CN101030915A - 一种V_Switch透传数据实现负荷分担的方法 - Google Patents

一种V_Switch透传数据实现负荷分担的方法 Download PDF

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CN101030915A
CN101030915A CNA2007100866150A CN200710086615A CN101030915A CN 101030915 A CN101030915 A CN 101030915A CN A2007100866150 A CNA2007100866150 A CN A2007100866150A CN 200710086615 A CN200710086615 A CN 200710086615A CN 101030915 A CN101030915 A CN 101030915A
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switch
interface
message
vlan label
vlan
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CN100466590C (zh
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杨扬
曲原
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ZTE Corp
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ZTE Corp
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Abstract

本发明提出了一种V_Switch透传数据实现负荷分担的方法，V_Switch设备对其入接口收到的报文进行处理，从其出接口转发出带有VLAN标签的报文和不带有VLAN标签的报文；实接口对所述不带有VLAN标签的报文进行处理，终结接口对所述带有VLAN标签的报文进行终结处理，去除VLAN标签；对已经终结的报文进行三层的路由查找，判断是否需要进行负荷分担处理，如果需要，则进行负荷分担处理。本发明实现了V_Switch模块和负载均衡模块之间的交互。

Description

一种V_Switch透传数据实现负荷分担的方法
技术领域
本发明涉及网络通信中虚拟交换(V_Switch)技术领域，尤其涉及一种V_Switch透传数据实现负荷分担的方法。
背景技术
网络已经成为人们日常工作和生活中必不可少的工具，在网络上进行数据传输的方法有很多，使用最为广泛的就是以路由为基础的逐跳报文转发模式，也就是IP转发方式。
在OSI(开放式通信系统)模型中，对于IP转发的处理被定义在第三层，IP将物理地址隐藏起来，互联网自IP层开始表现为统一的地址格式，IP层以上的各层均使用IP地址，而物理网络内部，依然使用各自原来的物理地址。具体来说，对于一个以太网络，LAN中的设备通过二层地址，即MAC地址建立通信，当不同的LAN希望相互联系时，就需要通过IP来完成。在网络中具体承担这个任务的就是路由器。
大多数情况下，路由器承担的是三层转发任务，但是有些情况下也有例外。比如在“路由器+宽带接入服务器(BAS)”这种组网方式中，路由器具有双重身份。第一种身份是完成数据汇聚，提供大客户的接入(VPN)、QoS、NAT、组播等其他业务，这时路由器承担的任务还是三层的数据转发。第二种身份是把基于以太链路的点到点协议(PPPoE)数据包转发给BAS设备，由于PPPoE数据包本身是二层报文，转发时无法查找三层IP，所以此时路由器必须充当二层透传设备，为此，V_Switch这种方式被应用到路由器上。
V_Switch技术的实质，是将接口收到的报文进行VLAN ID的替换，本质上是二层转发，并没有对IP地址作任何改变。建立了V_Switch转发表以后，所有进入V_Switch接口的数据包都按照V_Switch转发表处理，这种方式对PPPoE数据包的处理很有效。PPPoE数据的封装方式，是将点到点协议(PPP)数据封装在Ethernet头的开销(payload)中，这样处理的原因，是为了解决在以太网环境下传输PPP数据包的问题。对于路由器这样的设备，并没有去识别Ethernet帧中的开销，只是简单的将报文转发到BAS上，这时，到达BAS的报文已经是一个PPPoE的数据包，或者也可以由BAS设备将V_Switch替换以后的VLAN ID以及Ethernet剥离，然后进行认证、计费等等处理。
V_Switch的功能同时也可以令路由器上下行接口连接的设备实现不同VLAN域的互通，但是由于此时路由器的两个接口是二层透传接口，所以不能实现处于不同IP网段的设备的通信，也正是由于不能根据三层IP转发，通过V_Switch透传数据不能够实现负载均衡这样的三层功能。
发明内容
本发明提出一种V_Switch透传数据实现负荷分担的方法，能够解决V_Switch转发过程中不能实现负载均衡这样三层功能的问题。
为此，本发明采取以下技术方案：
一种V_Switch透传数据实现负荷分担的方法，包括以下步骤：
A、V_Switch设备对其入接口收到的报文进行处理，从其出接口转发出带有VLAN标签的报文和不带有VLAN标签的报文；
B、终结接口对所述带有VLAN标签的报文进行终结处理，去除VLAN标签；
C、对不带有VLAN标签的报文和已经去除VLAN标签的报文进行三层的路由查找，判断是否需要进行负荷分担处理，如果需要，则进行负荷分担处理。
步骤A进一步包括以下步骤：
A1、定义V_Switch转发表，将接口和VLAN标签替换规则进行关联；
A2、V_Switch设备入接口收到所述报文后，检查所述入接口的转发模式是V_Switch模式后，进入步骤A3，否则进入其他转发方式流程；
A3、判断所述报文是IP包后，进入步骤A4，否则进入其他转发方式流程；
A4、微码查找所述V_Switch转发表，判断所述报文能够匹配，进入步骤A5，否则进入步骤A6；
A5、判断所述报文在转发之后VLAN标签是否为0，如果是，则去除VLAN标签，如果否，则用所述V_Switch转发表中的VLAN标签封装所述报文；
A6、微码检查接口的转发模式是否为混合模式，如果是，则进入其他转发方式流程，如果否，则丢弃所述报文。
步骤B中所述终结接口对所述带有VLAN标签的报文进行终结处理进一步包括以下步骤：
B1、使用与所述V_Switch出接口相同类型的接口作为终结接口，在所述终结接口上配置子接口，封装VLAN标签，所述VLAN标签与对应的V_Switch出接口发出的VLAN标签相同；
B2、使用线缆联接所述V_Switch出接口和所述终结接口在相同的路由器上；
B3、在所述子接口上配置IP地址，使用的网段与所述V_Switch入接口所接入的网段相同；
B4、对所述V_Switch出接口发送给所述终结接口的报文的VLAN标签进行匹配，如果正确，则去除VLAN标签，否则丢弃所述报文。
步骤C还包括以下步骤：
如果不需要进行负荷分担处理，所述报文进行常规的三层转发处理。
采用了本发明的技术方案，V_Switch透传数据能够实现负载均衡这样的三层功能。
附图说明
图1是V_Switch网络结构示意图；
图2为本具体实施方式中V_Switch透传数据实现负荷分担的流程图。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图，并通过具体实施方式对本发明的技术方案作进一步说明。
为了让数据在V_Switch转发过程中也能够实现负载均衡，首要的目标就是令V_Switch设备在进行转发的同时能够识别三层报文。该设备包括进行V_Switch转发的V_Switch二层透传模块，以及能够完成流量在链路上均衡分配的负载均衡模块。这两个模块在路由器上已经实现，但是由于所属的网络层次不同，互相之间不能够建立直接的联系。所以需要建立一个连接这两个功能的新机制，即将经过二层转发的数据交由三层处理的模块。
图1是V_Switch网络结构示意图。如图1所示，V_Switch设备在该组网中的作用就是在主机发出来的IP包头之外增加一个VLAN ID，然后转发至网络设备1或者网络设备2。举例说明，这里的网络设备1可以是一个BAS设备，主机可以是一个PPPoE用户，在这个网络中没有加入交换机，所以主机上送至V-Switch设备的报文不带VLAN ID，经过V_Switch转换之后送至网络设备1，即BAS设备认证。
图2为本具体实施方式中V_Switch透传数据实现负荷分担的流程图。如图2所示，该流程包括以下步骤：
步骤101，定义了接口为按照V_Switch转发表转发的接口，即在设备上定义了V_Switch转发表，将接口和VLAN ID替换规则关联在一起；
步骤102，报文进入V_Switch接口之后，首先检查接口的转发模式，如果是V_Switch模式，则进入步骤103，否则进入其它转发方式的流程；
步骤103，判断进入V_Switch接口的包是不是IP包，如果是，则继续步骤104，如果不是(例如是MPLS包)，则进入其它转发方式的流程；
步骤104，微码开始查找已经建立好的V_Switch转发表，以判断是否能够按照转发表进行处理。如果报文能够被匹配上，则进入步骤105，如果不能被匹配上，则进入步骤106；
步骤105，判断通过V_Switch转发表匹配到的包在转发之后VLAN ID是否应为0，如果是，则去除VLAN ID，转至步骤111，如果不是，则用转发表中新的VLAN ID封装数据包，转至步骤107；
步骤106，微码会继续检查接口的转发模式是否为MIX模式，如果是，则采用其它转发模式，如果不是，则丢弃数据包；
步骤107，使用与V_Switch出接口相同类型的接口作为VLAN终结接口，在其上配置子接口，封装VLAN ID，与对应V_Switch出接口发出的VLAN标签相同；
步骤108，，使用相应线缆联接V_Switch出接口和终结接口在相同的路由器上；
步骤109，在该子接口上配置IP地址，使用网段与V_Switch入接口所接入的网段相同，
依次类推，当同时需要终结多个VLAN标签情况下，可以在相同的终结接口下配置对应的多个子接口，由于VLAN的隔离性，这些报文不会互相受到影响；
步骤110，对于V_Switch出接口送上来的数据包作VLAN ID的匹配操作，判断上送到终结接口的数据包是不是应该接收的报文，如果对应的VLANID正确，则将其去除，否则丢弃；
步骤111，对已经终结VLAN标签的数据包进行三层的路由查找，判断该报文是否需要进行负荷分担处理，需要则进入步骤112，否则进入步骤113；
步骤112，如果按照三层转发查找得到的结果是该条流量需要负荷分担，则对应相应的负荷分担处理方法处理流量；
步骤113，如果按照三层转发查找得到的结果是该条流量不需要负荷分担，则进行普通的三层转发处理。
由于设备对VLAN报文的终结操作，使得上下行设备即使处于不同的网段也可以实现通信，因为此时终结接口相当于一个网关。
本具体实施方式实现了V_Switch模块和负载均衡模块之间的交互，使V_Switch透传上来的报文到达上行设备以后不会因为携带有不同的VLAN ID而被丢弃，同时也可以对V_Switch转发的报文在出接口上实现负载均衡。
以上所述，仅为本发明较佳的具体实施方式，但本发明的保护范围并不局限于此，任何熟悉该技术的人在本发明所揭露的技术范围内，可轻易想到的变化或替换，都应涵盖在本发明的保护范围之内。因此，本发明的保护范围应该以权利要求的保护范围为准。

Claims (4)

1、一种V_Switch透传数据实现负荷分担的方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：
A、V_Switch设备即虚拟交换设备对其入接口收到的报文进行处理，从其出接口转发出带有VLAN标签即虚拟局域网标签的报文和不带有VLAN标签的报文；
B、终结接口对所述带有VLAN标签的报文进行终结处理，去除VLAN标签；
C、对不带有VLAN标签的报文和已经去除VLAN标签的报文进行三层的路由查找，判断是否需要进行负荷分担处理，如果需要，则进行负荷分担处理。
2、根据权利要求1所述的一种V_Switch透传数据实现负荷分担的方法，其特征在于，步骤A进一步包括以下步骤：
A1、定义V_Switch转发表，将接口和VLAN标签替换规则进行关联；
A2、V_Switch设备入接口收到所述报文后，检查所述入接口的转发模式是V_Switch模式后，进入步骤A3，否则进入其他转发方式流程；
A3、判断所述报文是IP包后，进入步骤A4，否则进入其他转发方式流程；
A4、微码查找所述V_Switch转发表，判断所述报文能够匹配，进入步骤A5，否则进入步骤A6；
A5、判断所述报文在转发之后VLAN标签是否为0，如果是，则去除VLAN标签，如果否，则用所述V_Switch转发表中的VLAN标签封装所述报文；
A6、微码检查接口的转发模式是否为混合模式，如果是，则进入其他转发方式流程，如果否，则丢弃所述报文。
3、根据权利要求1所述的一种V_Switch透传数据实现负荷分担的方法，其特征在于，步骤B中所述终结接口对所述带有VLAN标签的报文进行终结处理进一步包括以下步骤：
B1、使用与所述V_Switch出接口相同类型的接口作为终结接口，在所述终结接口上配置子接口，封装VLAN标签，所述VLAN标签与对应的V_Switch出接口发出的VLAN标签相同；
B2、使用线缆联接所述V_Switch出接口和所述终结接口在相同的路由器上；
B3、在所述子接口上配置IP地址，使用的网段与所述V_Switch入接口所接入的网段相同；
B4、对所述V_Switch出接口发送给所述终结接口的报文的VLAN标签进行匹配，如果正确，则去除VLAN标签，否则丢弃所述报文。
4、根据权利要求1所述的一种V_Switch透传数据实现负荷分担的方法，其特征在于，步骤C还包括以下步骤：
如果不需要进行负荷分担处理，所述报文进行常规的三层转发处理。
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