CN101028660B - Gear precisive hob configuration and its configured precisive hob - Google Patents

Abstract

A configuration method for the fine hobbing cutter of gear features that its worm forming surface is an involute spiral surface, its instantaneous contact line is straight line, the involute, curve and straight line are respectively the shapes of the cutting edges of different hobbing cutter, and its front and back surfaces of the hobbing cutter are simple plane or involute spiral surface. The resultant hobbing cutter is also disclosed.

Description

The fine hobbing cutter of gear fine hobbing cutter topographical method and institute's configuration thereof

Technical field:

The invention belongs to involute cylindrical gear fine finishining hobboing cutter design field.Be the inventor's Chinese invention patent " gear fine hobbing cutter " (92105109.3) of having authorized and the further technique extension and the lifting of U.S.'s patent of invention " GEAR FINISHING HOB " (5,338,134).

Background technology:

The configuration of existing hobboing cutter is according to the space crossed axle helical gear theory of engagement, the theoretical basic worm of hobboing cutter be a number of teeth seldom, helical gears that helical angle is very big, its flank of tooth is an involute helicoid, contact conjugation with processed gear teeth face instantaneous point, public section is the imaginary media tooth bar flank of tooth (seeing accompanying drawing 1), the normal profile angle α of media tooth bar between two flank of tooth _nUsually adopt standard value (as metric gears α _n=20 °),, form relief angle through back-off again and promptly finish the theoretical configuration of existing hobboing cutter along leaving some chip pockets by basic worm perpendicular to the hand of helix or the direction that parallels to the axis.In fact be subjected to the teeth process limitation, often adopt and substitute the correct involute helicoid worm of worm screw (as straight sided axial worm, straight sided normal worm ZN-worm etc.) replacement above-mentioned theory, be to be approximate configuration, therefore existing hobboing cutter because of its above-mentioned configuration inherent characteristics when carrying out the smart gear hobbing of degree of precision, have following all problems:

1, substitute the approximate configuration of worm screw and produce theoretical profiling error, to the high accuracy gear hobbing often profile accuracy be difficult to guarantee;

2, after hobboing cutter was refaced rake face, profile of tooth changed, and precision stability is poor;

3, because of the contact of conjugate tooth profiles mooring points, hobboing cutter directly influences tooth length direction flank of tooth waviness along the size of the gear tooth slot amount of feeding during gear hobbing, is subjected to the waviness restriction to reduce the amount of feeding and then causes cutting efficient to reduce;

4, during each side edge finishing tooth face of hobboing cutter cutter tooth, only work near the contact point, the blade remainder does not participate in cutting, and wearing and tearing inequality and cutter material can not make full use of;

5, high accuracy relief grinding specification requirement height, detection of complex, cost improves.

Technical scheme:

The present invention be directed to the new configural way that addresses the above problem proposition: at first founding with adding the work gear conjugate tooth profiles is the basic worm that instantaneous straight line contacts conjugation; This basic worm of founding based on the present invention again, and form the hobboing cutter of multiple gear shaper without theoretical profiling error and multiple gear cutting consideration to satisfy different industries gear fine finishining demand with multiple forward and backward knife face combination form.

Accompanying drawings is as follows:

The present invention finishes by the following technical programs: it is that i, helical pitch are that p, groove depth are h=(2.5～2.6) m that basic worm shown in the accompanying drawing 2 is characterized in that being shaped on a number _n(m _n---be processing gear normal module) helicla flute; R _bBe the base cylinder radius; Active side and non-working side are divided in the worm tooth side, and the F face of part is the product shape surface of basic worm configuration hobboing cutter beyond the active side basic circle, that is surface, hobboing cutter blade place, and the F face is to be R to be cut in radius _bBase cylinder and transverse plane inclination angle are that the ef straight line of λ is made the involute helicoid that pure rolling forms as the generation line and along base cylinder, and λ is the base cylinder lead angle, $\mathrm{tg\&lambda;}=\frac{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="p"\; filenames="H07155491X20070424E000042.png,H07155491X20070424E000052.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">p</figure-callout>}}{2\mathrm{\&pi;}{R}_b};$ For correct processing involute gear, worm screw normal pitch p _nShould equal processed gear Normal base pitch π m _nCos α _n, then $p=\frac{{\mathrm{ip}}_n}{\cos \mathrm{\&lambda;}}=\frac{\mathrm{i\&pi;}{m}_n\cos {\mathrm{\&alpha;}}_n}{\cos \mathrm{\&lambda;}},\sin \mathrm{\&lambda;}=\frac{{\mathrm{im}}_n\cos {\mathrm{\&alpha;}}_n}{2R_b};$ The E face be the corresponding active side basic circle of worm screw with interior part flank, be the straight grained helical at indent μ angle (μ＞λ); The H face is the corresponding non-working side flank of worm screw, equals the straight grained helical (η=30 °～40 °) of η for Clearance angle; Crest top land G is diameter D _a=2R _b+ (0.5～0.6) m _nThe face of cylinder.Show that by above-mentioned accompanying drawing 2 the dextrorotation basic worm carries out multiple pattern hobboing cutter configuration (the similar fully not narration in addition of left-handed situation):

1, rake face is involute helicoid or open cylinder gradually, back knife face is the transverse plane of vertical axis, cutting edge shape is that involute (hereinafter to be referred as I type cutter) this kind configuration hobboing cutter is seen accompanying drawing 4, accompanying drawing 5, making number at the basic worm tooth top is that Z ' is the uniform chip pocket of h ' deeply, smear metal is flowed out along chip pocket one side (right flank among Fig. 5) during cutting, is to be rake face A _r, this work side of groove is necessary for base radius and equals basic worm base radius R _bGradually open cylinder (straight trough) or involute helicoid (left-handed or dextrorotation groove), be the rake face A of hobboing cutter _γ, A _γForm involute blade K with F hand-deliver line, comprise K and make transverse plane, be knife face A behind the hobboing cutter perpendicular to axis _αBlade K is basic worm generating surface F and rake face A _γ, back knife face A _αCommon intersection (seeing accompanying drawing 6).A _γCan have sharpening on the multiple gear grinding machines now as the surface of refacing, I type cutter can adopt monoblock type or inserted formula structure;

2, rake face is the plane that comprises axis, and back knife face is an involute helicoid, and blade is that curve (hereinafter to be referred as II type cutter) this kind configuration hobboing cutter is seen accompanying drawing 7, accompanying drawing 8, accompanying drawing 9, rake face A _γFor comprising the plane of axis, with basic worm generating surface F intersection be curve blade K, back knife face A _αFor comprising blade K and the opposite left-handed involute helicoid of the identical only rotation direction of F face parameter, blade K is F, A _γ, A _αCommon intersection, A _γCan have sharpening on the hob sharpener now as the surface of refacing, knife face after the grinding needs to make special-purpose technology cutter hub during for ease of the manufacturing cutter, the inserted formula of II shape knife structure palpus employing;

3, forward and backward knife face is the plane, and blade is the generation line ef of basic worm generating surface, and cutting edge shape is straight line (hereinafter to be referred as an III type cutter)

This kind configuration hobboing cutter is seen accompanying drawing 10, accompanying drawing 11, generation line ef with the basic worm generating surface forms blade K, cutter structure can be monoblock type, inserted formula, indexable throw-away tipped, accompanying drawing 10, accompanying drawing 11 are indexable throw-away tipped, the forward and backward knife face of polygon blade is the plane, each blade rectilinear edge K all is positioned on the generating surface F, relies on blade installation site on cutter hub to form anterior angle γ and relief angle α, and this kind structure does not need sharpening again with the blade transposition after the blade wearing and tearing.III type hobboing cutter is used for the traditional method of indicating the pronunciation of a Chinese character, and is opposite with I, II type cutter direction of rotation when promptly working, and cooperates I, the paired use of II type hobboing cutter to cut gear teeth two sides simultaneously.

More than enumerates various hobboing cutter, knife face, blade and have nothing in common with each other, but common profiling characteristic is:

1, blade all correctly is positioned on the basic worm product shape surface, and both having made refaces does not exist theoretical profiling error yet;

2, each knife face is simple plane or involute helicoid, open cylinder gradually, and forms necessary cutting angle, uses prior art and lathe can guarantee to make high accuracy;

3, the hobboing cutter structure adopts indexable throw-away tippedly or the surface of refacing is simple, is convenient to detect.

Accompanying drawing 12 is configuration hobboing cutter of the present invention installation and motion schematic diagrames when cutting spur gear on gear-hobbing machine.Wherein Figure 12 a) represents front view, Figure 12 b) be its downward projection figure.Installation parameter has three: cutter established angle ψ=λ, centre-to-centre spacing A=R _b+ r _b, (r _bBe processing rolling circle radius), offset distance B=ρ _Min(ρ _MinFor adding work gear involute starting point radius of curvature).Installation and handling characteristics and Chinese invention patent " gear fine hobbing cutter " (92105109.3) and U.S.'s patent of invention " GEARFINISHING HOB " (5,338,134) are identical mostly.According to involute helicoid character, show that by accompanying drawing 13 the section S of basic worm generating surface F and F face are tangential on generation line ef, S face and transverse plane of worm T angle are λ and perpendicular to the XOZ plane of rectangular coordinate system shown in the figure, and tangent line ef place base cylinder section Q then is parallel to the XOZ plane.Contrast accompanying drawing 12 installation situations, section Q is a hobboing cutter and the gear public tangent plane of base cylinder separately, section S then is basic worm generating surface F and process the public tangent plane of open cylinder U of spur gear surface-gradually.F, S, three of U are cut in straight line ef jointly, and this moment, ef was parallel with Gear axis, show that F, U face are instantaneous line contact conjugation.Press shown in the accompanying drawing 12

Direction motion, more in addition along gear shaft to feed motion, hobboing cutter can correctly process spur gear surface on gear-hobbing machine, and can avoid processing the generation of flank of tooth waviness during less than the ef straight length when the revolution amount of feeding.As process gear tooth width less than the ef straight length, and then can realize not having the axial feed cutting, can simplify cutting lathe structure greatly.When the processing helical gear, only need to adjust established angle, make $\mathrm{\&psi;}=\mathrm{\&lambda;}\stackrel{\&OverBar;}{+}{\mathrm{\&beta;}}_b$ (β _bBe the rolling circle helical angle, "+" number is used for hobboing cutter in the formula, and the gear rotation direction is different, and it is identical that "-" number is used for rotation direction) get final product.Above motion conditions is applicable to I type II type cutter, and is opposite owing to the rake face direction for III type cutter, ω ₁, ω ₂Needing oppositely cutting, is to be the traditional method of indicating the pronunciation of a Chinese character, has constituted following different gear cutting consideration like this:

1 hilted broadsword---single face cutting

The one-sided flank of tooth of cutter cutting pinion, be applicable to the unidirectional travelling gear that all kinds of gear-hobbing machine cuttings do not reverse, or turn-over is processed other lateral tooth flank behind Gear Processing one side by above-mentioned I, II, III type cutter all available.

2 double-poles---two-sided primary feed cutting

As accompanying drawing 14, right side 1 cutter is installed I type or II type cutter on the gear-hobbing machine knife bar, and left side 2 cuttves are installed III type anti-cutter, installs width between two cuttves additional and is $W=\frac{2B}{\cos \mathrm{\&lambda;}}$ Spacer, by the diagram

Rotate feed motion vertically

But primary feed cuts out gear two lateral tooth flanks, and this method also applies to all kinds of gear-hobbing machines;

3, double-pole---two-sided secondary feed cutting

With reference to accompanying drawing 14, be I type or II type cutter as two cuttves installing on the knife bar, two cutter spacer sleeves are wide $W=\frac{2B}{\cos \mathrm{\&lambda;}}+\mathrm{\&Delta;}$ (Δ needs greater than one-sided flank of tooth allowance) do not contact 2 cuttves with gear when 1 cutter is worked, treat 1 cutter with one-sided flank of tooth completion of processing, and knife bar is together with cutter axial float Δ, ω ₁, ω ₂, f is all reverse, processes other lateral tooth flank by 2 cuttves, but this method needs at automatic flee cutter and eliminates on the chain digital control gear hobbing machine in gap and use.

The specific embodiment

Fig. 1 is existing hobboing cutter gear hobbing manuscript;

Fig. 2 is the basic worm main structure parameters figure (front view) of a number i=2;

Fig. 3 is the left view of Fig. 2;

Fig. 4 is the I type hobboing cutter front view of i=1;

Fig. 5 is the left view of Fig. 4;

Fig. 6 is an I type hobboing cutter blade, knife face configuration figure;

Fig. 7 is an II type hobboing cutter front view;

Fig. 8 is the left view of Fig. 7;

Fig. 9 is II type hobboing cutter blade, knife face configuration figure;

Figure 10 is an III type hobboing cutter left view;

Figure 11 be the V of Figure 10 to view, wherein N-N is a hobboing cutter method profile;

Hobboing cutter was installed and the gear hobbing motion diagram when Figure 12 was the cutting spur gear, and wherein Figure 12 is a front view a), Figure 12 b) be vertical view;

Figure 13 is a basic worm generating surface performance plot;

Figure 14 is a double-pole, two-sided cutting schematic diagram;

What at first need to specify is to adopt basic worm configuration hobboing cutter of the present invention how the fine finishining flank of tooth and major parameter problem identificatioin.

The 3rd curved surface principle that the present invention meshes according to conjugate surface (be Ao Liefu---the Gao Heman principle), use normal profile angle α _n=0 media tooth bar is the 3rd curved surface, and establishing generating surface is the basic worm of involute helicoid, at centre-to-centre spacing A=R _b+ r _b, established angle $\mathrm{\&psi;}=\mathrm{\&lambda;}\stackrel{\&OverBar;}{+}{\mathrm{\&beta;}}_b$ Specific mounting condition under, constitute the basic worm generating surface, the processing flank of tooth, the media tooth bar flank of tooth is the special space friendship justice axle helical gear engagement system of straight line contact with instantaneous contact, different with the instantaneous point contact engagement system of current extensive use, all participating in the flank of tooth by the hobboing cutter blade each point of configuration of the present invention forms, specifically: directly adopting instantaneous contact line is the III type cutter of blade, the blade each point cuts the flank of tooth simultaneously, I, II type cutter blade each point are not 0 because of working cutting edge inclination, and then cutting forms the flank of tooth successively.Thereby can improve existing point of the only instantaneous formation flank of tooth of the every side tool sword of hobboing cutter, the gear hobbing flank of tooth is the inherent shortcoming of fish scale shape, in addition, improving hobboing cutter configuration precision, allowing to strengthen the amount of feeding and eliminate that flank of tooth waviness aspect improves machining accuracy for smart gear hobbing and efficient provides advantage.

The basic worm of accompanying drawing 2 is bases of the various hobboing cutter of configuration, is used for the basic worm of fine hobbing cutter configuration design, and its special card is that to be shaped on a number be that i, helical pitch are that p, groove depth are h=(2.5～2.6) m _nHelicla flute; R _bBe the base cylinder radius, active side and non-working side are divided in the worm tooth side, and the active side basic circle is the generating surface of configuration hobboing cutter with top F face, and the F face is a lead angle on the base cylinder $\mathrm{\&lambda;}={\sin }^{-1}\frac{{\mathrm{im}}_n\cos {\mathrm{\&alpha;}}_n}{2R_b},$ Helical pitch $p=\frac{\mathrm{i\&pi;}{m}_n\cos {\mathrm{\&alpha;}}_n}{\cos \mathrm{\&lambda;}}$ Involute helicoid; The active side basic circle is the straight grained helical (μ＞λ) at indent μ angle with lower part E face; Non-working side H face is the straight grained helical of Clearance angle η=30 °～40 °, and crest top land G is diameter D _a=2R _b+ (0.5～0.6) m _nThe face of cylinder; Corresponding worm screw transverse tooth thickness b on the base cylinder ₀=m _nBasic worm with add work gear at centre-to-centre spacing A=R _b+ r _b, established angle $\mathrm{\&psi;}=\mathrm{\&lambda;}\stackrel{\&OverBar;}{+}{\mathrm{\&beta;}}_b$ Specific mounting condition under, a worm screw generating surface F and the processing flank of tooth, an O ° profile angle media tooth bar flank of tooth three are cut in the generation line that a straight line ef-is the F face jointly, forming the instantaneous contact of conjugate tooth profiles is the space crossed axle helical gear engagement of straight line contact.

The basic worm major parameter is determined as follows:

1 base radius R _b: choose higher value gear-hobbing machine knife rest allowed band planted agent, permission circumference tooth number Z when purpose is the formation hobboing cutter ' more helps improving the gear hobbing profile accuracy and allows the aperture to strengthen and improves rigidity, satisfies roughing feed amount and essence and cuts the quenching hard gear needs;

2 number i: the machining high-precision gear adopts single head to avoid pitch error, when the processing accuracy of gear allows, also can adopt bull for improving cutting efficient;

3, rotation direction: generally adopt dextrorotation;

4, normal pitch P _n: P _n=π m _nCos α _n

5, lead angle $\mathrm{\&lambda;}:\sin \mathrm{\&lambda;}=\frac{{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="iP\; n"\; filenames="H07155491X20070424E000042.png,H07155491X20070424E000052.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">iP</figure-callout>}}_n}{2\mathrm{\&pi;}{R}_b}$

6, helical pitch $p:p=\frac{{\mathrm{iP}}_n}{\cos \mathrm{\&lambda;}}$

7, worm spiral partial-length L ₁: need to guarantee to cut out the complete flank of tooth, under the normal conditions $L_{}$ ${}_1=\frac{(2~3)\mathrm{\&pi;}{m}_n\cos {\mathrm{\&alpha;}}_n}{\cos \mathrm{\&lambda;}}=\frac{(2~3)p}{i}$

8, outside diameter circle D _a: the consideration tip circle should with at the bottom of the processing gear teeth be interfered D under the normal conditions _a=2R _b+ (0.5～0.6) m _n

9, tooth depth h: the consideration bottom land should not interfered h=under the normal conditions (2.5～2.6) m with the processing gear teeth tips _n

10, the corresponding active side flank of worm screw E: consider that the E face can not interfere with the Gear Processing lateral tooth flank and need to guarantee that cutter intensity and processing are simple, adopt the straight grained helical at indent μ angle, the μ angle needs to interfere avoiding greater than the λ angle, get μ=λ+(2 °～4 °)

11, the corresponding non-working side flank of worm screw H: consider that equally the H face can not need guarantee that also cutter intensity and processing are simple with the non-process side flank interference of gear, the employing Clearance angle is the straight grained helical of η, and η chooses in 30 °～40 ° scopes.

12, corresponding worm screw transverse tooth thickness b on the base cylinder ₀: guarantee E, get big value with proof strength, b under the normal conditions under the prerequisite that H face and gear two lateral tooth flanks all must not be interfered as far as possible ₀=m _n

13, other; Aperture d, check pillow block diameter D ₁, pillow block width 1 and keyway size etc. are with reference to the hobboing cutter standard.

Secondly what need specify is that the characteristics separately and the parameter of the different types hobboing cutter configuration that proposes of the present invention determined

1, I type cutter (accompanying drawing 4, accompanying drawing 5)

(1) rake face A _γAnterior angle γ: according to cutter material and gear material, the condition of heat treatment difference selects for use reasonable anterior angle to determine rake face A by the cutting principle recommendation _γ---the rotation direction of involute helicoid, on the cutter mark anterior angle be mark anterior angle γ on the base cylinder section=± β ' _b(β ' _bBe the helical angle of rake face on base cylinder, "+" number is used for A _γOpposite with worm screw generating surface F rotation direction, it is identical that "-" number is used for both rotation directions), can adopt generally speaking=0, rake face is open cylinder gradually, and chip pocket is a straight trough, and technology is the simplest.

(2) mark end face cutting edge inclination λ _T: blade each point λ in end face _TBe variate, λ _T=α (α-involute blade each point pressure angle), blade work the time is inclined cutting, steadily and edge strength high, during the hard flank of tooth of rolling cut, can avoid tipping.

(3) back knife face A _αAnd relief angle α: the back knife face is the transverse plane perpendicular to axis, is convenient to grinding, and the mark relief angle is mark relief angle α=λ on the base cylinder section on the cutter

(4) the circumference chip pocket is counted Z ': increase the chip pocket number under proof strength, physical dimension requirement and enough sharpening number of times situations, purpose is to improve form of gear tooth envelope blade number to improve the processing profile accuracy, recommends minimum circumference chip pocket to count Z ' as far as possible _Min=(15～20) i

(5) knife face axial distance δ (seeing accompanying drawing 4) behind the adjacent cutter tooth: $\mathrm{\&delta;}=\frac{p}{Z^{\&prime;}(1+\mathrm{tg\&gamma;}\&CenterDot;\mathrm{tg\&lambda;})}$

(6) capacity chip slot depth requires h ': need satisfy complete also meeting of grinding involute blade and hold the bits requirement, get h '＞(0.5～0.6) m _n

I type cutter can adopt high-speed steel or base steel carbide alloy to make monoblock type and cutter hub adopts structural steel, the cutting cutter tooth adopts superhard cutter material blade inserts such as carbide alloy, pottery, CBN, to satisfy the different moduluses of processing, multiple industry, the soft flank of tooth and hardened face gear finishing requirements.

2, II type cutter (accompanying drawing 7, accompanying drawing 8)

(1) rake face A _γAnd anterior angle γ: rake face is the plane that comprises axis, mark anterior angle γ=0

(2) mark end face cutting edge inclination λ _T: because of the curve blade is included in shaft section---be in the rake face, each tooth mark λ on the blade _T=0, because blade does not overlap with instantaneous contact line, each point is participated in cutwork from tooth root to the tooth top order on the blade, and reality still is inclined cutting.

(3) back knife face A _αAnd relief angle α: back knife face A _αFor with the opposite involute helicoid of the identical only rotation direction of worm screw generating surface F parameter, mark relief angle α=2 λ on the base cylinder section, II type knife structure need adopt the insert structure, in accompanying drawing 7 schematic construction:

1, is blade, 2, be that left end cap, 4 is right end cap, need does a cover left-handed technology cutter hub opposite with accompanying drawing 7 parameters only rotary orientation in full accord in addition for ease of grinding the back knife face for dextrorotation work cutter hub, 3, the blade 1 that Precision Machining is crossed is installed in the technology cutter hub, grind the back knife face by the involute helicoid identical but left-handed with F face parameter, this can be placed into the emery wheel transverse plane and spiral involute surface (knife face A promptly on gear milling lathe _α) the position that coincides of section S carry out grinding (consulting accompanying drawing 13) and will grind good blade then and reinstall dextrorotation work cutter hub to form circumferential clearance.

(4) the circumference tooth number Z ', capacity chip slot depth h ' is identical with I type cutter.

II type cutter cutter hub adopts structural steel, and cutting tip can adopt superhard cutter materials such as high-speed steel or carbide alloy, and the II type cutter rake face of refacing is simple, preferably being applied to than large module gear fine finishining.

3, III type cutter (accompanying drawing 10,11)

According to aforementioned III type cutter topographical method, cutter structure adopts polygon indexable insert tip, throw away tip structure not only simply but also can exempt and refacing, and indexable formula cutter structure form is various, and accompanying drawing 10, accompanying drawing 11 signals are wherein a kind of, and major parameter is determined as follows:

(1) blade shapes: constitute cutter with equilateral triangle blade with holes, technology is the simplest, and clamping is convenient.

(2) blade thickness S: guarantee blade strength, according to blade material, processing gear material, heat treatment situation and cutting data different choice.

(3) edge length L ₀: blade rectilinear edge maximum length is the generation line length ef (seeing accompanying drawing 2, accompanying drawing 3) on the basic worm generating surface F, and when determining blade, the blade length of side need satisfy $L_0\&le;\mathrm{ef}=\frac{\sqrt{{(R_b+0.25m_n)}^2-{{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="R\; b"\; filenames="H07155491X20070424E000042.png,H07155491X20070424E000052.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">R</figure-callout>}}_b}^2}}{\cos \mathrm{\&lambda;}}.$

(4) blade relief: select for use to have normal relief angle α _n≠ 0 blade can make cutter hub upper knife groove processing simple, and selecting the blade normal relief angle for use is that 0 blade can be strengthened edge strength.

(5) trip bolt: select for use according to the blade endoporus.

(6) the circumference tooth number Z ', cutter hub, blade material selection principle be with II type cutter, the rake face direction of III type cutter configuration and I, II type are opposite, are used for the traditional method of indicating the pronunciation of a Chinese character, share with I, II type cutter to add the work gear both sides flank of tooth simultaneously.Add the man-hour rectilinear edge and overlap with instantaneous contact line, working cutting edge inclination is 0.

Below be summarized as follows with regard to major advantage of the present invention:

1, high accuracy, high efficiency: during by basic worm configuration hobboing cutter of the present invention, do not exist and substitute the theoretical profiling error of worm screw, generating surface contacts conjugation with processing gear teeth upper thread, the hobboing cutter blade total length formation flank of tooth of working, eliminate flank of tooth waviness, help improving form of gear tooth precision, improve smart rugosity and strengthen amount of feeding raising cutting efficient.

2, applicability is wide: during by basic worm configuration hobboing cutter of the present invention, forward and backward knife face has multiple mode to design, cutter material is selected and version determines that the free degree is big, and gear cutting consideration is various in addition is widely used in soft, the hard flank of tooth fine finishining of different industries gear.

3, low cost: during by basic worm configuration hobboing cutter of the present invention, only tooth top portion has the segment blade, and the insert chip size is little, significantly reduces the cutter material consumption of high price.

4, reface simply: adopt existing gear grinding machines, hob sharpener to reface, the back cutter configuration precision of refacing simply and reface is unaffected.

5, improve machining condition: when rake face was selected the involute helicoid configuration for use, blade work was inclined cutting, and stable cutting is difficult for tipping, more helped adopting superhard cutter material essence to cut hardened face gear.

Embodiment 1

Processing gear parameter: m _n=4mm, α _n=20 ° of metric gears.

Cutter material and structure: high-speed steel monoblock type dextrorotation I type cutter (seeing Fig. 3, Fig. 4)

Cutter parameters:

Worm screw part: i=1,2R _b=90.2105mm, D _a=92.5mm, p=11.8188mm, λ=2 ° 23 ' 17 ", h=10mm, μ=5 °, η=35 °, b ₀=4mm, h ₁=32mm, d=32mm, D ₁=50mm, L=5mm.

Parts of tooth: anterior angle γ=0 straight trough, Z '=32, δ=0.3693mm, h '=2.2mm

Embodiment 2

Processing gear parameter: m _n=6mm, α _n=20 ° of metric gears

Cutter material and structure: carbide alloy inserted-blade type dextrorotation II type cutter (seeing Fig. 7, Fig. 8)

Cutter parameters:

Worm screw part: i=1,2R _b=130mm, D _a=133mm, P=17.730mm, λ=2 ° 29 ' h=15mm, μ=5 °, η=35 °, b ₀=6mm, L ₁=50mm, d=40mm

Parts of tooth: anterior angle γ=0 straight trough, Z '=24, h '=3.5mm

Embodiment 3

Processing gear parameter: m _n=12mm, α _n=20 ° of metric gears

Cutter material and structure: the throw-away tipped dextrorotation III of insert triangle cemented carbide indexable insert type anti-cutter (seeing Figure 10, Figure 11)

Worm screw part: i=1,2R _b=225.526mm, D _a=232mm, p=35.470mm, λ=2 ° 51 ' 58 ", h=30mm, μ=6 °, η=30 °, b ₀=12mm, h ₁=100mm, d=60mm, D ₁=90mm, L=5mm.

Profile of tooth and blade section: anterior angle γ=0, α _n=7 °, Z '=25, select for use 7 ° of normal relief angles of triangle not have the hungry bore dia 7.94mm of chip-breaker standard insert (TCMA130302), the long 13.6mm of blade, thick S=3.18mm.

Claims (8)

1. gear fine hobbing cutter topographical method, it is that i, helical pitch are that p, groove depth are h=(2.5～2.6) m that the basic worm that it is characterized in that the gear fine hobbing cutter of configuration is shaped on a number _nHelicla flute, m _nBe processing gear normal module; R _bBe hobboing cutter base cylinder radius, the basic worm flank divides active side and non-working side, and the active side basic circle is the basic worm generating surface of the gear fine hobbing cutter of configuration with top F face, and the F face is a lead angle on the base cylinder Helical pitch

Involute helicoid, α _nBe normal profile angle; The active side basic circle is the straight grained helical and the μ＞λ at indent μ angle with lower part E face; Non-working side H face is the corresponding non-working side flank of worm screw, is the straight grained helical of Clearance angle η=30 °～40 °, and crest top land G is diameter D _a=2R _b+ (0.5～0.6) m _nThe face of cylinder; Corresponding basic worm transverse tooth thickness b on the base cylinder ₀=m _nBasic worm with add work gear at centre-to-centre spacing A=R _b+ r _b, established angle Specific mounting condition under, r wherein _bBe processing rolling circle column radius, β _bFor adding the helical angle on the basic circle on the work gear, the F face is cut in the generation line that a straight line ef-is the F face jointly with the processing flank of tooth, an O ° profile angle media tooth bar flank of tooth three, and meeting the instantaneous contact of conjugate tooth profiles is the space crossed axle helical gear engagement of straight line contact; On this basic worm basis, cut shape-involute, axial truncatus-curve, base cylinder section with F face end face and cut shape-straight line, be respectively three types of gear fine hobbing cutters of blade configuration, i.e. I type hobboing cutter, II type hobboing cutter, III type hobboing cutter.

2. according to the said gear fine hobbing cutter topographical method of claim 1, it is characterized in that the I type hobboing cutter with above-mentioned basic worm configuration, it is that Z ' is h '=(0.5～0.6) m deeply that the basic worm tooth top is made number _nA flow through side of chip pocket of uniform chip pocket, smear metal is to be rake face, and each cutter tooth rake face is the involute helicoid that forms with basic worm same base cylinder or open cylinder gradually, and each back knife face is the transverse plane of vertical axis, knife face axial distance behind the adjacent cutter tooth

γ is an anterior angle, and cutting edge shape is an involute, and each blade is positioned on the F face.

3. according to the said gear fine hobbing cutter topographical method of claim 1, it is characterized in that the II type hobboing cutter with above-mentioned basic worm configuration, it is Z ' that the basic worm tooth top is made number, is h '=(0.5～0.6) m deeply _nUniform chip pocket, a flow through side of chip pocket of smear metal is to be rake face, each cutter tooth rake face is the plane that comprises the basic worm axis, back knife face is and the opposite involute helicoid of the identical only rotation direction of F face parameter, cutting edge shape is the axial truncatus of F face, and each blade is positioned on the basic worm generating surface.

4. according to the said gear fine hobbing cutter topographical method of claim 1, it is characterized in that the III type hobboing cutter with above-mentioned basic worm configuration, is the generation line formation hobboing cutter blade of involute helicoid with the F face, edge length

Each blade is positioned on the basic worm generating surface, and III type hobboing cutter cutting movement and I type hobboing cutter, II type hobboing cutter are opposite, are used for the traditional method of indicating the pronunciation of a Chinese character.

5. according to claim 2,3 or 4 said gear fine hobbing cutter topographical methods, it is characterized in that on gear-hobbing machine, realizing hilted broadsword-single face cutting, double-pole-two-sided primary feed cutting, double-pole-three kinds of different flank fine finishining of two-sided secondary feed cutting with above-mentioned various hobboing cutter.

6. gear fine hobbing cutter topographical method according to claim 2, when it is characterized in that said each cutter tooth rake face of I type hobboing cutter adopts gradually open cylinder, cutter mark anterior angle is 0, when each cutter tooth rake face adopts involute helicoid, when rotation direction is opposite with F face rotation direction, hobboing cutter has positive rake angle, and hobboing cutter has negative rake when identical, the I type hobboing cutter rake face of refacing on gear grinder.

7. gear fine hobbing cutter topographical method according to claim 3 is characterized in that each cutter tooth rake face of described II type hobboing cutter adopts the plane that comprises the basic worm axis, and the mark anterior angle is 0, the II type hobboing cutter rake face of refacing on hob sharpener.

8. gear fine hobbing cutter topographical method according to claim 4, it is characterized in that said each rectilinear edge of III type hobboing cutter and basic worm base cylinder are tangent, be lead angle on the basic worm base cylinder with hobboing cutter end face included angle X, adopt the indexable insert tip, throw away tip structure can avoid refacing.

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