CN101020260B

CN101020260B - Gear rack machining apparatus

Info

Publication number: CN101020260B
Application number: CN2007100202817A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 马俊国
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2007-03-15
Filing date: 2007-03-15
Publication date: 2010-12-22
Anticipated expiration: 2027-03-15
Also published as: CN101020260A

Abstract

The gear rack machining apparatus includes one machine tool seat, one work bench on the machine tool seat, and one gear rack machining head capable of sliding in the X direction. The cylindrical work bench capable of rotating around its axis in X direction is set on the machine tool seat, and has several gear rack installing slots extending in X direction and distributed in the circumference direction of the work bench. The gear machining head includes fixing base, cutter seat on the fixing base for Y direction feeding, and at least one upper cutter and one lower cutter distributed in Z axis direction, with the distance between the upper cutter and the lower cutter being not greater than the width of the gear rack under machining. The present invention has high cutting precision and long cutter life.

Description

A kind of gear rack machining apparatus

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of gear rack machining apparatus.

Background technology

In the prior art, the processing method of tooth bar adopts the milling cutter of various criterion directly raw material to be carried out grinding, and for little modulus tooth bar, this processing is fairly simple convenient; But when the modulus of tooth bar increases, should not adopt milling cutter directly to be ground to the mode of tooth, so people utilize planer by the mode of digging processing the tooth bar blank to be planed usually, but no matter adopt milling cutter to process little modulus tooth bar and still utilize planer machining large-modulus tooth bar, in process, all be processing of single rack base, its working (machining) efficiency is very low, utilize for this reason on the cylindrical workbench that rotates many toothed rack base is installed simultaneously, make working (machining) efficiency be improved, this columniform workbench also must carry out no matter grinding or planing with milling cutter, and milling cutter will intermittently carry out work.At present, all use a milling cutter to process on most gear rack machining apparatus that use, milling cutter will be received three stress when teeth groove of processing like this, and when interrupter duty, the cutting impulsive force is bigger, and the milling cutter receipts are decreased serious.

Summary of the invention

The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of gear rack machining apparatus, it can process many toothed rack simultaneously.

In order to reach above purpose, the scheme that the present invention adopts is: a kind of gear rack machining apparatus, it comprises machine base, be arranged on the workbench on the described machine base, can be arranged on the described machine base slidably and the tooth bar processing head of close described workbench along X-direction, described workbench is cylindrical, and it can be arranged on the described machine base rotationally around self axial line, the axial line of this cylindrical workbench extends along X-direction, the outer circle wall of described workbench is provided with a plurality of mounting grooves that are used to install tooth bar and extend along X-direction, described a plurality of mounting groove distributes along the circumferencial direction of described workbench, described tooth bar processing head comprises holder, be arranged on the described holder and can do the tool rest of feed motion along Y direction, be set with upper slitter and following cutter that at least one pair of distributes along the Z axle on the described tool rest, the distance between the upper surface of the upper surface of described upper slitter and described cutter down is not more than the width of tooth bar to be processed.

Described upper slitter and following cutter symmetric arrangement.

Also be provided with on the tooth bar processing head and drive the feed drive unit that described tool rest is done feed motion, the nut that described feed drive unit comprises the leading screw that is arranged on rotationally on the described holder, be fixedly installed on the described tool rest and be threaded mutually with described leading screw, the axial line of described leading screw extends along Y direction, and an end of described leading screw is fixedly connected with and drives its second handwheel rotationally.

Described machine base is provided with the slide rail that extends along X-direction, and being set with the described slide block of slide block on the described tooth bar processing head can slide along described slide rail.

Also be provided with on the described machine base and drive the sliding driving device that described slide block slides along slide rail, described sliding driving device comprises the sliding rack that is fixed on the described machine base, is arranged on balladeur train on the described tooth bar processing head rotationally, described sliding rack extends along X-direction, the transmission that is meshed with sliding rack of described balladeur train, an end of the rotating shaft of described balladeur train are fixedly connected with and drive its first handwheel rotationally.

Distance between described adjacent two mounting grooves is less than the width of tooth bar to be processed.

Because the present invention has adopted above technical scheme, its advantage is: by upper slitter and following cutter are set in tool rest upper edge Z-direction, and the distance between the upper surface of the upper surface of upper slitter and following cutter is not more than the width of tooth bar to be processed, impulsive force in the time of can reducing upper slitter and following cutter like this and intermittently adjacent two toothed rack bases are carried out cutting, also reduced simultaneously the stress that single cutter is received when manufacturing gear strip, not only can make cutting accuracy higher, but also prolong the service life of cutter.

Description of drawings

Accompanying drawing 1 is the right view (band partial cutaway) of gear rack machining apparatus;

Accompanying drawing 2 is the enlarged drawing of accompanying drawing 1 at the A place;

Accompanying drawing 3 is the front view (band partial cutaway) of gear rack machining apparatus;

Accompanying drawing 4 is that the B of accompanying drawing 3 is to view;

Wherein: 1, machine base; 2, workbench; 3, tooth bar processing head; 4, feed drive unit; 5, mounting groove; 6, column; 7, rotating shaft; 8, driving wheel; 9, reduction box; 10, first helical gear; 11, second helical gear; 12, slide rail; 13, slide block; 14, sliding driving device; 15, sliding rack; 16, balladeur train; 17, first handwheel; 18, processing head positioner; 19, first keeper; 20, second keeper; 21, location division; 22, holder; 23, tool rest; 24, upper slitter; 25, following cutter; 26, leading screw; 27, nut; 28, second handwheel; 29, micro-adjusting mechanism; 30, upper cutter head; 31, following tool rest; 32, fine setting screw rod; 33, fine-tuning nut; 34, the 3rd handwheel; 35, operating grip.

The specific embodiment

See shown in Fig. 1～5, a kind of gear rack machining apparatus, it comprises machine base 1, be arranged on workbench 2 on the machine base 1, can be arranged at slidably on the machine base 1 and near the tooth bar processing head 3 of workbench 2 along X-direction.

Workbench 2 is cylindrical, and it can be arranged on the machine base 1 rotationally around self axial line, the axial line of this cylindrical workbench 2 extends along X-direction, the outer circle wall of workbench 2 is provided with a plurality of mounting grooves 5 that are used to install tooth bar and extend along X-direction, a plurality of mounting grooves 5 distribute along the circumferencial direction of workbench 2, distance between adjacent two mounting grooves 5 is less than the width of tooth bar to be processed, tooth bar with many preprocessings is installed in the different mounting groove 5 like this, just can realize the many toothed rack of time processing, thereby improve the working (machining) efficiency of whole gear rack machining apparatus.

Machine base 1 is provided with two parallel columns 6, two root posts 6 extend along Z-direction, a rotating shaft 7 has been set up in the upper end of two root posts 6, workbench 2 is fixedly connected in the rotating shaft 7, rotate in order to drive rotating shaft 7, also be provided with driving wheel 8 on the machine base 1, be connected with reduction box 9 in the rotating shaft of driving wheel 8, the output shaft of reduction box 9 is coaxially connected with first

helical gear

10,10 external toothings of first helical gear have second helical gear 11, second helical gear 11 also is fixed in the rotating shaft 7, the rotating shaft of i.e. rotating shaft of second helical gear 11 and machine table 2 is same rotating shaft, generally, driving wheel 8 is all driven by motor (not drawing on the figure), when starter motor, driving wheel 8 just will drive cylindrical workbench 2 around self axial line rotation like this.Because the helical gear gear teeth are when the exchange engagement, load is to add gradually, lays down gradually again, so transmission is more steady, impact, vibration and noise are less, are suitable for heavy load transmission, therefore for the transmission of workbench 2, relying on helical gear engaged transmission is a kind of reasonable embodiment.

Machine base 1 is provided with the slide rail 12 that extends along X-direction, be set with slide block 13 on the tooth bar processing head 3, slide block 13 can slide along described slide rail 12, can slide along X-direction in order to drive tooth bar processing head 3, also be provided with on the machine base 1 and drive the sliding driving device 14 that slide block 13 slides along slide rail 12, sliding driving device 14 comprises the sliding rack 15 that is fixed on the machine base 1, be arranged on the balladeur train 16 on the tooth bar processing head 3 rotationally, sliding rack 15 extends along X-direction, one end of the rotating shaft of balladeur train 16 is fixedly connected with and drives its first handwheel 17 rotationally, like this, when rotating first handwheel 17, balladeur train 16 and sliding rack 15 slide thereby drive slide block 13 engaged transmission along slide rail 12 along X-direction.

In order to make tooth bar processing head 3 when X-axis is slided, tooth bar processing head 3 can be located on certain X-axis position, also be provided with processing head positioner 18 in machine base 1, processing head positioner 18 comprises first keeper 19 that is fixed on the described machine base 1, second keeper 20 that is arranged on the tooth bar processing head 3 and can moves along Y direction, a plurality of location divisions 21 that distribute along X-direction are set on first keeper 19, one end of second location division 20 is set with operating grip 35, distance in a plurality of location divisions 21 between adjacent two location divisions equates that with the space width of the tooth bar of presetting second keeper 20 fixes with at least one location division 21 and cooperates.

Concrete form about first keeper 19 and second keeper 20 has multiple, introduce a kind of fairly simple mode below: first keeper 19 is set to the location tooth bar that space width equates with the space width of the tooth bar of presetting, second keeper 20 is for locating the tooth bar locating detent of interlock mutually with this, teeth groove in the tooth bar of location just will become location division 21 like this, when locating detent is inserted at least one teeth groove of locating tooth bar, tooth bar processing head 3 will be positioned in X-direction, since second keeper 20 (locating detent) but Y direction move, like this when the tooth of the same position of many toothed rack processed good after, spurring second keeper 20 makes it move along Y direction, thereby make the location division 21 that second keeper 20 breaks away from first keeper 19, make tooth bar processing head 3 slide to the next tooth position that needs processing by sliding driving device 14, with location division interlock mutually adjacent on second keeper 20 and first keeper 19 with above-mentioned location division 21, operate the next tooth of tooth bar processing head 3 processing tooth bar to be processed again, this locate mode can guarantee that the space width of the tooth bar that machines equates with the space width of the tooth bar of presetting.

Tooth bar processing head 3 comprises holder 22, above-mentioned slide block 13 just is fixedly installed on this holder 22, holder 22 is provided with the tool rest 23 that can do feed motion along Y direction, be set with upper slitter 24 and following cutter 25 that at least one pair of distributes along the Z axle on the tool rest 23, distance between the upper surface of the upper surface of upper slitter 24 and following cutter 25 is not more than the width of tooth bar to be processed, be provided with like this, impulsive force in the time of can reducing the interrupted cutting of upper slitter 24 and following cutter 25, so not only can make cutting accuracy higher, but also prolong the service life of cutter.

Also be provided with on the tooth bar processing head 3 and drive the feed drive unit 4 that tool rest 23 is done feed motion, the nut 27 that feed drive unit 4 comprises the leading screw 26 that is arranged on rotationally on the holder 22, be fixedly installed on the tool rest 23 and be threaded mutually with leading screw 26, the axial line of leading screw 26 extends along Y direction, one end of leading screw 26 is fixedly connected with and drives its second handwheel 28 rotationally, rotate second handwheel 28 like this, tool rest 23 will be done feed motion, in continuous feeding process, upper slitter 24 and following cutter 25 just can cut satisfactory tooth.

In order to make tool rest 23 further accurately to regulate in X-direction, make cutter (upper slitter 24 and following cutter 25) to break tooth in the default accurate position of tooth bar, tool rest 23 is divided into upper cutter head 30 and following tool rest 31 two parts, and whole tool rest 23 is provided with micro-adjusting mechanism 29, upper cutter head 30 can be by micro-adjusting mechanism 29 with respect to tool rest 31 down along the small slip of X-direction.Usually cutter 25 was fixed on the upper cutter head 30 under upper slitter 24 reached, and the nut 27 in the above-mentioned feed drive unit 4 is fixed on down on the tool rest 31.Micro-adjusting mechanism 29 comprises a fine-tuning nut 33 that is arranged on down fine setting screw rod 32 on the tool rest 31 rotationally, is fixedly installed on the upper cutter head 30 and is threaded mutually with fine setting screw rod 32 in the present embodiment, one end of fine setting screw rod 32 is provided with the 3rd handwheel 34, rotate the 3rd handwheel 34 like this, just can accurately locate, make it possible to break tooth in the accurate position of tooth bar to be processed to upper slitter 24 and following cutter 25.

Upper slitter 24 and following cutter 25 symmetric arrangement, upper slitter 24 can cut the relative cell wall of same teeth groove with following cutter 25 like this.In order to make the working (machining) efficiency of this lathe further improve, two pairs of upper slitters 24 and following cutter 25 are set on tool rest 23, this two tool setting is along the X-direction setting, two groups of teeth of manufacturing gear strip simultaneously in feeding like this, thus further shorten the whole manufacturing gear strip process required ground time.

X-axis, Y-axis are perpendicular with the Z axle respectively, its bearing of trend and shown in Figure 1 with the position relation reference of Z axle.

During work: at first a plurality of tooth bars to be processed are fixed on the workbench 2 in the corresponding locating slot 5, rotate first handwheel 17, make tooth bar processing head 3 slide to an end of chute, and a location division 21 on first keeper 19 in the processing head positioner 18 fixed with the interlock mutually on second keeper 20, rotate the 3rd handwheel 34 and make each can carry out breaking first tooth in the accurate position of tooth bar upper slitter 24 and following cutter 25;

Starter motor then makes driving wheel 8 drive workbench 2 and rotates around self axial line, slowly rotates second handwheel 28 and makes upper slitter 24 and following cutter 25 to cut satisfactory teeth groove during the course in feeding gradually.

After first tooth completion of processing that is positioned at an end of all tooth bars, keep workbench 2 always around self axial line rotation, to carry out withdrawing by rotating second handwheel 28, and make whole tooth bar processing head 3 slide to the accurate position at tooth bar place next to be processed at rotation first handwheel 17; Again with the adjacent location division 21 of first keeper 19 and second keeper 20 mutually again interlock fix, rotate the 3rd handwheel 34 again and make each can carry out the inferior broken tooth second time in the accurate position of tooth bar upper slitter 24 and following cutter 25;

Repeat above-mentioned steps, rotate second handwheel 28 again and carry out withdrawing, process the tooth bar on the next gear, disable motor after all tooth completion of processing on gear takes off all tooth bars and gets final product.

Claims

1. gear rack machining apparatus, it comprises machine base (1), be arranged on the workbench (2) on the described machine base (1), can be arranged at the tooth bar processing head (3) of the last and close described workbench (2) of described machine base (1) along X-direction slidably, described workbench (2) is cylindrical, and it can be arranged on the described machine base (1) rotationally around self axial line, the axial line of this cylindrical workbench (2) extends along X-direction, the outer circle wall of described workbench (2) is provided with a plurality of mounting grooves (5) that are used to install tooth bar and extend along X-direction, described a plurality of mounting groove (5) distributes along the circumferencial direction of described workbench (2), described tooth bar processing head (3) comprises holder (22), be arranged on described holder (22) and go up and can do the tool rest (23) of feed motion along Y direction, it is characterized in that: be set with upper slitter (24) and following cutter (25) that at least one pair of distributes along the Z axle on the described tool rest (23), the distance between the upper surface of the upper surface of described upper slitter (24) and described cutter (25) down is not more than the width of tooth bar to be processed.

2. a kind of gear rack machining apparatus according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described machine base (1) is provided with the slide rail (12) that extends along X-direction, be set with slide block (13) on the described tooth bar processing head (3), described slide block (13) can slide along described slide rail (12).

3. a kind of gear rack machining apparatus according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: also be provided with on the described machine base (1) and drive the sliding driving device (14) that described slide block (13) slides along slide rail (12), described sliding driving device (14) comprises the sliding rack (15) that is fixed on the described machine base (1), be arranged on the balladeur train (16) on the described tooth bar processing head (3) rotationally, described sliding rack (15) extends along X-direction, described balladeur train (16) transmission that is meshed with sliding rack (15), an end of the rotating shaft of described balladeur train (16) are fixedly connected with and drive its first handwheel (17) rotationally.

4. a kind of gear rack machining apparatus according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the distance between described adjacent two mounting grooves (5) is less than the width of tooth bar to be processed.