CN101025156A - DC frequency-changeable compressor driving apparatus and method - Google Patents
DC frequency-changeable compressor driving apparatus and method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention is a DC variable-frequency compressor driving device and method, relating to the air-conditioning technique, variable frequency technique and electric machinery field, for overcoming the defect in the exiting technique that a DC variable-frequency compressor can not operate at high frequency if not adding PFC actively. And the invention comprises: rectifying part, wave flattening part, control part and inverting part, where the control part further comprises detection resistor and intelligent control module. And the invention adopts vector field-weakening control technique and 180 deg sine wave DC variable frequency mode, and by adjusting current on d axis id and current on q axis iq, uses lower bus voltage to implement high frequency compressor drive.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to air-conditioning technical, converter technique and Electrical Motor field, especially relate to a kind of DC frequency-changeable compressor driving apparatus and method.
Background technique
At present, DC frequency converting air-conditioner more and more is subjected to liking of Consumer because of characteristics such as good energy-conservation, accurate temperature controlling, ultralow temperature start, heat fast.The frequency conversion mode of DC frequency converting air-conditioner belongs to the voltage frequency conversion, and wherein the drive part of compressor as shown in Figure 1.With reference to Fig. 1, this system mainly comprises rectifying part, flat ripple part, control section and inversion part.Wherein rectifying part adopts rectifier bridge that the Ac of input is carried out full-bridge rectification, thus output dc voltage; Voltage after flat ripple partly adopts electrochemical capacitor to rectification carries out flat ripple to be handled, and eliminates the interchange content of this voltage, exports stable DC bus-bar voltage, power supply partly is provided for inversion; Intelligent transducer module is partly adopted in inversion, changes the VDC of input the three-phase voltage of changeable frequency into, the Driven Compressor operation; Control section adopts microprocessor, by mathematical model the compressor drum position information that collects calculated, and the switch of control intelligent transducer module, thus realization is to the VFC of compressor.
In the inversion stage, system need regulate the frequency and the driving moment of compressor.Along with the increase of compressor operation frequency, compressor suffered also corresponding increase of resistance in operation process, promptly compressor needs bigger driving moment when high frequency moves.To the adjusting of driven compressor moment is exactly to make compressor holding torque balance when the operation, and is to realize by the adjusting to driven compressor voltage to the adjusting of driven compressor moment, and the big more then driving moment of driving voltage is big more.The driving voltage of compressor comes from bus, and when high frequency, if the bus of compressor can not provide sufficiently high voltage, then compressor just can not obtain enough big driving moment, thereby compressor just can not move under this frequency.
Two kinds of methods of the general employing of air conditioner industry solve the high frequency operation problem of direct current compressors now: a kind of method is the highest frequency of restriction air-conditioning, and another kind of method is PFC (Power FactorCorrection, the Active PFC) method of boosting.The highest frequency of restriction air-conditioning is exactly that the maximum running frequency of compressor is limited in a lower level.The PFC method of boosting is to increase a BOOST (propelling) booster circuit in system, and this circuit can improve the busbar voltage of system, thereby solves the problem of busbar voltage deficiency.Adopt this method to provide bigger driving moment, compressor is moved under higher frequency for compressor.Adopt PFC boost method circuit as shown in Figure 2, this circuit inserts a BOOST booster circuit that is made of DC/DC (VDC is to the VDC conversion) switch converters between the rectifying part peace ripple part of circuit shown in Figure 1, this circuit comprises an inductance L, an IGBT (Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor, igbt) T, resistance R, diode D and two capacitor C 1, C2.This circuit application currrent feedback technology is controlled by PFC special logic chip, makes busbar voltage be stabilized in a higher level, and makes the input end current waveform follow the tracks of interchange input sinusoidal voltage waveform in the whole electricity cycle.Adopt this method can solve the high frequency operation problem of DC frequency-changeable compressor, make more than the compressor operating to 120 hertz (it is 120 hertz that general compressor is recommended highest frequency), and improve the power factor of system.
Yet, adopt the method for the highest frequency of restriction air-conditioning can reduce user's comfort level.Can fast-refrigerating because an advantage of DC frequency converting air-conditioner is, heat, and go for bigger usage space, therefore need DC frequency converting air-conditioner can operate in higher frequency.And after adopting this method, the maximum running frequency step-down of air-conditioning, thereby the speed that reduces air conditioner refrigerating, heats make the advantage of DC frequency converting air-conditioner can not get performance.Adopt the PFC method of boosting to increase the cost of system.Because the switching frequency very high (generally more than the 20K hertz) of the inner IGBT of BOOST booster circuit, so can produce very big electromagnetic interference during work,, generally take multiple-stage filtering for suppressing the electromagnetic interference that this circuit produces, increase filter element, therefore can increase the cost of system.In addition because the switching frequency of IGBT is very high, need high-frequency inductor that amorphous magnetic material makes magnetic core and this IGBT join with, and this inductance price is very high, further increases the cost of system.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of DC frequency-changeable compressor driving apparatus and method, if DC frequency-changeable compressor does not add the defective that active PFC can not move in the prior art under high frequency to overcome.
Realization principle of the present invention based on vector a little less than magnetic control system technology.DC frequency-changeable compressor is a kind of permanent magnet synchronous motor that does not have sensor, and according to the speed regulating control knowledge of the DC motor with separate excitation of Electrical Motor, the electromagnetic equation of DC motor with separate excitation is as follows:
E＝Ce×φ×n；
φ∝I
f
In the formula, E is the direct current motor counterelectromotive force, and Ce is a direct current motor electromotive force coefficient, φ is the every phase magnetic flux of direct current motor, and n is that the coil of direct current drive machine stator is pricked number, and U is the direct current motor stator voltage, Ia is a direct current motor armature electric current, Ra direct current motor armature resistance, I
fBe the direct current motor field current.
According to following formula, when the terminal voltage of DC motor with separate excitation reaches capacity magnitude of voltage, improve the motion speed of motor, just should manage to reduce the field current of motor, to guarantee the balance of voltage, promptly DC motor with separate excitation can carry out weak magnetism speed expansion by reducing field current.
Different with the synchronous motor of electric excitation, the excitation magnetomotive force of permanent magnet synchronous motor is because produced by permanent magnet, thereby can't regulate, the balance of voltage that can only be when regulating stator current and keep high speed operation, thus reach the purpose of weak magnetism speed expansion.The voltage equation of permanent magnet synchronous motor is as follows:
In the formula, u is the terminal voltage of motor, and ω is a motor rotor electric angle speed, and ρ is the prominent utmost point rate (constant) of motor, Ψ
fBe motor rotor magnetic linkage, L
dBe motor d axle inductance (constant), i
dBe motor d shaft current, i
qBe motor q shaft current.
According to following formula, when the terminal voltage of permanent magnet synchronous motor reaches the ceiling voltage that the inversion part can provide, want to continue to improve rotating speed and have only adjusting d shaft current i
dWith q shaft current i
q, this regulative mode is exactly the weak magnetic control system mode of permanent magnet synchronous motor.The present invention makes d shaft current i in the weak magnetic control system stage
d＞0, and play demagnetizing effect, weakening permanent magnetic field, and, play the i of demagnetizing effect along with the raising of speed
dWill constantly increase, keep electromagnetic balance, thereby the present invention realizes the high-frequency drive of compressor with lower busbar voltage.When busbar voltage was not enough to Driven Compressor and runs to setpoint frequency, the present invention started weak magnetic control system function, provides demagnetizing current to satisfy the setpoint frequency requirement of compressor to compressor.But the d shaft current can not unrestrictedly increase, because the rotor of compressor is a permanent magnet, the phenomenon of demagnetizing can occur when rotor is subjected to bigger contrary magnetic (demagnetizing current can produce the counter field of relative magnetic field of permanent magnet).Compressor is demagnetization in a single day, and the performance characteristic of this compressor will degenerate, even cisco unity malfunction.Therefore the present invention is according to the demagnetization characteristic of the compressor demagnetizing current i to compressor
dSize limit, guarantee that compressor can the phenomenon of demagnetizing not occur because adopting weak magnetic control system.
The present invention realizes on the basis of compressor control being carried out vector control, because vector control can become d shaft current i to the Current Decomposition of compressor
dWith q shaft current i
qThe present invention adopts the sinusoidal wave DC frequency-changing mode of 180 degree, is vector control technology; And existing compressor control technology is 120 degree control techniques, is not vector control technology, so can not implement weak magnetic control system to compressor.
The invention provides a kind of DC frequency-changeable compressor driving apparatus, comprise rectifying part, flat ripple part, control section and inversion part, detect resistance, be connected in the bus bar circuit of described compressor DC electrical source, bus current is sampled output bus current information; Intelligent control module is input as the bus current information that detects electrical resistance collection, calculates the d shaft current and the q shaft current of compressor, partly exports control signal to inversion.
According to one aspect of the present invention, intelligent control module further comprises: the electric current exerciser, be input as the bus current that detects electrical resistance collection, and be output as the three phase circuit that drives described compressor; Vector control is analyzed and VFC portion, is input as the three phase circuit that the electric current exerciser calculates, and is output as inversion part control signal.
According to another aspect of the present invention, vector control analysis and VFC portion further comprise: 3/2 modular converter, be input as three phase circuit and angle on target that the electric current exerciser calculates, and be output as d axle actual current and q axle actual current; PI control module 1 is input as target angular velocity and actual angular speed, is output as target moment; Dq current-order exerciser is input as target moment, is output as d axle target current and q axle target current; PI control module 2 is input as d axle actual current and d axle target current, is output as the d shaft voltage; PI control module 3 is input as q axle actual current and q axle target current, is output as the q shaft voltage; 2/3 modular converter is input as d axle target voltage, q axle target voltage and angle on target, is output as three-phase voltage; Position, speed estimating device are input as d axle target voltage, q axle target voltage, d axle actual current and q axle actual current, are output as angle on target and actual angular speed; Non-interference exerciser is input as d axle actual current and q axle actual current, is output as d axial adjustment voltage and q axial adjustment voltage.
The invention provides a kind of DC frequency-changeable compressor method for driving, comprise switching process, flat wave process, control procedure and inversion process, it is characterized in that control procedure comprises: the current sample process, the bus current of described compressor DC electrical source is sampled; The intelligent control process according to the bus current that detects electrical resistance collection, is calculated the d shaft current and the q shaft current of compressor, and the d shaft current and the q shaft current of compressor is carried out independent regulation.
According to another aspect of the present invention, the intelligent control process further comprises: electric current computational process, calculate the three phase circuit that drives described compressor according to the bus current that detects electrical resistance collection; Vector control is analyzed and the VFC process, according to the three phase circuit that the electric current exerciser calculates, calculates the d shaft current and the q shaft current of compressor, and the d shaft current and the q shaft current of compressor are carried out independent regulation.
According to another aspect of the present invention, the intelligent control process adopts the sinusoidal wave DC frequency-changing mode of 180 degree.
According to another aspect of the present invention, vector control analysis and VFC process further comprise: according to three phase circuit and the angle on target that the electric current exerciser calculates, utilize 3/2 modular converter to calculate d axle actual current and q axle actual current; According to target angular velocity and actual angular speed, utilize PI control module 1 to calculate target moment; According to target moment, utilize dq current-order exerciser to calculate d axle target current and q axle target current; According to d axle actual current and d axle target current, utilize PI control module 2 to calculate the d shaft voltage; According to q axle actual current and q axle target current, utilize PI control module 3 to calculate the q shaft voltage; According to d axle target voltage, q axle target voltage and angle on target, utilize 2/3 modular converter to calculate three-phase voltage; According to d axle target voltage, q axle target voltage, d axle actual current and q axle actual current, utilize position, speed estimating device to calculate angle on target and actual angular speed; According to d axle actual current and q axle actual current, utilize non-interference exerciser to calculate d axial adjustment voltage and q axial adjustment voltage.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:
The present invention adopts the weak magnetic control system technology of vector, by regulating d shaft current i
dWith q shaft current i
q,, solve the high frequency running problem of DC frequency-changeable compressor with the high-frequency drive of lower busbar voltage realization compressor.And the present invention need not add the BOOST booster circuit, therefore can not increase the cost of system.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the drive circuit figure of prior art compressor.
Fig. 2 adopts the boost drive circuit figure of compressor of method of PFC.
Fig. 3 is the drive circuit figure of compressor of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is the structural drawing of control section of the present invention and inversion part.
Fig. 5 is the structural drawing of intelligent control module among Fig. 4.
Fig. 6 is a kind of sequential chart of electric current exerciser operation of the present invention.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the specific embodiment of the present invention is described in further detail:
The drive circuit of compressor of the present invention as shown in Figure 3.This system comprises rectifying part, flat ripple part, control section, inversion part, ac power supply and compressor.Wherein rectifying part is made of a rectifier bridge, and flat ripple part is made of an electric capacity, and control section comprises that one is detected resistance and an intelligent control module, and the inversion part is made of an intelligent transducer module.Ac power supply partly is converted to DC electrical source by rectifying part peace ripple; Inversion part is after this DC electrical source frequency conversion, the running of Driven Compressor; Control section is controlled the intelligent transducer module of inversion part.
The structure of control section of the present invention and inversion part as shown in Figure 4.This system comprises that one is detected resistance, an intelligent control module, a DC electrical source V, an intelligent transducer module and a compressor.After DC electrical source V passes through the intelligent transducer module frequency conversion, the running of Driven Compressor; Detect resistance the bus current of intelligent transducer module is sampled, then sample rate current Idc is delivered to intelligent control module and detect; Intelligent control module sends control signal to intelligent transducer module, and the d shaft current and the q shaft current of compressor are controlled.Intelligent control module also comprises electric current exerciser and vector control analysis and VFC portion.The electric current exerciser detects sample rate current Idc, calculates three phase circuit Iu, Iv, Iw, and three phase circuit is delivered to vector control analysis and VFC portion.Intelligent transducer module also comprises an overcurrent protective device and 6 igbt transistor UP, VP, WP, UN, VN and WN.
The structure of intelligent control module as shown in Figure 5, this module comprises electric current exerciser and vector control analysis and VFC portion again.
The electric current exerciser calculates three phase circuit Iu, Iv, the Iw of Driven Compressor according to bus current Idc.A kind of sequential of electric current exerciser operation as shown in Figure 6.Top is and the on off state of U, V, IGBT that the W three-phase is relevant, and the middle part is bus current Idc, and the bottom is three phase circuit Iu, Iv, the Iw of Driven Compressor, also comprises two intervals of A and B in this sequential.The state of each IGBT corresponds respectively to 0, Iu, Iv, Iw ,-Iu ,-Iv, the value of-Iw.Can draw according to Fig. 4:
In the A interval, UP, VP, WN conducting, UN, VN, WP end, so the bus current Idc1=-Iw in A interval;
In the B interval, UP, VN, WN conducting, VP, WP, UN end, so the bus current Idc2=Iu in B interval;
Again because the vector of Iu, Iv, Iw and be zero, that is: Iu+Iv+Iw=0,
So the value of Iu, Iv, Iw can be obtained by following relation:
Iu＝Idc2，Iv＝Idc1-Idc2，Iw＝-Idc1。
Vector control analysis and VFC portion further comprise:
3/2 modular converter, three phase circuit Iu, Iv, Iw and angle on target θ that this module is calculated according to the electric current exerciser calculate d axle actual current Id1 and q axle actual current Iq1.
PI control module 1, this module are calculated target moment T according to target angular velocity ω 2 and actual angular speed ω 1.
Dq current-order exerciser, this module calculate d axle target current Id2 and q axle target current Iq2 according to target moment T.
PI control module 2, this module are calculated d shaft voltage Vd1 according to d axle actual current Id1 and d axle target current Id2.
PI control module 3, this module are calculated q shaft voltage Vq1 according to q axle actual current Iq1 and q axle target current Iq2.
2/3 modular converter, this module calculate three-phase voltage Vu, Vv, Vw according to d axle target voltage Vd, q axle target voltage Vq and angle on target θ.
Position, speed estimating device, this module calculate angle on target θ and actual angular speed ω 1 according to d axle target voltage Vd, q axle target voltage Vq, d axle actual current Id1 and q axle actual current Iq1.
Non-interference exerciser, this module calculate d axial adjustment voltage Vd2 and q axial adjustment voltage Vq2 according to d axle actual current Id1 and q axle actual current Iq1.
The above only is a preferred implementation of the present invention; should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, under the prerequisite that does not break away from the principle of the invention; can also make some improvements and modifications, these improvements and modifications also should be considered as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1, a kind of DC frequency-changeable compressor driving apparatus comprises rectifying part, flat ripple part, control section and inversion part, it is characterized in that control section comprises:
Detect resistance, be connected in the bus bar circuit of described compressor DC electrical source, bus current is sampled, output bus current information;
Intelligent control module is input as the bus current information that detects electrical resistance collection, calculates the d shaft current and the q shaft current of compressor, partly exports control signal to inversion.
2, DC frequency-changeable compressor driving apparatus according to claim 1 is characterized in that described intelligent control module further comprises:
The electric current exerciser is input as the bus current that detects electrical resistance collection, is output as the three phase circuit that drives described compressor;
Vector control is analyzed and VFC portion, is input as the three phase circuit that the electric current exerciser calculates, and is output as inversion part control signal.
3, as DC frequency-changeable compressor driving apparatus as described in the claim 2, it is characterized in that described vector control analysis and VFC portion further comprise:
3/2 modular converter is input as three phase circuit and angle on target that the electric current exerciser calculates, is output as d axle actual current and q axle actual current;
PI control module 1 is input as target angular velocity and actual angular speed, is output as target moment;
Dq current-order exerciser is input as target moment, is output as d axle target current and q axle target current;
PI control module 2 is input as d axle actual current and d axle target current, is output as the d shaft voltage;
PI control module 3 is input as q axle actual current and q axle target current, is output as the q shaft voltage;
2/3 modular converter is input as d axle target voltage, q axle target voltage and angle on target, is output as three-phase voltage;
Position, speed estimating device are input as d axle target voltage, q axle target voltage, d axle actual current and q axle actual current, are output as angle on target and actual angular speed;
Non-interference exerciser is input as d axle actual current and q axle actual current, is output as d axial adjustment voltage and q axial adjustment voltage.
4, a kind of DC frequency-changeable compressor method for driving comprises switching process, flat wave process, control procedure and inversion process, it is characterized in that control procedure comprises:
The current sample process is sampled to the bus current of described compressor DC electrical source;
The intelligent control process according to the bus current that detects electrical resistance collection, is calculated the d shaft current and the q shaft current of compressor, and the d shaft current and the q shaft current of compressor is carried out independent regulation.
5, as DC frequency-changeable compressor method for driving as described in the claim 4, it is characterized in that described intelligent control process further comprises:
Electric current computational process is calculated the three phase circuit that drives described compressor according to the bus current that detects electrical resistance collection;
Vector control is analyzed and the VFC process, according to the three phase circuit that the electric current exerciser calculates, calculates the d shaft current and the q shaft current of compressor, and the d shaft current and the q shaft current of compressor are carried out independent regulation.
As DC frequency-changeable compressor method for driving as described in claim 4 or 5, it is characterized in that 6, described intelligent control process adopts the sinusoidal wave DC frequency-changing mode of 180 degree.
7, as DC frequency-changeable compressor method for driving as described in the claim 5, it is characterized in that described vector control analysis and VFC process further comprise:
According to three phase circuit and the angle on target that the electric current exerciser calculates, utilize 3/2 modular converter to calculate d axle actual current and q axle actual current;
According to target angular velocity and actual angular speed, utilize PI control module 1 to calculate target moment;
According to target moment, utilize dq current-order exerciser to calculate d axle target current and q axle target current;
According to d axle actual current and d axle target current, utilize PI control module 2 to calculate the d shaft voltage;
According to q axle actual current and q axle target current, utilize PI control module 3 to calculate the q shaft voltage;
According to d axle target voltage, q axle target voltage and angle on target, utilize 2/3 modular converter to calculate three-phase voltage;
According to d axle target voltage, q axle target voltage, d axle actual current and q axle actual current, utilize position, speed estimating device to calculate angle on target and actual angular speed;
According to d axle actual current and q axle actual current, utilize non-interference exerciser to calculate d axial adjustment voltage and q axial adjustment voltage.
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| CN113279947B (en) * | 2021-06-07 | 2021-10-26 | 哈尔滨硕诺科技有限公司 | Intelligent water pump energy-saving control system |
| CN114337437A (en) * | 2021-12-30 | 2022-04-12 | 海信（山东）空调有限公司 | Control method of variable frequency air conditioner, variable frequency air conditioner and computer storage medium |
| CN114337437B (en) * | 2021-12-30 | 2024-04-02 | 海信空调有限公司 | Control method of variable frequency air conditioner, variable frequency air conditioner and computer storage medium |
| CN114738977A (en) * | 2022-03-30 | 2022-07-12 | 北京小米移动软件有限公司 | Air conditioner flux weakening angle control method and device and storage medium |
| CN114738977B (en) * | 2022-03-30 | 2024-04-09 | 北京小米移动软件有限公司 | Air conditioner flux weakening angle control method, device and storage medium |
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