Natural cavity stone imitation ceramic tile
Technical field
The present invention relates to ceramic tile manufacturing technology field, specifically, is a kind of natural cavity stone imitation ceramic tile.
Background technology
At present, the preparation of common polished glazed tile is generally carried out according to following technical process:
Raw material is checked and accepted the examination that the into raw-material examination of factory comprises sand, stone flour, mud and various chemical industry material, colorant.Factory has formulated various standard for acceptance and by a collection of professional's operative norm, has guaranteed to use high-quality raw material various starting material according to different use propertieies, requirement.
The batching ball milling has been formulated various raw-material producting proportions according to the test-results of person skilled, and prepare burden according to this proportioning, by conveying belt various starting material are sent into 40~100T ball mill then, add again that the roating sphere grinding machine becomes the mud slurry with the starting material ball milling after the entry.This process approximately needed do not wait in 12~18 hours, and the time is depended on the fineness of mud slurry, and technic index requires to be controlled at 250 mesh screen residues less than 1.0% usually.Slurry after the ball milling carries out the stability of homogenizing to guarantee to produce by the underground stock tank that pipeline flow into hundreds of tons of capacity.
It is that starting material thick excessively in the production process, impurity and various foreign matter are sifted out that the deironing of sieving is sieved; Deironing is by bar magnet the irony in the mud slurry to be removed.Because these things will have very large detrimentally affect to quality product, altogether need be in the production process through three deironing of sieving.
The mud slurry of going into cylinder colour mixture front is white, has the different colours of various needs in order to make product, need add the different colorants of measuring in the mud slurry.The control of colorant add-on need constantly test be next definite by the professional and technical personnel.In order to ensure the homogeneity of colorant, colorant also needs fully to mix by high-power stirrer after adding.
The slurry of spraying drying colour mixture is through carrying out spraying drying after the deironing once more.Spraying drying is the process that the mud slurry is dried to powder.Principle is: mud slurry is dispersed into vaporific by spray gun, the warm air that comes with convection current carries out heat exchange afterwards, the moisture evaporation during vaporific mud is starched, and other ceramic raw material has just become powder.Need emphasis to control the size of vaporific mud slurry and the temperature of warm air in this process, because they have determined the grain composition and the moisture of powder respectively.
Feed bin is old because varying in size of vaporific mud slurry causes the difference of heat exchange, finally causes the moisture of powder to have any different.After powder after the spraying drying is delivered to filler bin by conveying belt, even in order to make moisture, powder need be placed 24 hours at least usually.Meanwhile, owing to having suitable temperature and moisture, the microorganism in the powder also will multiply fast and will producing favorable influence to the processability of powder.Therefore, this process is called as old.
Pulverizing different products has different requirements for the fineness of powder, and common pattern permeating tile, illusion-colour etc. do not need to pulverize, and can directly use spraying material.Micro-powder brick then needs powder is pulverized.Crushing process promptly is the process of powder being processed by specific equipment (sander or powder beater), can control the fineness of powder by regulating motor speed.
Batch mixing carries out at random by the powder vehicle device to the different colours powder that batch mixing forms the various pattern of brick face at random.Different ratios between different powder cars, cutting mode, blanking order, the powder can form various pattern in the batch mixing process.Powder behind the batch mixing is transported to the voltage supply of press die cavity by powder car parts " grid " and makes type.Most on the market product innovation all is to produce by the different processes of batch mixing at random at present.
Being molded over having shades of colour and having formed the powder of pattern through batch mixing at random of producing before this operation must be by the shape of press compacting could formation brick.The process of complexity such as the exhaust of this process by hydraulic press, compacting is discharged the moisture between powder and powder is combined closely and becomes to have the work in-process of certain intensity.Can adopt the press of the different tonnages of 2800T~7200T according to varying in size of product specification.
Dry can press-molding in order to ensure powder, spray-dired powder remains on 6.0~8.0% moisture usually, these water need by the oven dry of roller bed type dry kiln to the moisture 1.0% below to guarantee descending operation to burn till fast.Adobe in dry kiln successively the air by low temperature and high relative humidity, high temperature low humidity carry out heat exchange and exchange of moisture process, can reach processing requirement after about 40~60 minutes.
Stamp is for pattern permeating tile, and its pattern mainly forms by stamp.But the soluble salt of various color developments and water, the mixed fancy glaze that makes of penetration-assisting agent, the scraper with the flower machine makes fancy glaze be printed in the adobe by the colored net that specific pattern is arranged again, and these fancy glazes form decorative pattern through firing the back.
Burning till adobe moves in the roller bed type calcining kiln, temperature rises to 1200 ℃ from room temperature and reduces to room temperature again, series of physical, chemical transformation such as moisture evaporation, decomposition, oxidation, fusion, crystallization have taken place in the process, have finally become irreversible ceramic product.
Polishing has higher glossiness in order to make product, also need to product surface scrape, cut, post-production such as mill handles.Simultaneously, meet the requirement of relevant criterion, need the product edging is handled in order to guarantee product size.
Classification is carried out classification, color separation according to relevant criterion (national standard, enterprise's inner quality standard etc.) to product, and different grades, not homochromy number product are separately deposited.
Packing is packed, is identified and put in storage product according to the demand of product protection.
Conventional polished tile manufacturing process be that all polished tile manufacturing concerns adopt at present, and polished tile also is a profuse architectural pottery product category, everyly makes its surface acquisition glossy product all can be polished tile through the polishing manufacturing procedure again behind sintering.Therefore, along with the difference of the various production technique before the polishing process can be divided into broad variety with polished tile, such as: pattern permeating tile, illusion-colour brick, micro-powder brick or the like.But no matter how complicated variation arranged, the manufacturing process flow process all is more or less the same, and perhaps accepts or rejects part technology, perhaps kinds of processes is met use.
Summary of the invention
The invention provides a kind of natural cavity stone imitation ceramic tile.It is to be made by the foaming of the foamed material in its lining.
The present invention solves the technical scheme that its technical problem takes:
Natural cavity stone imitation ceramic tile, by bed material and lining respectively through ball milling, homogenizing, granulation, old, compacting, dry, burn till after, bed material and lining compression moulding are made, the composition that contains following weight parts in lining is as foamed material:
Ball clay class: 8~15 parts
Albite class: 18~30 parts
Lithium feldspar: 30~45 parts
Wingdale: 12~20 parts
Polishing slag: 3~15 parts
Burn talcum: 0~1 part.
Above-mentioned foamed material accounts for 3~15wt% of lining gross weight, and most preferably, foamed material accounts for 3~5wt% of lining gross weight.
The polishing slag that uses in the material that bubbles is the waste residue in the polished tile course of processing, two parts of scrap stock that abrading block that uses when comprising polishing and polished tile surface produce in grinding process, and the composition that helps to produce in the present invention hole stone effect is the abrading block material.
All kinds of raw-material proportionings (siccative weight ratio) are in the white material formula:
Ball clay class: 24~28
High temperature sand class: 15~25
Albite class: 35~50
Potassium felspar sand class: 6~17
Burn talcum: 2~3.
The Chemical Composition of two kinds of basic components of the present invention sees Table 2 and table 3.
Table 2 prescription the Chemical Composition table
The prescription title |
SiO
2 |
Al
2O
3 |
Fe
2O
3 |
TiO
2 |
CaO |
White material |
67.5~70.0 |
18.2~20.0 |
0~0.6 |
0~0.5 |
0.2~0.7 |
Material bubbles |
58.0~62.4 |
12.2~14.6 |
0~0.6 |
0~0.5 |
8.2~9.7 |
Table 3 prescription Chemical Composition table (connecing table 2)
The prescription title |
MgO |
K
2O
|
Na
2O
|
LiO
2 |
I.L |
White material |
0.5~1.0 |
1.4~1.9 |
3.8~4.4 |
- |
4.0~4.8 |
Material bubbles |
1.7~2.5 |
1.4~1.9 |
3.8~4.4 |
0.35~0.7 |
8.1~9.6 |
Above-mentioned color matching is exactly that various inorganic colors are added the mill base that is uniformly mixed into various needs in the slurry cylinder that white material is housed, the adding kind of colorant and add-on determine by the tone of analyzing lithotome, can debug out the color of multiple stone materials such as cream colour, flesh-coloured, light gray, extra white.The dominant hue of general lithotome has 3~4 kinds, therefore each product of the present invention is also got 3~4 kinds of colors and is debugged, and wherein a kind of color is the dominant hue of product, and its ratio can account for 40~70%, 2~3 kinds of colors in addition are to set off or complementary colors, and ratio accounts for 10~30% of total amount respectively.The powder of various different colours is according to the needs of design, in the cloth truck in the ratio of setting and blanking order blanking to the cloth grid and deliver to 800 * 800,600 * 600 adobes that press is pressed into to be needed.The present invention and traditional beat glomerocryst micro mist cloth, molding mode basically identical with the anti-of current trend, but in order to make product have the effect of imitative natural cavity stone imitation more true to nature, the contriver has improved traditional cutting mode.Traditional stacked flush system cutting mode is tiled on the distributing belt with making the powder continuous cloth of various different colours and a stacked one deck, sufficient batch mixing process is arranged at blanking during to hopper, the lines exquisiteness, and pattern is soft; The interval type cutting mode then is the at interval blanking of powder pulsed of various different colours, does not have overlappingly between powder on belt, need just can mix the formation pattern in hopper He on the grid, adopts the product lines of this cutting mode more extensive.With reference to the lines style of natural cavity stone imitation, the contriver is improved to intermittently in conjunction with the advantage of two kinds of cutting modes that stacked flush system blanking reaches distinctive lines effect on stream.
Intermittence of the present invention stacked flush system cutting mode, various powders have mutual tiling lap, also spaced part.Adopt between the style that the product of this mode cloth forms between the product style of stacked flush system and intermittent type blanking, neither can be too fine and smooth, can be too not extensive yet, thereby can obtain the natural cavity stone imitation effect of the best.The present invention also can adopt stacked flush system cutting mode and interval type cutting mode, obtains preferable natural cavity stone imitation effect.
Advantage of the present invention is to adopt the polishing slag as foam material, and enlarge the effect of bubble-shaped cavitation stone with the carbonic acid gas that Wingdale high temperature produces down.Resulting hole stone porcelain brick product has natural cavity stone imitation decorative effect true to nature, can be widely used in the wall decoration of top-grade building such as villa, hotel.
Embodiment
Below providing concrete embodiment further specifies.The purpose of these embodiments is illustrative, and should not be construed as limitation of the present invention.
Ball clay 1-2#, high temperature sand 1-3#, albite 1-3#, potassium felspar sand 1-3# for various models all can be commercial.Its Chemical Composition can be referring to the table 1 of this specification sheets last page.
Embodiment 1
The raw material of getting following weight is as expecting (numbering CB-13) in vain:
Material name weight (gram)
Ball clay 1# 16
Ball clay 2# 9
Albite 1# 10
Albite 2# 17
Albite 3# 16
Potassium felspar sand 1# 3
Potassium felspar sand 2# 3
Potassium felspar sand 3# 7
High temperature sand 1# 9
High temperature sand 2# 5
High temperature sand 3# 3
Burn talcum 2
Add up to 100
Get the raw material of following weight and expect (numbering QP-01) as bubbling:
Material name weight (gram)
Lithium feldspar 38
Wingdale 17
Polishing slag 12
Albite 2# 22
Ball clay 1# 10
Burn talcum 1
Add up to 100
More than two prescriptions mix in the ratio that foamed material accounts for lining gross weight 5wt%, the actual chemical examination of lining the results are shown in Table 2 and table 3.
Must guarantee that the total Chemical Composition of formula system meets the white material Chemical Composition scope in table 4 and the table 5, can make crystalline phase and glassy phase that final product forms to be needed like this in sintering procedure, glossiness, antifouling property after the mechanical property that can provide final product to need is like this processed with polishing.
Table 4 prescription Chemical Composition table
The prescription title |
SiO
2 |
Al
2O
3 |
Fe
2O
3 |
TiO
2 |
CaO |
White material |
67.92 |
19.84 |
0.41 |
0.17 |
0.31 |
Material bubbles |
60.4 |
13.24 |
0.28 |
0.14 |
8.59 |
Table 5 prescription Chemical Composition table (connecing table 4)
The prescription title |
MgO |
K
2O
|
Na
2O
|
Li
2O
|
I.L |
White material |
0.80 |
1.54 |
4.13 |
- |
4.65 |
Material bubbles |
2.02 |
1.43 |
4.1 |
0.43 |
8.89 |
Adopt after above the color matching technical process routinely to produce, use in the process hole stone grid and intermittence stacked flush system program, specifically processing parameter is as follows:
(1), color matching:
A material: CB-13 (siccative) 100 grams+1.5 gram zirconium silicates
+ 0.1 gram true yellow+0.02 gram is orange for B material: CB-13 (siccative) 100 grams
Black material 0.01 gram of the orange+3# of C material: CB-13 (siccative) 100 grams+0.1 gram+apricot pink 0.05 gram
(2), lining proportioning:
1# pipe (1# groove) C material (red-black material) 10
2# pipe (2# groove) A material (white material) 30
3# manages (3# groove) QP-01 5
4# pipe (4# groove) B material (yellow material) 55
(3), lining moisture content: 5.0~5.6%
(4), lining fineness:
B material: 10~15% (80 mesh screen residues)
C material, A material, QP-01:20~25% (80 mesh screen residue)
(5), bed material proportioning: CB-13 material 100%
(6), bed material moisture content: 6.6~7.0%
(7), program: 3# program (intermittently stacked flush system)
(8), grid: hole stone grid
(9), compacting thickness: 13.6~14.0mm
White material formula (numbering CB-13).
Foaming material formula (numbering QP-02):
Material name weight (gram)
Lithium feldspar 40
Wingdale 17
Polishing slag 5
Albite 2# 27
Ball clay 1# 10
Burn talcum 1
Add up to 100
Color matching and proportioning process parameter are as follows:
(1), color matching
Black material 0.04 gram of the beautiful Huang+3# of D material: CB-13 (siccative) 100 grams+0.6 gram+orange 0.15 gram
CB-04 material: CB-13 (siccative) 100 gram+zirconium silicates 2.0 grams
(2), lining proportioning:
1# pipe (1# groove) D material (dark brown colorant) 10g
2# pipe (2# groove) D material 20%+CB-04 80% (white material) 25g
3# pipe (3# groove) QP-02 expects 5g
4# pipe (4# groove) D material 70%+CB-04 30% (light brown material) 60g
All other parameters are identical with example 1.
More than natural cavity stone imitation ceramic tile provided by the present invention is described in detail, used specific case herein principle of the present invention and embodiment are set forth, the explanation of above embodiment just is used for helping to understand method of the present invention and core concept thereof; Simultaneously, for one of ordinary skill in the art, according to thought of the present invention, the part that all can change in specific embodiments and applications, in sum, this description should not be construed as limitation of the present invention.
Table 1 starting material Chemical Composition table
Material name |
SiO
2 |
Al
2O
3 |
Fe
2O
3 |
TiO
2 |
CaO |
MgO |
K
2O
|
Na
2O
|
Li
2O
|
I.L |
Add up to |
Ball clay 1# |
53.92 |
30.59 |
0.73 |
0.29 |
0.14 |
0.16 |
0.8 |
0.22 |
- |
12.82 |
99.67 |
Ball clay 2# |
52.71 |
31.52 |
0.82 |
0.27 |
0.19 |
0.1 |
0.78 |
0.2 |
- |
13.39 |
99.99 |
Albite 1# |
71.81 |
17.36 |
0.19 |
0.04 |
0.24 |
0.14 |
0.28 |
8.96 |
- |
0.84 |
99.87 |
Albite 2# |
72.68 |
16.38 |
0.19 |
0.06 |
0.55 |
0.15 |
0.28 |
8.43 |
- |
1.06 |
99.77 |
Albite 3# |
73.03 |
16.23 |
0.18 |
0.06 |
0.28 |
0.13 |
0.47 |
8.32 |
- |
1.05 |
99.74 |
Potassium felspar sand 1# |
66.3 |
19.38 |
0.28 |
0.05 |
0.24 |
0.18 |
10.01 |
0.9 |
- |
2.61 |
99.94 |
Potassium felspar sand 2# |
76.6 |
14.29 |
0.26 |
0.04 |
0.14 |
0.16 |
4.35 |
1.04 |
- |
2.84 |
99.72 |
Potassium felspar sand 3# |
76.66 |
13.52 |
0.44 |
0.09 |
0.49 |
0.15 |
5.6 |
0.37 |
- |
2.55 |
99.85 |
High temperature sand 1# |
74.72 |
16.11 |
0.46 |
0.14 |
0.21 |
0.15 |
2.08 |
3.18 |
- |
2.83 |
99.87 |
High temperature sand 2# |
70.64 |
19.28 |
0.55 |
0.09 |
0.18 |
0.14 |
1.71 |
2.49 |
- |
4.69 |
99.78 |
High temperature sand 3# |
66.5 |
22.87 |
0.66 |
0.12 |
0.18 |
0.19 |
3.04 |
0.2 |
- |
6.12 |
99.86 |
The lithium feldspar |
73.61 |
17.62 |
0.34 |
0.11 |
0.39 |
0.17 |
2.07 |
3.31 |
1.38 |
0.92 |
99.92 |
The polishing slag |
70.71 |
17.37 |
0.41 |
0.17 |
0.74 |
2.1 |
1.71 |
3.62 |
- |
2.94 |
99.77 |
Burn talcum |
64.68 |
1.36 |
0.15 |
0.04 |
2.77 |
29.73 |
0.07 |
0.1 |
- |
0.84 |
99.73 |