CN101000421A - Liquid crystal display element - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a liquid crystal display element capable of increasing viewing angle characteristics and preventing poor display. The produced liquid crystal display element comprised: a first substrate and a second substrate opposite to each other; a first transparency electrode and a second transparency electrode disposed on the opposite surfaces of the first substrate and the second substrate, which form a defined graph for displaying and are opposite with each other, separated by a clearance; a liquid crystal layer held by the first substrate and the second substrate; and a plurality of apertures disposed on the first transparency electrode and the second transparency electrode, respectively, and in the same direction. The aperture includes: a first aperture arranged on the first substrate in a matrix manner, and a second aperture arranged on the second substrate in a matrix manner parallelly to the first aperture, wherein the first aperture and the second aperture are alternately provided in a short direction, and length of the second aperture is longer than that of the first aperture.

Description

Liquid crystal display cells

Technical field

The present invention relates to liquid crystal display cells, specifically relate to prevent to show bad liquid crystal display cells.

Background technology

In recent years, proposed to use the method in slit for the viewing angle characteristic that improves liquid crystal display cells.When a side of the comparative electrode up and down that clips liquid crystal layer configuration goes up when forming the slit, the line of electric force that produces from the part relative with the slit of the opposing party's electrode must terminate on the electrode of both sides, slit, thereby produces the electric interfering field of inclination.When on upper/lower electrode, alternately forming the slit, can be implemented in the orientation of the liquid crystal molecule of the zone unanimity between the slit up and down.The liquid crystal display cells that uses the slit is disclosed in following patent documentation.

Patent documentation 1: specially permit communique No. 3108768

Patent documentation 2: the spy opens the 2004-252298 communique

Patent documentation 3: the spy opens the 2005-43696 communique

In No. 3108768 communique disclosed method of special permission, need connect the zone that separates by the slit in the outside of viewing area.

Open in the 2004-252298 communique disclosed method the spy,, simplified graphic designs owing in the viewing area, connect the zone that separates by the slit.But owing to used the slit that disconnects on length direction, it is bad therefore to be easy to generate demonstration.

Open in the 2005-43696 communique disclosed method the spy, alternately be configured on the direction with the length direction quadrature, and half spacing that will slit up and down on length direction, staggers, seek to prevent to show bad by being located at slit on the transparency electrode up and down.Even but this method, it is bad some demonstrations still can to occur.

Summary of the invention

The objective of the invention is to, the liquid crystal display cells with good visuognosis is provided.

A first aspect of the present invention provides a kind of liquid crystal display cells, and it has: first substrate, second substrate of relative configuration; First transparency electrode, second transparency electrode, it is formed on the apparent surface of described first substrate, second substrate, forms the figure of regulation for demonstration, and across the gap and relatively; Liquid crystal layer, it is by described first substrate, the second substrate clamping; And a plurality of slits, it is formed on going up separately of described first transparency electrode, second transparency electrode and long in one direction, it comprises: be arranged on first slit on this first transparency electrode rectangularly and be arranged on second slit on this second transparency electrode abreast with this first slit rectangularly, the alternately configuration on its short direction of this first slit and this second slit, and the length of the length direction in this second slit is longer than this first slit.

Another aspect of the present invention provides a kind of liquid crystal display cells, and it has: first substrate, second substrate of relative configuration; Liquid crystal layer, it is clamped between described first substrate, second substrate; First transparency electrode, second transparency electrode, it is clipped in the middle described liquid crystal layer and overlaps each other, and divides the viewing area; A plurality of slits, it is formed on going up separately of described first transparency electrode, second transparency electrode and long in one direction, it comprises: be arranged on first slit on this first transparency electrode rectangularly and be arranged on second slit on this second transparency electrode abreast, the alternately configuration on its short direction of this first slit and this second slit with this first slit rectangularly; And a pair of polarization plates, it is arranged on separately and the opposition side described liquid crystal layer one side of clamping of described first substrate, second substrate, and the direction of principal axis that sees through of at least one side's polarization plates is below 20 ° with the angle that horizontal direction or vertical direction became of demonstration.

The present invention can provide the liquid crystal display cells with good visuognosis.

Description of drawings

Figure 1A is the summary section of the general structure of the liquid crystal display cells of the expression liquid crystal display cells of embodiment and comparative example, and Figure 1B and Fig. 1 C are illustrated in the liquid crystal display cells of embodiment and comparative example the summary section of general structure on the liquid crystal display cells of TN type and vertical orientating type respectively;

Fig. 2 A and Fig. 2 B are the examples of two regional TN-LCD of segment structure;

Fig. 3 is the planimetric map of the electrode gap structure of expression TN-LCD shown in Figure 1;

Fig. 4 is the planimetric map of the frictional direction of expression substrate;

Fig. 5 is the planimetric map of expression polarization plates structure;

Fig. 6 is the sketch that shows bad example;

Fig. 7 shows another bad routine sketch;

Fig. 8 is the example of two regional TN-LCD of the segment structure of first embodiment;

Fig. 9 is the slit figure of the electrode of liquid crystal display cells shown in Figure 8;

Figure 10 is the planimetric map of liquid crystal display cells of the simple matrix type of the 3rd embodiment;

Figure 11 is the figure of a plurality of pixel regions the tft active matrix liquid crystal indicator of the 4th embodiment that sees from the below

Figure 12 A and Figure 12 B are the figure that is used to illustrate the liquid crystal display cells of the 5th embodiment;

Figure 13 A and Figure 13 B are the figure that is used to illustrate the liquid crystal display cells of the 6th embodiment;

Figure 14 A and Figure 14 B are the figure that is used to illustrate the liquid crystal display cells of the 3rd comparative example;

Figure 15 A, Figure 15 B and Figure 15 C drive and viewing angle characteristic figure when the liquid crystal display cells of the 3rd comparative example, the 5th embodiment and the 6th embodiment is shown with 1/8 dutycycle;

Figure 16 A～Figure 16 C is the figure that is used to illustrate the liquid crystal display cells of the 7th embodiment;

Figure 17 A～Figure 17 C is the figure that is used to illustrate the liquid crystal display cells of the 4th comparative example;

Figure 18 A and Figure 18 B drive and viewing angle characteristic figure when the liquid crystal display cells of the 4th comparative example and the 7th embodiment is shown with 1/4 dutycycle;

Figure 19 A is the planimetric map of slit figure of the liquid crystal display cells of expression the 8th embodiment, Figure 19 B be expression the 8th embodiment polarization plates see through axial planimetric map;

Figure 20 A is the planimetric map of slit figure of the liquid crystal display cells of expression the 9th embodiment, Figure 20 B be expression the 9th embodiment polarization plates see through axial planimetric map;

Figure 21 A is the planimetric map of slit figure of the liquid crystal display cells of expression the tenth embodiment, Figure 21 B be expression the tenth embodiment polarization plates see through axial planimetric map.

Label declaration

1,6,15 segment electrodes

2,7,16 common electrodes

1s, 2s, 6s, 7s, 8As, 8Bs, 9As, 9Bs, 15s, 16s, 18s, 21s, 31c, 32c, ss slit

4A, 4B frictional direction

The absorption axes of 5A, 5B polarization plates

The last lateral electrode of 8A, 8B

9A, 9B downside electrode

The 17TFT element

18 pixel electrodes

19 source electrode lines

20 gate lines

31 upside substrates

The last routine transparency carrier of 31a

31b upside transparency electrode

31d upside orientation film

32 downside substrates

32a downside transparency carrier

32b downside transparency electrode

32d downside alignment films

33 liquid crystal layers

34 upside polarization plates

35 downside polarization plates

36 viewing angle compensation plates

D1 disclination line

P, Q, R, S zonule

Embodiment

Figure 1A is the summary section of the general structure of the liquid crystal display cells of the liquid crystal display cells of embodiment shown in below the expression and comparative example.In addition, Figure 1B and 1C are the summary section of general structure on TN type and vertical alignment-type liquid crystal display device respectively in the liquid crystal display cells of expression embodiment and comparative example.In addition, the liquid crystal display cells of embodiment and comparative example all is the liquid crystal display cells with two regional structures.

With reference to Fig. 1.The liquid crystal display cells of embodiment and comparative example comprises: upside substrate 31, and the downside substrate 32 of upside substrate 31 almost parallels configurations and be clamped in liquid crystal layer 33 between the two substrates 31,32.

Upside substrate 31 has: for example at the upside transparency carrier 31a as transparent glass substrate; The upside transparency electrode 31b that on upside transparency carrier 31a, for example uses ITO (indium tin oxide) to form; Being formed on upside transparency carrier 31a goes up to cover the upside orientation film 31d of upside transparency electrode 31b.Upside transparency electrode 31b have a direction (in this figure for figure at the moment-Nei direction) go up long slit 31c.Slit 31c for example forms oblong-shaped or strip when the substrate normal direction is seen liquid crystal display cells.After this this described with reference to accompanying drawing.

Downside substrate 32 is also identical.Downside substrate 32 has: downside transparency carrier 32a; Be formed on downside transparency electrode 32b on the downside transparency carrier 32a, be formed on downside transparency carrier 32a and go up to cover the downside alignment films 32d of downside transparency electrode 32b.Each inscape of the correspondence of upside substrate 31 and downside substrate 32 is formed by identical materials.Downside transparency electrode 32b also has the long slit 32c of a direction.32c corresponding formation in slit with slit 31c, both length direction almost parallels.That is, in this figure, the length direction of slit 32c also be figure at the moment-Nei direction.In addition, when substrate hair line direction is seen, two slit 31c and 32c with the direction of length direction quadrature on alternately arrange the ground configuration.Slit 32c also forms for example oblong-shaped or strip when the substrate normal direction is seen liquid crystal display cells.

Upside transparency electrode 31b and downside transparency electrode 32b clip liquid crystal layer 33 and overlap each other, and divide the viewing area.

As mentioned above, because slit 31c and 32c are separately positioned on upside and downside transparency electrode 31b and the 32b, thus when applying voltage, produce tilting electric field (being the electric field of the direction of electric field) in slit portion from the inclination of substrate normal direction, and, opposite in the direction of the both sides in slit tilting electric field.In the viewing area of dividing by pair of electrodes, when applying voltage, the direction that erects that forms liquid crystal molecule is simultaneously distinguished reciprocal zonule, so, remedied the view angle dependency of zonule each other, reduced view angle dependency on the whole in the viewing area, visuognosis is good, has improved display quality.

In this figure, zonule P equates with direction of an electric field among the R of zonule.In addition, zonule Q equates with direction of an electric field among the S of zonule.In addition, the direction of the tilting electric field among zonule P and the zonule Q is opposite.Thus, optimum visual among zonule P and zonule R identification direction for example be the right among the figure, the optimum visual among zonule Q and the zonule S recognize direction be among the figure left to.

With reference to Figure 1B.In the liquid crystal display cells of TN type, dispose upside polarization plates 34 in upside substrate 31 outsides of the structure shown in Figure 1A (liquid crystal cells), dispose downside polarization plates 35 in downside substrate 32 outsides.Upside and downside polarization plates 34,35 have the axle of seeing through respectively on the direction in the face of polarization plates, only see through at the light that sees through polarization on the direction.

With reference to Fig. 1 C.In vertical alignment-type liquid crystal display device, dispose the viewing angle compensation plate between the upside substrate 31 of the structure shown in Figure 1B and the upside polarization plates 34.The viewing angle compensation plate has the function of the visuognosis variation that compensation causes by the visual angle difference.

At first, the first embodiment of the present invention and first comparative example are compared and describe in detail.In first comparative example and first embodiment, the situation of the two regional TN-LCD (twisted nematic liquid crystal display) that section is shown describes.

(first comparative example)

In Fig. 2, represented the example of two regional TN-LCD of segment structure.The structure of TN-LCD shown in Fig. 2 A is that the upper segment electrode 1 of numeral " 1 " and the common electrode 2 of bottom are as the pair of electrodes holding liquid crystal.This segment electrode 1 and common electrode 2 are provided with rectangular slit 1s, the 2s that has removed a part.Shown in Fig. 2 B, be arranged on the slit 1s and slit 2s on the short direction in slit the alternately configuration identical shaped that is arranged on the common electrode 2 of segment electrode 1 with slit 1s.

In Fig. 3, represented the gap structure of the electrode of the TN-LCD shown in Fig. 2 B.The slit is a rectangle, and its length direction is of a size of 100 μ m, and short direction is of a size of 20 μ m.Slit length direction each other be spaced apart 20 μ m, see from above, adjacent slit 1s and the short direction of slit 2s be spaced apart 40 μ m.

The making main points of this TN-LCD are as follows.Low pretilt alignment film (Ri productizations Gong Ye System SE-510: produce chemical industry system SE-510 daily) is fired in coating on the substrate of the electrode of the slit figure that comprises the regulation that has as shown in Figure 3.Afterwards, use the emery cloth rubbed substrate of regenerated fiber system (レ one ヨ Application System).The torsional direction of liquid crystal is to curl in a left side.

Fig. 4 is the planimetric map of the frictional direction of expression substrate.Solid arrow 4A is the frictional direction of upside substrate, and dotted arrow 3B is the frictional direction of downside substrate.By being made as frictional direction shown in Figure 4, make liquid crystal molecule disperse orientation (ス プ レ イ orientation), the inclination angle of the liquid crystal molecule of unit central authorities is 0 degree.In addition, the length direction quadrature in the long axis direction of the liquid crystal molecule of unit central authorities and slit.

Coating primary seal material on two plate bases of as above making, and then after scattering the gap control material of the diameter with 9 μ m they are overlapped, and solidify the primary seal material.In the dummy cell that is made into, inject the liquid crystal (containing the chirality agent) of the birefraction 0.25 of big Japanese ink corporate system (big Japanese イ Application キ She System), thereby finish liquid crystal cells.Polarization plates is fitted on this liquid crystal cells.

Fig. 5 represents the structure of polarization plates.Solid arrow 5A is the absorption axes of upside polarization plates, and dotted arrow 5B is the absorption axes of downside polarization plates.Can produce the normal black two regional TN-LCD that show like this.

After applying voltage on this unit it shown, produce show bad.

Fig. 6 and Fig. 7 are the sketches that expression shows bad example.Vertically long slit ss vertically, transversely be configured to rectangular.Transversely arranged slit ss alternately is configured on the upper/lower electrode, and the zone between the ss of slit should be the evenly zone of orientation of liquid crystal molecule.Opposite orientation about the ss of slit.Between the slit ss that vertically arranges, can see disclination line d1, can be with its border as the different orientation of liquid crystal molecule.The position is if the stable problem that then shows is few.Laterally arrange vertically long viewing area, alternately changes orientation and form two zone orientations.But, in the part of surrounding by circle in Fig. 5 disclination line d1 with the direction of the length direction quadrature of slit ss on move.Form the form that vertically long viewing area disconnects halfway, and its position instability, therefore generation shows bad.

In addition, continue in 85 ℃ atmosphere this unit energising, after about 500 hours, as shown in Figure 7, nearly all position all produces moving of disclination line d1, very ugly demonstration occurs.

(first embodiment)

Fig. 8 represents the example of two regional TN-LCD of segment structure.The structure of TN-LCD shown in Figure 8 is that the common electrode 7 of the segment electrode 6 on top of numeral " 1 ", " 2 " and bottom is as the pair of electrodes holding liquid crystal.In this embodiment, the conducting scope of segment electrode 6 narrows down, and the conducting scope of common electrode 7 broadens.

This segment electrode 6 and common electrode 7 are provided with rectangular slit 6s, the 7s that removes a part.The slit 7s that is arranged on the slit 6s on the segment electrode and is arranged on the common electrode alternately disposes on the short direction in slit.And, be arranged on the slit on slit and the electrode that is arranged on the opposing party on a side the electrode per unit length to cut apart number different.Wherein, cut apart number and be meant the quantity of the disconnected position on the length direction of slit, cut apart under several 1 the situation, slit quantity is 2.Therefore, the situation that number is 0 (the slit number is 1) of cutting apart is also arranged.In Fig. 8, set the number of cutting apart of the per unit length of slit 6s many, and the number of cutting apart of the per unit length of slit 7s is set at 0.Thus, in the viewing area of being divided by segment electrode 6 and common electrode 7, on the short direction in slit, the row that are divided into some slits alternately dispose with row from the end-to-end slit that is connected of viewing area.And then, slit 7s is not set and stays electrode in the end of common electrode 7, because common electrode 7 becomes an electrode of electrical connection, therefore design or connection become easy.

Fig. 9 represents the slit figure of the electrode of liquid crystal display cells shown in Figure 8.The slit be shaped as rectangle.The size that is arranged on the length direction of cutting apart the many slit 6s of number of the per unit length on the upper segment electrode 6 for example is 40 μ m, and the size of short direction for example is 20 μ m.The slit each other length direction be spaced apart 20 μ m, see from above, adjacent slit 6s and the short direction of slit 7s be spaced apart 40 μ m.

Low pretilt alignment film (Ri productization Gong Ye System SE-510: daily output chemical industry system SE-510) is fired in coating on the substrate that comprises the electrode with such slit figure.Afterwards, use the emery cloth rubbed substrate of regenerated fiber system (レ one ヨ Application System).The torsional direction of liquid crystal is to curl in a left side.

By being set at frictional direction shown in Figure 4, liquid crystal molecule disperses orientation, and the inclination angle of the liquid crystal molecule of unit central authorities is 0 degree.In addition, the length direction quadrature in the long axis direction of the liquid crystal molecule of unit central authorities and slit.

Coating primary seal material on two plate bases of as above making, in addition, have the gap control material of diameter of 9 μ m in distribution after, they are overlapped, solidify the primary seal material.In the dummy cell of making, inject the liquid crystal (containing the chirality agent) of the birefraction 0.25 of big Japanese ink corporate system, and finish liquid crystal cells.The polarization plates of the structure shown in Figure 5 of on this liquid crystal cells, fitting.Can produce the normal black two regional TN-LCD that show like this.

After applying voltage on this liquid crystal cells it shown, do not find the disclination line d1 that sees among Fig. 7 to the moving of the short direction in slit, realized not producing and shown bad demonstration, even it is see the unit, also imperceptible inhomogeneous from tilted direction.And then, in 85 ℃ atmosphere, continue after through 1000 hours, also not produce the demonstration problem to after this unit energising.

As mentioned above, show that bad is because the mobile viewing area instability that causes of the disclination line between the slit produces.Can consider that the number of cutting apart by making slit on the electrode that is formed at a side is 0 or seldom, can prevent moving of disclination line, and do not produce show bad.For this reason, the number of cutting apart that more preferably will be formed at the slit on a side the electrode is made as 0.

Size to the slit of using at first embodiment is replenished.The width (length of the short direction in slit) in slit for the above wide situation of certain value under, the electric field of slit central portion extremely dies down, and produces liquid crystal molecule for applying the responseless zone of voltage, thus produce demonstration in this zone bad.And then to be liquid crystal molecule diminish for the area in the zone of electric field response the part beyond the slit, and so-called aperture opening ratio diminishes, thereby the transmitance when applying voltage reduces.Consider that from problem as above preferably the width in slit is below the 30 μ m.On the contrary, when the width in slit is narrow, can not produce enough tilting electric fields, thereby reduce the effect of viewing angle characteristic.The width in change slit repeatedly and carried out experiment and found when gap width is more than the 10 μ m, is preferably 20 μ m when above, then can obtain two stable zones to be orientated, thereby obtain good demonstration.In addition, in first embodiment, the interelectrode gap of holding liquid crystal is 9 μ m, calculates according to above-mentioned result, even under the situation that changes interelectrode gap, as long as the slit of about 1 times～3.3 times of left and right sides width is set with respect to this gap.

About the length of cutting apart the length direction of counting many slits of per unit length, be that starting point produces owing to demonstration shown in Figure 7 is bad with the edge, slit, therefore preferably make slit length and the quantity of minimizing marginal portion as far as possible.But the length in the slit area of the transparency electrode between the slit crack more is just more little, can to cause producing demonstration inhomogeneous because the resistance value of this part rises.The result of experiment in the slit of process all lengths is found the slit that preferably has the length about 20 μ m～300 μ m.Therefore, under the situation that changes interelectrode gap, as long as the slit of about about 2 times～33 times length is set with respect to this gap.

So be the bigger the better with the interval of the short direction in slit of 7s in order to ensure sufficient slit, viewing area 6s, but then narrow for well from the stability of guaranteeing two zones and the purpose that prevents the visual profile that can identify two zones.Preferably being spaced apart below the 60 μ m of the short direction in slit found at this interval of multiple change and testing.Because preferred interval is big when considering aperture opening ratio, so minimum value is preferably more than the width in 10 μ m or slit.In addition, the gap length of finding the slit length direction about 10 μ m～50 μ m for well.Therefore, under the situation in the gap that changes upper/lower electrode, as long as gap length is set with respect to the gap, short direction is about 1 times～about 6.6 times, and length direction is that about 1 times～about 5.5 times slit gets final product.

Be arranged on the length of cutting apart the few slit of number of the length direction on the opposing party's the electrode, determine by the length of viewing area and the shape of each transparency electrode.

Below, compare for second comparative example and second embodiment, the situation of two regions perpendicular alignment-type LCD of two sections demonstrations is set forth.

(second comparative example)

Vertical orientation type LCD to second comparative example describes.This structure is shown in Fig. 1 (C).Its method for making is described simply.As alignment films 31d, 32d, use (Ri productization Gong Ye System SE-1211: daily output chemical industry system SE-1211).Oriented film coating is fired on upper and lower base plate.Fire coating primary seal material on two plate bases of alignment films in coating, they have been overlapped have the gap control material of diameter of 4 μ m in distribution after, solidified the primary seal material.In the dummy cell of making, inject the liquid crystal (containing the chirality agent) of the birefraction 0.15 of Ma Luke corporate system (the メ Le Network System of society), and finish liquid crystal cells.Liquid crystal molecule is vertical orientated with respect to base plan.With viewing angle compensation plate 36 (Zhu friendization Gong Ye System VAC-180 Off イ Le system: Sumitomo Chemical system VAC-180 film) and polarization plates 34,35 be fitted on the liquid crystal cells with the structure shown in Fig. 1 (C).Can make two regions perpendicular alignment-type LCD like this.In addition, the slit figure is identical with first comparative example.

After applying voltage on this unit it is shown, it is bad to have produced the demonstration that illustrates in first comparative example, but does not have the TN-LCD of first comparative example serious like that, is seeing under the situation of liquid crystal cells from tilted direction, has that some are inhomogeneous.

(second embodiment)

Vertical orientation type LCD to second embodiment describes.Briefly, the two regions perpendicular alignment-type LCD of second embodiment are LCD of the structure and material identical with second comparative example, and its slit figure is identical with first embodiment.

When this unit is applied voltage it is shown, though the direction that tilts see liquid crystal cells do not see yet show inhomogeneous.And, in 85 ℃ atmosphere, continue after this unit energising, also the generation demonstration is bad after 1000 hours.

(the 3rd embodiment)

With reference to Figure 10 two regional TN-LCD of simple matrix type and the situation of two regions perpendicular alignment-type LCD are described.Figure 10 represents the planimetric map of the liquid crystal display cells of simple matrix type of the present invention.

The liquid crystal cells identical when showing with section, that the 3rd embodiment uses as shown in figure 10, is the common electrode 16 of the segment electrode 15 on top and the bottom structure as a pair of electrode holding liquid crystal.This segment electrode 15 and common electrode 16 are provided with rectangular slit 15s, the 16s that removes a part.The slit 16s that is arranged on the slit 15s on the segment electrode 15 and is arranged on the common electrode 16 alternately disposes on the short direction in slit.And, be arranged on side's electrode the slit be arranged on the opposing party's electrode on the slit per unit length to cut apart number different, will cut apart the few slits of number and be arranged on the electrode side parallel (here for common electrode 16) with the slit length direction.Thus, the long slit 16s of size can be set on common electrode 16, seek to design and the simplification of production process.Use this electrode to make two regional TN-LCD and two regions perpendicular alignment-type LCD respectively, the affirmation result of the inhomogeneous situation of demonstration is can reduce the inhomogeneous of demonstration significantly by adopting electrode structure of the present invention.

In addition, in Figure 10, horizontal segment electrode 15 is provided with the slit with the part that common electrode 16 longitudinally intersects, but also the slit 16s across a plurality of points can be set on common electrode 16 sides.But,, note on the end of electrode, the slit not being set for the easy of manufacturing process.In addition, notice in each point (being segment electrode and common electrode cross section) that the slit of the slit being lacked the two ends of direction is arranged on the electrode parallel with the short direction in slit (being segment electrode 15 here) side here.Thus, in each point, the vergence direction of the electric interfering field on the end of the short direction in slit is identical.

The preferred value of the size of gap size and gap length is identical with first embodiment and second embodiment.

(the 4th embodiment)

With reference to Figure 11 the situation of tft active matrix liquid crystal indicator is described.

Figure 11 represents the figure of a plurality of pixel regions of the tft active matrix liquid crystal indicator seen from the below.As shown in figure 11, on the tft active matrix liquid crystal indicator of the 4th embodiment, on transparent glass substrate, be formed with the TFT element 17 of non-crystalline silicon etc. and be rectangular a plurality of pixel electrodes 18 of main material with indium tin oxide (ITO) etc.And, be formed with respectively source electrode line (signal wire) 19 and the gate line (sweep trace) 20 that are connected with gate electrode with the source electrode of TFT element 17.Drive pixel electrode 18 by TFT element 17 via drain electrode.Be formed with the film that on vertical alignment layer or horizontal alignment film, has applied friction treatment on the pixel electrode 18.On the glass substrate that is formed with described pixel electrode 18, relatively dispose another glass substrate with this substrate across liquid crystal layer, on this substrate, form current electrode.In addition, on current electrode and face that liquid crystal layer contacts, also be formed with the film that on vertical alignment layer or horizontal alignment film, has applied friction treatment.

On pixel electrode 18, be formed with the slit 18s shown in the solid line among Figure 11 of a plurality of parts of removing electrode.And, on the current electrode relative, be formed with row shown in the dotted line and the end-to-end elongated slit 21s that are connected pixel electrode 18 corresponding display with pixel electrode 18.The slit 18s of upper and lower base plate and 21s are with state configuration arranged side by side each other.

Here it should be noted, identical with the liquid crystal display cells of the simple matrix type of the 3rd embodiment, in each point, the slit at the two ends of the short direction in slit is arranged on the current electrode side.Thus, in each point (being segment electrode and common electrode cross section here), attention is arranged on the electrode parallel with the short direction in slit (being segment electrode 15 here) side with the slit at the two ends of the short direction in slit.Thus, in each point, the vergence direction of the electric interfering field of the end of the short direction in slit is identical.In addition, in the current electrode side, also can form slit 21s across a plurality of points.But, identical with the 3rd embodiment, note the slit not being arranged on the end of electrode.

The preferred value of the size in slit or the size of gap length and first～the 3rd embodiment is identical.

The liquid crystal indicator of the structure of the 4th embodiment also can obtain and the same effect of first～the 3rd embodiment.

(first variation～the 4th variation)

In addition, in first embodiment～the 4th embodiment, the slit length direction is made as the vertical of Fig. 8～Figure 11, still, the slit length direction is defined as the first horizontal variation～the 4th variation also can obtains same effect.

Except that first～the 4th embodiment, as inventors' achievement in research, study by the relation that sees through direction of principal axis and slit direction to polarization plates, proposed to improve the scheme of the liquid crystal display cells of viewing angle characteristic.This content representation below.

(the 5th embodiment)

Use Figure 12 A and 12B that the liquid crystal display cells of the 5th embodiment is described.The liquid crystal display cells of the 5th embodiment is the liquid crystal display cells of vertical orientation type.On upside and downside transparency electrode, the slit long as a direction is formed with OBL slit, divided by upside and downside transparency electrode to show the viewing area of calculating with numeral " 1 ".In addition, with " 1 " character laterally as directions X, will indulge (highly) direction when dividing as Y direction (with the direction of directions X quadrature), the length direction in slit and directions X and Y direction are formed all at 45ly.Horizontal (direction parallel) that see through direction of principal axis conduct " 1 " character of upside polarization plates with directions X, vertical (direction parallel) that see through direction of principal axis conduct " 1 " character of downside polarization plates with the Y direction.In addition, in the 5th embodiment, with the display part left and right directions of liquid crystal display cells as the direction parallel with directions X.

With reference to Figure 12 A.Figure 12 A is the general view of the viewing area of the liquid crystal display cells of expression the 5th embodiment.In this figure, the drawing right is a directions X, and last direction is the Y direction.

Be formed with the slit that the part of transparency electrode is removed on the transparency electrode in the viewing area.In the figure, the slit that is formed on the upside transparency electrode represents that with solid line the slit that is formed on the downside transparency electrode dots.The slit is the oblong-shaped of length 100 μ m, width 20 μ m, and in upside and each transparency electrode of downside, its length direction and Width along the slit becomes rectangular with certain arranged spaced.In addition, in any of upside and downside transparency electrode, the slit with the interval (i.e. the spacing of 120 μ m) of 20 μ m, forms with the interval (i.e. the spacing of 120 μ m) of 100 μ m on Width in the longitudinal direction.

The slit of the slit of upside substrate and downside substrate disposes on length direction and Width abreast from the substrate normal direction.Aliging on Width in the end of their length direction (rectangular minor face), alternately is configured on the position impartial on the Width.That is, when the plane was seen, the slit of the slit of adjacent upside substrate and downside substrate was spaced apart 40 μ m on the Width.In addition, as mentioned above, the length direction in slit is and directions X and Y direction direction all at 45.

The liquid crystal cells of the liquid crystal display cells of the 5th embodiment is made as follows.Vertical alignment layer ((strain) Ri productization Gong Ye System SE-1211:(incorporated company) daily output chemical industry system SE-1211 is fired in coating on upside with the transparency electrode that is formed with described slit and downside transparency carrier), prepare upside and downside substrate.Coating primary seal material on upside and downside substrate, and then, behind the gap control material of distribution diameter 4 μ m, both are overlapped, make the primary seal material cured.The liquid crystal of the birefraction 0.15 of (incorporated company) Ma Luke corporate system ((strain) メ Le Network System of society) is injected in the dummy cell of as above making, finishes liquid crystal cells.

Configuration with reference to Figure 12 B explanation upside and downside polarization plates.Because the liquid crystal display cells of the 5th embodiment is the liquid crystal display cells of vertical orientation type, therefore viewing angle compensation plate and polarization plates are fitted on the liquid crystal cells with the structure shown in Fig. 1 (C).

In Figure 12 B, solid arrow is depicted as the direction of principal axis that sees through of upside polarization plates, and is parallel with directions X.In addition, dotted arrow is depicted as the direction of principal axis that sees through of downside polarization plates, and is parallel with the Y direction.In the drawings, as being designated as 45 ° of directions with reference to length direction with the slit.

In addition, as the viewing angle compensation plate, use (incorporated company) Sumitomo Chemical system VAC-180 film ((strain) Zhu friendization Gong Ye System VAC-180 Off イ Le system).

(the 6th embodiment)

Use Figure 13 A and 13B that the liquid crystal display cells of the 6th embodiment is described.The liquid crystal display cells of the 6th embodiment is the liquid crystal display cells of vertical orientation type.Identical with the 5th embodiment, form OBL slit, divide demonstration by upside and downside transparency electrode and calculate the viewing area of using numeral " 1 ".In addition, with " 1 " character laterally be divided into directions X, will indulge (highly) direction when being divided into Y direction (with the direction of directions X quadrature), it is parallel with directions X that slit-shaped becomes its length direction.The direction of principal axis that sees through of upside polarization plates be horizontal (direction parallel with directions X) of " 1 " character, the downside polarization plates be vertical (direction parallel) of " 1 " character through direction of principal axis with the Y direction.

With reference to Figure 13 A.Figure 13 A is the general view of the viewing area of the liquid crystal display cells of expression the 6th embodiment.In this figure, the drawing right is a directions X, and last direction is the Y direction.

On the transparency electrode of viewing area, be formed with the slit of a part of removing transparency electrode.In the drawings, represent the slit that forms on the upside transparency electrode to dot the slit that is formed on the downside transparency electrode with solid line.The length direction of removing the slit is for beyond the direction this point parallel with directions X, and the shape in slit, size, interval and configuration are identical with the situation of the 5th embodiment.

The manufacture method of the dummy cell of the liquid crystal display cells of the 6th embodiment is identical with the manufacture method of the liquid crystal display cells of the 5th embodiment.In the 5th embodiment, the liquid crystal of the birefraction 0.15 of (incorporated company) Ma Luke corporate system ((strain) メ Le Network System of society) is injected in the dummy cell, in the 6th embodiment, inject the chiral material of (incorporated company) Ma Luke corporate system ((strain) メ Le Network System of society) with the liquid crystal of the birefraction 0.15 of injecting (incorporated company) Ma Luke corporate system ((strain) メ Le Network System of society), make liquid crystal have twisting resistance, thereby finish liquid crystal cells.Add chiral material so that the ratio d/p of element thickness d and natural spacing p is 0.6.

Configuration with reference to Figure 13 B explanation upside and downside polarization plates.The liquid crystal display cells of the 6th embodiment is also identical with the 5th embodiment, is the liquid crystal display cells of vertical orientation type, so with the structure shown in Fig. 1 (C) viewing angle compensation plate and polarization plates are fitted on the liquid crystal cells.

In Figure 13 B, solid arrow is represented the direction of principal axis that sees through of upside polarization plates, and is parallel with directions X.In addition, dotted arrow is represented the optical axis direction that sees through of downside polarization plates, and is parallel with the Y direction.In addition, as the viewing angle compensation plate, use (incorporated company) Sumitomo Chemical system VAC-180 film ((strain) Zhu friendization Gong Ye System VAC-180 Off イ Le system).

(the 3rd comparative example)

Use Figure 14 A and Figure 14 B that the liquid crystal display cells of the 3rd comparative example is described.The liquid crystal display cells of the 3rd comparative example is the liquid crystal display cells of vertical orientation type.In the liquid crystal display cells of the 3rd comparative example, also divide demonstration and calculate the viewing area of using numeral " 1 " by upside and downside transparency electrode.In addition, with " 1 " character laterally be divided into directions X, will indulge (highly) direction and be divided into Y direction (with the direction of directions X quadrature).

With reference to Figure 14 A.Figure 14 A is the general view of viewing area of the liquid crystal display cells of expression the 3rd comparative example, and is identical with Figure 13 A.

On the transparency electrode of viewing area, be formed with the slit of a part of removing transparency electrode.In the drawings, solid line represents to be formed on the slit on the upside transparency electrode, and dotted line represents to be formed on the slit on the downside transparency electrode.The situation of the 6th embodiment shown in the shape in slit, size, length direction (direction parallel with directions X), interval and configuration and Figure 13 A is identical.

The manufacture method of the liquid crystal cells of the liquid crystal display cells of the 3rd comparative example is identical with the liquid crystal cells of the liquid crystal display cells of the 5th embodiment.

Configuration with reference to Figure 14 B explanation upside and downside polarization plates.The liquid crystal display cells of the 3rd comparative example is the liquid crystal display cells of vertical orientation type, so with the structure shown in Fig. 1 (C) viewing angle compensation plate and polarization plates are fitted on the liquid crystal cells.

In Figure 14 B, solid arrow is represented the direction of principal axis that sees through of upside polarization plates, with X negative direction and Y positive dirction angle at 45.In addition, dotted arrow is represented the direction of principal axis that sees through of downside polarization plates, with X positive dirction and Y positive dirction angle at 45.In the drawings, as being designated as 0 ° of direction with reference to length direction with the slit.

In addition, use (incorporated company) Sumitomo Chemical system VAC-180 film ((strain) Zhu friendization Gong Ye System VAC-180 Off イ Le system) as the viewing angle compensation plate.

Figure 15 A, Figure 15 B and Figure 15 C are respectively the viewing angle characteristic figure of the liquid crystal display cells that drives the 3rd comparative example, the 5th embodiment and the 6th embodiment with 1/8 dutycycle when it is shown.

In all viewing angle characteristic figure of Figure 15 A～Figure 15 C, represent polar angle with concentric circles.Concentrically ringed center is the position of 0 ° of polar angle.In Figure 15 A and Figure 15 B, use from six concentric circless of 10 ° to 60 ° of scales and represent polar angle.In addition, in Figure 15 C, use from four concentric circless of 20 ° to 80 ° of scales and represent polar angle.

The right at concentrically ringed center is made as 0 ° of direction, divides angle coordinate widdershins, the expression view directions.In Figure 15 A～Figure 15 C, use 30 ° of expressions of scale angle.0 °～180 ° directions of figure are the direction parallel with directions X (" 1 " laterally), and 90 °～270 ° directions be the direction parallel with the Y direction (" 1 " vertical).

Depict among Figure 15 A and Figure 15 B about four contrasts of 5,10,50 and 300 level line than (CR).In Figure 15 C, depict about six contrasts of 2,3,5,10,20 and 50 level line than (CR).

With reference to Figure 15 A.All contrasts of measuring are expressed with respect to left and right directions (0 °～180 ° directions) and the roughly symmetrical viewing angle characteristic of above-below direction (90 °～270 ° directions) than (CR).In addition, for example contrast is under 10 the situation than (CR), and with respect to left and right directions and above-below direction, polar angle can obtain good visuognosis during to about 40 ° of positions.

With reference to Figure 15 B.All contrasts of measuring are expressed with respect to left and right directions and the roughly symmetrical viewing angle characteristic of above-below direction than (CR).In addition, for example contrast is under 10 the situation than (CR), with respect to left and right directions and above-below direction, in the time of till the polar angle to 60 °, can obtain good visuognosis.Like this, the liquid crystal display cells of the 5th embodiment is compared with the liquid crystal display cells of the 3rd embodiment as can be seen, can guarantee good visuognosis (visual angle is wide) till big angle position.Actual both are arranged of inventors represented to estimate, its result is as follows, liquid crystal display cells one side of the 5th embodiment, when visual angle during in the swing of above-below direction and left and right directions, till bigger angle, can guarantee to show clearly, in the use of reality, can demonstrate good display characteristic.

In addition, in this viewing angle characteristic figure, the symmetry that can see above-below direction and left and right directions upward angle of visibility characteristic has destruction to a certain degree, but inventors' observation shows that this degree is that no problem degree is gone up in actual use.

The slit of the liquid crystal display cells of the 5th embodiment, when the right with concentrically ringed center is defined as 0 ° of direction, when dividing angle coordinate widdershins, its length direction forms 45 ° of directions.Inventors studies show that, as long as the length direction in slit is 20 °～70 ° directions, then on above-below direction and left and right directions, demonstrate than the better display characteristic of the liquid crystal display cells of the 3rd comparative example.In addition, demonstrating best display characteristic is 45 ° of directions.

In addition, in the liquid crystal display cells of the 5th embodiment, the direction of principal axis that sees through of upside polarization plates is made as 0 °～180 ° directions in described angle coordinate, the direction of principal axis that sees through of downside polarization plates is made as 90 °～270 ° directions.Upside and downside polarization plates see through direction of principal axis, if be configured to these arrangement angles ± 20 ° in the time (, upper deflection board is-20 ° of-160 ° of direction～20 °-200 ° of directions, the downside polarization plates is 70 ° of-250 ° of direction～110 °-290 ° of directions), compare with the liquid crystal display cells of the 3rd comparative example, have good characterization.

In addition, the liquid crystal display cells of the 5th embodiment has adopted and has made liquid crystal molecule not have the liquid crystal layer of twisting resistance, but also can for example adopt the liquid crystal layer with twisting resistance that liquid crystal display cells adopted of the 6th embodiment.

With reference to Figure 15 C.All contrasts of measuring are expressed the roughly viewing angle characteristic of symmetry than (CR) with respect to left and right directions and above-below direction.In addition, for example contrast is under 10 the situation than (CR), with respect to left and right directions and above-below direction, can obtain good visuognosis in the scope that surpasses 80 ° to polar angle.Like this, the liquid crystal display cells of the 6th embodiment is compared with the 3rd comparative example as can be seen, can obtain good visuognosis (visual angle is wide) till big angle position.Actual both are arranged of inventors represented to estimate, its result is as follows, liquid crystal display cells one side of the 6th embodiment, when swing on above-below direction and left and right directions at the visual angle, till bigger angle, can guarantee to show clearly, in the application of reality, show good display characteristic.

But find that the liquid crystal display cells of the 6th embodiment is compared with the 3rd comparative example, the brightness of its demonstration is lower.This is because the liquid crystal molecule twist alignment effectively postpones to change little cause.

In the liquid crystal display cells of the 6th embodiment, the length direction in slit is made as the direction parallel with directions X, but also can is the direction parallel with the Y direction.

In addition, the liquid crystal display cells of the 6th embodiment has adopted and has made liquid crystal molecule have the liquid crystal layer of twisting resistance.Inventors have adopted the liquid crystal display cells of the 3rd comparative example on the basis of the liquid crystal layer of the liquid crystal display cells of the 6th embodiment, use the liquid crystal layer that does not have twisting resistance, and its result does not almost obtain contrast, shows very bad.

The liquid crystal display cells of the 5th embodiment and the 6th embodiment has used the viewing angle compensation plate.But even under the situation of the little viewing angle compensation plate of the situation of not using the viewing angle compensation plate or using compensation value, the visual angle that also can guarantee to reach up and down left and right directions is wide.

Next, the liquid crystal display cells of the 7th embodiment and the liquid crystal display cells of the 4th comparative example are described.The liquid crystal display cells of the liquid crystal display cells of the 5th embodiment and the 6th embodiment and the 3rd comparative example is the liquid crystal display cells of vertical orientation type, and is relative therewith, is noted that from then on two kinds of torsion angles are the liquid crystal display cells of 90 ° TN orientating type.

(the 7th embodiment)

Use Figure 16 A～Figure 16 C that the liquid crystal display cells of the 7th embodiment is described.On upside and downside transparency electrode, be formed with OBL slit, divide the viewing area that " 1 " of using numeral is calculated in demonstration by upside and downside transparency electrode as the long slit of a direction.In addition, with " 1 " character laterally be divided into directions X, when vertical (highly) direction was divided into Y direction (with the direction of directions X quadrature), it is all at 45 that slit-shaped becomes its length direction and directions X and Y direction.Substrate to a side rubs on the direction parallel with directions X, and the opposing party's substrate is rubbed on the direction parallel with the Y direction.The direction of principal axis that sees through of upside and downside polarization plates all is the direction parallel with directions X.

With reference to Figure 16 A.Figure 16 A is for the general view of the viewing area of the liquid crystal display cells of expression the 7th embodiment, and is identical with Figure 12 A.

On the transparency electrode of viewing area, be formed with the slit of a part of removing transparency electrode.In the drawings, solid line represents that the slit that forms on the upside transparency electrode, dotted line represent the slit that forms on the downside transparency electrode.The situation of the 5th embodiment shown in the shape in slit, size, length direction (with directions X and Y direction direction all at 45), interval and configuration and Figure 12 A is identical.

The liquid crystal cells of the liquid crystal display cells of the 7th embodiment is made as follows.Low pretilt alignment film ((strain) day productization worker industry System SE-510:(incorporated company) daily output chemical industry system SE-510 is fired in coating on upside with the transparency electrode that has formed described slit and downside transparency carrier), and rub.Friction uses the emery cloth of regenerated fiber system (レ one ヨ Application System) to carry out, the additional tilt angle that equates on upper and lower base plate.

On Figure 16 B, show frictional direction.In Figure 16 B, solid arrow is represented the frictional direction of upside substrate, is the Y positive dirction.In addition, dotted arrow is represented the frictional direction of downside substrate, is the X negative direction.

The torsional direction of liquid crystal is to curl in a left side.By shown in Figure 16 B, rubbing, make liquid crystal molecule disperse orientation, the inclination angle of the liquid crystal molecule of unit central authorities becomes 0 °.

Coating primary seal material on upside of as above making and downside substrate.And then, after scattering the gap control material that diameter is 9 μ m, both are overlapped, and make the primary seal material cured.In the dummy cell of making like this, inject the liquid crystal of the birefraction 0.25 of (incorporated company) big Japanese ink corporate system ((strain) big Japanese イ Application キ She System), finish liquid crystal cells.

Configuration with reference to Figure 16 C explanation upside and downside polarization plates.Because the liquid crystal display cells of the 7th embodiment is the liquid crystal display cells of TN orientating type, therefore, with the structure shown in Figure 1B polarization plates is fitted on the liquid crystal cells.

In Figure 16 C, solid arrow is represented the direction of principal axis that sees through of upside polarization plates, and dotted arrow is represented the direction of principal axis that sees through of downside polarization plates.Both are all parallel with directions X.

Like this, produce the normal black two regional TN type liquid crystal display cells that show.

(the 4th comparative example)

Use Figure 17 A～Figure 17 C that the liquid crystal display cells of the 4th comparative example is described.In the liquid crystal display cells of the 4th comparative example, also divide and show the viewing area of calculating with numeral " 1 " by upside and downside transparency electrode, in addition, with " 1 " character laterally be divided into directions X, will indulge (highly) direction and be divided into Y direction (with the direction of directions X quadrature).

With reference to Figure 17 A.Figure 17 A is for the general view of the viewing area of the liquid crystal display cells of expression the 4th comparative example, and is identical with Figure 13 A.

On the transparency electrode of viewing area, be formed with the slit of a part of removing transparency electrode.In the drawings, solid line represents to be formed on the slit of upside transparency electrode, and dotted line represents to be formed on the slit on the downside transparency electrode.The situation of the 6th embodiment shown in the shape in slit, size, length direction (direction parallel with directions X), interval and configuration and Figure 13 A is identical.

The manufacture method of the liquid crystal cells of the liquid crystal display cells of the 4th comparative example is except frictional direction, identical with the manufacture method of the liquid crystal cells of the liquid crystal display cells of the 7th embodiment.

Figure 17 B is the planimetric map of the frictional direction of the liquid crystal display cells of expression the 4th comparative example.In Figure 17 B, solid arrow is represented the frictional direction of upside substrate, is and X positive dirction and Y positive dirction direction all at 45.In addition, dotted arrow is represented the frictional direction of downside substrate, is and X negative direction and Y positive dirction direction all at 45.

The torsional direction of liquid crystal is to curl in a left side.By shown in Figure 17 B, rubbing, make liquid crystal molecule disperse orientation, the inclination angle of the liquid crystal molecule of unit central authorities becomes 0 °.

Configuration with reference to Figure 17 C explanation upside and downside polarization plates.The liquid crystal display cells of the 4th comparative example is the liquid crystal display cells of TN orientating type, therefore with the structure shown in Figure 1B polarization plates is fitted on the liquid crystal cells.

In Figure 17 C, solid arrow is represented the direction of principal axis that sees through of upside polarization plates, and dotted arrow is represented the direction of principal axis that sees through of downside polarization plates.Be and X negative direction and Y positive dirction direction at 45.

Like this, produce the normal black two regional TN type liquid crystal display cells that show.

Figure 18 A and Figure 18 B are respectively the viewing angle characteristic figure of the liquid crystal display cells that drives the 4th comparative example and the 7th embodiment with 1/4 dutycycle when it is shown.The polar angle among two figure and the method for expressing of angle coordinate are identical with Figure 15 A and Figure 15 B.

In Figure 18 A and Figure 18 B, depict about four contrasts of 5,10,20 and 50 level line than (CR).

With reference to Figure 18 A.All contrasts of measuring demonstrate the roughly viewing angle characteristic of symmetry than (CR) with respect to left and right directions (0 ° of-180 ° of direction) and above-below direction (90 ° of-270 ° of directions).But on left and right directions and above-below direction, there is significant difference in the width at visual angle.For example, contrast is under 20 the situation than (CR), can obtain good visuognosis with respect to left and right directions till surpassing about 40 °, but obtains good visuognosis till can only arriving about 25 ° with respect to above-below direction.

With reference to 18B.All contrasts of measuring demonstrate the roughly viewing angle characteristic of symmetry than (CR) with respect to left and right directions and above-below direction.In addition, between the width of the visual angle of the visual angle of left and right directions width and above-below direction, there is not very big gap.For example contrast is under 20 the situation, to be about 45 ° with respect to left and right directions than (CR), for surpassing about 50 °, can obtain good visuognosis with respect to above-below direction.

When comparing with the liquid crystal display cells of the 4th comparative example shown in Figure 18 A, the advantage of the liquid crystal display cells of the 7th embodiment is that the visual angle is wide at above-below direction, and the width at visual angle has obtained balance on left and right directions and above-below direction.

Inventors are actual to arrange demonstration with both, estimate, its result is as follows, in the 5th embodiment～the 7th embodiment, when the liquid crystal display cells of the 7th embodiment makes the visual angle swing on above-below direction and left and right directions, till bigger angle, can guarantee to show clearly, demonstrate good display characteristic in actual applications.

In addition, in the viewing angle characteristic figure of the liquid crystal display cells of the 7th embodiment shown in Figure 18 B, the symmetry of above-below direction and left and right directions upward angle of visibility characteristic exists destruction to a certain degree, but inventors' observations shows that these destroy and are not in-problem in actual use degree.

The slit of the liquid crystal display cells of the 7th embodiment, when the right with concentrically ringed center is defined as 0 ° of direction, and when dividing angle coordinate widdershins, its length direction forms 45 ° of directions.Inventors' result of study shows, when the length direction in slit is 20 °～70 ° directions, compares when length direction being made as 45 ° of directions, obtained viewing angle characteristic about equally.The length direction in so-called slit is 20 °～70 ° directions, the direction of orientation of liquid crystal molecule that is meant the unit central authorities when no-voltage applies with respect to the length direction in slit in 90 ° ± 25 ° scopes.In TN type liquid crystal display cells, even under the non-orthogonal situation of the direction of orientation of the liquid crystal molecule of the length direction in slit and unit central authorities, also can give play to situation effect about equally with quadrature.

In addition, in the liquid crystal display cells of the 7th embodiment, the direction of principal axis that sees through of upside and downside polarization plates all is made as the direction parallel with directions X.But also they all can be made as the direction parallel with the Y direction.In addition, also can determine in the scope of the direction parallel ± 20 ° or scope, to dispose upside and downside polarization plates with seeing through direction of principal axis in the direction parallel ± 20 ° with the Y direction with directions X.The configuration of this situation, not needing must be parallel Nicol (ニ コ Le) configuration.Even be not made as under the situation of the direction parallel, also can access effect same when being made as parallel direction with directions X or Y direction at the direction of principal axis that sees through with upside and downside polarization plates.Inventors are by discovering, are under the situation of the TN type liquid crystal display cells beyond 90 at torsion angle, have the scope that adopts energetically below ± 20 ° or can better situation with upside and the configuration of downside polarization plates parallel deviate Nicol.

In addition, in torsion angle is 90 ° the 7th embodiment of TN type liquid crystal display cells, respectively along reaching the friction that left and right directions carries out upside and downside substrate up and down.In torsion angle is TN type liquid crystal display cells beyond 90 °, as long as determine frictional direction according to the mode of the length direction quadrature in the direction of orientation of the liquid crystal molecule that makes unit central authorities and slit.

The liquid crystal display cells of the 5th embodiment～the 7th embodiment is the visuognosis liquid crystal display device with excellent of direction parallel with directions X or the direction parallel with the Y direction.And directions X and Y direction are divided into laterally reaching of " 1 " character respectively and indulge (highly) direction in the viewing area.In addition, directions X is the direction parallel with the display part left and right directions of liquid crystal display cells.

Directions X, Y direction for example are respectively that people's the high direction of visual sensitivity is horizontal direction, vertical direction.On ground or with ground is that these directions are horizontal direction, vertical direction in the liquid crystal display cells of benchmark placement.In addition, in the liquid crystal display cells of vehicle mounted, for example be horizontal direction, the vertical direction of car.

So far, illustrated that the liquid crystal display cells of described first～the 7th embodiment improves the situation of visuognosis.But, can consider embodiment with at least two kinds of combinations of described embodiment as other embodiment.Below these embodiment are described.

(the 8th embodiment)

With reference to Figure 19 A and Figure 19 B.Figure 19 A is the planimetric map of the slit figure of the liquid crystal display cells of expression the 8th embodiment.The 8th embodiment has the gap characteristic same with first embodiment, and the angle that horizontal direction or vertical direction become with the length direction in slit (is being preferably illustrated 45 °) more than 20 °, below 70 °.

Figure 19 B is the axial planimetric map that sees through of the polarization plates of expression the 8th embodiment.As shown in the figure, polarization plates is cross Nicols configuration, and seeing through direction of principal axis is (to be preferably parallel below 20 ° with respect to the horizontal direction or the vertical direction of viewing area.In the drawings, the direction of principal axis that sees through of upside polarization plates be laterally, the downside polarization plates be vertical through direction of principal axis.Also can be opposite situation).

(the 9th embodiment)

With reference to Figure 20 A and Figure 20 B.Figure 20 A is the planimetric map of the slit figure of the liquid crystal display cells of expression the 9th embodiment.The 9th embodiment has the gap characteristic identical with the 3rd embodiment, and the angle that horizontal direction or vertical direction become with the length direction in slit is (to be preferably illustrated 45 °) more than 20 °, below 70 °.

Figure 20 B is the axial planimetric map that sees through of the polarization plates of expression the 9th embodiment.As shown in the figure, the configuration of polarization plates and identical with the 8th embodiment through direction of principal axis.

(the tenth embodiment)

With reference to Figure 21 A and Figure 21 B.Figure 21 A is the planimetric map of the slit figure of the liquid crystal display cells of expression the tenth embodiment.The tenth embodiment has the gap characteristic same with the 4th embodiment, and the angle that horizontal direction or vertical direction become with the length direction in slit is (to be preferably illustrated 45 °) more than 20 °, below 70 °.

Figure 21 B is the axial planimetric map that sees through of the polarization plates of expression the tenth embodiment.As shown in the figure, the configuration of polarization plates and identical with the 8th embodiment or the 9th embodiment through direction of principal axis.

The liquid crystal display cells of the 8th embodiment～the tenth embodiment also can expect to improve the effect of visuognosis.In addition, the 8th embodiment～the tenth embodiment can be suitable for vertical orientated LCD, TN-LCD both sides.

Use embodiment to describe the present invention above, but the present invention is not limited to this.For example, can consider structure with any one and the 6th embodiment in first embodiment～the 4th embodiment and first variation～the 4th variation combination.Briefly, adopt with first embodiment～the 4th embodiment and first variation～the 4th variation in any one identical slit figure, and the liquid crystal layer use has the liquid crystal of twisting resistance.Polarization plates is the cross Nicols configuration, and seeing through direction of principal axis is (to be preferably parallel below 20 ° with respect to horizontal direction or orthogonal directions.In the drawings, the direction of principal axis that sees through of upside polarization plates be laterally, the downside polarization plates be vertical through direction of principal axis.But also can be opposite situation).

In addition, the present invention also can be suitable for the liquid crystal display cells with segment type and the combination of simple matrix type.

In addition, also can carry out various changes, improvement, combination etc., these are very clear for a person skilled in the art.

Claims (19)

1. liquid crystal display cells, it has:

First substrate, second substrate of relative configuration;

First transparency electrode, second transparency electrode, it is formed on the apparent surface of described first substrate, second substrate, forms the figure of regulation for demonstration, and across the gap and relatively;

Liquid crystal layer, it is by described first substrate, the second substrate clamping; And

A plurality of slits, it is formed on going up separately of described first transparency electrode, second transparency electrode and long in one direction, it comprises: be arranged on first slit on this first transparency electrode rectangularly and be arranged on second slit on this second transparency electrode abreast with this first slit rectangularly, the alternately configuration on its short direction of this first slit and this second slit, and the length of the length direction in this second slit is longer than this first slit.

2. liquid crystal display cells as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, in the viewing area of being divided by described first transparency electrode, second transparency electrode, described second slit is continuous on length direction.

3. liquid crystal display cells as claimed in claim 1 or 2 is characterized in that, the size in described first slit is, is about 2 times～about 33 times of described gap on the length direction, is about 1 times～about 3.3 times of this gap on the short direction.

4. liquid crystal display cells as claimed in claim 3, it is characterized in that, the gap length of the length direction in described first slit is about 1 times～about 5.5 times of described gap, the short direction in the slit in described first slit and described second slit be spaced apart about 1 times～about 6.6 times of this gap.

5. liquid crystal display cells as claimed in claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that described first transparency electrode, second transparency electrode comprise: be formed on a side the regulation area of described first substrate, second substrate common electrode and at the segment electrode that on the part of the area relative, forms on the opposing party's the substrate with described common electrode.

6. liquid crystal display cells as claimed in claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that, described first transparency electrode, second transparency electrode comprise: common electrode that is made of a plurality of strip shaped electric poles and the segment electrode that is made of a plurality of strip shaped electric poles that intersect with described a plurality of common electrodes, common electrode is the simple matrix type that constitutes the pixel portions that shows with (point) portion of intersecting of segment electrode, and the length direction in described first slit, second slit is parallel with the bar direction of described first or second transparency electrode.

7. liquid crystal display cells as claimed in claim 6 is characterized in that, described second slit is arranged on the strip shaped electric poles parallel with the length direction in described slit.

8. liquid crystal display cells as claimed in claim 6, it is characterized in that, the short direction in described slit is parallel with the bar direction of described second or first transparency electrode, on each of described pixel (point) portion, the slit of the end of the short direction in described slit is arranged on the transparency electrode parallel with the short direction in this slit.

9. liquid crystal display cells as claimed in claim 1 or 2 is characterized in that,

Described first transparency electrode, second transparency electrode are active array types, and it has:

The rectangular a plurality of pixel electrodes that are configured to by the active component driving; And

With the apparent surface of the substrate opposing substrates that is formed with described pixel electrode on form and to a plurality of pixel electrodes general current electrode.

10. liquid crystal display cells as claimed in claim 9 is characterized in that, described second slit is arranged on the described current electrode.

11. liquid crystal display cells as claimed in claim 9, it is characterized in that, on each of pixel (point) part that the relative part of described pixel electrode and described current electrode is divided, the slit of the end of the short direction in described slit is arranged on the described current electrode.

12. liquid crystal display cells as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, has a pair of polarization plates, this a pair of polarization plates is arranged on separately and the opposition side described liquid crystal layer one side of clamping of described first substrate, second substrate, and the direction of principal axis that sees through of at least one side's polarization plates is below 20 ° with the angle that horizontal direction or vertical direction became of demonstration.

13. liquid crystal display cells as claimed in claim 12 is characterized in that, the horizontal direction of demonstration or vertical direction are more than 20 °, below 70 ° with the angle that length direction became in described slit.

14. a liquid crystal display cells, it has:

First substrate, second substrate of relative configuration;

Liquid crystal layer, it is clamped between described first substrate, second substrate;

First transparency electrode, second transparency electrode, it clips described liquid crystal layer and overlaps each other, and divides the viewing area;

A plurality of slits, it is formed on going up separately of described first transparency electrode, second transparency electrode and long in one direction, it comprises: be arranged on first slit on this first transparency electrode rectangularly and be arranged on second slit on this second transparency electrode abreast, the alternately configuration on its short direction of this first slit and this second slit with this first slit rectangularly; And

A pair of polarization plates, it is arranged on separately and the opposition side described liquid crystal layer one side of clamping of described first substrate, second substrate, and the direction of principal axis that sees through of at least one side's polarization plates is below 20 ° with the angle that horizontal direction or vertical direction became of demonstration.

15. liquid crystal display cells as claimed in claim 14 is characterized in that, the horizontal direction of demonstration or vertical direction are more than 20 °, below 70 ° with the angle that length direction became in described slit.

16. liquid crystal display cells as claimed in claim 14 is characterized in that, the horizontal direction of demonstration or vertical direction are parallel direction or vertical direction with the length direction in described slit, and described liquid crystal layer is vertical orientated, and it comprises the liquid crystal molecule with twisting resistance.

17. each the described liquid crystal display cells as in the claim 14～16 is characterized in that the length of the length direction in described second slit is longer than this first slit.

18. liquid crystal display cells as claimed in claim 17, it is characterized in that, described first transparency electrode, second transparency electrode are the simple matrix types, and it comprises: common electrode that a plurality of strip shaped electric poles constituted and a plurality of strip shaped electric poles that intersect with described common electrode.

19. liquid crystal display cells as claimed in claim 17 is characterized in that, described first transparency electrode, second transparency electrode are active array types, and it has:

Be configured to rectangular a plurality of pixel electrodes by what active component drove separately; And

With the apparent surface of the substrate opposing substrates that is formed with described pixel electrode on form to a plurality of pixel electrodes general current electrode.

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