CN100595505C

CN100595505C - Vacuum freeze drier

Info

Publication number: CN100595505C
Application number: CN200810233802A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 霍凤莲
Original assignee: 霍凤莲
Current assignee: Yinchuan Jing Jing Heng vacuum freeze drying machine technology Co., Ltd.
Priority date: 2008-12-10
Filing date: 2008-12-10
Publication date: 2010-03-24
Anticipated expiration: 2028-12-10
Also published as: CN101435652A

Abstract

The invention relates to a vacuum freeze drier which comprises a freeze drying bin, a water catcher, a vacuum pump, a refrigeration compressor set consisting of a condensate storage tank, an oil separator and a double-stage type compressor, and a freezing evaporator arranged inside the freeze drying bin. As the vacuum freeze drier fully utilizes cold source and hot source of the refrigeration compressor set to cool and heat materials, the technical proposal has high utilization efficiency of energy and a reasonable structure, greatly improves the service life and use effect of the vacuum pumpand the refrigeration compressor set in order that the power of the whole drier can be reduced by two thirds and the electricity consumption in the process of equipment operation is reduced by one half.

Description

Vacuum freeze drier

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of drying equipment, particularly a kind of vacuum freeze drier.

Background technology

Because the material of quick-frozen need not through the thawing of ice and is that steam distributes and makes it dehydration from solid-state distillation directly in the freeze-drying process, thereby the color, smell and taste of former FF and the face shaping of nutritional labeling and former FF have been kept to greatest extent, rehydration is fabulous, can finish recovery in several minutes in the several seconds, its look, flavor, shape and fresh product are identical substantially; Because dehydration thoroughly, product need not add any anticorrisive agent just can be preserved more than 5 years at normal temperatures, and finished weight is light, easy to carry and transport, has been subjected to consumers in general's approval.China Intellectual Property Office has applied for a patent that denomination of invention is " integrated machine for vacuum freezing and drying " on December 19th, 2006, notification number: CN1 987314A, overcome the technological deficiency of existing vacuum freeze, mainly be low-temperature receiver and the thermal source that utilizes refrigeration compressor set, design on the fit structure, can realize material is cooled off and heats, make total installed capacity power can reduce 2/3rds, the power consumption in the equipment running process reduces by 1/2nd.But according to discovering of the inventor, this technical scheme exists following defective to need to improve; 1, the position of sump is arranged on the freeze-drying storehouse with fixed attention, the cryophorus level is installed in coagulates in the sump, when vavuum pump vacuumizes, steam in the freeze-drying storehouse enters with fixed attention in the sump from bottom to top, and the stroke of steam is very short, at this moment will cause the temperature difference of refrigerator pipes of cryophorus levels bigger, catch the water weak effect, to directly influence the normal operation of vavuum pump when serious, and also cause equipment too high simultaneously, be not easy to transportation and maintenance; 2, original heater does not play heat effect in the refrigeration stage, and in the heating period of integrated machine for vacuum freezing and drying, the high pressure gas of compressor bank and the temperature difference of low pressure exhaust heat weak effect only less than 30 ℃; 3, overall structure is comparatively complicated, and result of use is undesirable.

Summary of the invention

The objective of the invention is to overcome the defective of prior art, provide a kind of structure more simple, reasonable, the vacuum freeze drier that energy utilization rate is high.

For achieving the above object, technical scheme of the present invention is: a kind of vacuum freeze drier, comprise the freeze-drying storehouse, water vessel, vavuum pump and by the condensation fluid reservoir, oil eliminator, the refrigeration compressor set that the stage type compressor is formed and be installed in refrigerating evaporator in the freeze-drying storehouse, it is characterized in that in the above-mentioned freeze-drying storehouse refrigerating evaporator and water vessel being installed, water vessel is installed the side in the freeze-drying storehouse, in the freeze-drying storehouse between refrigerating evaporator and water vessel dividing plate is installed, have window to be opened/closed on dividing plate, the air inlet of vavuum pump is connected the top, freeze-drying storehouse of water vessel one side; The outlet that the low pressure air suction mouth and the cold-producing medium of stage type compressor returns the liquid heater links to each other, outlet links to each other with refrigerating evaporator with the outlet of water vessel respectively in the import that cold-producing medium returns the liquid heater, at refrigerating evaporator) outlet and cold-producing medium return on the pipeline that the import of liquid heater links to each other, valve III is installed, and the outlet of refrigerating evaporator also links to each other with the import of gas-liquid separator by valve IV; The low pressure exhaust mouth of stage type compressor links to each other with distributor I import on being installed in refrigerating evaporator, and distributor I outlet links to each other with the refrigerating evaporator import, on low pressure exhaust mouth and pipeline that distributor I import links to each other oil eliminator I, valve VI is installed; The high pressure admission mouth of stage type compressor links to each other with the outlet of gas-liquid separator; The high-pressure exhaust of stage type compressor links to each other with the import of oil eliminator II, the outlet of oil eliminator II is connected with the export pipeline of valve VI by valve VII, on the pipeline between oil eliminator II and the valve VII, one bye-pass is arranged, this pipeline links to each other with the import of condensation reservoir, the outlet of condensation reservoir links to each other with the import of distributor II on being installed in water vessel by valve I, valve II and distributor I import respectively, the outlet of distributor II links to each other with the water vessel import, on the connecting pipeline between high pressure admission mouth and the low pressure exhaust mouth valve V is installed.

On the bye-pass between above-mentioned oil eliminator II and the valve VII, be serially connected with heating tank, the import that is installed in the radiator in the heating tank links to each other with the bye-pass import, the outlet of radiator links to each other with the import of condensation reservoir, and feed tube and drain pipe are installed on heating tank.

It is the interlayer sleeve structure that above-mentioned cold-producing medium returns the liquid heater, and the outlet of interior pipe links to each other with the low pressure air suction mouth, puts outside the import of interior pipe links to each other with the outlet of water vessel water inlet is installed, and delivery port links to each other with the import of condensation reservoir.

Window to be opened/closed on the above-mentioned dividing plate that is installed in the freeze-drying storehouse is opened the middle and lower part at dividing plate.

Characteristics of the present invention are on the basis of existing disclosed " integrated machine for vacuum freezing and drying ", done improvement in configuration aspects, possessing on all characteristic bases of original " integrated machine for vacuum freezing and drying ", the structure of the technical program is more reasonable, and result of use improves greatly.At first, the water vessel that the moisture that will condense is used has been installed in the freeze-drying storehouse, the whole height that has reduced on the one hand equipment most importantly, when most importantly the refrigerating evaporator in giving the freeze-drying storehouse heats, distillation steam in the material is by the window to be opened/closed of dividing plate middle and lower part, last lower edge, enter in the cabin that is vertically installed with water vessel, steam from bottom to top condenses then, the big leap ahead of the route of condensation vapor, so just can effectively reduce the steam that enters in the vavuum pump, prolong the effect that vacuumizes and the service life of vavuum pump, so just can shorten the drying time of material.Secondly, changed the refrigeration of compressor bank, the route of heating, the more reasonable efficiency of energy utilization of structure of the present invention is further improved.The 3rd, increased heating tank, changed the version that cold-producing medium returns the liquid heater simultaneously, efficiency of energy utilization of the present invention further improved.

Description of drawings

Accompanying drawing 1 is operation principle schematic diagram of the present invention.

The specific embodiment

As shown in Figure 1, wherein, 1-heating tank, 2-valve VII, 3-oil eliminator I, 4-valve VI, 5-gas-liquid separator, 6-distributor I, 7-valve I, 8-refrigerating evaporator, 9-valve II, 10-distributor II, 11-vavuum pump, 12-water vessel, 13-cold-producing medium return liquid heater, 14-valve III, 15-dividing plate, 16-valve IV, 17-valve V, 18-refrigeration compressor set, 19-oil eliminator II, 20-condensation reservoir.

Need dry material to be placed on refrigerating evaporator, carry out freezing to material and heating by hot and cold transmission by material disc.

The material refrigerating process is as follows: this moment open valve I 7, valve III14 and valve V 17, shut off valve II 9, valve IV16, valve VI4, valve VII2, start refrigeration compressor set, cold-producing medium is by high-pressure exhaust, oil eliminator II 19, heating tank 1, condensation reservoir 20 and valve I 7, enter among the distributor I 6, give the material that is placed on the refrigerating evaporator 8 by distributor I with the cold-producing medium uniform distribution, material is evenly freezed.Back flow of refrigerant enters cold-producing medium through valve III14 and returns liquid heater 13, carry out heat exchange, refrigerant of low temperature is heated, cold-producing medium after being heated enters the low pressure air suction mouth of refrigeration compressor set, because the liquid that returns of cold-producing medium is heated to more than 0 ℃, eliminate the liquid hammer and the stifled phenomenon of frost of refrigeration compressor set, prolonged the service life and the noise of refrigeration compressor set.Because it is the interlayer sleeve structure that cold-producing medium returns the liquid heater, interior pipe is used for the circulation of cold-producing medium, and overcoat carries out cold and hot exchange by water, after the water tumbler cooling in the overcoat, can be used as the cooling water of condensation reservoir 20.Be installed in the close of dividing plate 15 middle and lower parts this moment.The keying of this window is by electronic realization, and this structure can adopt prior art, as electric-powered shutter.

Reach the freezing state of needs when material after, when said process works on, water vessel 12 begins cooling, its process is: open valve II9, valve V 17, shut off valve I 7, valve III14 and, valve IV16, valve VI4, valve VII2, cold-producing medium is by high-pressure exhaust, oil eliminator II 19, heating tank 1, condensation reservoir 20 and valve II 9, enter among the distributor II 10, give condenser pipe in the water vessel with the cold-producing medium uniform distribution by distributor II.Back flow of refrigerant enters cold-producing medium and returns liquid heater 13, carry out heat exchange after, enter the low pressure air suction mouth of refrigeration compressor set.

After the temperature of water vessel 12 drops to set point of temperature, start vavuum pump, open the window on the dividing plate simultaneously.When the vacuum in the freeze-drying storehouse reaches regulation, for improving the rate of sublimation of material, begin to heat to refrigerating evaporator, heating process is: open valve VI4, valve IV16,, shut off valve I 7, valve III14, valve V 17 and valve VII2, the high temperature refrigerant that the low pressure exhaust mouth of refrigeration compressor set is discharged is entered among the distributor I 6 by oil eliminator I, give the material that is placed on the refrigerating evaporator 8 by distributor I with the high temperature refrigerant uniform distribution, material is evenly heated.When improving heating-up temperature as needs, open valve VII2 makes the high temperature refrigerant of the high pressure gas of refrigeration compressor set mix with the high temperature refrigerant that the low pressure exhaust mouth is discharged, to improve the heating-up temperature of refrigerating evaporator 8 in right amount.The backflow of high temperature refrigerant enters the high pressure admission mouth of refrigeration compressor set through valve IV16, gas-liquid separator 5.

The purpose of heating tank 1 is to improve the thermal efficiency of this device, if heating tank is not installed, cold-producing medium is directly entered in the condensation reservoir 20 by high-pressure exhaust, oil eliminator II 19.Feed tube and drain pipe are installed on the heating tank, and heated water is by drain pipe, for industrial water or domestic water provide hot water.The cooling water of condensation reservoir 20 can recycle.

Claims

1, a kind of vacuum freeze drier, comprise the freeze-drying storehouse, water vessel, vavuum pump and by the condensation fluid reservoir, oil eliminator, the refrigeration compressor set that the stage type compressor is formed and be installed in refrigerating evaporator in the freeze-drying storehouse, it is characterized in that also being equipped with in the above-mentioned freeze-drying storehouse described water vessel (12), water vessel (12) is installed in the side in the freeze-drying storehouse, between refrigerating evaporator in the freeze-drying storehouse (8) and the water vessel (12) dividing plate (15) is installed, have window to be opened/closed on dividing plate, the air inlet of vavuum pump (11) is connected the top, described freeze-drying storehouse of water vessel (12) one sides; The low pressure air suction mouth of stage type compressor (18) links to each other with the outlet that cold-producing medium returns liquid heater (13), outlet links to each other with refrigerating evaporator (8) with the outlet of water vessel (12) respectively in the import that cold-producing medium returns liquid heater (13), return on the pipeline that liquid heater (13) import links to each other at the outlet of refrigerating evaporator (8) and cold-producing medium, valve III (14) is installed, and the outlet of refrigerating evaporator (8) also links to each other with the import of gas-liquid separator (5) by valve IV (16); The low pressure exhaust mouth of stage type compressor (18) links to each other with distributor I (6) import on being installed in refrigerating evaporator (8), distributor I (6) outlet links to each other with refrigerating evaporator (8) import, on low pressure exhaust mouth and pipeline that distributor I (6) import links to each other oil eliminator I (3), valve VI (4) is installed; The high pressure admission mouth of stage type compressor (18) links to each other with the outlet of gas-liquid separator (5); The high-pressure exhaust of stage type compressor (18) links to each other with the import of oil eliminator II (19), the outlet of oil eliminator II (19) is connected with the export pipeline of valve VI (4) by valve VII (2), on the pipeline between oil eliminator II (19) and the valve VII (2), one bye-pass is arranged, this pipeline links to each other with the import of condensation reservoir (20), the outlet of condensation reservoir (20) is respectively by valve I (7), valve II (9) and distributor I (6) import link to each other with the import of distributor II (10) on being installed in water vessel (12), and the outlet of distributor II (10) links to each other with water vessel (12) import; Valve V (17) is installed on the connecting pipeline between high pressure admission mouth and the low pressure exhaust mouth.

2, vacuum freeze drier according to claim 1, it is characterized in that on the bye-pass between above-mentioned oil eliminator II (19) and the valve VII (2), being serially connected with heating tank (1), the import that is installed in the radiator in the heating tank links to each other with the bye-pass import, the outlet of radiator links to each other with the import of condensation reservoir (20), and feed tube and drain pipe are installed on heating tank.

3, vacuum freeze drier according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that it is the interlayer sleeve structure that above-mentioned cold-producing medium returns liquid heater (13), the outlet of interior pipe links to each other with the low pressure air suction mouth, the import of interior pipe links to each other with the outlet of water vessel (12), put outward water inlet is installed, the delivery port of overcoat links to each other with condensation reservoir (20) import.

4, vacuum freeze drier according to claim 3 is characterized in that window to be opened/closed on the above-mentioned dividing plate (15) that is installed in the freeze-drying storehouse opens the middle and lower part at dividing plate.