CN100590356C

CN100590356C - Fluid bed boiler for combusting biomass

Info

Publication number: CN100590356C
Application number: CN200610017087A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 朴显泽; 李松鹤
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Li Songhe; Pu Xianze; Wang Qingbo
Priority date: 2006-08-09
Filing date: 2006-08-09
Publication date: 2010-02-17
Anticipated expiration: 2026-08-09
Also published as: CN101122387A

Abstract

A biomass combustion fluidized bed boiler mainly comprises a fluidized bed boiler body. The boiler is characterized in that an independent hearth (3) at the high-temperature area is arranged, and communicates with an annular passage (11) between a round or nearly round polygonal internal cylinder (7) and a round or nearly round polygonal external cylinder (8), which are formed by a hearth transition area (4) and a membrane water cooling wall. A central flue (12) is arranged inside the internal cylinder (7), and a multi-stage secondary air nozzle (6) is arranged in the annular passage (11). Asthe independent hearth (3) at the high-temperature area is arranged, the invention settles the problem that a traditional boiler cannot hold a fuel layer and can combust the biomass granule fuel independently. The nearly-round polygonal structure of the annular passage (11) between the internal cylinder (7) and the external cylinder (8) is favorable for rotatory ascending of the flue gas. Moreover, the internal and external double heat exchange promotes the thermal efficiency of the boiler. The flue gas is segregated at a plurality of places, which promotes the environmental protection. The annular passage together with the secondary air replaces a high-temperature segregator and a medium-temperature segregator of a traditional boiler. The manufacture process is simple and the failure rateis greatly reduced.

Description

A kind of fluid bed boiler for combusting biomass

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of fluidized-bed combustion boiler of the equipment that utilizes regeneration biological matter fuel, particularly a kind of firing biomass fuel.

Background technology

The above large-scale firing biomass fuel boiler of present known 10t/h in the world, mainly contain two major types: the one, the technology of Denmark BWE company, adopt water-cooled vibrating-grate stoker mode to burn biomass fuel, its shortcoming is the cost height, the usefulness of burning in addition be undressed biomass fuel, store and transport dangerous, uneconomical; The 2nd, be the employing recirculating fluidized bed mode of representative with Sweden and Germany, domestic also have enterprise of a few family to use this technology, biomass burning CFBB as Beijing Tsinghua Ziguang environment Protection Co., Ltd. and the co-production of German a company, its complex structure, need to add the different heavy fuel that compares, will influence Environmental Protection Level, the interior availability of wearing and tearing, reducing the boiler ash discharge of increase stove of boiler like this, increase operational and administrative expenses simultaneously.

Summary of the invention

Purpose of the present invention is exactly in order to overcome the deficiency of prior art, proposes a kind of thermal efficiency height, environmental protection characteristic is good, manufacturing process is simple, cost is low, the operation troubles rate is low, safety economy, the fluidized-bed combustion boiler of biomass burning granular fuel separately.

The objective of the invention is to be achieved through the following technical solutions: this invention mainly comprises the fluidized-bed combustion boiler body, air blast 1, feed hopper 2, high-temperature region burner hearth 3, furnace wall 9, superheater 10, ash tube 13, ash dropping hopper 14, air-introduced machine 16, outlet flue 17, slag remover 18, monowall tube 19, fin 20; It is characterized in that: high-temperature region burner hearth 3 is provided with separately, and high-temperature region burner hearth 3 is connected by the circular passage 11 that forms between burner hearth transition region 4 and inner core 7 and the urceolus 8, and inner core 7 and urceolus 8 are coupled to each other formation by monowall tube 19, fin 20; In circular passage 11, multistage vortex overfire air jet 6 is set; Vortex overfire air jet 6 is the best more than 6 grades to be provided with; Every grade of two nozzles 6, horizontally disposed around the circular passage, 180 ° at interval; Vortex overfire air jet 6 places in furnace wall 9 and the urceolus 8, is communicated with circular passage 11, and forms certain angle with the urceolus 8 horizontal tangent directions of circular passage 11, and the direction of inclination is all consistent with the direction of vortex secondary wind; Vortex overfire air jet 6 opening parts are concordant with urceolus 8 inwalls; The polygonal structure that inner core 7 that is made of monowall tube 19 and fin 20 and urceolus 8 can adopt circle or sub-circular.

This invention is applied to the firing biomass fuel boiler with the technology of eddy combustion, high-temperature region burner hearth 3 is provided with separately, the eddy combustion CFBB that has changed present domestic production has solved the structure of bottom, circular passage as the high-temperature region burner hearth boiler and kept the incessantly problem of fuel bed when burning-used biologic mass fuel; Thereby realized independent burning-used biologic mass fuel.

The high-temperature flue gas that biomass fuel produces in high-temperature region burner hearth 3 internal combustion, under air blast 1 effect, enter circular passage 11 by burner hearth transition region 4, because circular passage of the present invention 11 is adopted circular or is similar to circular polygonal structure, the rotation that is beneficial to flue gas is more risen; Flue gas is rotation rising at a high speed in circular passage 11 under the drive of multistage vortex secondary wind, both finished the after-flame process, realized that also flue gas is in circular passage 11 and the heat transfer process between the inner core 7, urceolus 8, main is also the particle separation in the flue gas can gone out in urceolus 8 rotary courses, fall into slag remover 18 by ash tube 13.This structure has substituted the high-temperature separator and the middle temperature separator of traditional CFBB, and not only manufacturing process is simple, and fault rate also reduces greatly.Multistage vortex secondary wind is tangentially sent into circular passage 11, the flue gas of inner core 7 outer surface portions can be got up by the high speed rotation disturbance, so just destroyed original heat exchange boundary layer, heat transfer coefficient can be increased, realize transmitting more heat with less heating surface.Flue gas 11 comes out from the circular passage, enters central gas duct 12 by superheater 10, and to inner core 7 further heat exchange, this inside and outside combination heat exchange mode has also improved the thermal efficiency of boiler greatly.The structure that this flue gas rotates in circular passage 11 has also improved the separating effect of flying dust, adds the further sedimentation of uncombusted particle in central gas duct 12 and in the horizontal flue 15, has improved the environmental protection characteristic of boiler more.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is this invention structural representation

Fig. 2 is the A-A cutaway view Amplified image of Fig. 1

Wherein: the female pipe of 1-air blast 2-feed hopper 3-high-temperature region burner hearth 4-burner hearth transition region 5-secondary wind 6-overfire air jet 7-inner core 8-urceolus 9-furnace wall 10-superheater 11-circular passage 12-central gas duct 13-ash tube 14-ash dropping hopper 15-horizontal flue 16-air-introduced machine 17-outlet flue 18-slag remover 19-monowall tube 20-fin

The specific embodiment

The invention will be further described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in bottom:

As shown in Figure 1: this invention mainly comprises the fluidized-bed combustion boiler body, air blast 1, feed hopper 2, high-temperature region burner hearth 3, furnace wall 9, superheater 10, ash tube 13, ash dropping hopper 14, air-introduced machine 16, outlet flue 17, slag remover 18, monowall tube 19, fin 20; With known fluidized-bed combustion boiler difference be: be provided with an independently high-temperature region burner hearth 3, biomass granule fuel enters high-temperature region burner hearth 3 by feed hopper 2, biomass granule fuel is in high-temperature region burner hearth 3 internal combustion, the high-temperature flue gas that produces is under the effect of air blast 1, enter circular passage 11 by burner hearth transition region 4, as shown in Figure 2: formed gap constitutes between inner core 7 that circular passage 11 is made up of monowall tube 19 and fin 20 and the urceolus 8, and inner core 7 and urceolus 8 adopt the polygonal structure of circles or sub-circular.As shown in Figure 1: 6 grades of vortex overfire air jets 6 are set in circular passage 11, as shown in Figure 2: every grade is provided with two vortex overfire air jets 6, horizontally disposed around the circular passage, 180 ° at interval, vortex overfire air jet 6 places in furnace wall 9 and the urceolus 8, be communicated with circular passage 11, and form certain angle with the urceolus 8 horizontal tangent directions of circular passage 11, the direction of inclination is all consistent with the direction of vortex secondary wind; The opening part of vortex overfire air jet 6 is concordant with urceolus 8 inwalls; Urceolus 8 outsides are furnace walls 9, and inner core 7 inside are central gas duct 12; As shown in Figure 1: the high-temperature flue gas that enters in the circular passage 11 upwards rotates at a high speed around inner core 7 under the drive of 6 grades of vortex secondary wind; 11 flue gases that come out enter central gas duct 12 downwards by superheater 10 from the circular passage, and flue gas is discharged by outlet flue 17 by horizontal flue 15 under the guiding of air-introduced machine 16.Discharge by slag remover 18 by ash tube 13 and ash dropping hopper 14 respectively from the soot dust granule that high-temperature region burner hearth 3, circular passage 11, central gas duct 12 and horizontal flue 15 are separated.

Claims

1, a kind of fluid bed boiler for combusting biomass: mainly comprise the fluidized-bed combustion boiler body, air blast [1], feed hopper [2], high-temperature region burner hearth [3], furnace wall [9], superheater [10], ash tube [13], ash dropping hopper [14], air-introduced machine [16], outlet flue [17], slag remover [18], monowall tube [19], fin [20] is characterized in that: high-temperature region burner hearth [3] is provided with separately; High-temperature region burner hearth [3] is connected with circular passage [11] between inner core [7] and the urceolus [8] by burner hearth transition region [4], and inner core [7] and urceolus [8] are coupled to each other formation by monowall tube [19], fin [20]; In circular passage [11], multistage vortex overfire air jet [6] is set.

2, a kind of fluid bed boiler for combusting biomass according to claim 1 is characterized in that: said inner core [7] and the urceolus [8] that is made of monowall tube [19] and fin [20], the polygonal structure of employing circle or sub-circular.

3, a kind of fluid bed boiler for combusting biomass according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that: the said multistage vortex overfire air jet [6] that in circular passage [11], is provided with, and two every grade nozzles [6], horizontally disposed around the circular passage, 180 ° at interval.

4, a kind of fluid bed boiler for combusting biomass according to claim 3, it is characterized in that: in circular passage [11], the multistage vortex overfire air jet [6] that is provided with forms certain angle with urceolus [8] the horizontal tangent direction of circular passage [11], and the direction of inclination is all consistent with the direction of vortex secondary wind.

5, a kind of fluid bed boiler for combusting biomass according to claim 4 is characterized in that: in circular passage [11], the vortex overfire air jet more than 6 grades is set.

6, a kind of fluid bed boiler for combusting biomass according to claim 4 is characterized in that: in circular passage [11], the opening part of the vortex overfire air jet [6] of setting is concordant with urceolus [8] inwall.