CN101019894A - Process of extracting effective component from plant - Google Patents
Process of extracting effective component from plant Download PDFInfo
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- CN101019894A CN101019894A CNA2006100458602A CN200610045860A CN101019894A CN 101019894 A CN101019894 A CN 101019894A CN A2006100458602 A CNA2006100458602 A CN A2006100458602A CN 200610045860 A CN200610045860 A CN 200610045860A CN 101019894 A CN101019894 A CN 101019894A
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Abstract
The process of extracting effective component from plant material includes crushing solid plant material mechanically, mixing with proper amount of chemical assistant, and extracting the effective component with water or ethanol. In the process, mechanical crushing of solid plant material produces micro shearing in the material interface and breaks cell wall to expose fresh cut surface, and the chemical assistant produces mutual adsorption with effective component, so that the process can alter the microscopic performance of the effective component and raise the leaching rate to 80-400 %. The present invention has shortened extraction period, high extraction efficiency, high extraction specificity, high selectivity, minimized organic solvent consumption and environment friendship.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to biological technical field, relate to effective plant component extracting process.
Background technology
The plant effective medicinal components is present in the vacuole in the cellular plasm usually, when cell is intact, the first infiltration of plants of solvent palpus surface, see through cell wall and cell membrane then, enter cell tissue, the dissolving effective ingredient, born of the same parents form concentration difference outward in the born of the same parents, force the high concentration leachate to spread from inside to outside, rare leachate or fresh solvent are replaced dense leachate at any time, finish a leaching process.This is the conventional method dipping, percolation, the ultimate principle of effective component extractings such as Soxhlet reflux, extract, and dynamic extraction, and complete cell wall and cell membrane can form resistance to disengaging of effective ingredient, resistance increases and increases with cell mass inner cell quantity, therefore conventional method only can rely on and use a large amount of organic solvents, prolong the extraction time, the re-extract step extracts repeatedly, this certainly will cause operating procedure lengthy and jumbled, time is long, the energy consumption high extracting efficiency is low, add because of particularly a large amount of uses of organic solvent of solvent, cause part effective ingredient inactivation, loss, even harm humans health, pollute surrounding.Along with progress of science and technology and development, the appearance of extractive techniques such as ultrasound wave, microwave, supercritical, micronizing, though compare with conventional art and to have marked improvement, but its essence all is the different physical means of utilization, make plant granule group or micel generation physical change, quicken effective ingredient and be dissolved in solvent, do not change the dissolubility of effective ingredient, be that original non-polar effective components still needs organic solvent to dissolve extraction, thus some effective ingredient since poorly water-soluble, problem that bioavailability is low do not solved at all; And specificity is relatively poor, and some effective ingredient can not be realized the directed extraction of specificity; Because some technology of use of special installation also only limits to laboratory research, can't be applied to commercial production.Therefore the imperfection of upstream extractive technique is restricting more deep research of effective ingredients in plant and potential development prospect for a long time.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of method that effective ingredients in plant extracts that is used for, promptly behind the mixture of mechanical activation comminution solid plant material and an amount of chemical assistant, select water or ethanol extraction effective ingredient for use, this method also can be called micro-cutting change-auxiliary agent and make technology mutually.Producing micro-cutting when this method is utilized mechanical activation comminution solid plant material between the interface becomes, cell wall is broken, fresh tangent plane is exposed, cluster of grains or the mutual absorption of micel or the principle of effect take place between chemical assistant and the effective ingredient, overcome the shortcoming of existing technology, from the source, thoroughly solved the long-term at present technical bottleneck that restricts the plant extract research and development.
The objective of the invention is to realize by following technical solution:
1. plant material pretreatment, is dried to water content and is not higher than 20% remove impurity, and coarse pulverization is to the 40-100 order;
2. add the 0.5%-20% chemical assistant in the plant coarse powder, the suitableeest addition is 1%-10%, and this chemical assistant can be that solid base, solid acid, sucrose or salt compounds are (as Na
2CO
3) etc.;
3. select for use equipment such as the planetary mills that can produce shear action or vibromill that the mixture that is obtained by step 2 is handled processing time 1～60min;
4. the ground product of selecting for use water or dissolve with ethanol to obtain by step 3, centrifugal, filter, collect soluble component;
5. the effective ingredient that is obtained by step 4 may be the mixture of single active ingredient or plurality of active ingredients, is single active ingredient if extract purpose, can select for use proper method such as extraction, crystallization to further separation of mixture, purification and refining;
6. by step 4 or the single active ingredient of 5 plants that obtain or mixture useful as drug, food, functional food, food additive, veterinary drug or the feed additive of plurality of active ingredients.
The chemical modification micro-cutting change technology that the present invention uses has following advantage:
1. during mechanical activation comminution, the mutual absorption or the interaction of chemical assistant and effective ingredient chemical group have changed the micro-property of effective ingredients in plant, and water-soluble or alcoholic acid ability significantly improves, and extracted amount improves 80%～400%;
2. some effective ingredient strengthens because of water solublity, and biological activity improves, and bioavailability increases;
3. can realize a kind of of certain kind of plant or a few effective ingredient are carried out the directional selectivity extraction, reduce the separation and Extraction step;
4. chemical assistant can accelerate to destroy solid plant material surface, and reduced the surface energy of cluster of grains or micel, make easier depolymerization dispersion between cluster of grains or micel, play the auxiliary effect of pulverizing, shorten the pulverizing time, avoid the effective ingredient inactivation, improve crush efficiency, reduce the wearing and tearing of mechanical implement;
5. simplify the extraction process of effective ingredient, shorten extraction time, reach both shorten the production cycle, energy savings, improve the purpose of the comprehensive utilization ratio of raw material again;
With water or ethanol as primary solvent, reduce or avoided the use of organic reagent to greatest extent, the technical process environmental protection is nuisanceless;
7. the mechanical crushing equipment that can produce shear action routinizes, and the processing ability is strong, and practice is easy to put into production;
8. obtain the plant extract free from extraneous odour, no solvent residue.
The specific embodiment
Embodiment 1
Radix Et Caulis Acanthopanacis Senticosi 500g, pretreatment, is dried to water content and is not higher than 20% remove impurity, and coarse pulverization to 60 order adds 2%Na
2CO
3, planetary mills is pulverized, and obtains handling powder N
1
Take by weighing every part of 5g respectively and handle powder body N
1Pulverize 60 purpose Radix Et Caulis Acanthopanacis Senticosi medical materials (GC) with routine, add 50ml distilled water, 20% ethanol respectively, room temperature lixiviate 48 hours.After filtering with gauze, absorbent cotton, water carried with 20% ethanol extract place 50 ℃ of water bath methods, weigh respectively.Yield sees Table 1:
Table 1
| Sample | Quality (g) | Yield (%) |
| GC-water | 0.2458 | 4.92 |
| N 1-water | 0.4586 | 10.4 |
| GC-20% ethanol | 0.2528 | 5.06 |
| N 1-20% ethanol | 0.4045 | 8.09 |
Embodiment 2
Radix Et Caulis Acanthopanacis Senticosi 500g, pretreatment, is dried to water content and is not higher than 20% remove impurity, and coarse pulverization to 60 order adds 4%NaHCO
3, planetary mills is pulverized, and obtains handling powder N
2
Take by weighing every part of 5g and handle powder N
2Pulverize 60 purpose Radix Et Caulis Acanthopanacis Senticosi medical materials (GC) with routine, add 50ml distilled water, 20% ethanol respectively, room temperature lixiviate 48 hours.After filtering with gauze, absorbent cotton, water carried with 20% ethanol extract place 50 ℃ of water bath methods, weigh respectively.Yield sees Table 2:
Table 2
| Sample | Quality (g) | Yield (%) |
| GC-water | 0.2458 | 4.92 |
| N 2-water | 0.5226 | 9.17 |
| GC-20% ethanol | 0.2528 | 5.06 |
| N 2-20% ethanol | 0.3750 | 7.50 |
Embodiment 3
Radix Et Caulis Acanthopanacis Senticosi 500g, pretreatment, is dried to water content and is not higher than 20% remove impurity, and coarse pulverization to 60 order adds 1%NaOH, and planetary mills is pulverized, and obtains handling powder N
3
Take by weighing every part of 5g respectively and handle powder N
3Pulverize 60 purpose Radix Et Caulis Acanthopanacis Senticosi medical materials (GC) with routine, add 50ml distilled water, 20% ethanol respectively, room temperature lixiviate 48 hours.After filtering with gauze, absorbent cotton, water carried with 20% ethanol extract place 50 ℃ of water bath methods, weigh respectively.Yield sees Table 3:
Table 3
| Sample | Quality (g) | Yield (%) |
| GC-water | 0.2458 | 4.92 |
| N 3-water | 0.5900 | 11.8 |
| GC-20% ethanol | 0.2528 | 5.06 |
| N 3-20% ethanol | 0.4510 | 9.02 |
Isofraxidin Determination on content and comparison in embodiment 4 Radix Et Caulis Acanthopanacis Senticosis
Radix Et Caulis Acanthopanacis Senticosi 500g, pretreatment, is dried to water content and is not higher than 20% remove impurity, coarse pulverization to 60 order, planetary mills pulverize ground product N.
Radix Et Caulis Acanthopanacis Senticosi 500g, pretreatment, is dried to water content and is not higher than 20% remove impurity, coarse pulverization to 60 order adds 0.5%KOH, planetary mills pulverize ground product N
4
High performance liquid chromatography detects Radix Et Caulis Acanthopanacis Senticosi (60 order), N, N
1, N
2, N
3And N
4Extracting solution isofraxidin content (seeing Table 4).
Table 4
| Radix Et Caulis Acanthopanacis Senticosi (60 order) | N | N 1 | N 2 | N 3 | N 4 | |
| Isofraxidin (mg/g) | 0.027 | 0.050 | 0.080 | 0.079 | 0.082 | 0.065 |
Embodiment 5
Cortex Phellodendri 500g, pretreatment, is dried to water content and is not higher than 20% remove impurity, coarse pulverization to 70 order with the mixed of water with 1: 20, is got proper amount of normal-temperature and is stirred and extract 40min, filter, crude extract 1 (XC1); Get equivalent reflux, extract, 40min again, filter, get crude extract 2 (XC2).
Cortex Phellodendri 500g, pretreatment, is dried to water content and is not higher than 20% remove impurity, coarse pulverization to 70 order with the mixed of 90% methanol with 1: 20, is got proper amount of normal-temperature and is stirred and extract 40min down, filter, crude extract 3 (XC3); Get equivalent reflux, extract, 40min again, filter, get crude extract 4 (XC4).
Cortex Phellodendri 500g, pretreatment, is dried to water content and is not higher than 20%, coarse pulverization to 70 order remove impurity, drop in the high energy vibration grinder, grind 15min, get an amount of ground product and water with 1: 20 mixed, stirring at normal temperature is extracted 40min, and room temperature is centrifugal, collects supernatant (XJ1); Get equivalent reflux, extract, 40min again, room temperature is centrifugal, collects supernatant (XJ2).
Cortex Phellodendri 500g, pretreatment, is dried to water content and is not higher than 20%, coarse pulverization to 70 order remove impurity, drop in the high energy vibration grinder, grind 15min, get an amount of ground product with 75% ethanol with 1: 20 mixed, extract 40min under the stirring at normal temperature, room temperature is centrifugal, collects supernatant (XJ3); Get equivalent and 75% ethanol again with 1: 20 mixed, reflux, extract, 40min, room temperature is centrifugal, collects supernatant (XJ4).
Cortex Phellodendri 500g, pretreatment, is dried to water content and is not higher than 20% remove impurity, coarse pulverization to 70 order with 3% solid oxalic acid powder mixes, drops in the high energy vibration grinder, grinds 10min, takes out material, with water with 1: 20 mixed, stirring at room is extracted 40min.Room temperature is centrifugal, collects supernatant, promptly gets crude extract (XHW1).
Cortex Phellodendri 500g, pretreatment, is dried to water content and is not higher than 20% remove impurity, coarse pulverization to 70 order, with 5% solid benzoic acid powder mixes, other operations are the same, crude extract (XHW2).
Cortex Phellodendri 500g, pretreatment, is dried to water content and is not higher than 20% remove impurity, coarse pulverization to 70 order mixes with 3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate powder, other operations are the same, crude extract (XHW3).
The mensuration of content of berberine in the Cortex Phellodendri: get the each part mentioned above crude extract, cross the filtration of 0.45 μ m filter membrane and promptly get need testing solution.Use high performance liquid chromatography, detect content of berberine in each extracting solution.
Claims (6)
1. the method extracted of an effective ingredients in plant, it is characterized in that: the plant material that is extracted is pulverized, in the plant coarse powder, add the chemical assistant of 0.5%-20% solid base, solid acid, sucrose or salt compounds powder, mechanical activation comminution together again, select water or dissolve with ethanol ground product for use, centrifugal collection soluble component obtains effective ingredient.
2. a kind of method that effective ingredients in plant extracts that is used for according to claim 1 is characterized in that: realize by following step:
Step 1: plant material is dried to water content and is not higher than 20%, and coarse pulverization is to the 40-100 order;
Step 2: in the plant coarse powder, add 0.5%-20% chemical assistant, mechanical activation comminution;
Step 3: select water or dissolve with ethanol ground product for use, centrifugal, collect soluble component.
3. a kind of method that effective ingredients in plant extracts that is used for according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the addition of chemical assistant is 1%-10%.
4. a kind of method that effective ingredients in plant extracts that is used for according to claim 1 is characterized in that the plant of indication comprises Chinese herbal medicine, wild plant and agricultural byproducts.
5. a kind of method that effective ingredients in plant extracts that is used for according to claim 1 is characterized in that the single active ingredient or the mixture of plurality of active ingredients or the ground product of whole plant that utilize this method can obtain plant.
6. a kind of method that effective ingredients in plant extracts that is used for according to claim 1 is characterized in that utilizing the single active ingredient of the plant that this method obtains or mixture useful as drug, food, functional food, food additive, veterinary drug or the feed additive of plurality of active ingredients.
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|---|---|---|---|
| CNA2006100458602A CN101019894A (en) | 2006-02-16 | 2006-02-16 | Process of extracting effective component from plant |
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|---|---|---|---|
| CNA2006100458602A CN101019894A (en) | 2006-02-16 | 2006-02-16 | Process of extracting effective component from plant |
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Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102144707A (en) * | 2010-02-08 | 2011-08-10 | 上海百树生物科技有限公司 | Acanthopanax extract feedstuff additive and preparation method thereof |
| CN102318754A (en) * | 2011-07-22 | 2012-01-18 | 大连理工大学 | Method for preparing natural feed for reducing salmonellas on surfaces of eggs |
| CN103704688A (en) * | 2013-12-13 | 2014-04-09 | 广西科技大学 | Food-grade natural Lycium seed wall breaking dissociation additive |
| CN105194901A (en) * | 2014-05-28 | 2015-12-30 | 吴光平 | Plant active component extraction method |
| CN106189351A (en) * | 2016-07-18 | 2016-12-07 | 唐翔 | A kind of process extracting safflower yellow from Flos Carthami |
| CN106360784A (en) * | 2016-08-25 | 2017-02-01 | 桂林市味美园餐饮管理有限公司 | Health-caring food and preparation method thereof |
| CN108403739A (en) * | 2018-03-20 | 2018-08-17 | 苏州十方生物科技有限公司 | A kind of traditional Chinese medicine ingredients extracting method based on mechanochemistry |
| CN111363867A (en) * | 2020-05-11 | 2020-07-03 | 杭州天龙手袋股份有限公司 | Method for carrying out grass-wood dyeing on chrome tanned cow leather |
| CN112590157A (en) * | 2020-11-05 | 2021-04-02 | 江苏虹驰家居科技有限公司 | POE material-based bionic silkworm cocoon structure processing technology |
| CN114814057A (en) * | 2022-04-28 | 2022-07-29 | 湖南省药品检验检测研究院 | Method for distinguishing true and false of selaginella tamariscina varieties through non-targeted metabonomics and application |
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Cited By (14)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102144707A (en) * | 2010-02-08 | 2011-08-10 | 上海百树生物科技有限公司 | Acanthopanax extract feedstuff additive and preparation method thereof |
| CN102318754A (en) * | 2011-07-22 | 2012-01-18 | 大连理工大学 | Method for preparing natural feed for reducing salmonellas on surfaces of eggs |
| CN103704688A (en) * | 2013-12-13 | 2014-04-09 | 广西科技大学 | Food-grade natural Lycium seed wall breaking dissociation additive |
| CN103704688B (en) * | 2013-12-13 | 2016-08-24 | 广西科技大学 | A kind of Food-grade natural Lycium seed breaking cellular wall dissociates additive |
| CN105194901A (en) * | 2014-05-28 | 2015-12-30 | 吴光平 | Plant active component extraction method |
| CN106189351A (en) * | 2016-07-18 | 2016-12-07 | 唐翔 | A kind of process extracting safflower yellow from Flos Carthami |
| CN106360784A (en) * | 2016-08-25 | 2017-02-01 | 桂林市味美园餐饮管理有限公司 | Health-caring food and preparation method thereof |
| CN108403739A (en) * | 2018-03-20 | 2018-08-17 | 苏州十方生物科技有限公司 | A kind of traditional Chinese medicine ingredients extracting method based on mechanochemistry |
| CN111363867A (en) * | 2020-05-11 | 2020-07-03 | 杭州天龙手袋股份有限公司 | Method for carrying out grass-wood dyeing on chrome tanned cow leather |
| CN111363867B (en) * | 2020-05-11 | 2022-05-31 | 杭州天龙手袋股份有限公司 | Method for carrying out grass-wood dyeing on chrome tanned cow leather |
| CN112590157A (en) * | 2020-11-05 | 2021-04-02 | 江苏虹驰家居科技有限公司 | POE material-based bionic silkworm cocoon structure processing technology |
| CN112590157B (en) * | 2020-11-05 | 2022-08-23 | 江苏虹驰家居科技有限公司 | POE material-based bionic silkworm cocoon structure processing technology |
| CN114814057A (en) * | 2022-04-28 | 2022-07-29 | 湖南省药品检验检测研究院 | Method for distinguishing true and false of selaginella tamariscina varieties through non-targeted metabonomics and application |
| CN114814057B (en) * | 2022-04-28 | 2024-01-16 | 湖南省药品检验检测研究院 | Method for distinguishing true and false of selaginella tamariscina varieties by non-targeted metabonomics and application |
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