CN101008601A - Rheological property tester - Google Patents
Rheological property tester Download PDFInfo
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- CN101008601A CN101008601A CN 200710006531 CN200710006531A CN101008601A CN 101008601 A CN101008601 A CN 101008601A CN 200710006531 CN200710006531 CN 200710006531 CN 200710006531 A CN200710006531 A CN 200710006531A CN 101008601 A CN101008601 A CN 101008601A
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Abstract
This invention provides one new flow deformation test device, which comprises polymer mixture device, supersonic wave device and flow deformation test device. This invention is characterized by the following: it introduces supersonic wave generation device on base of thin tube flow deformation device to test supersonic wave impact on polymer system property; besides, the device is also suitable for testing supersonic wave and other Newton flow and non Newton deformation impact.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to polymeric system rheology testing device.The instrument of being invented can be used for measuring the influence of ultrasound wave to the polymeric system rheological property.
Background technology
Nearly all forming polymer technology all is to rely on flowing and distortion of polymkeric substance under the external force effect, realizes the transformation from polymer raw material or blank to goods.Grasp the rheological property of polymkeric substance, technology and engineering problem in analysis and the processing process have important directive significance to correctly drafting the Polymer Processing process conditions.
Ultrasound wave is meant vibration frequency higher (2 * 10
4～5 * 10
7Hz) elastic wave that material is produced in medium.Ultrasonic application in polymer science belongs to acoustochemical category.So-called phonochemistry effect just is meant that ultrasound wave quickens chemical reaction, improves the effect of chemical production rate.It is generally acknowledged physics, chemical change that it comes from acoustic cavitation (formation of polymkeric substance cavity, vibration, grow, be contracted to collapse) and causes.During the cavitation bubble collapse, in short time and in the little space around the cavitation bubble, produce high temperature and pressure at the utmost point, and with strong shock wave and jet, just chemical reaction provides new special physical environment in order to carry out slowly under the normal condition for this, has accelerated the speed of chemical reaction.
Ultrasonication can reduce the friction force of molecular motion in Polymer Processing, improve output, reduce polymer malt viscosity, improve the Polymer Processing performance, improve the goods mechanical property, and the stress relaxation that helps material, reduce polymkeric substance in former pressure surge and the temperature rise that produces because of compression to the influence of flow measurement.
Use ultrasound wave except having above-mentioned advantage, can also improve the compatibility of auxiliary agent and polymkeric substance among the present invention.Its principle is as follows: ultrasonication can activate the polymer melt molecule, make the shorter and littler moving cell of polymer molecule can overcome unvanquishable motion potential barrier under the common state and produce motion, it is freer that polymer molecular chain becomes, help motion and the diffusion of auxiliary agent in polymeric system, improved the compatibility of infill system.
Summary of the invention
The present invention has designed a kind of rheological property tester on the basis of tubule flow graph principle.This analyzer can be used for measuring the influence of ultrasound wave to the polymeric system rheological property.
Rheological property tester of the present invention is made up of polymer mixed device, ultrasonic generator and rheological property determinator three parts.See accompanying drawing 1.
In rheological property tester of the present invention, described polymer mixed device for example can comprise liquid polymer conveying device, auxiliary agent conveying device, mixing arrangement three parts.
Described liquid polymers conveying device comprises the polymkeric substance accumulator tanks that is connected successively, optional first filtrator, first metering conveyor, optional flowrate control valve.An inlet of the autoclave in the outlet of described flowrate control valve and the mixing arrangement is connected.
Described first metering conveyor can be high-pressure gear pump, ram pump or screw pump, preferred high-pressure gear pump.
Described adjuvant delivery system comprises the auxiliary agent accumulator tanks that is connected successively, the second optional filtrator, optional first flow meter, second metering conveyor, and an import of the mixer in the outlet of described second metering conveyor and the mixing arrangement is connected.
Described second metering conveyor can be selected from screw pump, gear-type pump or ram pump, is preferably ram pump.
Auxiliary agent in the described auxiliary agent accumulator tanks is for making resin batching processing and forming and obtain required application performance and add chemicals in the resin matrix to smoothly, being called " adjuvant " again.Mainly comprise: the auxiliary agent (as: antioxidant, light stabilizer, thermal stabilizer, mildewproof agent and metal passivator etc.) that improves stability; Improve the auxiliary agent (as: crosslinking chemical and assistant crosslinking agent, hardening agent, impact modifier, bulking agent and coupling agent etc.) of mechanical property; Improve the auxiliary agent (as: lubricant and release agent, processing aid and anti-adhesive agent etc.) of processing characteristics; The auxiliary agent (as: plastifier, gas-development agent etc.) of softnessization and lighting; Change the auxiliary agent (as: antistatic agent, mildewproof agent and surface modifier etc.) of surface property; Change the auxiliary agent (as: colorant, fluorescer, matting agent and pearling agent etc.) of coloured light; Difficult burning and press down cigarette auxiliary agent (as: fire retardant, press down fumicants etc.) and other auxiliary agent (as: filling agent, nucleator, repellent, spreading agent, fumet and photodegradable aid and biodegradation agent etc.).Described auxiliary agent can be low viscous liquid flux, also can be the high viscosity liquid auxiliary agent of thinning agent dilution, or through the solid-state compounding agent solution of dissolvings such as solvent.
Described mixing arrangement is to have stirrer, optional solids charging basket and the high-temperature high-pressure reaction kettle of pressure display table.The outlet of described autoclave is connected with T-valve.
Described autoclave is a jacket type structure, can feed heating medium in the chuck.Heating medium can be selected from superheated water, steam, deep fat etc.Described autoclave also can be single layer structure, by the outer wall heating of kettle.Type of heating can be selected electrical heating, infrared ray heating or microwave heating etc. for use.Described autoclave also can be selected from the equipment that other has the high pressure heating function.
Described solids charging basket be used for can't flowable materials adding.
In rheological property tester of the present invention, described rheological property measurement mechanism comprises the T-valve that is connected successively, discharge pump (being preferably high-pressure delivery pump), the first optional receiver, tensimeter, three measuring channels that diameter is different, comprise first pipeline, second pipeline and the 3rd pipeline, second flowmeter, the 3rd flowmeter, the 4th flowmeter, throttling valve, second receiver.T-valve in the described rheological property measurement mechanism, high-pressure delivery pump, first receiver, tensimeter, three measuring channels, three flowmeters, throttling valve, second receiver all places constant temperature oven.
Described three measuring channels all have a differential pressure transmitter separately, are used to measure the pressure reduction of pipe ends.
Described throttling valve satisfies to guarantee the flow state of fluid in measuring tube in order to regulate the flow of measurement system: laminar viscous flow, constant flow, evenly flow, fricton-tight etc. along tube wall.
Described constant temperature oven is worked at a certain temperature in order to guarantee test macro.
Described second receiver is a common vessel, in order to receive the polymkeric substance that flows out from measure pipeline.
In rheological property tester of the present invention, described ultrasonic generator comprises ultrasonic generator, transducer, emitting head, ring flange, air cooling equipment.Described ring flange is connected with the measurement pipeline.
Described ultrasonic generator is in order to producing the needed electric energy of transducer, and electrical energy transfer given the piezoelectric ceramic piece of transducer.
Described transducer is the sandwich type transducer of being made by lead lanthanum zirconate titanate (PLZT) electrooptical ceramics material, piezoceramic material has the phenomenon that change in size takes place under electric field action, transducer can produce ultrasonic wave energy under the effect of alternating electric field, and ultrasonic wave energy is passed to emitting head.
Described emitting head passes to the medium in the measuring channel in order to the ultrasonic wave energy of transducer is launched.
Described ring flange is in order to being connected ultrasonic transmission device with measuring channel, and fixing air cooling equipment.
Described air cooling equipment is located at the outside of transducer and emitting head, in order to cooling emitting head and transducer, prevents the heat transferred transducer in the polymkeric substance, and damages transducer.
The specific descriptions of this analyzer will be below in conjunction with accompanying drawing 1 and explanation thereof and be elaborated by embodiment.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a rheological property tester synoptic diagram of the present invention.
The represented implication of each Reference numeral is as follows among Fig. 1:
1: the polymkeric substance accumulator tanks;
2: the first filtrators;
3: the first metering conveyors;
4: flowrate control valve;
5: the auxiliary agent accumulator tanks;
6: the second filtrators;
7: the first flow meter;
8: the second metering conveyors;
9: flowrate control valve;
10: autoclave;
11: stirrer;
12: the solids charging basket;
13: T-valve;
14: discharge pump;
15: the first receivers;
16: tensimeter;
17: the first pipelines (1m);
18: the second pipelines (1m);
19: the three pipelines (1m);
20,21,22: second, third and the 4th flowmeter;
23: throttling valve;
24: the second receivers;
25: constant temperature oven;
26 ultrasonic generators;
27 transducers;
28 emitting heads;
29 joint flanges;
30 air cooling equipments
Embodiment
Describe rheological property tester of the present invention in detail below with reference to Fig. 1.
Described polymer mixed device is made up of liquid polymer conveying device, auxiliary agent conveying device, mixing arrangement three parts.
In one embodiment of the invention, described liquid polymers conveying device is made up of polymkeric substance accumulator tanks 1, optional first filtrator 2, first metering conveyor 3, optional first flow operation valve 4.In one embodiment, described liquid polymers accumulator tanks 1 is common memory, and its outlet is connected with filtrator 2.The outlet of described first filtrator 2 is connected with the import of first metering conveyor 3.Described first metering conveyor 3 can be selected from high-pressure gear pump, ram pump or screw pump.High-pressure gear pump has pulse free, and so advantages such as accurate measurement are described first metering conveyor, the 3 preferred high-pressure gear pumps that use.The outlet of described first metering conveyor 3 is connected with the import of flowrate control valve 4.An inlet of the autoclave 10 in the outlet of described first flow operation valve 4 and the mixing arrangement is connected.In another optional embodiment of the present invention, liquid polymers conveying device of the present invention also can not comprise above-mentioned optional equipment, and the annexation between other each equipment can be by those skilled in the art according to its professional knowledge, in conjunction with the exemplary scheme (being the embodiment of foregoing detailed description) of Fig. 1, thereby suitably determine.
In one embodiment of the invention, described auxiliary agent conveying device is made up of auxiliary agent accumulator tanks 5, the second optional filtrator 6, optional first flow meter 7, second metering conveyor 8, the second optional flowrate control valve 9.In one embodiment, described auxiliary agent accumulator tanks 5 is for having the common memory of a charge door and a discharging opening, and its discharging opening is connected with the import of second filtrator 6.The outlet of described second filtrator 6 is connected with the import of first flow meter 7.Described first flow meter 7 has an import and an outlet, and the outlet of described first flow meter 7 is connected with second metering conveyor 8.Described second metering conveyor 8 can be selected from screw pump, gear-type pump or ram pump.Ram pump has the high advantage of measuring accuracy, so described second metering conveyor, the 8 preferred ram pumps that use.The outlet of described second metering conveyor 8 is connected with the import of flowrate control valve 9.An inlet of the autoclave 10 in the outlet of described second flowrate control valve 9 and the mixing arrangement is connected.In another optional embodiment of the present invention, auxiliary agent conveying device of the present invention also can not comprise above-mentioned optional equipment, and the annexation between other each equipment can be by those skilled in the art according to its professional knowledge, in conjunction with the exemplary scheme (being the embodiment of foregoing detailed description) of Fig. 1, thereby suitably determine.
In one embodiment of the invention, described mixing arrangement autoclave 10, stirrer 11, optional solids charging basket 12 are formed.Described autoclave 10 is jacket type structure for having the high-temperature high-pressure reaction kettle of pressure display table, can feed heating medium in the chuck.Wherein said stirrer 11 is preferably magnetic stirring apparatus.Heating medium can be selected from superheated water, steam, deep fat etc.Described autoclave 10 also can be single layer structure, by the outer wall heating of still.Type of heating can adopt electrical heating, infrared ray heating or microwave heating etc.Described autoclave 10 also can be selected from the equipment that other has the high pressure heating function.Described autoclave 10 has two inlets and an outlet.Described autoclave 10 has two inlets and an outlet.One of the inlet of described autoclave 10 is connected with flowrate control valve 4, and another is connected with flowrate control valve 9.The outlet of described autoclave 10 is connected with T-valve 13.Described stirrer 11 is arranged on the bottom of autoclave 10, is used for the mixing of polymeric system.Described solids charging basket 12 be used for can't flowable materials adding.In another optional embodiment of the present invention, mixing arrangement of the present invention also can not comprise above-mentioned optional equipment, and the annexation between other each equipment can be by those skilled in the art according to its professional knowledge, in conjunction with the exemplary scheme (being the embodiment of foregoing detailed description) of Fig. 1, thereby suitably determine.
In one embodiment of the invention, described rheological property measurement mechanism comprises T-valve 13, discharge pump (being preferably high-pressure delivery pump) 14, first receiver 15, tensimeter 16, three measuring channels that diameter is different comprise first pipeline 17, second pipeline 18 and the 3rd pipeline 19 (diameter of for example described three pipelines can be respectively Φ 8, Φ 4, Φ 10).Second flowmeter 20, the 3rd flowmeter 21, the 4th flowmeter 22, throttling valve 23, the second receivers 24.Described T-valve 13 has an inlet and two outlets.The inlet of described T-valve 13 is connected with autoclave 10 in the mixing arrangement.In one embodiment, one of two of described T-valve 13 outlet is connected with high-pressure delivery pump 14, and another is connected with first receiver 15.Described high-pressure delivery pump 14 has an inlet and an outlet.The inlet of described high-pressure delivery pump 14 is connected with T-valve 13, and outlet is connected with tensimeter 16.Described tensimeter 16 has an inlet and an outlet, and the inlet of described tensimeter 16 is connected with high-pressure delivery pump 14, and outlet is connected with measuring channel 17,18,19.Described three measuring channels 17,18,19 all have a differential pressure transmitter separately, are used to measure the pressure reduction of pipe ends.The outlet of described measuring channel 17,18,19 is connected with flowmeter 20,21,22 respectively.The outlet of described flowmeter 20,21,22 all is connected with throttling valve 23.The outlet of described throttling valve 23 is connected with second receiver 24.T-valve 13 in the described rheological property measurement mechanism, high-pressure delivery pump 14, the first receivers 15, tensimeter 16,17,18,19, three flowmeters 20,21,22 of measuring channel, throttling valve 23, the second receivers 24 all place constant temperature oven 25.
In one embodiment of the invention, described ultrasonic generator comprises ultrasonic generator 26, transducer 27, emitting head 28, ring flange 29, air cooling equipment 30.Described ultrasonic generator 26 is connected with the piezoelectric ceramic piece of transducer 27.Described ultrasonic generator is in order to producing the needed electric energy of transducer, and gives the sandwich type transducer of being made by lead lanthanum zirconate titanate (PLZT) electrooptical ceramics material 27 with electrical energy transfer.Described transducer 27 front ends are connected with emitting head 28.Described transducer 27 produces ultrasonic wave energy under the effect of piezoceramic material, and ultrasonic wave energy is passed to emitting head 28.Described emitting head 28 is by ring flange 29 be connected with measuring channel (between measuring channel mesohigh discharge pump 14 and tensimeter 16).Described emitting head 28 acts on the medium in the measuring channel in order to the ultrasonic wave energy of transducer is launched.Described ring flange 29 is in order to connecting ultrasonic transmission device and measuring channel, and fixing air cooling equipment 30.Described transducer 27 is provided with air cooling equipment 30 with the outside of emitting head 28.Described air cooling equipment 30 is connected with ring flange 29 at the zero vibration plane of emitting head 28.Described air cooling equipment prevents the heat transferred transducer in the polymkeric substance in order to cooling emitting head and transducer, and damages transducer.
Ultrasound wave-polymeric system rheological property is measured
In one embodiment of the invention, when measuring ultrasound wave to the influencing of polymeric system rheological property, an exemplary course of work of rheological property tester of the present invention is: when polymkeric substance is liquid state, E-51 epoxy resin for example, start liquid polymer transport device, first metering conveyor 3 by in the device makes the liquid polymer in the liquid polymer accumulator tanks 1 enter in the autoclave 10 through first filter 2, first metering conveyor 3, flowrate control valve 4.When polymkeric substance when being solid-state, for example tygon is opened autoclave 10, by solids charging basket 12 solid polymer is put into, and closes autoclave.The heating arrangement of startup autoclave 10 makes polymer melt and reaches the temperature of setting.After finishing polymkeric substance adding step, the adjustment of thermostat 25 is arrived design temperature, start the high-pressure delivery pump 14 in the rheological property measurement mechanism, make supercritical fluid-polymeric system through T-valve 13, high-pressure delivery pump 14, tensimeter 16, first, second or the 3rd measuring channel 17 or 18 or 19, second, third or the 4th flowmeter 20 or 21 or 22, throttling valve 23, flow into second receiver 24 at last.Simultaneously, start the generator 26 in the ultrasonic generator, make its ultrasonic wave energy pass to ultrasonic transducer 27, emitting head 28, and ultrasonic wave energy is passed to polymeric system in the measuring channel through emitting head 28 with certain frequency and power.Write down three differential pressure transmitters, three flowmeters and manometric reading respectively, and test duration, temperature, ultrasonic frequency, performance number, the reading of flowmeter is converted to flow velocity, and (η=(Δ pD/4L)/(8 υ/D)) calculate three viscosity of measuring ultrasound wave-polymeric system in the pipelines respectively to utilize the viscosity calculations formula of tubule flow graph, average, can obtain the viscosity of ultrasound wave-polymeric system under uniform temperature, the pressure.Similarly, the temperature of conditioned reaction still 10 and constant temperature oven 25 is under another temperature value it; Regulate the discharge pressure of discharge pump 14, make tensimeter reach another force value, or regulate frequency, the performance number of ultrasonic generator.Measure once more, can obtain the viscosity of ultrasound wave-polymeric system under another temperature, pressure, ultrasonic frequency, the power condition.
Claims (13)
1. rheological property tester, comprise polymer mixed device, ultrasonic unit and rheological property determinator three parts, it is characterized in that, described rheological property determinator comprises T-valve (13), discharge pump (14), tensimeter (16), all has three different measuring channels of diameter of a differential pressure transmitter separately, comprise first measuring channel (17), second measuring channel (18) and the 3rd measuring channel (19), second flowmeter (20), the 3rd flowmeter (21), the 4th flowmeter (22), throttling valve (23) and second receiver (24).
2. rheological performance detector according to claim 1 is characterized in that: comprise ultrasonic generator (26), ultrasonic transducer (27) and emitting head (28) in the described ultrasonic generator; Wherein ultrasonic generator (26) can produce certain electric energy, and give ultrasonic transducer (27) with this electrical energy transfer, described transducer (27) produces ultrasonic wave energy under effect of electric field, and ultrasonic wave energy passed to emitting head (28), and ultrasonic wave energy is passed to medium in the measuring channel that is in the rheological property determinator through emitting head (28).
3. rheological performance detector according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described ultrasonic generator is connected on the pipeline that is positioned in the rheological property determinator between discharge pump (14) and the tensimeter (16) by joint flange (29).
4. rheological performance detector according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described ultrasonic generator is provided with air cooling equipment (30) in the outside of transducer (27) and emitting head (28), in order to cooling emitting head (28) and transducer (27), prevent the heat transferred transducer (27) in the polymkeric substance, and damage transducer (27).
5. rheological performance detector according to claim 1 is characterized in that:
Described T-valve (13) has an inlet and two outlets, and its inlet is connected with the polymer mixed device;
In two outlets of described T-valve (13) one is connected with high-pressure delivery pump (14), and another is connected with first receiver (15);
Described high-pressure delivery delivery side of pump is connected with the inlet of tensimeter (16);
The outlet of described tensimeter (16) is connected with first measuring channel (17), second measuring channel (18) and the 3rd measuring channel (19) respectively;
The outlet of described first measuring channel (17), second measuring channel (18) and the 3rd measuring channel (19) is connected with second flowmeter (20), the 3rd flowmeter (21) and the 4th flowmeter (22) respectively;
The outlet of described second flowmeter (20), the 3rd flowmeter (21) and the 4th flowmeter (22) all is connected with throttling valve (23);
The outlet of described throttling valve (23) is connected with second receiver (24).
6. rheological performance detector according to claim 1, it is characterized in that described first pipeline (17), second pipeline (18) and the 3rd pipeline (19) be respectively diameter at 10mm with interior tubule.
7. rheological performance detector according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described polymer mixed device is by comprising liquid polymer conveying device, auxiliary agent conveying device, mixing arrangement three parts.
8. rheological performance detector according to claim 7 is characterized in that described liquid polymers conveying device comprises liquid polymers accumulator tanks (1), first filtrator (2), first metering conveyor (3) and first flow operation valve (4).
9. rheological performance detector according to claim 8 is characterized in that:
The outlet of described liquid polymers accumulator tanks (1) is connected with the import of first filtrator (2);
The outlet of described first filtrator (2) is connected with the import of first metering conveyor (3);
The outlet of described first metering conveyor (3) is connected with the import of first flow operation valve (4);
The outlet of described first flow operation valve (4) is connected with an inlet of autoclave (10).
10. rheological performance detector according to claim 7 is characterized in that described auxiliary agent conveying device comprises auxiliary agent accumulator tanks (5), second filtrator (6), first flow meter (7), second metering conveyor (8) and second flowrate control valve (9).
11. rheological performance detector according to claim 10 is characterized in that:
The discharging opening of described auxiliary agent accumulator tanks (5) is connected with the import of second filtrator (6);
The outlet of described second filtrator (6) is connected with the import of first flow meter (7);
The outlet of described first flow meter (7) is connected with the import of second metering conveyor (8);
The outlet of described second metering conveyor (8) is connected with the import of second flowrate control valve (9);
Described second flowrate control valve (9) is connected with an import of autoclave (10).
12. rheological performance detector according to claim 7 is characterized in that described mixing arrangement is for having stirrer (11), the solids charging basket of choosing wantonly (12) and the high-temperature high-pressure reaction kettle (10) of pressure display table.
Described autoclave (10) has two inlets and an outlet, and one of its inlet is connected with first flow operation valve (4) in the liquid polymers conveying device; Another is connected with second flowrate control valve (9) in the auxiliary agent conveying device,
The outlet of described autoclave (10) is connected with T-valve (13) in the rheological property determinator.
13. the assay method of a rheological property tester, comprise first measuring channel (17) that writes down respectively according to any rheological performance detector that claim limited among the claim 1-12, three differential pressure transmitters that second measuring channel (18) and the 3rd measuring channel (19) and described three pipelines have respectively, the 3rd flowmeter (20), the reading of the 4th flowmeter (21) and the 5th flowmeter (22), and the test duration, temperature value, pressure, ultrasonic frequency, performance number, the reading of flowmeter is converted to flow velocity, and utilizes the viscosity calculations formula of tubule flow graph
η＝(ΔpD/4L(/(8υ/D)
Calculate three viscosity of measuring polymeric system in the pipeline respectively, average.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN200710006531A CN100590415C (en) | 2007-02-02 | 2007-02-02 | Rheological property tester |
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN200710006531A CN100590415C (en) | 2007-02-02 | 2007-02-02 | Rheological property tester |
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| CN100590415C CN100590415C (en) | 2010-02-17 |
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| CN200710006531A Expired - Fee Related CN100590415C (en) | 2007-02-02 | 2007-02-02 | Rheological property tester |
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