CN1008992B - Prime mover of self-propulsion tractive vehicle - Google Patents

Abstract

In a diesel-electric locomotive, the power demand of electrically driven auxiliary equipment is automatically increased in response to the temperature of the diesel engine falling to an undesirably low level so as to load the engine when idling and thereby cause it to produce extra heat which prevents abnormal wear and excessive fuel consumption.

Description

Prime mover of self-propulsion tractive vehicle

The present invention relates to the engine installation of self-propelled traction vehicle and lubricating oil and the speed control system relevant, relate more specifically to be used for protecting primary mover, make it the device of when the lubricating oil system superpressure, avoiding damaging with them.In general, what the present invention relates to is towing vehicle, and the locomotive of pyrogen motivation for example is housed; More particularly, what relate to is the fuel oil economy system, and this device is used for protecting primary mover to make it the unusual wearing and tearing of unlikely generation when zero load.

Large-scale self-propelled formula towing vehicle, for example locomotive normally removes to drive an electric actuator with a pyrogen motivation, and this driving device comprises the power generation assembly that electric current is provided to a plurality of dc traction motors.The rotor of these motors is coupled to corresponding wheel-axle group in this vehicle by reducing gear, and they are driven.Power generation assembly generally comprises a traction with main three-phase traction alternating current generator, is attached to the output shaft of primary mover (being typically one 16 cylinder turbo-diesel engine) its rotor mechanical.When exciting current was added on the magnetic field winding of the rotor that is rotating, the threephase stator winding of alternating current generator just produced alternating voltage, and these voltages are added to the armature loop of traction electric machine after by rectification.

When locomotive is in " running state " or when drive pattern was worked, the diesel motor of locomotive can provide constant power, it gets the position of bits throttle and condition on every side, and irrelevant with the speed of locomotive.In order to reach peak performance, just must suitably control the electromotive power output of traction, so that locomotive can utilize the output of whole driving engines with alternating current generator.For the ease of driving train, the power output of medium level is provided, make and might little by little bring up to full output from minimum output.But inaccurate surpassing of the load of driving engine started function developed power level.Overburden can make driving engine damage in advance, causes driving engine to pause or " rotation is obstructed " or other undesirable consequences.From historical development, locomotive control has been designed to make driving engine developed power stepping between the maximum rated horsepower of zero-sum variable, no matter and the operator select which type of power level all can automatically adapt with it by tractive load and the desired power of assistant load.

Engine horsepower is proportional to the product of cireular frequency and moment of torsion, and bent axle rotates under this cireular frequency, and moment of torsion is revolted this rotation.In order to change and regulate the amount of available output, common way is to load onto the governor of a governing speed on the driving engine of locomotive, regulate the amount of injecting the pressurized diesel machine fuel in each engine cylinder with it, make the actual speed of bent axle and desired speed adapt.Come desired speed setting in admissible scope by handling a manual joystick or throttle control handle, manual joystick or throttle control handle can be at low power position (N ₁) and maximum power position (N ₈) between eight grades in move selectively, reach the purpose of adjusting.Throttle control handle is arranged on parts on the control desk in engineer's operator's compartment.(except eight power shelves commonly used, handle also has the position of " zero load " and the position of " stopping working ").

The determining positions of throttle control handle the setting of related governor to engine speed.In a representative type speed regulator system, the output piston of electro hydraulic gear, connecting rod mechanism by a machinery is attached to a pair of movably petrolift tooth bar, and its drive, this a pair of tooth bar, alternately is coupled to a plurality of fuel charges, these pumps measure the actual speed that the fuel quantity governor that is added to engine cylinder has compared desired speed (desired by throttle position) and driving engine respectively, and its output piston drives the fuel tooth bar on demand, comes the deviation between the speed is reduced to minimum.

For each position of setting eight friction speeds, driving engine can both be exported corresponding constant horsepower (supposing that output torque is for maximum).When selecting the 8th grade of throttle, maximum speed (for example, 1,050 rev/min) and maximum rated gross horsepower (for example, 4,000 horsepowers) have been reached.In normal working conditions, the predetermined actv. engine power of each grade will with the desired power of electric propulsion system, add that some power electric and that mechanically operated accessory equipment is consumed is consistent, this electric propulsion system is powered by engine-driven main alternator.

The horsepower output of main alternator (kilovolt-ampere (KVA)) is directly proportional with the product of the effective value of voltage that produces and load current.Magnitude of voltage changes with the rotative speed of driving engine, and is the function of the exciting current value in the winding of driving engine magnetic field.In order accurately to control and adjust the amount of engine loading, general way is to adjust the field intensity of traction alternator, with the variation of compensating load and actual power and the error between the power (KVA) that requires to obtain reduce to minimum.The power that requirement obtains depends on the setting of the specific speed of driving engine.This excitation control will be set up the steady state conditions of a balance, with this understanding, for the position of each throttle control handle, can both obtain a unmodified optimum electrical power output basically.

In fact, top control diesel engine of summarizing an electric locomotive system also comprises the device that is applicable to following certain situation: surpass the device that this system's normal range of operation is controlled, and the device that engine loading is reduced in response to some temporary transient off rating, these off ratings such as the loss of adhesion of wheels, pressure reduces in lubricating oil system or the engine-cooling system, no matter or which type of speed what require in throttle position be under, load has surpassed the engine power capacity.This response generally is referred to as " reduction rated value ", and it helps locomotive to recover from above-mentioned off rating, prevents that driving engine is subjected to major injury.In addition, excitatory control system generally includes restriction or reduces the device of alternator output voltage, and this device is to be used to prevent that output voltage and load current from surpassing the predetermined the highest safety value or the limit separately.

In fact, above the locomotive summarized, will often be in such situation, that is, when locomotive stopped, throttle was in " zero load " position, and main generator does not provide electric power (being that tractive load is zero).The speed without load of the routine of this locomotive engine normally is high enough to make all engine-driven accessory equipments normally to turn round.More particularly, the no-load speed of the routine of locomotive engine is high enough to guarantee that the pressure of cooling system in the driving engine (comprising an engine-driven water pump and a plurality of radiator) is enough to cooling system conditioner is circulated by cooling vessel when needed.General about 450 rev/mins of conventional no-load speed.

Driving engine can be saved fuel oil during being in zero load in order to be in parking at locomotive, the way of knowing is as long as the cooling system conditioner comparative heat of driving engine just can be reduced to the speed of driving engine below the unloaded setting value of above-mentioned routine (for example, being reduced to " low idle running " speed of a preliminary election as 385 rev/mins).If but the temperature of cooling system conditioner drops to predetermined lower bound following (for example, approximate), driving engine will return automatically to its conventional no-load speed, thereby produces more heat.Professional in the affiliated technical field can understand, because following two different reasons, the operating temperature of diesel motor must be at some more than the nadir: (1) is under any given no-load speed, the consumption of engine fuel, tend to do opposite variation (at 16 cylinders with temperature, in 4,000 horsepowers the driving engine, every reduction by 10 degree of temperature approximately increase by 70%); (2) when coolant temperature is too low, the sulphur in the fuel tends to too high speed engine jacket be corroded.The extent of deterioration of the cylinder of corrosion can be controlled by following method, and driving engine is turned round under than higher no-load speed, or add the electric heating machine, and the cooling system conditioner of driving engine is heated.Because the consumption of fuel increases with engine speed, so wish significantly must shorten driving engine than hanging down the time of moving under the unloaded fast no-load speed.

Above-mentioned locomotive in practice often when stagnation of movement driving engine do not turn round yet.The lubricating oil of driving engine just might cool off when locomotive recovers to use, and height viscous, and this situation is easier generation under the condition of cold day.In case driving engine is reset, come the on-cycle lubricating oil just to need some times to heat and recover desirable low viscosity (LV) by an engine-driven pump.When engine speed increased, the speed of oil pump and the pressure in the lubricating oil system had also increased.In order to protect this not overvoltage of system, an oil relief pressure valve is housed in lubricating oil system.This valve can prevent generally that oil pressure is elevated to and may damage oil pump, filter, or on the level of oil cooler packing ring, oil cooler is arranged in the engine lubrication system.But when higher, oil relief pressure valve can be malfunctioning in oil viscosity.Too high oil pressure can be avoided by the speed of limiting engine.

So far, the operator of locomotive has obtained indication, promptly after diesel motor starting, but at locomotive before static acceleration, allow driving engine that one fore-warming time was arranged.And the operator also is cautioned, and promptly wants limit engine speed not to be higher than third gear after the starting under the cold day condition, has reached 60 ℃ until the temperature of engine cooling water.But these indications and warning can be had a mind to or by mistake be ignored.In a word, they need the exercise of people's judgment aspect.Therefore, they are to be arranged by people's error.

The objective of the invention is for self-propelled traction vehicle or similarly equipment new equipment is provided; when the primary mover of vehicle is unloaded; it can be protected primary mover to be not less than undesirable temperature effectively and keep primary mover enough heat to be arranged preventing overground damage, and is unlikely unsuitable increase is arranged aspect consumption of fuel.

The present invention also for self-propelled traction vehicle or similarly equipment the device that has improved is provided, this device is used for crossing when cold when lubricating oil, protects the lubricating oil system of primary mover to exempt from too high oil pressure.

The present invention also provides fender guard, and this device can automatically be protected the variable velocity primary mover to make it not the excessive oil pressure of reason and sustain damage.

In a kind of technical solution of the present invention is to be equipped with in locomotive: the pyrogen motivation of a variable velocity commonly used.(in one embodiment of the invention, primary mover can be a turbo-charging diesel motor), a cooling system of supplying with cooling system conditioner for primary mover, the main power generation assembly and the auxiliary generation device that mechanically drive by primary mover, a plurality of traction electric machines by main power generation assembly supplying electric current, an assistant load (comprises a plurality of variable velocities, motor-driven fan and a plurality of blowing engine, be used for separately to cooling system, power generation assembly and traction electric machine are supplied with cold wind), and output place that selectively fan and blowing engine drive motor is connected to auxiliary generation device makes it to obtain the device of electric energy.Locomotive also is equipped with a controller, this controller provides a variable velocity command signal to primary mover, one variable excited signal is provided for main power generation assembly, and these two signals are normally decided by an associated throttle, and this throttle has a no-load speed and sets and a plurality of power settings position.Primary mover is equipped with the speed control unit of the work speed that is used to regulate it, and this device is in response to speed command signal; Main power generation assembly is equipped with the magnetizer of the power output that is used to regulate it, and this device is in response to excitatory control signal.When needs cool off primary mover, power generation assembly and traction electric machine respectively, comprise that the device of controller is provided to select and control and will connect the electric specific fan and the motor of blowing engine.Temperature-detecting device is provided to be used for to detect the temperature of one section cooling system conditioner of the inlet of external irradiation device and the cooling system between the primary mover.

Unloaded override device is associated with controller, and is connected with temperature-detecting device with throttle, and this device is used for when throttle is set at no-load speed, and the prime mover speed command signal is changed as a predefined function of coolant temperature.More particularly, as long as cooling system conditioner is the range of temperatures that is in heat, the speed command signal value in fact just is lower than its conventional quiescent value, but when coolant temperature drops to a predetermined set low-level, unloaded override device just responds and plays a role, this signal is brought up to the value of " high unloaded " speed corresponding to one, and " high unloaded " speed is the conventional no-load speed that is higher than primary mover significantly.At this moment it is to quicken this process with the heats coolant that former driving engine has just produced more heat, thus the time that makes former driving engine be in " high unloaded " speed reduce to minimum, being provided with assistant load increases device.

Assistant load increases device and is associated with controller, and is connected to temperature-detecting device.In response to reducing to above-mentioned low-level coolant temperature, assistant load increases device can automatically increase the electric power that auxiliary generation device is supplied with fan and blower motor.Preferably by the traction electric machine blowing engine is moved at full speed, and no matter the cooling of traction electric machine requires to realize this function.The assistant load that has increased causes the primary mover to do more merit, thereby produces more heat.Rise to the predetermined level of resetting (approximately the low value that pre-sets than it is high by 4%) at coolant temperature, subsequently, assistant load increases device and allows the traction electric machine blowing engine to be subjected to as the needed control of normal cooling again, and unloaded override device makes the prime mover speed command signal get back to its low quiescent value.Unloaded override device and assistant load increase device jointly to the response effect of low temperature, make that the low-temperature values that pre-sets can be than low about 5 ℃ of the value in the locomotive of above-mentioned prior art, thereby cause being in stagnation of movement, and driving engine fuel saving significantly when being in light condition at locomotive.

In another technical scheme of the present invention, a variable velocity primary mover is equipped with a lubricating oil system, and it comprises the oil pump and an oil cooler of a prime mover driven.Primary mover also is equipped with the speed control unit of the work speed that is used to regulate it, and this installs in response to speed command signal.Speed command signal is produced by a controller, and this controller is connected to throttle successively, thereby the value of speed command signal under normal circumstances is that speed selection with throttle becomes.Place the temperature sensor of oil cooler deep fat one end that a signal of representing lubricating oil temperature is provided.Controller includes the maximum speed limit device, and this installs in response to oil temperature signal, is used for when detected oily temperature is lower than the minimum that presets (for example: about 32 ℃) and prevents that automatically speed command signal from surpassing a predetermined relative low value.Preferably make the maximum speed limit device can also be more than the minimum that presets and (for example be lower than a predetermined high value in response to detected, about 60 ℃) oil temperature, in order to prevent automatically that speed command signal from surpassing a predetermined intermediate value, this value is higher than above-mentioned low value, but is lower than the normal maximum size of this signal.Limit the speed of primary mover in this way,, all can avoid occurring too high oil pressure no matter just can make lubricating oil system after the primary mover starting, need how long to come oil is heated.

By following description, together with reference to the accompanying drawings, will have preferably the present invention and understand, will have more fully and know from experience for its various purposes and advantage.

Fig. 1 is the scheme drawing of the main element of locomotive propulsion system.Comprise a pyrogen motivation (for example diesel motor) among the figure, a traction is used alternating current generator, a plurality of traction electric machines, an assistant load device and a controller;

Fig. 2 is the rough schematic view of locomotive engine and the support system that attaches, and support system is supplied with burned air, lubricating oil and cooling water expansion tank;

Fig. 3 is the expansion diagram of block (single square as shown in fig. 1) of controller.The output signal that controller produces removes to control the rotative speed of driving engine respectively, the magnetic field excitation of alternating current generator, and the energy of some auxiliary electrical load is supplied with;

Fig. 4 is an equivalent circuit diagram, and this figure is the method that is used to illustrate the engine speed command signal that is produced by controller shown in Figure 3;

Fig. 5 is a diagram of circuit, has illustrated the working process in response to the preferable embodiment of the coolant temperature of the unloaded override function shown in Fig. 4 among the figure;

How Fig. 6 changes with engine coolant temperature if illustrating the unloaded speed of the driving engine that changes by Fig. 5 scheme;

Fig. 7 is the expansion scheme drawing of several blowing engines, and these blowing engines are with the part of the assistant load device of single square representative among Fig. 1;

Fig. 8 and 9 is the diagram of circuits of illustrating the working process of the preferable embodiment of coolant temperature, and this temperature is in response to by the performed blower motor speed override function of Fig. 3 controller.

Figure 10 is an equivalent circuit diagram, and this figure is used for the method that controller shown in the instruction diagram 3 produces the engine speed command signal;

Figure 11 is the working process of illustrating the preferable embodiment of maximum speed limit function shown in Figure 10.

Propulsion system shown in Fig. 1 comprises a variable velocity primary mover 11 that mechanically is connected to electrical generator 12 rotors, and electrical generator 12 is also referred to as main traction alternator, and it includes a three-phase synchronous AC generator.Be added to the ac input end of the unstable voltage power rectifier bridge 13 of at least one three-phase full-wave by the three phasevoltage of main alternator 12 generations.Electromotive power output after bridge 13 rectifications is transported to the armature loop that is connected in parallel of a plurality of dc traction motors through a direct current bus 14, has only marked two traction electric machines (15,16) wherein in Fig. 1.In fact, each axle of locomotive all is equipped with a traction electric machine, and each bogie truck has two or three axles usually, and each locomotive has two bogie trucks.At locomotive driving or during being in the mode of operation of propelling, magnetic field winding (not shown) and their armatures separately of motor are connected in series.On the other hand, also can use AC traction electric motor, in the case, between each motor and dc bus 14, can insert and suitably to control electric power converter.

In order to obtain excitation, the epitrochanterian magnetic field winding (not shown) of main alternator 12 and suitable stabilized current supply 17 link.Preferably power supply 17 comprises a three-phase bridge controlled rectifier, and the input end of this bridge rectifier obtains alternating-current voltage/AC voltage from the pilot alternator 18 of prime mover driven.Pilot alternator 18 in fact can by around with the same skeleton of main alternator 12 on an auxiliary device of three phase windings form.This power supply comprises the usual means that changes the DC current size, numerical difference between between the feedback signal V of the control signal of input on the line 19 and the output voltage average value representative of power rectifier 13 need reduce to hour, and this device can be used to change the size of the DC current in supply alternating current generator magnetic field.The voltage swing of feedback signal is the known function of field current size, and changes with the speed of primary mover 11.

Primary mover 11 is machines of a warm engine or explosive motor or equivalence.In the self-propelled diesel-electric locomotive, power generally is that the diesel motor by a high-power, turbo-charging, four stroke, 16 cylinders provides.This driving engine has the ancillary system of markd square representative among a plurality of Fig. 1.The engine exhaust that combustion air system 21 generally comprises an air in the burned air air induction conduit that is used for compression engine drives turbocharger.Lubricating oil system 22 generally comprises an engine crankshaft driving pump and related pipeline, is used for an amount of lubricating oil is transported to each moving part of driving engine.Cooling water system 23 generally includes a water-circulating pump, being used to make quite cold water to flow to lube oil cooler from a plurality of air-cooled heat exchangers or radiator circulates, in combustion process for the cylinder liner of the thermal cycle cooling water expansion tank flow direction engine that absorbs discharge, but also flowing to " intercooler ", burned air is being passed through " intercooler " afterwards by turbocharger compression (thereby heating).Want more detailed description among Fig. 2 that these three systems (21～23) will introduce shortly.

Diesel motor fuel system 24 generally comprises a Fuel Tank, and a plurality of petrolifts and nozzle, nozzle are to be respectively applied for fuel oil is injected at driving engine two opposite side to become in two rows or two groups the actuating cylinder; Some reasonable times that the tappet that fuel cam on the pair of cams axle is worked, bent axle whenever revolve in the process of turning around remove to drive cooresponding fuel injector; And a pair of petrolift tooth bar, be used for when related fuel injector is driven, going to control the amount of fuel that flows into a cylinder.Therefore the position of each petrolift tooth bar also is the amount that just is being transported to the fuel of driving engine, is that the output piston that is subjected to the engine speed governor system 25 that links to each other with two tooth bars is controlled.The speed that governor is regulated driving engine is to utilize in predetermined scope at direction mobile rack automatically, and any difference between the speed of actual speed that makes engine crankshaft and requirement reduces to, and minimum amount realizes.Desired speed is to be provided with by the variable velocity control signal that controller 26 receives, and this signal is referred to herein as speed command signal or rate request signal.

In cruising or promotion pattern, it is to be determined by the position of the handle 27 of throttle hand-manipulated that the engine speed that is provided by controller 26 requires signal value, and controller connects mutually with throttle control handle 27.The throttle of locomotive generally has eight power location or shelves (N), adds unloaded and flame-out two positions.N ₁Corresponding to the minimum engine speed that requires (power), and N ₈Corresponding to maximum speed and full power.Under the situation of two or more s' locomotive consist, usually only note leading one, each locomotive in the back passes through the lead 28 between train, receive the code signal that controller sends on leading that car, this signal indicates the position of the selected throttle of operator in leading locomotive.

As mentioned above,, corresponding desired load is arranged all for each power of driving engine.Suitably arrange controller 16, is the information conversion of throttle retaining the control signal of the suitable numerical value on the input line 19 of alternating current generator field regulator 17, thereby as long as the output voltage of alternating current generator and load current be all in preset range, the effective power that tractive output just can be adjusted to driving engine is complementary.For this purpose, in order to reduce rating horsepower (promptly removing engine loading), take place under some abnormal conditions also can limiting engine speed, being necessary to controller 26 about the various service conditions of the propulsion system that comprises driving engine and support system thereof and the information conveyance of parameter.

More particularly, controller 26 generally is to receive the average value of output voltage that voltage feedback signal V(represents alternating current generator after the rectification), current feedback signal I ₁, I ₂Or the like (representing the numerical value of electric current in the armature loop of each traction electric machine respectively), an and load control signal, if driving engine can not be exported desired power and still keep the state that requires speed, speed regulator system 25 will send this load control signal.(if sent this load control signal, it will remove to reduce the numerical value of control signal on online 19 effectively, so that the magnetic field of weakening alternating current generator, till reaching a new equilibrium point).In addition, as illustrated in fig. 1, the signal that is transported to controller has: the engine speed signal RPM of indication engine crankshaft rotative speed, air pressure signal BP all around from atmospheric pressure sensor 29, from the next combustion air pressure signal MP of pressure sensor that is associated with an air inlet conduit of driving engine, the oil temperature signal LOT that comes from the temperature sensor that is placed on lube oil cooler deep fat end, and the water temperature signal EWT that comes from one section hydrothermal area's placing cooling water system 23 temperature sensor.In response to water temperature signal EWT, controller is by a multi-thread serial data formwarder or bus 30.Send the speed control signal of having encoded to the radiator fan motor, the radiator fan motor is the part of assistant load device 31, in order to power by a three core conductor 32, be connected to engine-driven pilot alternator 18, thereby the windstream that strides across the radiator heat-exchange tube is as the function of water temperature and be controlled, the result is in the whole load range of driving engine and in very wide environmental temperature fluctuation, and the operating temperature of driving engine can also be cooresponding constant.Fig. 2 illustrates in greater detail cooling water expansion tank and combustion air system.

In Fig. 2, square 34 is represented diesel motor.At an end of driving engine,, the turbocharger in the combustion air system is housed on the frame of driving engine promptly on the opposite of alternating current generator end.Turbocharger is made up of a gas-turbine 35, and the output shaft of turbine 35 drives a centrifugal air compressor 36.Clean air is collected in the plenum chamber, by an emptying air filter 37, delivers to the central entrance of compressor reducer 36, and (after improving pressure and temperature) discharges by other peripheral outlets on the driving engine opposite side then.The pressurized air that discharges from each of two outlets enters the burned air air induction conduit then by the H Exch (be commonly called intercooler, be called after cooler again) of an air-water that links.Fig. 2 only is illustrated in driving engine air cooler 38 and air induction conduit 39 on one side, and the identical cooling vessel and the conduit that are configured in usually from the driving engine another side are not shown.Catheter pressure sensor 40 is linked air induction conduit 39.Be sent at driving engine with one group of actuating cylinder on one side from the pressurized air of conduit 39.And in Fig. 2, only illustrate 41,42,43 3 cylinders.In fact, each air induction conduit is to 8 cylinders in 16 cylinder engines, is to 6 cylinders in one 12 cylinder engine, or carries burned air to 4 cylinders in one 8 cylinder engine.

The gas that produces in combustion process is discharged from each cylinder and is entered waste gas duct 45.Waste gas drove turbine 35 before they enter atmosphere by waste gas exhaust pipe 46 discharges.The speed of turbine increases with the increase of engine output.At full power or under near the full-power situation, the burned air that compressor reducer 36 is compressed in the air induction conduit 39 is feasible to being higher than the twice barometric pressure at engine running.Intercooler 38 reduces compressed-air actuated temperature (air has been heated significantly in compression process) effectively then, thereby has improved heat efficiency, has reduced consumption of fuel, and the heat load that has reduced driving engine.

In the lubricating oil system shown in Fig. 2, pump 48 suction that the launched machine of the warm engine lubricating oil that crankcase in driving engine 34 bottoms of keeping to the side comes out drives enter the pipeline 49 of entrance of the H Exch 50 of oil-water, and flow through oil strainer 51 and another pipeline flow to the oil feeding reservoirs (not shown) from 50 oil coolants that come out.For lubricated and cooling purpose, the oil content that the last oil feeding reservoirs in the driving engine fuselage is come out is fitted on various bearings, valve, piston, other moving parts of gear and driving engine.Pressure safety valve (PSV) 52 commonly used is connected to food tray to oil leab 49, and temperature detection device 53 is placed near in the oil that is flowing in the pipeline 49 of oil cooler 50 entrance.Preferably lubricating oil temperature detector 53 is made up of thermally dependent resistor commonly used.

As indicated among Fig. 2, the engine cooling water system comprises a reserve tank 55, and cold relatively water comes out from reserve tank, through the heat-exchange tube in the oil cooler 55, flow to the water inlet limit of an engine-driven water pump 56.Pump has improved hydraulic pressure, and water flows into the water inlet manifold on the relative both sides of driving engine then.Water in first water inlet manifold 57, each cylinder liner that passes through that group engine cylinder on hand in parallel flow to a public main drain 58, and this main drain 58 is the top that places two groups of cylinder central authorities.Water main 57 and main drain 58 also are connected to each other by a water branch road, and the water branch road comprises the box of the pipeline 59 and the first burned air cooling vessel 38.Similar branch road can make cooling water expansion tank flow through the second intercooler (not shown) at the driving engine another side from second water main.Therefore method with hydraulic pressure makes this system reach balance, is to be in desired ratio to the flow of two intercoolers with ratio to the flow of cylinder liner.

Hot water from main drain 58 outflow driving engines through piping 60, flows at least one thermostatic control bi-stable liquid valve 60.Temperature detection device 62(is another thermally dependent resistor preferably) be positioned in the water that is flowing in the pipeline 60 near valve 61 inflow points.Valve 61 has two outlets, is communicated with two water channels 63 and 64 respectively.Whenever the water temperature that enters this valve is lower than a reservation threshold, or when hydraulic pressure is lower than a predeterminated level (, whenever engine speed is that so low consequently water pump 56 can not be brought up to this level to hydraulic pressure), all water is changed its course to reserve tank 55 through the bypass water channel 63 of radiator.Otherwise water can flow into water channel 64, enters one group of two or more water-air heat exchanger or radiator 65 and 66 thus, and water obtains entering tank 55 after the cooling in these radiatores.In fact, also have one group of additional radiator (not shown), be connected to second thermostatic control bistable liquid valve, configuration in parallel with the group among the figure.The threshold temperature of first valve 61 of threshold Wen Keyu of second liquid valve has difference slightly.These radiatores are to place than aqua storage tank 55 eminences, and after each cooling circulation, water will be discharged from these radiatores soon and fully.Should be noted that herein, if and when radiator 65,66 pass through bypass owing to hydraulic pressure is not enough, and (this also is because driving engine turns round under low speed, for example, below 400 rev/mins), in process intercooler 38, water will be cooled off, because when the speed of turbocharger was hanged down, burned air only was subjected to the compression (situation comes to this when the driving engine underloading) of appropriateness, so burned air is colder than water.This cooling effect adds by means of radiation and convection current directly from driving engine and its subsidiary cooling water expansion tank and lubricating oil system heat extraction, makes the driving engine can be not overheated when low speed.

Blow over the cold wind that comes by a pair of fan and pass through exciter, the blade of fan is driven by two variable velocity three-phase induction motors respectively.Alternating-current voltage/AC voltage has the motor driven systems 68 of three kinds of speed and 69 output separately to be added on these fan electromotors from a pair of.Drive system 68 and 69 both inputs are to be connected on the line 32, line 32 is in turn to be powered by the output of engine-driven pilot alternator, thereby alive base frequency (thereby being the full speed of fan) become with engine speed often, actuator 68 and 69 each all through suitably constructing and arranging, so that reduce this frequency according to instruction, therefore related fan just can running under being lower than at full speed.Speed command separately for each actuator is by controller 26(Fig. 1) through bus 30, provide with the form of suitable code signal, code signal is pointed out to require is at full speed, slow down or zero-speed.Preferably each fan electromotor actuator includes improved " cycle jump " speed control system; this system was authorized to T.D. Si Dite (T.D.Stitt) on July 24th, 1984; and transfer disclosed in the US Patent 4461985 of General Electric Co. Limited and ask for protection; and its controller compiled journey, with provide Half Speed and 1/4th speed both replace at full speed.

Though at engine-cooling system illustrated in fig. 2 and that describe in the above is pressurization, dried radial pattern, its water is as cooling system conditioner, and the people that are skilled in technique can understand that other types or other liquid all are can be for selecting for use.Under any circumstance, the major part (similar 80%) of the total heat that is absorbed by cooling system is directly transferred to cooling system conditioner from driving engine, and the remaining lubricating oil of at first transferring to is transferred to cooling system conditioner by oil cooler 50 then.The speed of two radiator fan motors, the suitable change according to the function of coolant temperature (detecting) with sensor 62, purpose is to make this temperature under most situation, maintains in approximate 82 ℃ to 93 ℃ the normal range.

In present preferable embodiment of the present invention, controller 26 comprises a microcomputer.Under professional in the technical field can understand that in fact microcomputer is a commercially available element that can be used for programming and the related circuit and the group system of parts, it can realize the function of various requirement.In representative type microcomputer shown in Figure 3, central processing unit (CPU) carry out be stored in one that can wipe and can the read-only memory (ROM) (EPROM) of electricity reorganization journey in job procedure, EPROM has also stored form and the data of utilizing in program.Being included among the CPU is the counting machine of using always, register, accumulator/accum, binary pair (mark) or the like and the accurate oscillator that high frequency clock signal is provided.Microcomputer also comprises a random-access memory (ram), and the data of putting into RAM can be temporarily stored, and also can read by the data that are stored in the various address locations that program determined the EPROM from RAM.These elements are to be tied mutually by suitable address, data and control bus.In one embodiment of the invention, employing is the Intel8086 microcomputer.

Other squares shown in Fig. 3 have been represented periphery commonly used and interface unit that the external circuit among microcomputer and Fig. 1 is connected to each other.More particularly, the square that indicates " I/O " is an input/output circuitry, is used for the data of the selected throttle position of representative and represents various voltages, electric current, speed, pressure and flow to microcomputer with the digital signal of the reading of the mutually related temperature sensor of locomotive propulsion system.The digital signal of temperature sensor reading obtains from analog-digital converter/A/D converter/ADC/a.d.c 71, and this analog-digital converter/A/D converter/ADC/a.d.c is received a plurality of signal conditioners via a traffic pilot commonly used, and the output of sensor is to be added to respectively on a plurality of signal conditioners.The output signal of the buffering analog sensor that signal conditioner can be used to reach common and add the dual purpose of bias voltage to it.As indicated among Fig. 3, input/output circuitry (by multicore bus 30) assistant load controller, engine speed governor, and D-A converter 73 is connected to each other with microcomputer, the output of conv 73 is connected to the alternating current generator field regulator through on line 19.

Give controller 26 establishments suitable program, so that the restriction of some temperature-responsive or restriction are put on the engine speed command signal, and controller offers speed regulator system 25 to this command signal.Under normal propulsioning condition, this signal value becomes with the speed that the locomotive operator selects, the throttle position signal that receives by the lead between train 28 as controller is indicated.But when throttle was set at the idle position, controller 26 was actually the engine speed that requires to become with engine coolant temperature (EWT).In addition, if water temperature or crankcase oil temperature (LOT) be raised to when being higher than a predetermined high numerical value (if, 115 ℃), then no matter throttle where, controller requires no-load speed.Can understand these effects better by means of Fig. 4, Fig. 4 shows that the throttle position signal on input line 76 is admitted to " unloaded override " function square 77, and the output of square 77 is " throttle request " data.Under the normal circumstances, " throttle request " is identical with throttle position.In case but when throttle position was equivalent to " zero load ", the signal on online 76 just was subjected to the control of unloaded override effect, the throttle request is then decided by the engine coolant temperature value of indicator signal EWT.

As pointed among Fig. 4, " throttle request " from unloaded override square 77, indicate the square 81 that having of " minimum value door " chosen the minimum value function through one, deliver to then on the engine speed desire line 80, herein, the throttle request is compared with two additional incoming signals, makes the actual value of rate indicative signal equate with the minimum incoming signal.To one of door two additional input signals of 81 is to be provided by the function square 82 that indicates " high-temperature response ".This incoming signal has a common high value, if but one of two temperature of indication LOT and EWT signal any reach above-mentioned predetermined high value, " throttle request " value just is reduced to the numerical value corresponding to no-load speed.Another additional input to door 81 is provided by " maximum speed " function square 86, and square 86 is in turn in response to lubricating oil oil temperature.In normal working conditions, the incoming signal that is provided by square 86 is in high value, if but LOT expresses lubricating oil when being colder, and " throttle request " value will be reduced to the numerical value corresponding to limit engine speed.

In the present preferred embodiment of the present invention, the function that unloaded override square 77 is finished realizes by microcomputer, and this microcomputer is carried out as the program as indicated among Fig. 5.This program per minute repeats 60 times.From reading the step 87 of on line 28 expression throttle control handles 27 position signals between train, this step 1 is finished, and program just proceeds to the query point 88 that determines whether throttle is in its idle position.If not, program just withdraws from.Otherwise, program just enters step 89, this step is suitable register of the numerical value of the temperature signal EWT that read in the past (it is a tolerance of engine cooling water system hot water section's coolant temperature) input, store as " OLDEWT ", program just enters into the step 90 of reading and storing up-to-date EWT numerical value then.This step 1 is finished, and just does an inquiry at point 91, is higher than OLDEWT with the new EWT that determines whether to read.In response to negative answer, point out that promptly coolant temperature does not increase, next procedure 92 will " the throttle request " of unloaded override effect output be arranged on one corresponding on the numerical value of the no-load speed of locomotive engine routine (for example, about 440 rev/mins of speed with the 1st grade are identical), on the other hand, if coolant temperature is to increase, then enter the next step 93 in the unloaded override program, this step can be arranged on " throttle request " on the numerical value corresponding to one predetermined " high unloaded " speed, and this numerical value significantly is higher than conventional no-load speed.High no-load speed preferably is similar to 535 rev/mins, and this is the normal speed that requires when throttle control handle is in the 2nd grade.

If coolant temperature does not increase, the program of Fig. 5 just enters query point 94 from step 92, has checked here whether EWT is equal to or less than first predetermined value, promptly for example corresponding to about 84.4 ℃ coolant temperature.If be not, program just withdraws from from here, and unloaded override just continues the conventional no-load speed of request.If but EWT is equal to or less than this value, just enter step 95 immediately, this step " throttle request " be arranged on corresponding on the numerical value of predetermined " very low zero load " speed (for example, about 270 rev/mins), and then enter another query point 96, determine whether that here EWT is equal to or less than the second low predetermined value of this above-mentioned first predetermined value.Second predetermined value, for example, corresponding to about 70 ℃ coolant temperature.As long as EWT is not increasing, and is in the scope that is between above-mentioned first and second predetermined values, unloaded override effect just will be asked the very low unloaded speed of energy fuel saving.On the other hand, if coolant temperature is to be not more than 65.5 ℃, the query steps 96 of unloaded override program will break immediately with step 97, this step is arranged on " throttle request " on the numerical value corresponding to predetermined " low unloaded " speed, (for example, about 340 rev/mins), this numerical value is actually and is lower than " conventional unloaded " speed but is higher than " very low zero load " speed.Again succeeded by the 3rd query point 98, to determine whether that herein EWT is equal to or less than three predetermined value lower than above-mentioned second predetermined value then.Preferably the 3rd predetermined value is corresponding to the low value that presets of about 65 ℃ coolant temperature.

As long as EWT do not increase, and be that unloaded override effect requires low unloaded speed in the scope between the above-mentioned second and the 3rd predetermined value.In case preset low-level or be reduced under it but coolant temperature equals above-mentioned, unloaded override program just enters last step 99 from query point 98, this step is arranged on one to " throttle request " corresponding to above-mentioned high unloaded (N ₂) numerical value of speed.In fact, minimum value door 81(Fig. 4) input value that receives from unloaded override function 77 equals N now ₂" throttle request ".The result of this increase of no-load speed makes driving engine produce more heat, and has made the cooling system conditioner heating, thereby prevented that driving engine from having undesirable low temperature when zero load.

When coolant temperature increased, the unloaded override shown in Fig. 5 just entered query point 101 from query point 91 and 93, had checked here whether EWT is equal to or greater than the 4th predetermined value.This is worth a little higher than above-mentioned the 3rd predetermined value and is scheduled to reset level (for example, about 68.3 ℃) corresponding to one of coolant temperature.If assay is not that then program just withdraws from from here.And unloaded override just continues request " high unloaded " speed.In case but EWT equals or exceeds this value, step 101 just enters step 102 immediately, in this step " throttle request " turn back to its low quiescent value, thereby make the low-temperature protection characteristic of above-mentioned unloaded override effect obtain removing or resetting.Then step 102 is another query point 103, will determine here whether EWT is equal to or greater than five predetermined value higher slightly than above-mentioned second predetermined value.This value is corresponding to for example about 72.2 ℃ coolant temperature.As long as EWT is increasing, and in the scope between the above-mentioned the 4th and the 5th predetermined value, unloaded override effect just requires " low unloaded " speed.On the other hand, if coolant temperature is to be equal to or greater than 72.2 ℃, the query steps 103 of unloaded override program will be immediately succeeded by step 104, this step is arranged on its " very low zero load " value to " throttle request ", succeeded by last query point 105, to determine whether that here EWT equals or exceeds six predetermined value higher slightly than above-mentioned first predetermined value then.Be that the 6th predetermined value is corresponding to about 87.5 ℃ coolant temperature at last.

As long as EWT is increasing, and is within the scope between the 5th and the 6th above-mentioned predetermined value, but the override effect just requires fuel saving " very low zero load " speed.In case but coolant temperature is equal to or higher than 87.5 ℃, unloaded override program just enters last step 106 from query point 105, and this step is arranged on the numerical value corresponding to conventional no-load speed to " throttle request ".In a manner mentioned above, in the time will the throttle control handle position being set for no-load speed, unloaded override function 77 can make line 80(Fig. 4 effectively) on the engine speed command signal value become with coolant temperature.Relation between resulting coolant temperature (EWT) and the actual no-load speed of driving engine (RPM) diagrammatically is shown among Fig. 6.

In Fig. 6, can see significantly, in the time of in temperature is the heat rating that is between 72.2 ℃ and 84.4 ℃, " very low zero load " speed just can obtain, this speed is best for fuel saving, if the temperature of cooling system conditioner drops to 70 ℃, unloaded override effect will increase to the speed of driving engine " low unloaded ", under this speed, driving engine can produce extra heat.If these extra heat are enough to make coolant temperature to rise to 72.2 ℃, then engine speed will turn back to " very low zero load ".In practice, when coolant temperature alternately reduce to 70 ℃ and when rising to 72.2 ℃ unloaded override effect engine speed is circulated between " low unloaded " and " very low zero load ".(do not show in the accompanying drawings, in practice, if and charge normal when the horsepower output that need to guarantee pilot alternator is enough to make locomotive storage batteries to be kept, will give controller suitably the program of enrolling come override " unloaded override function " and make no-load speed bigger.）

If when low unloaded speed, the additional heat that driving engine produces be not enough to prevent temperature from 70 ℃ drop to 65 ℃ pre-set low-level, unloaded override function will respond now and make engine speed increase to " high unloaded " speed (N from " low unloaded " ₂).As can be seen from Figure 6, this is a sizable velocity variations.According to the present invention, above-mentioned speed increase is the obvious increase that is attended by the assistant load of driving engine, thereby driving engine must produce bigger moment of torsion.The increase of speed and moment of torsion will make driving engine in fact produce more heat, and coolant temperature will soon rise to 68.3 ℃ the level that resets, so engine speed turns back to " low unloaded ", and assistant load turns back to normally.In fact, in case temperature drops to 65 ℃, and hypothesis throttle position, ambient air temperature or other external conditions do not have obvious variation, the temperature of the cooling system conditioner of the speed of driving engine all will repeatedly rise and descend around the ring shown in the reference number among Fig. 6 107, and just relatively few in the time of " high unloaded ".

Referring now to Fig. 7～9 assistant load increase effect of the present invention is described.Fig. 7 represents coolant air is supplied with the blower equipment of traction with alternating current generator and traction machine respectively.The alternating current generator blowing engine is represented by square 111, the blade of its rotor is driven by three-phase induction motor 112, motor 112 is connected to line 32 by a contactless switch 113, contactless switch 113 is according to controller 26(Fig. 1 and Fig. 3) the next closed selectively or disconnection of instruction, command signal is coupled on the contactless switch by bus 30.When contactless switch is closed, blower motor 112 is driven by the output of engine-driven pilot alternator, and pilot alternator links to each other with line 32, thus the fundamental frequency (thereby also being the full speed of blowing engine 111) that is added to the alternating-current voltage/AC voltage of motor often the speed with driving engine become.

As shown in Figure 7, a pair of blowing engine 114 and 115 is for the cooling traction electric machine is provided with, and they are placed on first and second of locomotive respectively and rotate on the vehicle frame.The blade of the rotor of these two blowing engines is driven by two variable velocity three-phase induction motors respectively.Alternating-current voltage/AC voltage is added on these two induction motor (IMies from the output of three-speed motor drive system 116, and system 116 is connected on the line 32 again.And actuator 116 basically with previously described radiator fan motor driver 68 and 69(Fig. 2) the same.It can reduce the base frequency of the voltage swing of the blower motor that is added on these two traction electric machines according to instruction, thereby the rotative speed of two blowing engines can be from the full speed degree to a predetermined score value at full speed.Actuator 116 receives a speed command signal that occurs with suitable code signal form by bus 30, is requirement full speed with expression, slow down, or zero-speed.The blower speed that requires is determined by controller 26.In present preferred embodiment of the present invention, the program that the blower speed of having worked out an execution traction electric machine as shown in Figure 8 for controller 26 is controlled.

In the program of Fig. 8, the first step 118 is to find out traction electric machine 15,16, or the like the temperature of a hottest motor in (Fig. 1).This can be realized by following two kinds of methods, that is: perhaps direct detected temperatures or calculate temperature according to the detected value (for example motor speed and armature current) of the parameter that is easier to measure and some data of being stored in the memory device of microcontroller.The method in back has practical advantage, thereby is desirable.Calculate after the motor temperature, program just enters into step 119 from step 118, in this step, a blower speed value that requires usually is input in " blower speed " register.This value is determined by the traction electric machine temperature.In order to satisfy the needs of traction electric machine cooling, it increases along with temperature.After the completing steps 119, the program of Fig. 8 enters query point 120, measures here whether " blowing engine override " value surpasses the common required value that is stored in the blowing engine register." blowing engine override " value is (the seeing Fig. 9) decided by another program that is about to describe.If the answer is in the negative to putting 120 inquiry, next step 121 will through serial data adaptor union or bus 30, be delivered to three fast blower motor drive systems 116 the value in the blower speed register as speed command signal.Otherwise program just enters step 122 from putting 120.In this step, replace common required value in the blower speed register with high " blowing engine override " value, the value of back then is used as actual speed command to it by step 121, delivers to traction electric machine blower drive 116.

What Fig. 9 showed is to be carried out to realize the preferable procedure of blower motor speed override of the present invention effect by controller 26.This program repeated 60 times in one minute.Its three steps be with above-mentioned unloaded override program in (Fig. 5) performed step 89,90, the same with 91.If the answer is in the negative to query point 91, this expression engine coolant temperature (EWT) is not to increase, next step 92 ' and be to be set in one to " blowing engine override " corresponding to the value (1/4th speed be the speed do not carried out of traction electric machine blowing engine) of blower motor drive operation in 1/4th speed.From step 92 ', Fig. 9 program just enters query point 98, will determine whether that here EWT is equal to or less than corresponding to the above-mentioned coolant temperature low value that presets (for example, 149 °F).If be not, from then on program just withdraws from.In case coolant temperature is reduced to its low value that presets, Fig. 9 program just from query point 98 enter final step 99 ', in this step, automatically the blowing engine override is set in one corresponding to blowing engine value at full speed.The result, in the step 122 of the blower motor speed control program shown in Fig. 8, it is interior (unless in previous step 119 that the value of back just is imported into the blower speed register, the common required value of input register is corresponding to full speed), and no matter the temperature of traction electric machine how, will require traction electric machine blowing engine full speed running.Owing to increased the speed of traction electric machine blowing engine, then the amount of electrical power of delivering to these motors by pilot alternator has also obviously increased.Such just as previously described, the assistant load that increases in driving engine helps driving engine to produce more heat.For additional load, controller also can be reacted to the affirmative acknowledgement (ACK) of query point 98, promptly send the full speed instruction of an override to a pair of triple-speed drive 68 and 69 of radiator fan motor, the radiator fan motor is normally cold when coolant temperature is lower than 84.4 ℃.

In the blower speed override program shown in Fig. 9, represent that to inquiring about 91 affirmative acknowledgement (ACK) the temperature of engine coolant is to increase.In the case, program will enter into step 93 from putting 91, and in this step, the blowing engine override is set on its full speed value.Next procedure 101 is to check EWT whether to be equal to or greater than value of resetting (for example 68.3 ℃) corresponding to above-mentioned coolant temperature.If be not, the program of Fig. 9 just withdraws from from here, and blowing engine override value continues to handle the traction electric machine blower drive, makes it to be operated in full-speed state.In case but EWT equals or exceeds this numerical value, step 101 just enter immediately step 102 ', in this step, the blowing engine override turns back to its 1/4th velocity amplitudes, this value is too low, is not enough to replace the common required value in the blower speed register of Fig. 8 program.Simultaneously, controller will replace temporary transient full speed instruction (if having used) to radiator fan motor driver 68 and 69 with conventional zero-speed instruction.This has just removed or reset above-mentioned assistant load increases function system.

In a word, it is same that the blower motor speed override program that shows among Fig. 9 plays a part bistable device, and this device has two states.In first state, override is to be in low value (equaling 1/4th speed), thereby does not play what effect to increasing the amount of electrical power that pilot alternator is transported to assistant load; In second state, override is to be in high value (equaling at full speed), and this increase is an actv..Bistable device is subjected to the control of engine coolant temperature, that is: with this temperature fall to the low value that presets, and automatically become second state from first state; But, automatically turn back to first state from second state along with temperature rises to the predetermined value of resetting.

According to another object of the present invention, also to compile the program of going up to controller, so that before lubricating oil warms up, the variation warm with oil automatically limits maximum engine speed.More particularly, if temperature signal value LOT is lower than one first predetermined value, show lubricating oil relatively cold (for example: temperature is lower than 32 ℃).Controller does not start to control making usefulness (for example, high throttle control handle is in the 1st grade of place requirement) to being higher than relatively low engine speed; And if lubricating oil temperature is in a predetermined heat rating, as represented by LOT, promptly LOT is higher than first value, but is lower than the second predetermined high value (for example with respect to 60 ℃), controller just can prevent that engine operation is being higher than predetermined middle speed (for example, a speed N ₄).Otherwise, when the temperature of lubricating oil is higher than value in the above-mentioned hot range of temperatures, allow driving engine that common maximum speed (N is arranged ₈).

Can the limited speed effect of controller 26 be had a better understanding by means of Figure 10, show among the figure that a throttle position indicator signal on the representative input line 276 is admitted to " unloaded override " function square 277.The output of square 277 is exactly " throttle request " data.Usually " throttle request " is the same with " throttle position ".But when " throttle position " is equivalent to " zero load ", signal on online 276 just is subjected to the change of " unloaded override " effect, " throttle request " then decided by engine cooling water temperature indicator signal EWT value, EWT delivers to square 277 then through the function square 278 of relevant indicating " low/high-temperature response ".

As pointed among Figure 10, " throttle request " from " unloaded override " square 277, can choose function square 281 minimum value, that indicate " minimum value door " through one, deliver to engine speed desire line 280 again, in square 281, compared " throttle request " and two additional incoming signals, made that the minimum of the actual value of speed command signal and input is identical.Provide by square 278 to one of door additional input of 281.This incoming signal has a common high value, if but one of two temperature of expression LOT and EWT have reached above-mentioned predetermined high value, and " throttle request " value will be reduced to the value corresponding to the position of no-load speed.Another additional input signal to door 281 is provided by one " maximum speed " function square 286, and square 286 is in response to lubricating oil temperature LOT.

In the present preferred embodiment of the present invention, the effect of being finished by maximum speed square 286 is to realize by programming for the microcomputer of program shown in execution Figure 11.This program per minute repeats 60 times.It is to read and the beginning of the step 287 of storage signal LOT value, and signal LOT value is to weigh the amount of the lubricating oil temperature of outflow driving engine.Step 287 one is finished, and program just enters query point 288, will determine whether that here storing value is corresponding to (for example 32 ℃) below the predetermined minimum temperature value.This temperature is relatively cold.In response to an affirmative reply, the next one in Figure 11 program and last step 289 will be set in the first predetermined low value (for example, about 440 rev/mins, i.e. first grade speed) to maximum engine speed.In fact, " minimum value door " 281(Figure 10) now receive and equal " throttle request " N from " maximum speed " square 286 ₁Input value, and door 281 will can not allow any higher " throttle request " to lead to engine speed desire line 280.

If the oil temperature is not in predetermined minimum value, the program among Figure 11 just enters another query point 290 from putting 288, will determine whether that here the LOT value of storing surpasses corresponding to another predetermined temperature value (for example, 59.4 ℃).Another predetermined temperature value is than minimum value height.In response to a negative answer, the next one in Figure 11 program and last step 291 will be set in second predetermined value to maximum engine speed, and this is worth the value height of setting than in the step 289, but lower than common maximum engine speed.Preferably get second predetermined value and be approximately 770 rev/mins, be i.e. the 4th grade speed.In fact, the door 281 present input signal values that receive from square 286 equal " throttle request " N ₄, and the speed command signal on online 280 can be not higher.On the other hand, if query point 290 has been determined lubricating oil temperature and has been higher than predetermined higher temperature value that program just enters another step 292, in this step, but maximum engine speed is set at the highest permissible value (i.e. the 8th grade of speed), but thereby under request the permissible velocity command signal surpass N ₄Value.

In a manner mentioned above, no matter when, as long as relatively cold at lubricating oil, engine speed just can automatically be limited in the maxim of a safety.Controller is unlikely engine speed requirement signal to surpass (1), and a low relatively value is if lubricating oil oil temperature is in the words that preset below the minimum; And this signal is unlikely above (2), one other predetermined intermediate value, if lubricating oil oil temperature both had been not less than the words that this minimum value is not higher than high value (with reference to step 90 in the maximum speed program) yet, the result, unless lubricating oil is warm enough, no matter then where throttle control handle is, driving engine can not turned round under high speed by order.Before the lubricating oil heating, its viscosity is quite high, so that hindered its lubricating effect, and has influenced lubrication pressure safety valve 52(Fig. 2) normal operation.When lubricating oil is also cold, allow engine crankshaft under fast speed, to rotate, not only may damage driving engine, and, also may damage the packing ring of engine-driven lubricating pump, oil strainer and oil cooler owing to unusual high oil pressure in the lubricating oil system.Adopted after the method for the present invention, this danger will reduce significantly because when lubricating oil temperature is in 32 ℃～60 ℃ the scope, utilize the present invention can be automatically the maximum speed limit of driving engine at N ₅, or be lower than N ₅(be preferably N ₄) speed, and when lubricating oil temperature is lower than 32 ℃, the maximum speed limit of driving engine at N ₃, or be lower than N ₃(be preferably N ₁) speed.

Claims (17)

1, a kind of engine installation of self-propelled traction vehicle, it comprises:

A variable velocity pyrogen motivation;

A cooling system of giving this primary mover supply coolant;

The auxiliary generation device of advocating peace that mechanically drives by this primary mover;

Main load by this main power generation assembly power supply;

An assistant load, it comprises variable, motor-driven fan of a plurality of speed and blowing engine, being used for a coolant air supplies with this cooling system, this power generation assembly and this main load respectively, the drive motor of those fans and blowing engine, the output that is connected to auxiliary generation device selectively is to obtain electric energy;

A controller;

Comprise that controller is used for adjusting the device of this main power generation assembly horsepower output;

Comprise that controller is used for selecting and controls the specific fan and the device of blower motor, it is as next to these motors power supplies by the needs of cooling primary mover, power generation assembly and main load respectively;

Its improved being characterised in that comprises:

A. detect the device of coolant temperature;

B. assistant load increases device, it is associated with this controller and is connected to described temperature-detecting device, when coolant temperature dropped to the low value that presets, described assistant load increased device and automatically increases the amount of electrical power that auxiliary generation device provides to fan and blower motor.

2, engine installation according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: this main load comprises a plurality of traction electric machines and is used for selecting and controlling the device of fan and blower motor, this device comprises the device that changes the rotating speed of traction electric machine blowing engine according to the blower motor speed command, blower motor speed indicates normal desirable value to be decided by the temperature of the hottest traction electric machine, increase device at the assistant load described in this device and can carry out override to normal desired speed command effectively, no matter and traction electric machine is any temperature, if this coolant temperature is equal to or less than the described low value that presets, and this normal desired speed command is lower than value at full speed, and then described assistant load increases device can make described speed command that one full speed value is arranged.

3, according to the engine installation of claim 2, it is characterized in that: described assistant load increases device and is electrically connected to the driving motor of supply power generation assembly with the blowing engine of coolant air, no matter which type of cooling power generation assembly needs, if coolant temperature is equal to or less than the described low value that presets, this electrical motor is powered by auxiliary generation device.

4, according to the engine installation of claim 2, it is characterized in that: described assistant load increases device and is connected with a branch apparatus, whenever coolant temperature equals or exceeds than the described high predetermined value of reseting of low value that presets, described assistant load increase device just with this control circuit shunt (disconnection), thereby it is ineffective that normal desirable blower motor speed command is carried out override.

5, according to the engine installation of claim 1, it is characterized in that: described assistant load increases device and described coolant temperature detecting device is coupled, described assistant load increases the bistable that device has first state and second state, under first state,, the amount of electrical power that provides to assistant load do not have an effect to being provided; Under second state, such increase is effective, and described assistant load increases device and responds to dropping into the described coolant temperature low value that presets, automatically from first state variation to second state.

6, according to the engine installation of claim 1, it is characterized in that: described assistant load increases device and is higher than the described coolant temperature that presets predetermined value of reseting of low value and responds being increased to, automatically be coupled with described coolant temperature detecting device, and from second state variation to first state.

7, engine installation according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: comprise the device that this primary mover work speed is provided in response to a variable order signal that provides by this controller, this controller is to arrange like this, so that the speed command signal value is decided by relevant accelerator device usually, described accelerator device has a no-load speed to set and a plurality of power setting, its improvements also comprise the unloaded override device relevant with this controller, it is connected to this accelerator device and described temperature-detecting device, whenever this accelerator device is set at no-load speed, so that the prime mover speed command signal value is when changing according to the predefined function of a coolant temperature, described unloaded override device is had an effect.

8, according to the engine installation of claim 7, it is characterized in that: if this coolant temperature is equal to or less than the described low value that presets, then should the zero load override device and described temperature-detecting device be coupled, and respond described detected temperature, described speed command signal is maintained a predetermined value, and this predetermined value is corresponding to a prime mover speed that is higher than conventional no-load speed significantly.

9, according to the engine installation of claim 7, it is characterized in that: described unloaded override device rises to than described coolant temperature and responds when presetting the high predetermined value of reseting of low value, be coupled with described temperature-detecting device, and respond described detected temperature, described speed command signal is reduced to a value lower than its conventional quiescent value.

10, according to the engine installation of claim 9, it is characterized in that: described unloaded override device and described speed command signal are coupled, and respond when rising to than the described value of reseting to high another preset value to coolant temperature, described speed command signal is increased to its conventional quiescent value.

11, according to the engine installation of claim 1, it is characterized in that: this primary mover is a turbo-charging diesel motor.

12, according to the engine installation of claim 11, it is characterized in that: this main load comprises a plurality of locomotive traction motors.

13, in a kind of engine installation of self-propelled traction vehicle, it comprises:

A variable velocity primary mover;

Comprise that an oil cooler is used for providing for this primary mover the device of lubricating oil;

Select the accelerator device of this primary mover work speed;

Be coupled to a controller of this accelerator device, it is used to provide the speed command signal that a numerical value becomes with selection speed usually;

This command signal responded adjust the speed control unit of this primary mover actual speed; Its improved being characterised in that comprises:

A. detect the device of lubricating oil temperature on one side at the deep fat of oil cooler;

B. maximum speed limit device, it is associated with this controller and is connected to described temperature-detecting device, if detected oily temperature is lower than the minimum value that presets, then described maximum speed limit device will stop this speed command signal to surpass predetermined low relatively value, if detected oil temperature is more than the described minimum value but be not that then described maximum speed limit device can stop this speed command signal to surpass another predetermined value higher than described predetermined low value in the scope more than a predetermined high value.

14, according to the engine installation of claim 13, it is characterized in that: if this detected oily temperature is more than the last-mentioned in the above described high value, then described maximum speed limit device is connected to described lubricating oil temperature detecting device, makes this speed command signal surpass described predetermined high value.

15, according to the engine installation of claim 13, it is characterized in that: the oil feeder of described system comprises an oil pump by this prime mover driven.

16, a kind of locomotive propulsion system, it comprises:

Variable-ratio primary mover on locomotive;

Comprise a device by the oil pump of this prime mover driven;

Give an oil cooler and an oil strainer of this primary mover supplying lubricating oil;

The accelerator device that comprises a manual bar handle, described manual control handle has eight power location of separating, when handle from its primary importance when its 8 positions moves, just can incrementally select higher prime mover speed;

A controller that is coupled with accelerator device, it is used to provide a speed command signal, and the value of this speed command signal is decided by the position of this throttle control handle usually;

In response to this command signal, be used for adjusting the speed control unit of the actual speed of this primary mover;

Its improvements are characterised in that and comprise:

A. detect the device of this oil cooler at deep fat lubricating oil temperature on one side;

B. maximum speed limit device, it is associated with controller and is connected to described temperature-detecting device, if detected oil temperature is under the minimum that presets, then described maximum speed limit device will stop this speed command signal to surpass a predetermined low relatively value.

17, according to the propulsion system of claim 16, it is characterized in that: if detected oily temperature is more than the described minimum but be not in the scope more than higher predetermined value, then described maximum speed limit device is connected to described lubricating oil temperature detecting device, is another high predetermined value to stop this speed command signal to surpass than described predetermined low value.

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