CN1009916B - Anaerobic purification apparatus for waste-water - Google Patents

Abstract

In an anaerobic purification apparatus for wastewater, a large quantity of gas and floating residues generated by fermentation are collected by at least one additional collecting system (5) before wastewater reaches the top of a reactor. The system is arranged at some distance under a system (6) which is usually connected under overflow tanks (2, 23) used for collecting purified water. A system (5) is hydraulically connected with one or a plurality of rising pipes (7, 7', 27, 32 and 31) and lifts the mixture of liquid and the residues by the action of gas. The rising pipes are concentrated to a separating device (8), and one or a plurality of falling pipes (9 and 29) used for leading back the separated liquid and the residues extend to the bottom of the reactor the place. As a result, the capacitance of the apparatus is increased by the stability of the top and the disturbance of the bottom.

Description

Anaerobic purification apparatus for waste-water

The present invention relates to the anaerobic purification apparatus of waste water, this equipment comprises the overflow groove of a container that has a reaction chamber that ferments therein, at least one comes collection and purification by overflow water and is installed in a gathering system under the overflow groove plane, is used for collecting and gets rid of gas in the liquid.

At first, make and contain organic waste water through handling so together, promptly, organism is resolved into may be dissolved in the material in the water, particularly lipid acid then, under anaerobic contacts pretreated water with the grainy sludge that contains the microorganism that produces methane, the methane that generates separates from the liquid that still contains residue, and said process is known.Treated water (effluent) is discharged by overflow.Concerning anaerobically fermenting, the theoretical residence time of liquid in reactor is by turbulent flow and comprise that the equipment total volume of settling pocket decides.Under the condition that has enough residues, the best residence time of liquid in reactor, except that other condition, also the chemical oxygen demand concentration by waste water determines.Have now found that the residence time is under the condition of several hrs, purification can reach 90%.Detergent power is remained on the delay that above-mentioned degree also depends on residue for a long time.Especially, note guaranteeing the no more than quantity that in the period of determining, can generate of residue of average outflow reactor.Has low chemical oxygen demand concentration if in fluid, adopt high velocity turbulent flow, the great risk that settling vessel can't stop a large amount of residues to be rushed out in will taking place.At this point, magnitude of load that important factor is exactly the fluid surface of settling vessel.

Because the mixture density of residue particles, waste water and small bubbles in settling pocket in the density of settled residual substances and the reactor is different, so the part deposited material is agitated.This turbulent result is the excessive residue meeting outflow reactor that makes the reactor topmost.Like this, also can make a large amount of methane infiltrate residue particles, make particle become lighter than surrounding liquid.This is the stowage capacity of limited reactions device greatly.

Can learn " the gas rising recirculation " of sedimentation material from No. 82.01293 patent applications of Holland, control by in gas collection chamber, producing surplus pressure.According to this application, the required surplus pressure of above-mentioned circulation mostly is 30% of static pressure in the reactor most.Therefore, above-mentioned measure guaranteed stable material can with since the overflow that produces of unsteered gas evolution not discharge.The defective of this method is just to need the device of keeping pressure owing to adopt these class methods, thereby, need increase cost greatly.

The object of the invention is to provide a kind of reactor, wherein, need in reactor, not produce the good control of surplus pressure with regard to obtaining gas is risen, can obtain undisturbed liquid stream at the reactor topmost simultaneously, so just increase the bearing capacity of equipment, can promote the rheomorphism of reactor bottom reactant again.

According to the present invention, have at least an additional gathering system of collecting gas and floating residue to be installed in place spaced apart under the gathering system (6) for this purpose, this spare system and at least one upcast constitute waterpower and are connected and are used for by gas lift effect lifting residue liquid mixture, and above-mentioned upcast stretches into the tripping device of a divided gas flow and liquid.

Because gas and floating residue are to be lower than that liquid level place quite far away is collected and further by upcast or riser tube transmission, can to obtain undisturbed liquid stream basically at the reactor topmost.So just increased bearing capacity.At container top, can obtain limpid fluid again.

Important problem is to be carried to together with gas to rise or the floating residue of riser tube is separated and Returning reactor again.When needing a steadily no turbulent liquid to flow in reactor head, just need residue and liquid good mixing thing at reactor bottom.For this reason, must make heavy residue become fluid.

In preferred embodiment of the present invention, this kind rheomorphism is to obtain by the energy that gas in upcast or the riser tube rises at reactor bottom, only needs to have from the separate chamber at least one downspout conductor that draws back liquid after the separation and residue to extend to the bottom of reaction chamber.

Gas must with the foam separation of carrying secretly.For this reason, essential froth breaker divided gas flow and the foam of using, froth breaker be communicated on the tripping device and have an outlet connection, be used for the liquid after separating is guided on the above-mentioned drop pipe.

Preferably gathering system (6) also is connected in the above-mentioned tripping device.

Additional gathering system must as far as possible all collect gas and floating residue must be downloaded to it in rising or the riser tubing simultaneously, and ascending liquid must not be too quickened in the contraction of the cross section of pipeline.Especially, this acceleration itself will produce disturbance in reactor head.According to the present invention, above-mentioned requirements is because above-mentioned at least additional collection system has the baffle plate of many storied placements, and the cross-sectional area that every layer of baffle plate all has certain biasing and each a layer baffle plate with respect to one deck baffle plate down accounts at most that 55% of total cross-sectional area satisfies.

In a sizable reaction vessel, can include multiple pipeline in to save the spatial mode, if in container, have many with above-mentioned gathering system in be used for transmitting liquid juice pipeline and at least one upcast that drop pipe is alternate to overflow groove, then various pipelines should be sexangle and adjacent to each other with honeycomb structure.

Below with reference to accompanying drawings the present invention is explained in detail that wherein two typical embodiment figure substantially.

Fig. 1 is the vertical cross-section diagram of first embodiment.

Fig. 2 is the enlarged view of the details of the gathering system that is used for collecting gas and floating residue among this embodiment.

Fig. 3 is the orthographic plan of gathering system among Fig. 2.

Fig. 4 is the vertical cross-section diagram of second embodiment.

Fig. 5 is along the horizontal sectional view of V-V line among Fig. 4.

The anaerobic purification apparatus that Fig. 1 to Fig. 3 represents comprises a high container 1, an inlet 2 is set so that fluid enters in the container bottom.Near the container upper limb effluent groove 3 is housed, this groove links to each other with a water shoot 4.Two gathering systems 5 and 6 of collecting gas and floating residue are housed in the container, each system is made up of the baffle plate that is contained in four layers of 5a, b, c, d and 6a, b, c, d respectively, and baffle plate constitutes certain scarp with respect to the direction of center upcast 7.

At work, fermentation mainly produces by the contact between solute in residue particles and the water such as lipid acid, the methane that rises under the reactor bottom anaerobic condition, and a part of residue particles has absorbed a large amount of methane makes its liquid around being lighter than of becoming.For obtain stably at the reactor topmost, undisturbed liquid and guarantee in fact residue not by fluid removal, on a certain horizontal plane that is significantly less than overflow groove 3, a gathering system is housed, this system imports upcast 7 with gas and floating residue.In pipe 7, gas of collecting by system 5 and residue enter at last the pipe 7 that is contained in 7 open sections of the pipes ' narrow section.The gas that gathering system 6 guidings are collected and some foams of possibility enter open section of pipe 7.Parts 7 and 7 ' material is entered in the separate chamber 8, liquids and gases are separated in the separate chamber.Liquid accumulates in separator 8 bottoms and flows to reactor bottom by drop pipe 9.Pipe 12 reaches on the defoamer 11 from separate chamber 8, and residue and liquid are separated from the gas in pipe.The liquid that has residue is guided in the drop pipe 9 by managing 10.

Because gas is got rid of from liquid, the liquid column in the pipe 9 is just heavy than its liquid on every side in the reactor.In other words, quite strong falling water flow produces in pipe 9, and it stirs the quite heavy residue of reactor bottom.In addition, isolating residue comes back to reactor bottom.Therefore, current stabilization and heavy residue and the fluid of reactor bottom that adopts simple method just can obtain reactor head mixed fully by stirring.

Gathering system 5 and 6 structure make cross section shrink and the fluid acceleration that produces is restricted greatly.Fig. 2 and Fig. 3 have shown that each layer at 5a, 5b, 5c and 5d is equipped with two gas baffles, and two gas baffles are occupied half less than cross-sectional area on each plane.The baffle plate of adjoining course overlaps each other, and four layers of baffle plate cover entire cross section together and amass.The cross-sectional area of the reactor that the individual layer baffle plate is occupied should not surpass 55% of total cross-sectional area.Preferably less (for example, being less than 50%).The profile of each baffle plate is shown among Fig. 3 with the reference number of corresponding each layer.

Might be in conjunction with forming a big reaction vessel according to Fig. 1, a plurality of embodiment of 2 and 3.

Fig. 4 and Fig. 5 have shown second embodiment.Wherein, reactor has bigger cross-sectional area and has loaded many sexangle pipes.Reactor vessel is by 21 expressions, and the fluid input aperture is 22, and annular spout is that 23 to flow out owner's waste pipe be 24.Groove 23 and main waste pipe 24 are interconnection by pipe 25.

In container, arranging 26, three sexangle upcasts 27 that are bound up of about 15 sexangle reactor tubes and a center sexangle pipe 28.One drop pipe 29 is housed in this device, compares with 28 with sexangle pipe 26,27, this pipe almost reaches the bottom of reactor 21.Pipe 26,27 and 28 is arranged into the honeycombed structure.

In each reactor tube 26, all has the gas gathering system 5 and 6 on two different heights.That describes among these gathering systems and Fig. 1,2 and 3 is the same, has identical structure and identical position each other.Gas gathering system 5 in relatively low position is directed to upcast 7 with gas and the floating residue of collecting, and this pipe makes pipe connecting 30 become narrow.One or more pipe connectings 30 are connected on the upcast 27 that is bound up.In the upcast 27 that connects the quite little pipe of a cross section 31 is housed, this pipe is connected on the pipe 27 by junctor 32.Each root of three pipes 31 its upper edge all beam go into 33, three separate chambers, separate chamber 33 and link to each other with froth breaker 35 by pipe connecting 34 and pass through pipe connecting 36 and link to each other with funnel 37, center drop pipe 29 extends downwards along funnel.Froth breaker has pneumatic outlet 38 and liquid discharge outlet 39.

In addition, pipe is collected gas foam and it is inducted into the gas gathering system 40 of upcast having one.Pipe 28 seals above system 40.

Gas gathering system 6 is positioned at each reactor tube 26, is right after below the annular overflow trough 23 of discharging effluent.Gas that these systematic collections are detained and foam also import the upcast 7 that extends to gas, liquid trap 41 with their.Isolating fluid is transferred to drop pipe 29 by managing 42 and one separate chamber 33 that connects in separator.The gas that obtains and the mixed gases of froth breaker 35.

In than Fig. 1,2 and 3 in the how assorted reactor of device, gas and floating residue can remove that to make in reactor tube 26 topmost portion all be that steady fluid and the effluent that does not in fact contain residue can flow into groove 23 by gathering system 5 and pipe 27,32,31 from reactor tube 26 on quite low plane.In addition, will be stirred by the heavier relatively liquid that flows downward that falls pipe 29 that passes through at the heavier residue of reactor bottom from the funnel 37 that connects.As a result, the mixing of fluid and residue is greatly improved.Unnecessary or even gas motion potential energy danger at the reactor top is used for producing necessary mixing and the fluidisation in reactor bottom zone.

Within the scope of the invention, might carry out various improvement.Diagram and the embodiment that describes only are usefulness for example.All embodiment have its common ground, and floating residue just is collected before arriving reactor head and is used for by recirculation flow acquisition mixing and the necessary stirring of fluidisation for sufficient at reactor bottom by the potential energy that rises the separated from the gas and heavier relatively liquid column of effect promotion liquid upwards under the gas in water treatment promptly to have a large amount of gas to emit also during the fermentation.The power that produces in reactor head has taken the bottom to.The bearing capacity of reactor is owing to increase greatly at the current stabilization at top and the stirring of bottom.The special construction of the gas baffle of repeatedly taking of each layer biasing is well collected gas and floating residue and can not be produced significant liquid acceleration.

Claims (5)

1, the anaerobic purification apparatus of waste water comprises that one has the reactor chamber (1 that ferments therein, 21), one imports the device (2 of reactor chamber with fluid, 22), at least one comes the overflow groove (3 of the water of collection and purification by overflow, 23), one collection and eliminating are from the gathering system (6) of the gas of liquid, this apparatus characteristic is that at least one additional collection system (5) of collecting gas and floating residue is installed in and is lower than gathering system (6) a distance, spare system (5) at least with a upcast (7,7 ', 27,32,31) constituting waterpower connects, promote the residue liquid mixture by the gas effect of increasing, above-mentioned riser beam is in a tripping device (8,33) with divided gas flow and liquid, the liquid after at least one is led back and separates and the drop pipe (9 of residue, 29), from above-mentioned tripping device (8,33) extend to the foot of reactor chamber.

2,, be characterised in that on tripping device (8,33), connecting a divided gas flow and foamy froth breaker (11,35) that froth breaker has an outlet makes isolating liquid flow into above-mentioned drop pipe (9,29) according to the anaerobic purification apparatus of claim 1.

3,, be characterised in that gathering system (6) also is connected with above-mentioned tripping device (8,33) according to the anaerobic purification apparatus of claim 1 or 2.

4, according to the anaerobic purification apparatus of claim 1, be characterised in that described at least additional collection system (5) has the baffle plate of many storied placements, every layer baffle plate accounts for 55% of total cross-sectional area at most with respect to the cross-sectional area that the baffle plate that is adjacent has certain biasing and baffle plate to occupy.

5, according to the anaerobic purification apparatus of claim 1, be characterised in that the upcast of many connections (27) is arranged in container (1), this pipe is crisscross arranged with the pipe (26) that above-mentioned gathering system (5,6) is housed, the liquid that purifies with transmission is to overflow groove (23), and having at least one downspout conductor (28), various pipes (26,27,28) all are sexangles and adjoin each other into honeycomb structure.

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