose service node;
D): adopt stream transmission mode that this media content is loaded into the purpose service node from the source media units.
In addition, periodically carry out the program request frequency statistics of media content.
The present invention also provides a kind of content distribution network system, comprises terminal and service node, it is characterized in that, each service node comprises pilot unit and media units, and carries out sharing of media content and media service capability as the P2P node, wherein:
Described media units is used for the storage, transmission of video content and provides Video service for terminal;
Described pilot unit is used for the service request that receiving terminal is initiated, and adopts the P2P agreement to carry out the search location of media content in described content distribution network system, and controls media content storage, transmission and the service of described media units.
In addition, described terminal attaching is in the service node nearest with it, and by this service node management be preferably it service is provided.
The invention solves the funneling effect problem that video flowing converges, improved the network handling capacity, therefore improved the scale extended capability of system, make the IPTV system be able to level and smooth expansion; In addition, the present invention has also improved the admittance ability and the reliability of system, has reduced the construction and the maintenance cost of system.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a content distribution network system structural representation of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the distribution schematic diagram of prediction scheduling back media content in service node;
Fig. 3 adopts method of the present invention to carry out the schematic diagram of instant scheduling;
Fig. 4 adopts method of the present invention to carry out the flow process of service dispatch;
Fig. 5 is the schematic diagram that media content is carried out the P2P search;
Fig. 6 serves the flow chart of scheduling again in service node;
Fig. 7 strides service node to serve the flow chart of scheduling again;
Fig. 8 is the flow chart of being dispatched again by the service request that terminal is initiated.
Embodiment
Basic ideas of the present invention are: the service node that content distribution network system is divided into a plurality of equities, between node, carry out content and service ability and share, propose content scheduling and service scheduling method simultaneously based on the foregoing distributing network system by P2P agreement (as the Gnutella agreement).
Describe the present invention below in conjunction with drawings and Examples.
Fig. 1 is a content distribution network system structural representation of the present invention.As shown in Figure 1, the video content distributing network system is made up of terminal, Video service network.Wherein, the Video service network is made up of the Video service node of a plurality of equities.Each Video service node comprises a content service pilot unit (hereinafter to be referred as pilot unit) and a plurality of media services unit (hereinafter to be referred as media units), can connect by Ethernet switch between pilot unit and the media units.
Wherein, the Video service network is superimposed upon and forms a special business network on the IP bearer network, is used to terminal that Video service is provided.
The Video service node is connected to the IP bearer network by switch or router; Carry out sharing of media resource and service ability by P2P (point-to-point) agreement between each Video service node.
Pilot unit is used to carry out content scheduling and service dispatch, media store, transmission and the service of control media services unit.Pilot unit carries out the mutual of control information with terminal and media service system on the one hand, media resource and media service capability to intranodal manage and dispatch, and the pilot unit as P2P node and other nodes carries out alternately to realize the whole network resource-sharing on the other hand.
Media units is used for storage, transmission and the service of video content.Each media units possesses independent memory device and handles resource, realizes media services alternately by carrying out media data with terminal.
Terminal is used to initiate media service request, receiving media data, and the broadcast of decoding.
Each user terminal belongs to and a nearest Video service node of its distance (weighing with the jumping figure of IP network usually), by this service node it is managed and Priority Service, the user and the service node thereof that belong to the same services node are formed an ownership district.
Based on above-mentioned video content distributing network system structure, the present invention proposes content corresponding dispatching method and service scheduling method, to realize sharing of system video content and Video service.
To the content scheduling method of video content distributing network of the present invention be described below.Content scheduling method of the present invention mainly is divided into prediction scheduling and instant scheduling two parts.
Prediction scheduling: periodically the program request frequency of the media content of each service node is added up, and media content is divided into a plurality of program request frequency classifications, for example: superthermal, backing and cold according to up-to-date program request frequency value; And distribute and adjust the number of copies of all kinds of media contents of intranodal with this.
The prediction scheduling is to carry out during the spare time in system, and transmission priority is minimum, in order to avoid influence system's online service.The media delivery of prediction scheduling adopts the file transfer mode of band breakpoint transmission to carry out, and content source can be selected from the service node or other service node.When the media server that adopts other service node during, can search for media content by the P2P agreement as content source.Certainly, also this service node can be carried out the search of media content as one of P2P search node.
Adopt the file transfer mode of band breakpoint transmission to predict that the benefit of scheduling is: when a source media server or and this media server between network load when heavier, can in transmission course, change the source media server, to accelerate the speed of prediction scheduling, reduce the influence that ongoing other service on the source server is caused.
Aspect the distribution of copy, require the backup copy of the media content in the media units to be evenly distributed in other media units of intranodal as far as possible, for example, certain service node always has 6 media units, 100 films have been loaded at media units 1, every film needs 1 backup, then can respectively back up 20 films in all the other 5 media units.The benefit of doing like this is that when media units 1 lost efficacy, the extra service load that is produced can evenly be born by other media units, has also created condition for the scheduling again of service simultaneously.
Because the program request frequency statistics of media content has periodically, so the program request frequency classification of each media content all may change, and need periodically adjust its number of copies with this.In addition, when the memory space of media units exhausted, newly-increased media content or the media content of increase copy needed to replace existing media content, selected usually that exist and conduct program request frequency value minimum is replaced media content in the media units of service node.
Fig. 2 is the distribution schematic diagram of prediction scheduling back media content in service node.As shown in Figure 2, media content of 1 to 17 each digitized representation, wherein, media content 1 is superthermal; Media content 2,3,4,5 is a backing; All the other are cold.Only deposit two copies, superthermal for cold and all have a copy at each media units, the copy number of backing falls between.During first the loading, backing has copy in two media units of node, and follow-up the variation according to its temperature increases and decreases copy.Simultaneously, when loading backing and cold for the first time, the media content in media units media units of all the other in service node equably backs up.
Instant scheduling: when the online request sum of certain media content in the ownership district reached pre-set threshold, then the service node in this ownership district loaded this media content copy or increases the media content copy number.Loading or increasing the purpose media units that copies is online request load the lowest in this ownership district.
The source media units is preferentially selected the media units in the service node, when there is not this media content in the media units in the service node, then by searching for the media units of selecting other service node as the source by the P2P agreement between service node.
The media delivery of instant scheduling adopts streaming mode.Adopting the benefit of flow transmission instant scheduling is that the purpose media units can provide the part service of this media content to the user in the transmission course of media content.
Fig. 3 adopts method of the present invention to carry out the schematic diagram of instant scheduling.As shown in Figure 3, before the instant scheduling, the source media units provides 6 service: S1 to S6 of media content 1.Instant scheduling begins, and sets up a dedicated transmissions stream t1 between source media units and purpose media units, purpose media units storing media content in transmission, and follow-up new request S7 about media content 1 can be served by the purpose media units.If for a certain reason, the speed of transport stream t1 is slower than the broadcasting speed of medium; Maybe this request user carries out forwarding operation, during the part of having stored in the F.F. process will be above the purpose media units, S7 can be dispatched to the source media units and serve.As time goes on, the media content of purpose media units storage is on the increase, and its service ability constantly strengthens, and when finishing the duplicating of media content 1, instant scheduling is finished.
To describe service scheduling method of the present invention below.
Fig. 4 adopts method of the present invention to carry out the flow chart of service dispatch.As shown in Figure 4, service scheduling method of the present invention comprises following steps:
101: terminal is initiated searching request to the pilot unit in its ownership district, comprises the IP address of this terminal and the identification information of the media content of being searched in this request.
102:, then jump to step 103 if the media units in this terminal attaching district comprises the media content that terminal is searched for; Otherwise ownership district pilot unit adopts the P2P agreement to transmit above-mentioned searching request to the pilot unit of other service node.
The type of searching request is a service request, is service request and carries out media content positioning.
103: the pilot unit that possesses the service node of the media content of asking returns searching request to terminal and replys.
As shown in Figure 5, ownership district pilot unit adopts P2P protocol broadcast searching request, receive in the pilot unit inquiry media units in its service node of this searching request and whether comprise the media content of asking, if possess the media content of asking in its service node, and possess extra service ability, then return searching request and reply to terminal.
104: terminal is selected the pilot unit (for example pilot unit 1) of a service node in the searching request that receives is replied, and sends service request message to it.
105: pilot unit distributes according to the media content in its service node and loading condition is selected a media units, sends notice to this media units and admits message.Notice is admitted in the message and is comprised the media content identification information of being asked, and receives notice and admits the media units of message to begin to carry out media services preparation, for example, reads media content etc. from disk.
106: pilot unit sends redirect message to terminal.Being included as terminal in the redirect message provides the address information of the media units of service.
107: terminal sends service request to media units.The positional information that comprises the media content of being asked in this service request.
108: media server sends Media Stream to terminal, for it provides media services.
More than described from terminal and initiated searching request begins to provide for terminal media services to the media units that possesses respective media content and service ability service dispatch flow process.In some cases, finish at above-mentioned service dispatch, after media units begins to provide media services for terminal, also need this service is carried out in the service node or striden the service dispatch of service node.For convenience of description, it is called scheduling again, the flow process of above-mentioned steps 101 to 108 is called scheduling first.
The scheduling again of media services takes place under following situation usually:
One, after the angelica service node increases certain media content, or in the mode of stream when carrying out content scheduling, if this ownership district has terminal that the service of this media content is being provided by other service node, the service that then needs to stride service node is dispatched again, media server by the ownership district provides media services for this terminal, to improve service quality and to reduce network overhead;
Two,, terminal do not possess the required subsequent media content of this service for providing the media server of media services, for example when striding the instant scheduling of service node, provide the respective media service for terminal, and the required media content of this service is when having exceeded the scope that the purpose medium of instant scheduling have preserved, need that this service dispatch is had the media server of respective media content to source media server or other, also need stride the service of service node in this case and dispatch again;
Three, the service of carrying out in the service node for purposes such as load balances is dispatched again.
Fig. 6 serves the flow chart of scheduling again in service node.As shown in Figure 6, serving again in service node, scheduling comprises following steps:
201: media units 1 provides media services (Media Stream 1) for terminal;
202: pilot unit sends redirect message to terminal, and the respective service of Media Stream 1 is directed to media units 2 in the same service node;
203: terminal sends service request to media units 2;
204: media units 2 provides corresponding media services (Media Stream 2) for terminal;
205: terminal sends message to media units 1, stops the transmission of Media Stream 1.
Fig. 7 strides service node to serve the flow chart of scheduling again.As shown in Figure 7, striding service node serves scheduling again and comprises following steps:
301: media units 1 provides media services (Media Stream 1) for terminal;
302: pilot unit sends the P2P searching request to other service node;
If known certain service node of pilot unit possesses corresponding media content and service ability, can be only send searching request to the pilot unit of this service node.
The type of searching request is a service dispatch, is service dispatch and carries out media content positioning.
303: the pilot unit (as pilot unit 2) that possesses the service node of respective media content and service ability returns the searching request response message, comprises the address information of the media units that the respective media service can be provided in this message.
304: pilot unit 1 sends redirect message to terminal, the respective service of Media Stream 1 is directed to the media units 2 of other service node;
305: terminal sends service request to media units 2;
306: media units 2 provides corresponding media services (Media Stream 2) for terminal;
307: terminal sends message to media units 1, stops the transmission of Media Stream 1.
Notice that above-mentioned service is dispatched all by pilot unit again and initiate that in fact terminal also can initiatively be initiated service scheduling again.For example above-mentioned situation one, the terminal active request will be served from the non-attribution node scheduling to home node.
Fig. 8 is the flow chart of being dispatched again by the service request that terminal is initiated.As shown in Figure 8, provided by other service node in the process of media services, terminal periodic sends the recurrence query requests to the guiding server of its home node, comprises the identification information and the current location information of media content in this request; Can't be if its home node is current for it provide respective service, then the guiding server of its home node sends NAK (Non-AcKnowledgement, Negative Acknowledgement) message to this terminal; If its home node begins to introduce respective media stream, and can be this terminal service is provided, the server that then leads sends redirect message, and this terminal is carried out follow-up service scheduling operation more subsequently.
Certainly, the service of initiating by terminal dispatch again also can be with service dispatch to the non-attribution node, flow process is similar.
Claims (10)
1, a kind of service scheduling method of content distributing network is applied to comprise the content distributing network of terminal and service node, and wherein service node comprises pilot unit, media units; This method comprises following steps:
A: terminal initiates to comprise the searching request of this terminal address and media content information to the pilot unit in its ownership district;
B:, then adopt the P2P agreement to transmit above-mentioned searching request to other service node if this ownership district does not possess this media content;
C: the pilot unit that possesses the service node of this media content sends searching request to terminal and replys;
D: terminal sends service request message to the above-mentioned pilot unit that possesses the service node of this media content;
E: the above-mentioned pilot unit that possesses the service node of this media content sends to comprise to this terminal and can be the redirect message that this terminal provides the media units address information of respective media service in this service node;
F: terminal sends service request to above-mentioned media units.
2, the service scheduling method of content distributing network as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, also comprises following steps after the described step F:
G: pilot unit sends the redirect message that comprises purpose media units information to the terminal of accepting source media units service;
H: terminal sends the service request that comprises media content and positional information to the above-mentioned purpose media units;
I: terminal stops the service of source media units.
3, the service scheduling method of content distributing network as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that, described pilot unit also comprises following steps for the source pilot unit of the source service node of service is provided for described terminal between described step F and G:
F1: described source pilot unit adopts the P2P agreement to send the searching request that comprises described media content information to other service node;
F2: the purpose service node that possesses above-mentioned media content returns the Search Results that comprises purpose media units information to the source pilot unit.
4, the service scheduling method of content distributing network as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, also comprise step between described step D and the E: send the notice comprise described media content information to the described media units that can be this terminal and provide media services and admit message.
5, the service scheduling method of content distributing network as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that, described source media units is the media units of the non-attribution district node of described terminal; Between described step F and G, also comprise following steps:
Described terminal periodically sends the media content information that comprises its media services of accepting and the recurrence query messages of positional information to pilot unit of its ownership district's node, provide respective service if its ownership district node can be it, then comprise the redirect message that can be the purpose media units information in its ownership district that media services are provided to its transmission at described step G.
6, a kind of content scheduling method of content distributing network is applied to comprise the content distributing network of a plurality of service nodes, and wherein service node comprises pilot unit, media units; This method comprises following steps:
A): pilot unit adopt the P2P agreement in its service node or other service node search comprise the source server of media content;
B): adopt file transfer protocol (FTP) with breakpoint transmission function, media content from source server is loaded into media server its service node, and is carried out the backup of varying number in the media server of program request frequency in its service node according to media content.
7, the content scheduling method of content distributing network as claimed in claim 6 is characterized in that, when the request quantity about media content that receives when the purpose service node exceeded the service ability of this service node, the method includes the steps of:
C): adopt the P2P agreement to search for the source media units that comprises this media content in this purpose service node or outside the purpose service node;
D): adopt stream transmission mode that this media content is loaded into the purpose service node from the source media units.
8, the content scheduling method of content distributing network as claimed in claim 6 is characterized in that, periodically carries out the program request frequency statistics of media content.
9, a kind of content distribution network system comprises terminal and service node, it is characterized in that, each service node comprises pilot unit and media units, and carries out sharing of media content and media service capability as the P2P node, wherein:
Described media units is used for the storage, transmission of video content and provides Video service for terminal;
Described pilot unit is used for the service request that receiving terminal is initiated, and adopts the P2P agreement to carry out the search location of media content in described content distribution network system, and controls media content storage, transmission and the service of described media units.
10, content distribution network system as claimed in claim 9 is characterized in that, described terminal attaching is in the service node nearest with it, and by this service node management be preferably it service is provided.
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