CN101023348A - Portable apparatus for analysis of a refinery feedstock or a product of a refinery process - Google Patents

Portable apparatus for analysis of a refinery feedstock or a product of a refinery process Download PDF

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CN101023348A
CN101023348A CN 200580031562 CN200580031562A CN101023348A CN 101023348 A CN101023348 A CN 101023348A CN 200580031562 CN200580031562 CN 200580031562 CN 200580031562 A CN200580031562 A CN 200580031562A CN 101023348 A CN101023348 A CN 101023348A
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instrument
refinery
little
analytical instrument
product
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尼古拉斯·约翰·古登
迈克尔·霍奇斯
格拉哈姆·巴特勒
约阿基姆·弗尔克宁
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BP Oil International Ltd
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BP Oil International Ltd
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Abstract

The present invention provides a portable apparatus for analysis of a refinery feedstock or a product of a refinery process, said apparatus comprising: (a) a first analytical device for determination of the boiling point profile of a refinery feedstock or a product of a refinery process, and (b) at least two further analytical devices each of which contains or is associated with a database and an algorithm, at least one of said devices being adapted for determination of the density of the refinery feedstock or product of a refinery process, and at least one of said devices being adapted for determination of the total acid number of the refinery feedstock or product of a refinery process.

Description

Analyze the mancarried device of refinery feedstock or refinery practice product
The right of priority that No. the 60/611st, 050, the U.S. Provisional Patent Application of No. the 60/611st, 002, U.S. Provisional Patent Application that the present invention required submit on 09 17th, 2004 and submission on 09 17th, 2004.
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of mancarried device of analyzing refinery feedstock or refinery practice product.
Background technology
For example feedstock analysis such as oil in test of crude is the important analysis that raw material must carry out before the refinery refining.The many different raw materials of the common refining of refinery comprise different crude oil and blends of crudes, they every kind all have many different important performances.In order to ensure the top condition of every kind of raw material of refining and evaluation Example as the potential value of raw materials such as available product yield, quality and value and for example corrosion or deposition etc. to as described in the potential impact of refinery practice of raw material, usually need to analyze a large amount of performances.And for example in chemical examination, can not measure burn into fouling or catalyst poisoning etc. usually, but can be from other performance estimation to the influence of refinery practice.
It is time-consuming analyzing traditionally, needs relative wide variety of materials, produces part analysis (chemical examination) data and need spend 1-2 week, produces the time of an a complete set of data cost up to 6 weeks.It is not abnormal thing that the raw material of buying does not have full assay data can offer the buyer, and therefore, the buyer must make many hypothesis to the value of raw material, for example for crude oil, can suppose according to the knowledge of the existing crude oil in similar area.This is for estimating new crude oil products, and particularly the crude oil from the new production area exists special risk.
If the refinery feedstock analysis is preferably the full assay data and can promptly offers the potential buyer, this will be favourable.
In addition, the express-analysis of process for refining product also needs.This product comprises the intermediate, pitch of whole refinery practice, subsequently as the product of the whole refinery practice of industrial chemicals with subsequently as fuel or lubricating oil or act as a fuel or product and the fuel (for example aero oil, gasoline, diesel oil and bunker fuel) and the lubricating oil itself of the whole refinery practice of the blending ingredients that lubricating oil is used.
The description of refinery practice and their product are all known those skilled in the art, for example in Ullmann ' the s Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry that is published by Wiley, the exercise question of being write by Walther W.Irion and Otto S.Neuwirth is the Zhang Zhongyou description of " Oil Refining ".
WO 00/39561 relates to a kind of crude oil automatic analysis method that uses spectroscopy.Although use the needed performance of crude oils of the spectroscopy energy many chemical examinations of express analysis, but the method for WO 00/39561 still needs a large amount of crude oil, use conventional distillation equipment and cost to analyze over 2 days, the infrared spectrum that is used to measure does not contain the information of the common needed all properties of oil in test of crude, and some performances will be determined with the secondary that degree of accuracy reduces greatly is related like this.
Summary of the invention
Found a kind of method now, only, randomly just can obtain the determinacy chemical examination of refinery feedstock or refinery practice product with the mensuration of sulfur content by the mensuration of boiling point distribution, density and the total acid number (" TAN ") of raw material or product.Thought in the past and only use these parameters can't obtain useful analysis data.The invention provides a kind of mancarried device, use this device just can chemically examine rapidly away from ground, assay laboratory.
Therefore, the invention provides a kind of mancarried device of analyzing refinery feedstock or refinery practice product, described device comprises:
(a) determine first analytical instrument that the boiling point of refinery feedstock or refinery practice product distributes and
(b) at least two other analytical instrument, each all contains database and algorithm or related with database and algorithm, in the described instrument at least one is suitable for determining the density of refinery feedstock or refinery practice product, and at least one in the described instrument is suitable for determining the total acid number (TAN) of refinery feedstock or refinery practice product.
Analytical instrument in little suitably manufacturing mancarried device of the present invention, they can be the forms of sensor.The instrument of little manufacturing is such instrument, and it uses the technology that is fit to microchip industries to make the crucial analysis part or the detecting device of instrument, provides spectrogram or simple electric signal in response to the substances of contact.Simple electric signal is supplied with relevant electronic component, and the signal transition one-tenth of input is measured the value of performance or used the further processing signals of chemometric techniques.Directly use spectrogram or before using chemometric techniques mathematics ground processing spectrogram, thereby provide needed performance.In each case, described value or spectrogram all are input in the model, this model by the value of measuring or spectrogram with form with the sample of existing analysis determining method mensuration known or performance between the relation generation.
Usually, sensor produces simple electric signal, and sensor is very little and cheap, is used for measuring single performance.Other miniature instrument that produces spectrogram may be big slightly, more expensive, is commonly used to measure more than one performance.
Key feature of the present invention is that device of the present invention should contain instrument and at least two Other Instruments that at least one boiling point that can determine refinery feedstock or refinery practice product distributes, and selects described Other Instruments to make its most suitable performance that will measure.This determining instrument is different from classic method with the coupling of the performance that will determine, and classic method is used an instrument, uses the NIR spectrometer usually, by the related performance of measuring all needs between spectrogram and the existing assay determination.
Determine that first analytical instrument that boiling point distributes can directly provide the boiling point distribution, distribute that for example reference comprises the appropriate database of the data of known sample such as known crude oil but preferably use suitable software or above-mentioned model to provide boiling point.With need become the classic method of each component to compare oily physical separation, can obtain in this way analyzing very rapidly.First analytical instrument is preferably determined the true boiling-poin distribution (TBP) of refinery feedstock or refinery practice product.First analytical instrument is preferably selected from (i) little distillation or micro-fractionation device, (ii) little NIR spectrometer, (iii) micro oscillation instrument and (iv) little gas chromatograph.
Described device also comprises at least two other analytical instrument, comprises the instrument of at least one instrument of measuring density and at least one mensuration TAN.The preferred instrument of measuring density is an osciducer, and the instrument of measuring TAN is an electrochemical sensor.If desired, each in these auxiliary instrumentation is planted other performances except determining one or more, can also determine that boiling point distributes, and preferably can determine TBP.For example, first analytical instrument can be little distillation or micro-fractionation device, and second analytical instrument can be little NIR spectrometer.
Therefore, in preferred embodiments, the invention provides a kind of mancarried device of analyzing refinery feedstock or refinery practice product, wherein said device comprises three or more analytical instrument that are selected from little distillation or micro-fractionation device, little NIR spectrometer, micro oscillation instrument and the little gas chromatograph.In particularly preferred embodiments, described device contains at least one that is selected from little distillation or micro-fractionation device, little NIR spectrometer, micro oscillation instrument and the little gas chromatograph, preferred at least three instruments and additional osciducer and electrochemical sensor.
Said apparatus, the device that for example contains three or more instruments in little distillation or micro-fractionation device, little NIR spectrometer, micro oscillation instrument and the little gas chromatograph can provide a large amount of refinery feedstock chemical examination or needed analysis data of refinery practice product analysis usually.
In addition, other analytical instrument (b) comprises that many analyzing adjuncts instruments are to guarantee further required refinery feedstock or refinery practice product property.And, can comprise the single performance of more than one Instrument measuring in this device.When the result was used for mutual verification, this tangible redundancy was just very valuable.
Except boiling point distribution, density and TAN, the refinery feedstock that expectation is determined or other performance of refinery practice product also all depend on sample, can comprise total base number (TBN), cold flow performance (for example pour point, solidifying point and cloud point), viscosity, research octane number (RON) (RON), motor octane number (MON), cetane rating, smoke point, U.S. mineral bureau correlation index (BMCI), refractive index, conductivity, sulfur content, nitrogen content, nickel content, content of vanadium and their combination usually.Preferred described device contains the Other Instruments that at least one determines one or more kinds in these performances.For example, this device can contain coupling for example and join other device that little gas chromatograph and little mass spectrometric pyrolysis instrument etc. are measured sulfur contents, and/or the Other Instruments of definite tenor such as metal specificity sensor for example.
The suitable apparatus of determining described other performance can comprise that microconductivity/electric capacity instrument (for example measuring acid number), miniflow become instrument (for example measuring viscosity) and differential light microscopic instrument, for example NIR, ion mobility/differential mobility, acousto-optic, acoustics, UV-Vis and Mid-IR spectrometer (for example measuring the MID IR of cycloalkanes acid number).Microconductivity/electric capacity instrument, miniflow become instrument and the acousto-optic instrument can utilize forms of sensor, can form the operative sensor array in device of the present invention.
One or more other analytical instrument in the step (b) can determine that the density of refinery feedstock or refinery practice product integral body and TAN and optional one or more plants other performance, and/or the density of one or more cut of refinery feedstock or refinery practice product and TAN and optional one or more are planted other performance.
Like this, in preferred scheme, the invention provides a kind of mancarried device of analyzing refinery feedstock or refinery practice product, described device comprises:
(a) differential is from instrument, and its boiling point that can determine refinery feedstock or refinery practice product distributes, be used for refinery feedstock or refinery practice product be separated into two or more cuts and
(b) determine the density of one or more cut and two or more other analytical instrument of TAN.
In this embodiment, differential is separated at least two cuts from instrument with refinery feedstock or refinery practice product, can analyze described cut with two or more other analytical instrument then.
The differential of step (a) can determine that from instrument the boiling point of refinery feedstock or refinery practice product distributes, and preferably can determine TBP.Preferably, differential is first analytical instrument of step of the present invention (a) from instrument.Most preferably, differential is selected from little distillation or micro-fractionation device and micro oscillation instrument from instrument.
Alternatively, except two or more determined the analytical instrument of cut density and TAN, other analytical instrument of (b) two or more can comprise that being used for definite boiling point distributes, and preferably determines described first analytical instrument (a) of TBP.
The density of one or more cut of other analytical instrument determining step (a) preparation of use (b), TAN and optional boiling point distribute.Can also be equipped with one or more other analytical instrument of the overall performance that to determine refinery feedstock or refinery practice product.
For example, can be little distillation or micro-fractionation device as the differential of first analytical instrument from instrument, second analytical instrument can be little NIR spectrometer.Can use little NIR, thereby for example provide one or more cut and the overall refinery feedstock of choosing wantonly or density, stable hydrocarbon amount and the aromatic hydrocarbons amount of refinery practice product that obtains from instrument about by differential.
Alternatively, or in addition, described other analytical instrument can also comprise above-mentioned many other analytical instrument, to guarantee other needed performance of overall refinery feedstock or refinery practice product and/or cut.
Preferred device of the present invention can be handed, and has the general assembly (TW) less than 5kg suitably, for example 2kg or lighter.
Device of the present invention only needs a spot of refinery feedstock or refinery practice product (hereinafter refinery feedstock or refinery practice product can be described as " sample "), is less than 10ml usually, 10ml or still less for example, preferred 1ml or still less.Because need a spot of sample, so can in the time of the more remarkable weak points of conventional analysis such as ratio such as conventional oil in test of crude, analyze.
Usually, device of the present invention can provide analysis being lower than in two hours, preferably provides analysis being lower than in 30 minutes, preferably is lower than 5 minutes, for example is lower than 2 minutes.
Refinery feedstock can be to supply with any proper raw material of refinery, for example crude oil, synthetic crude, biological components, intermediate, and for example residue or cracked stock or one or more are planted the potpourri of described raw material.
Refinery feedstock is preferably crude oil or blends of crudes, and one or more plant synthetic crude component, biological components or intermediate component, for example residual components or cracked stock component randomly also to comprise (mixing).
When using mancarried device of the present invention to analyze the refinery practice product, described product can be the intermediate stream, pitch of whole refinery practice, subsequently as the whole refinery practice product of industrial chemicals, subsequently as the whole refinery practice product of fuel or lubricant or as the product of the blending ingredients that is used for fuel or lubricant or for example aero oil, gasoline, diesel oil or wet goods fuel peculiar to vessel or lubricating oil itself.
When having little distillation or micro-fractionation device, thereby it can be to be used for distilling sample to provide and the conventional suitable apparatus that distills the similar cut of gained.For example, little distillation or micro-fractionation device can distill the crude oil or other refinery feedstock, distill similarly those cuts of gained to provide with the conventional refining of crude distillation unit (CDU).Little distillation apparatus can also be the instrument of little design, the sample of micro-heater, steam supplyization that comprises vaporized sample (for example crude oil) by reaching gas-liquid separation the suitable pipeline such as the suitable condensing zone (being generally the cooling zone, for example little refrigeration machine) of kapillary etc., the vaporized sample condensation by pipeline and measure the microsensor of condensing zone sample condensation.Microsensor can be an optical sensor.Preferably, little distillation apparatus is the separate apparatus of little manufacturing on silicon wafer for example.Little distillation apparatus can be disposable.When little distillation apparatus provided a series of similar routines to distill the cut that obtains, these cuts can be analyzed with one or more other analytical instrument.
When having the micro oscillation instrument, it is preferably acousto-optic instrument or sensor.The micro oscillation instrument is based on the mensuration of instrument oscillation frequency, and described frequency changes with the quality of material on oscillator.Like this, if material evaporates or condensation, then frequency change on this instrument.The information that distributes with boiling point is the same, and the acousto-optic instrument can provide the information that forms about viscosity, cold flow performance, volatile contaminant and sediment.Suitable microoscillator is described in United States Patent (USP) the 5th, 661, and 233 and 5,827, in No. 952 communiques.
When having little NIR, it can be used for for example providing the information that distributes about boiling point and provides the simulation distil curve and the density of the cut whole and/or that obtained by appropriate separation steps such as for example little distillation apparatus about sample and the information of stable hydrocarbon amount and aromatic hydrocarbons amount are provided.Also can measure sulphur and/or cold flow performance, for example cloud point and solidifying point, acid number (TAN), research octane number (RON) (RON), motor octane number (MON), cetane rating and smoke point.Suitable little NIR analyser comprises the Axsun NIR-APS analyser that the Axsun Technologies Inc. of Massachusetts produces.
When having little gas chromatograph, it can provide the simulation distil curve and can provide the hydrocarbon species as the C1-C9 hydrocarbon to form.Suitable little gas chromatograph comprises SLS microtechnology gas chromatograph or other microchip gas-like phase chromatograph, for example those products of being developed by the University ofMassachusetts.
When having micro-ion mobility/differential mobility spectrometer, it can be used for providing the information about specific molecular type, particularly polar molecule in the sample, for example pollutant such as organic chloride or methyl alcohol and sulfide and nitrogen compound.And micro-ion mobility/differential mobility spectrometer that coupling connection low-grade fever is separated instrument can provide the nitrogen and the sulphur content of raising and analyse.Preferably use micro-ion mobility/differential mobility spectrometer with little gas chromatograph and/or prefrationation/pre-concentration instrument combination ground.Suitable micro-ion mobility/differential mobility spectrometer comprises Sinoex microDMx.
The instrument of little manufacturing of forms of sensor is little low with cost because of size, so be favourable.In the preferred embodiment of apparatus of the present invention, this device contains one or more little instrument as sensor.Many such sensors can be arranged, preferably arrange with array format.Each sensor all is equipped with associated electronic components and the optional stoichiometry model that this value is associated with desired properties that sensor signal is converted to numerical value.Sensor signal contains relevant for the information of the performance of measuring or the related information of performance direct and mensuration.
The present invention has following advantage: because their single size is with relative little to the demand of sample, so many different analytical instrument can be arranged in the mancarried device.The inventive system comprises at least 3 different analytical instrument, preferred at least 5 different analytical instrument, at least 10 different analytical instrument for example, use this device can determine many performances of sample (or its cut), directly or the data of a great deal of are provided to analysis by the appropriate database model that further describes below.
Device of the present invention has portability, thereby can take the local and express-analysis sample of wanting analytic sample to.For example, for crude assay (chemical examination), this device can be used for " scene " chemical examination/evaluation fast of crude oil, for example on petroleum tank or land crude oil storage tank, load or unload when putting from petroleum tank or from pipeline at the harbour, or, make the potential buyer determine the value of crude oil fast at oil recovery drilling well or production site.At the oil recovery drill site, on " well head " of drill site, can use device of the present invention, thereby the express-analysis of crude oil is provided, the quick feedback of the performance of crude oils of test pit for example is provided, thereby can estimates described crude oil.In this application, can make oil remove the dirt that drilling process such as drilling well adjuvant for example brings by prefilter, or use suitable calibration model that the data that obtain are proofreaied and correct.
Because the part dimension of device of the present invention is relatively little, so power requirement is also low relatively.Therefore, this device can be with suitable battery (electric battery), preferred rechargeable battery operation, and battery request can not be too heavy, otherwise influence the portability of device.
Preferred this device comprises or for example radio communication such as based on wireless mesh network of compatibility at least, more preferably telecommunication means such as satellite data communication for example, make analysis result communication easily to the potential buyer, reduce the time that data offer the potential buyer of analyzing once more.
Especially when not having suitable little instrument, device of the present invention can be used in combination with other hand-held analyzer, described other hand-held analyzer particularly for example Portable X-ray fluorescence (XRF) spectrometer and laser induced breakdown spectrograph (LIBS) etc. provide those instruments of element data, to improve the amplitude of chemical examination.
XRF for example can provide sulphur and the metal content analysis as samples such as crude oil fractions.Suitable Portable X RF analyser comprises can be available from those analysers of OXFORD instruments.
Usually, device of the present invention randomly makes up with any other analyser, can produce the data of at least 10 critical natures of sample to be analyzed, for example at least 20 critical natures.For example for oil in test of crude, device of the present invention randomly makes up with any other analyser, the data that preferably provide the data of most of critical nature that conventional crude chemical examination measures or them to derive (below further describe) comprise boiling point distribution, density, total acid number (TAN), cold flow performance (for example pour point and cloud point), viscosity, sulfur content, nitrogen content, nickel content, content of vanadium and their combination of whole crude oil and/or its cut.Chemically examine other refinery feedstock and need similar performance.
The analysis data that device of the present invention and optional any other analyser provide can directly produce enough analysis data, the analysis data of the crude oil of for example analyzing or estimating.
Alternatively, by the optional analysis data that directly obtain with other analyser combination of this device, can be improved by being input to suitable data storehouse model, described database model is generally by analyzing the model that a large amount of resulting analysis data of other sample are derived.For example for crude assay, the analysis data that obtain can be improved by being input to the crude oil assay database model of being derived by a large amount of resultant analysis data of other crude oil of analysis.Can use crude oil assay database model to produce the improved detailed assay of degree of confidence.
Similarly, for the analysis of refinery practice product, data can improve by the appropriate database model that is input to the product property that analysis similar in a large number (quite) product derives.
As an example, when the analysis data that obtained by apparatus of the present invention and optional any other analyser are the data that obtained by multivariable analysis technology such as for example NIR, this analysis data are analyzed in the linear combination that information can be fitted to multivariable analysis data known in the described database, for example describe in WO 03/48759.
Because can obtain express-analysis, so can obtain analyzing and/or being used for process optimization more frequently by device of the present invention.For example, this device can be used in refinery, can carry out periodic analysis to the refinery feedstock potpourris such as for example blends of crudes of refinery production (two or more available sources), guarantees the best refining configuration of this potpourri.Consistance and/or quality in the time of can also using this device checking raw material to arrive refinery or mix the station, and/or can use this device to be provided for being input to mix and processing refining Optimization Model in the raw material quality and the on-line determination of performance data.
When " well head " of drill site uses device of the present invention, can operate many devices at the different well heads that use shared transport mechanism such as shared pipeline for example, thereby the crude assay of each well is provided.The analysis of each crude oil and suitable progress can make the composition of final blends of crudes more optimize.In addition, the crude oil of the different well heads of replicate analysis can use single crude oil to predict influence to the blends of crudes of producing over time, or regulate and mix to keep the blends of crudes of constant-quality.
Similarly, when using the available product of this device analysis refinery practice, can use the consistance and the quality of this device check refinery and the product of postorder position, described postorder position for example chemical plant self, fuel mix terminal, contain tanks or static jar or the gas station front courtyard of the jar of fuel as airport, shipyard.
On the other hand, the present invention also provides a kind of method of analyzing refinery feedstock or refinery practice product, and described method comprises uses aforementioned mancarried device to analyze refinery feedstock or refinery practice product.
This method can also comprise uses one or more other hand-held analyzer to analyze refinery feedstock or refinery practice product, gives the potential buyer and/or the analytical information and the aforementioned data storehouse model that obtain is combined with the analysis result communication.

Claims (17)

1. mancarried device of analyzing refinery feedstock or refinery practice product, described device comprises:
(a) determine first analytical instrument that the boiling point of refinery feedstock or refinery practice product distributes and
(b) at least two other analytical instrument, each all contains database and algorithm or related with them, in the described instrument at least one is suitable for determining the density of refinery feedstock or refinery practice product, and at least one in the described instrument is suitable for determining the total acid number of refinery feedstock or refinery practice product.
2. mancarried device as claimed in claim 1, wherein said first analytical instrument is selected from (i) little distillation or micro-fractionation device, (ii) little NIR spectrometer, (iii) micro oscillation instrument and (iv) little gas chromatograph.
3. mancarried device as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein at least one described other analytical instrument comprises except analyzing one or more and planting other performance, can also determine the analytical instrument that boiling point distributes.
4. each described mancarried device in the claim as described above, described device comprises three or more analytical instrument that are selected from little distillation or micro-fractionation device, little NIR spectrometer, micro oscillation instrument and the little gas chromatograph.
5. each described mancarried device in the claim as described above, wherein Pei Zhi at least one analytical instrument is a sensor.
6. mancarried device as claimed in claim 5, described device comprises that vibration is selected from three or more analytical instrument in little distillation or micro-fractionation device, little NIR spectrometer, micro oscillation instrument and the little gas chromatograph, and osciducer and electrochemical sensor.
7. each described mancarried device in the claim as described above, described device comprises instrument that at least one determines sulfur content and/or the instrument that at least one determines tenor.
8. each described mancarried device in the claim as described above, described device can also be measured at least a in the following performance: total base number, cold flow performance, viscosity, research octane number (RON), motor octane number, cetane rating, smoke point, U.S. mineral bureau correlation index, refractive index, conductivity, nitrogen content and their combination.
9. each described mancarried device in the claim as described above, wherein two or more other analytical instrument of step (b) are determined the density and the TAN of refinery feedstock or refinery practice product integral body, and/or the density and the TAN of one or more cut of refinery feedstock or refinery practice product.
10. each described mancarried device in the claim as described above, described device comprises:
(a) differential is from instrument, and its boiling point that can determine refinery feedstock or refinery practice product distributes, be used for refinery feedstock or refinery practice product be separated into two or more cuts and
(b) two or more other analytical instrument are used for determining the density and the TAN of one or more cut.
11. mancarried device as claimed in claim 10, wherein the differential of step (A) is first analytical instrument of step (a) from instrument, and it is selected from little distillation or micro-fractionation device and micro oscillation instrument.
12. mancarried device as claimed in claim 11, described device comprise as differential from little distillation of instrument or micro-fractionation device with as little NIR spectrometer of second analytical instrument.
13. each described mancarried device in the claim as described above, wherein said device is handed, and has less than 5kg, for example 2kg or lower general assembly (TW).
14. each described mancarried device in the claim as described above, wherein said device comprises at least 5 different analytical instrument.
15. comprising, a method of analyzing refinery feedstock or refinery practice product, described method use each described mancarried device analysis refinery feedstock or refinery practice product in the aforementioned claim.
16. method as claimed in claim 15 wherein is improved by being input in the model of suitable data storehouse by the analysis data that described mancarried device obtains.
17. as claim 15 or 16 described methods, described method comprises analyse crude oil or blends of crudes.
CN 200580031562 2004-09-17 2005-09-15 Portable apparatus for analysis of a refinery feedstock or a product of a refinery process Pending CN101023348A (en)

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