CN1009848B

CN1009848B - Down hole drill improvement

Info

Publication number: CN1009848B
Application number: CN 87100447
Authority: CN
Inventors: 约瑟夫·罗伯特·迪茨格
Original assignee: Ingersoll Rand Co
Current assignee: Ingersoll Rand Co
Priority date: 1987-01-22
Filing date: 1987-01-22
Publication date: 1990-10-03
Also published as: CN87100447A

Abstract

The present invention discloses a rock-drilling fluid impacting tool generally used for drilling down holes. The tool is introduced in a US patent NO. 4, 084, 646 assigned to the Ingersoll-Rand Company and granted to Ewald. H. Coulter. The improvement of the present invention enhances the performance of drilling deep holes by providing a device for storing the reflux compressed air of a piston so as to enter a moving air pit on the piston. Therefore, the volumetric capacity of the front end of the piston is effectively increased, and the air cushion action in the front of the piston is reduced so as to increase impact force. The method is particularly effective when the back pressure in a deep hole operation is increased.

Description

Down hole drill improvement

Down-the-hole drill is the known technology of common people.Wherein a kind of such rig is introduced and was narrated in 4,084, No. 646 patents of the U.S., this patent is to authorize Ewald H Ku Erte, and has transferred Ingersoll-Rand Co.(I-R).The manual of that patent and accompanying drawing are used as the basic rig that the present invention uses and the description references data of similar rig thereon.

The objective of the invention is to increase the dischargeable capacity of impact piston front end, and do not increase the diameter of rig.

Other purpose of the present invention is to reduce the back pressure that the impact piston of down-the-hole drill bears, so that improve rig deep hole operating efficiency.

The present invention also has another purpose to provide a kind of impact piston, and it has diameter diminution part to divide the storage chamber that has formed pressure fluid, and it moves together with piston, and can not make piston depart from its traffic direction.

Another object of the present invention provides a kind of down-the-hole drill, increases operating efficiency when the deep hole operation stands higher back pressure, and does not increase the diameter of rig.

These purposes and other purposes are to realize that by a kind of impact drill of valveless it includes:

Sleeve pipe; Being positioned at the sleeve pipe rear end is used for the back head of rig with drilling rod group and the binding of pressure fluid source of supply; A current divider that is positioned at sleeve pipe near the rear end of sleeve pipe; A front end that is placed in sleeve pipe, the impulse member of formation one chamber between current divider and the impulse member in sleeve pipe, the rear end of this chamber is near current divider, and front end is near impulse member; One is placed in the chamber and near the sleeve of the rear end of chamber; First pressure fluid channel that the pressure fluid source of supply is communicated with chamber that between sleeve pipe and sleeve, forms; One is placed in the chamber, and makes axially reciprocating within it, implements to hit the piston above impulse member; Piston is sliding-contact at rear end and the sleeve near chamber, and in front end piston and sleeve pipe sliding-contact near chamber; The fluid of exerting pressure continuously is to the selected part of piston rear end, thereby provides continuous driving force on piston, makes it the device near the chamber front end; One be used for alternately supplying with the blowdown presssure fluid to the selected part of surveying near the piston one of chamber rear end with near the selected part of the piston opposite side of chamber front end, thereby make the device of reciprocating motion of the pistons; Above-mentionedly be used for alternately supplying and the device of blowdown presssure fluid to the rear end of piston, it comprises second pressure fluid channel of the inside and the extension of piston outside from first pressure fluid channel along sleeve.

Improvements have comprised:

One is used in the part of piston storing the device of additional pressure fluid with the forward end diffusion, and the device that the device that will store the pressure fluid that adds is communicated with first pressure fluid channel.

Fig. 1 is the longitudinal sectional view according to the aeratic hidden hole rock drill middle body of prior art.

Fig. 2 is the longitudinal sectional view according to aeratic hidden hole rock drill middle body of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is the crosscut sectional view that the rock drill of prior art among Fig. 1 obtains by the 3-3 section.

Fig. 4 is the crosscut sectional view that the rock drill according to prior art obtains by the 4-4 section.

Fig. 5 is the crosscut sectional view that rock drill according to the present invention obtains by the 5-5 section.

Fig. 6 is the crosscut sectional view that rock drill according to the present invention obtains by the 6-6 section.

All and the 4th, 048, No. 646 identical its labels of parts of United States Patent (USP) all are identical in the drawing, so that differentiate easily and compare.Yet, in order to understand the present invention, be necessary to know that by the general down-the-hole drill of compressed gas-driven and similar reciprocal hammering device, have in the leading space that pressure fluid enters piston, it is with the motion of limited piston when piston is in to down stroke.If this phenomenon appears at before piston impacts, as the phenomenon that takes place in the patent as a reference, this will reduce obtainable maximum impact force.

In valveless rig as a reference, pressure fluid some overlappings or that be directed into the piston leading space previously is that the valid function circulation is desired, and the present invention proposes the restriction before reducing to impact.A kind of method that can finish this task is to increase effectively with the relevant volume of the leading space of impact piston.Because this volume must be compressed, this just needs the pressure fluid of bigger flow to realize identical back pressure.Since pressure fluid be flowing in the restriction that is subjected to the down-the-hole drill project organization in a way, this produces effective time lag when just causing reaching total head below the piston.This delay causes piston impact power to increase, and keeps the required overlapping pressure fluid of cycling simultaneously.Top speak of be particularly useful for the deep hole operation, because of its discharging back pressure is in esse, and therefore made piston leading space gas pressure higher relatively.

The rock drill longitudinal sectional drawing of Fig. 1 has shown according to United States Patent (USP) 4,048, the associated components of No. 646 down-the-hole pneumatic drilling machine.

In brief, compressed air flows through the brill mouth 63 in the sleeve 50 in this pneumatic drilling machine, enters the annular channel 52 between sleeve 50 outsides and sleeve pipe 6 inboards.

Then compressed air flows into the chamber 64 between piston 30 outsides and the sleeve pipe 6 forward.This is one " air reservoir ", because often leave pressure fluid in this chamber, and flows to the upper chamber 68 of piston or the lower chambers 69 of piston from compressed air here.Before compressed air was turned on, piston was in its extreme lower position (as shown in Figure 1), and compressed air flows through and enters lower chambers 69, applied an active force on the following impact transfer surface 40 of piston 30, and driven plunger moves upward towards one end or entrance point.Air for continuous charges into lower chambers 69 or volume V 1, and is collected between piston 30, bore bit 8, sleeve pipe 6 and the spacer ring 13, until the lower sealing surface of sleeve pipe, just touches shoulder 87 until knuckle 86.When this situation occurred, compressed air interrupted leading to lower chambers 69.Yet, relying on compressed-air actuated air velocity and expansion in bottom chamber, piston continues up to move.Because piston rises, the lower sealing surface of the axial hole 42 of piston 30 is drawn back the end that breaks away from delivery pipe 23.At this moment, the compressed air in lower chambers 69 is disposed to bore bit 8, and flows into discharge orifice 67.

When above-mentioned situation when the lower end of piston is proceeded, produce other situations in the upper end of piston.At first when the lower end of enlarged head 66 of drain lever 65 of current divider was gone up in sealing surface 43 engagement of piston axial hole, upper chamber 68 was sealed.And then, when the knuckle 88 of piston fluting 36 was not covered with the shoulder 89 of undercutting 80 in the sleeve 50, pressure fluid flowed into upper chamber 68 via axially grooved 33.Compressed air enters upper chamber 68, at first stops move upward (approximately only differ from one inch and run into current divider) of piston, is the motion of piston of turning round then, and promotes its and quicken to travel forward.When the knuckle 88 of piston fluting 36 is covered with the shoulder 89 of undercutting 80, the pressure fluid that flows to upper chamber 68 interrupts.From this time, piston is by the expansion driven of pressure fluid.Make piston continue to impact forward, when the increasing termination 66 of sealing surface 43 and current divider drain lever disengaged, the compressed air in the upper chamber 68 passed piston and enters delivery pipe 23 outflow bore bits; And at the other end, the knuckle of the lower sealing surface 39 of piston 30 and the shoulder 87 of sleeve pipe lower seal 37 disengage again, and at this moment, compressed air enters lower chambers 69 again.At last, piston 30 impacts bore bit 8.Piston can rebound a little.Like this, compressed air enters lower chambers again, begins to carry out next one circulation.

As what can recognize by the well-trained personage of art technology, in case the knuckle of lower sealing surface 39 and shoulder 87 disengage, compressed air begins to enter lower chambers, because the masterpiece that compressed air produces is used in the result who impacts transfer surface 40 under the piston, piston 30 reduces speed now.Cause the loss of energy like this, therefore wish to reduce the pressure of formation in chamber 69.

The present invention has reduced the pressure of formation in chamber 69.As shown in Figure 2, piston 30 provides the undercutting 100 of circumference, and it has formed a volume V 2, is used for storing pressure fluid.The shoulder 34 of prior-art devices, outer before expansion forms a upward circumferential sealing face 101, with following circumferential sealing face 39 identical diameter arranged.

The inboard of sleeve pipe, the vertical passage 102 of fluting processing has been lengthened out, and plays same function; The knuckle 86 of sealing surface 101 in shoulder 87 ' cooperation ', as the action of shoulder in the prior art 87 and knuckle 86, and be in roughly synchronization on the cycle period separately.

Fig. 3 and Fig. 6 have compared respectively the drawing in side sectional elevation that is obtained along 3-3 hatching line and 6-6 hatching line by Fig. 1 and Fig. 2.

Fig. 4 and Fig. 5 have compared the drawing in side sectional elevation that is obtained piston respectively by Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 along 4-4 hatching line and 5-5 hatching line.At the clear piston diameter that has reduced that shows of Fig. 5, it has formed volume V 2.

The professional person of this area can recognize like this, in case last sealing surfaces 101 and shoulder 87 ' disengage, in order to produce pressure, pressure fluid or compressed air must be full of two volume V 1 and V2.Compressed-air actuated flow is given, and the formation of gross pressure is postponed, and therefore reduces the resistance on the piston, increases the impact of bore bit upper piston significantly.

This effect is obvious especially in the deep hole operation, and this is because back pressure or blowdown presssure have reduced the impact of piston during the deep hole operation, and the leading space volume that is used to increase during the deep hole operation and the compressed air that increases a little is to be of value to blowing off boring.

Those skilled in the art will find out many modification according to the present invention of by the agency of, so the present invention is not limited by other except that the restriction that is subjected to claims.

Claims

1, a kind of improved impact drill of valveless type that is used for down-the-hole boring, comprising having:

A sleeve pipe;

Rear end that is positioned at above-mentioned sleeve pipe is used for back head that rig is connected with the pressure fluid source of supply with the drilling rod group;

A current divider that is positioned at above-mentioned sleeve pipe near the above-mentioned rear end of above-mentioned sleeve pipe;

A front end that is placed in above-mentioned sleeve pipe, the impulse member of formation one chamber between above-mentioned current divider in above-mentioned sleeve pipe and the impulse member, the rear end of this chamber is near above-mentioned current divider, and front end is near above-mentioned impulse member;

One is placed in the above-mentioned chamber, and the sleeve of the above-mentioned rear end of approaching above-mentioned chamber;

First pressure fluid channel that the pressure fluid source of supply is communicated with above-mentioned chamber that between above-mentioned sleeve pipe and above-mentioned sleeve, forms;

One is placed in the above-mentioned chamber, and makes axially reciprocating within it, implements to hit the piston above impulse member; Above-mentioned piston is sliding-contact at above-mentioned rear end and the above-mentioned sleeve near above-mentioned chamber, and in above-mentioned front end and above-mentioned sleeve pipe sliding-contact near above-mentioned chamber;

The extremely selected part of the above-mentioned rear end of above-mentioned piston of fluid of exerting pressure continuously, thereby provide continuous driving force on above-mentioned piston, to make it the device of the above-mentioned front end of approaching above-mentioned chamber;

One be used for alternately supplying with the blowdown presssure fluid near the selected part of above-mentioned piston one side of above-mentioned chamber rear end with near the selected part of the above-mentioned piston opposite side of above-mentioned chamber front end, therefore make the device of above-mentioned reciprocating motion of the pistons;

Above-mentioned be used for alternately supplying and the blowdown presssure fluid to the device of the above-mentioned rear end of above-mentioned piston, it comprises a inside and the outside of above-mentioned piston second pressure fluid channel of extending from above-mentioned first pressure fluid channel along above-mentioned sleeve;

It is characterized in that:

Include one with the part of the piston of above-mentioned sleeve pipe sliding-contact in annular undercutting and a vertical passage along the inwall of above-mentioned sleeve pipe, above-mentioned vertical passage is communicated with above-mentioned annular undercutting and above-mentioned first pressure fluid channel selectively.