CN100585675C - Display device, display drive and method for manufacturing the said and renewing display area - Google Patents
Display device, display drive and method for manufacturing the said and renewing display area Download PDFInfo
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- CN100585675C CN100585675C CN200510103442A CN200510103442A CN100585675C CN 100585675 C CN100585675 C CN 100585675C CN 200510103442 A CN200510103442 A CN 200510103442A CN 200510103442 A CN200510103442 A CN 200510103442A CN 100585675 C CN100585675 C CN 100585675C
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Abstract
Due to the bi-stable nature of interferometric modulator elements, the state of each modulator element may be held at either an actuated or a released state with a common voltage difference. Because modulator elements often require less time to change states than is allotted in a line time, power drawn by an array of modulator elements may be reduced by disabling one or both of a row and column voltage boost module, which are configured to amplify an input power source to a level that is suitable for driving modulator elements. If the column voltage is removed during the latter portion of a line time, for example, the row voltage is set to a level that is sufficient to maintain a voltage difference between the row voltage and the floating column voltage within a stability voltage range during the remainder of the line time.
Description
Technical field
The embodiment of the invention relates to display system, more precisely, relates to the system and method that drives the bistable state interferometric modulator element.
Background technology
MEMS (micro electro mechanical system) (MEMS) comprises micromechanical component, driver and electronic equipment.Micromechanical component can adopt deposition, etching or other several portions that can etch away substrate and/or institute's deposited material layer maybe can add several layers and make with the micromachined technology that forms electric and electromechanical assembly.One type MEMS device is called as interferometric modulator.Interferometric modulator can comprise the pair of conductive plate, one of them or the two can be partly transparently, and can when applying a suitable electric signal, make relative motion.One of them plate can comprise a quiescent layer that is deposited on the substrate, and another plate can comprise a metal film that is suspended from this quiescent layer.Said apparatus is with a wide range of applications, and in this technology, utilizes and/or revises the characteristic of device of these types so that its characteristic can be used for improving existing product and makes still undeveloped at present new product will be rather useful.
Summary of the invention
System of the present invention, method and device respectively have many aspects, and arbitrary single aspect all can not determine its desired attribute separately.Now its more outstanding characteristic is made brief description, this not delimit the scope of the invention.Considering this argumentation, especially after having read the part that is entitled as " embodiment ", how people provides the advantage that is better than other display device if can understanding feature of the present invention.
In one embodiment, one display driver is provided, it comprises a capable stepup transformer that is configured to produce capable voltage, one is configured to produce the row stepup transformer of column voltage, one comprises the array of a plurality of modulator elements, each modulator element is connected to a row electrode and a column electrode and is configured to and driven by described capable voltage and described column voltage, wherein the state of the modulator element in the respective columns of described array is configured to be modified during a wherein capable voltage is connected to the line time of respective columns electrode, and a disabled module is configured in the described stepup transformer of forbidding during the part of described line time.Described row and column stepup transformer can respectively comprise at least one in level shifter (level shifter), DC-DC change-over circuit and the operational amplifier.Disabled module can be configured to forbidding row stepup transformer during the described part of described line time.Described capable stepup transformer can be configured to keep activating during the described forbidding part of described line time, to provide a bias voltage on each described column electrode.Described bias voltage can be about 5 volts.Described display driver can further comprise data and enable module, and described data are enabled the row electrode that module is configured to during the described part of described line time a reference voltage be outputed to described array.Described disabled module can be configured to forbidding row stepup transformer during the described part of described line time.Described row stepup transformer is configured to keep activating during the described part of described line time, and can provide a bias voltage on each described row electrode.Described bias voltage can be about 5 volts.Described display driver can further comprise data and enable module, and described data are enabled the column electrode that module is configured to during the described part of described line time a reference voltage be outputed to described array.Described modulator element comprises bistable element.
In another embodiment, a kind of optical modulation display driver is provided, it comprises the member, the member that is used for producing column voltage that are used for producing capable voltage, be used for one wherein go the delegation of revising an array during voltage is connected to the line time of respective columns modulator element member and be used for a part at described line time during the described capable voltage of forbidding produce one the member that member and described column voltage produce member.
In another embodiment, the method of a kind of renewal one viewing area is provided, described viewing area comprises a plurality of modulator elements that are arranged as the row and column configuration, wherein said modulator element respectively has an excitation and release conditions, described excitation and release conditions can be by being conductively coupled to indivedual modulator elements separately column electrode and the voltage difference between the row electrode select, each described modulator element is configured to when the voltage that applies between the column electrode of described indivedual modulator elements and row electrode in the stability window, keep the described state of described modulator element, each row of wherein said modulator element is assigned the state that a line time is used to change each actuation components of going.Described method comprises: the modulator element that a capable voltage is applied to a select row; According to an expectation state of the described modulator element that is used for described select row, at least one column voltage is applied to the modulator element of a select column; And finish before the described line time, stop applying of described column voltage, wherein maintain the state of the modulator element in the described select row by the voltage difference between a described capable voltage and the reference voltage, wherein said voltage difference is in described stability window.Described reference voltage can be enabled module by data and provide.Described method can further be included in the end of about described line time and enable the row level shifter.
A kind of method of manufacturing one display driver is provided in another embodiment.Described method comprises the capable stepup transformer that formation one is configured to produce capable voltage; Formation one is configured to produce the row stepup transformer of column voltage; Formation one comprises the array of a plurality of modulator elements, each described modulator element is connected to row electrode and column electrode and is configured to separately be driven by described capable voltage and described column voltage, wherein the state of the modulator element in the respective columns of described array is configured to be modified during a wherein capable voltage is connected to the line time (row line time) of respective columns electrode, or wherein the state of the modulator element in indivedual row of described array be configured to one wherein the column voltage alignment time durations that is connected to described indivedual row electrodes be modified, and form a disabled module that is configured to one of described stepup transformer of forbidding during the part of described row or column line time.Described method can further comprise formation one data and enable module, and described data are enabled the described row electrode that module is configured to during the described part of described row or column line time a reference voltage be outputed to described array.Described method can further comprise the formation disabled module with the described capable stepup transformer of forbidding during the described part of described row or column line time to be configured.It is to be configured to keep the row stepup transformer that activates during the described part of described row or column line time and provide a bias voltage on each described row electrode that described method can further comprise formation.Described method can further comprise the formation modulator element to comprise bistable element.A kind of display driver can be by described method manufacturing.A kind of display also can manufacture and comprise described display driver.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is an isometric perspective figure, it shows the part of an embodiment of an interferometric modulator display, wherein one of one first interferometric modulator removable mirror is in reflection (or " opening ") position, with a fixed mirror at a distance of a preset distance, and the removable mirror of one second interferometric modulator is in a non-reflection (or " pass ") position.
Fig. 2 is a system block diagram, and it shows that one comprises an embodiment of the electronic installation of one 3 * 3 interferometric modulator displays.
Fig. 3 is the removable mirror position of an exemplary embodiments of interferometric modulator shown in Figure 1 and the graph of a relation of the voltage that applies.
Fig. 4 can be used for driving several groups of row voltage of interferometric modulator display and the synoptic diagram of column voltage.
Fig. 5 A and Fig. 5 B show and can be used for a frame of display data is write the capable signal of 3 * 3 interferometric modulator displays shown in Figure 3 and an exemplary sequential chart of column signal.
Fig. 6 A is the sectional view of a device shown in Figure 1.
Fig. 6 B is a sectional view of an alternate embodiment of an interferometric modulator.
Fig. 6 C is a sectional view of an alternate embodiment of an interferometric modulator.
Fig. 7 is for showing the sequential chart of a series of row and column signals that are applied to 3 * 3 arrays shown in Figure 2, and for example, it will produce the demonstration shown in Fig. 5 A and arrange, and wherein the pixel of excited target is non-reflectivity.
Fig. 8 is the block scheme of exemplary display driver, and described display driver is configured to export the driver signal of the array of the modulator element that is used for display device.
Fig. 9 is the block scheme that is configured to export the exemplary short pulse module of enabling signal, and the described signal of enabling can be provided to row level shifter shown in Figure 8 so that control the operation of described level shifter.
Figure 10 is for showing the process flow diagram of the exemplary methods of controlling a level shifter.
Figure 11 A and Figure 11 B are the system block diagram that shows an embodiment of the visual display device that comprises a plurality of interferometric modulators.
Embodiment
Because the bi-stable character of interferometric modulator element, available one common voltage difference maintains actuated state or release conditions with the state of each modulator element.Because the modulator element variable condition usually need be than the time less time that is allocated in the line time, be dragged the power of getting so can reduce by the one or both in the forbidding row and column boost in voltage module by a modulator element array, described row and column boost in voltage module is configured to import power supply with one and is amplified to a level that is suitable for the driven modulator element.For example, if during the aft section of a line time, remove column voltage, so during the remainder of described line time, row voltage is set at one to be enough to the voltage difference between described capable voltage and the described unsteady column voltage is maintained level in the burning voltage scope.As used herein, " OK " and " row " is not limited to the conventional sense of horizontal direction and vertical direction respectively.Although some embodiment has kept its conventional sense, other embodiment are really not so.In certain embodiments, level is vertically classified in behavior as.In other embodiments, the both out-of-level also out of plumb of row and column, and can be vertical angular orientation relative to each other.So in this article, row is arbitrarily with the sign of row.
Following embodiment relates to some embodiments of the invention.But the present invention can implement by being permitted different ways.With reference to the accompanying drawings, in the accompanying drawings, similar parts use similar number-mark from start to finish in the embodiment of this paper.To be not difficult to find that the present invention can show that no matter one be motion (video) or static (rest image) and no matter be to implement in the device of image of literal or picture form any being configured to according to following description.More specifically, expection the present invention can implement in inferior multiple electronic installation or is associated with these electronic installations for example (but being not limited to): mobile phone, wireless device, personal digital assistant (PDA), handheld computer or portable computer, gps receiver/omniselector, camera, the MP3 player, video camera (camcorder), game machine, wrist-watch, clock, counter, TV monitor, flat-panel monitor, computer monitor, automotive displays (for example, mileometer display etc.), driving cabin controller and/or display, the camera view display (for example, the rear view cameras display of vehicle), electronic photo, electronics billboard or label, projector, building structure (for example layout of brick and tile), packing and aesthetic structures (for example, the image display of a jewelry).More generally, can in electronic switching system, its manufacturing and use, realize structure and method described herein.More generally, invention can be implemented in the electronic switching device.The spatial light modulator that is used for imaging applications has the different form of many kinds.Transmissive type liquid crystal display (LCD) modulator reverses and/or arranges with blocking-up or by light by the control crystalline material, thereby light is modulated.Reflective spatial light modulator then utilizes various physical influences to control the amount of the light that reflexes to imaging surface.The example of this reflective modulator comprises reflective LCD and digital micro-mirror device.
Another example of spatial light modulator is one by interfering the interferometric modulator that light is modulated.Show an interferometric modulator display embodiment who contains an emission-type MEMS display element among Fig. 1.In these devices, pixel is in bright state or dark state.Under bright (" opening (on) " or " opening (open) ") state, the bistable state display element reflects incident light to the user.Be in dark (" closing (off) " or " closing (closed) ") state following time, bistable state display element absorbing light and almost do not have light to reflect to the user.Decide on embodiment, display 110 can be configured under " pass " state emission light, absorbing light under " opening " state is promptly put upside down the light reflectance properties of " opening " and " pass " state.The MEMS pixel also can be configured to only reflect selected color, thereby produces colored a demonstration but not white and black displays.
Fig. 1 is an isometric perspective figure, and it shows that one comprises two neighbors in the delegation of an embodiment of visual displays of MEMS interferometric modulator.One interferometric modulator display comprises a row/column array of being made up of these interferometric modulators.Each interferometric modulator includes a pair of mirror, they each other at a distance of one the distance to form an optical resonator.In one embodiment, one of them mirror can move between at least two positions.In primary importance, described removable mirror is positioned at apart from another mirror one first distance, so that this interferometric modulator is mainly is reflexive.In the second place, described removable mirror is positioned at a different distance, for example near this fixed mirror, so that this interferometric modulator is mainly is absorbefacient.
Shown pixel array portion comprises two adjacent interferometric modulator 12a and 12b that are arranged in delegation.Shown in interferometric modulator embodiment in, show that removable mirror 14a is in reflection (" release ", " opening " or " opening ") position at a fixing part mirror 16a, 16b one preset distance place.Show among the figure that the removable mirror 14b of interferometric modulator 12b is in the non-reflection of close part mirror (partial mirror) 16b, absorbability (" excited target ", " pass " or " closing ") position.
Fixed mirror 16a, 16b tool electric conductivity, and can (for example) by deposition chromium layer and indium tin oxide layer on a transparent substrates 18 and subsequently these layer patterns are changed into parallel bar and bring and make, and can form the row electrode.The removable mirror 14a, the 14b that follow direction can form a series of parallel bands that formed by one or more depositing metal layers (with row electrode 16a, 16b quadrature) on substrate 18, wherein aluminium is a kind of suitable material, and can form column electrode.
When a selected row and column applies a potential difference (PD), the electric capacity that column electrode on the pixel of correspondence and row electrode intersection form will charge, and electrostatic force is moved these electrodes together to.If voltage is enough high, travelling electrode is pressed against on the stationary electrode and (can deposits a dielectric material on stationary electrode, to prevent short circuit and to control spacing) so, shown in the pixel on right side among Fig. 1.Regardless of the polarity of the potential difference (PD) that is applied, operating condition (behavior) is all identical.In this way, OK/reflective condition and the absorbing state of each pixel of row excitations may command.
Fig. 2 to Fig. 5 shows the exemplary process and the system that use an interferometric modulator array in display application.Fig. 2 is a system block diagram, and its demonstration can comprise an embodiment of the electronic installation of the some aspects of the present invention.In described exemplary embodiments, described electronic installation comprises a processor 20, and it can be any general purpose single-chip or multicore sheet microprocessor, for example ARM,
Pentium
Pentium
Pentium
Pro, 8051,
Power
Or any special microprocessor, for example digital signal processor, microcontroller or programmable gate array.According to convention in the industry, processor 20 can be configured to carry out one or more software modules.Except that carrying out an operating system, also this processor can be configured to carry out one or more software applications, comprise web browser, telephony application, e-mail program or any other software application.
In one embodiment, processor 20 also can be configured to communicate with an array controller 22.In one embodiment, array control unit 22 comprises horizontal drive circuit 24 and the column drive circuit 26 that signal is provided to array 30.The xsect of array shown in Fig. 1 illustrates with line 1-1 in Fig. 2.The several portions of array control unit 22 and other circuit and function can be provided by a graphics controller that is connected usually between an actual displayed driver and the general purpose microprocessor.The exemplary embodiments of described graphics controller comprises 69030 or 69455 controllers of Chips and Technology company, the S1D1300 series and the Solomon Systech 1906 of Seiko Epson.
For the MEMS interferometric modulator, described row/row excitation protocol can utilize the hysteresis property of these devices shown in Figure 3.It for example may need, and one 10 volts potential difference (PD) makes pixel be deformed into foment from release conditions.Yet, when voltage when this value reduces, be brought down below before 2 volts at voltage, pixel can not discharge.Thereby have a voltage range (in example shown in Figure 3 for about 3V to 7V), and existence one stability window in this voltage range, in this stability window, device will remain in it residing any state when beginning.Therefore, OK/the row excitation protocol can be designed to be expert at and treat that in gating is capable actuated pixel applies about 10 volts voltage difference during the gating, and apply voltage difference near 0 volt to pixel to be discharged.After gating, it is poor to apply about 5 volts steady state voltage to pixel, makes its residing any state so that it remains in capable gating.After being written into, in this example, each pixel all experiences the potential difference (PD) in the 3-7 volt " stability window ".This characteristic makes pixel design shown in Figure 1 be stabilized in an existing foment or release conditions under identical the voltage conditions that applies.Owing to no matter be in foment or release conditions, each pixel of interferometric modulator all is a capacitor that is formed by described fixed mirror and moving lens basically, thus this steady state (SS) can be maintained in the lag windwo voltage down and almost inactivity consumption.If the current potential that mirror does not move and applied is fixed, then there is not electric current to flow into pixel basically.
In the typical case uses, by determining that according to one group of desired actuated pixels in first row one group of row electrode can form a display frame.After this, horizontal pulse is put on the electrode of row 1, thereby encourage the pixel corresponding with determined alignment.After this, determined one group of row electrode is become corresponding with desired one group of actuated pixels in second row.After this, pulse is put on the electrode of row 2, thereby come suitable pixel in the action line 2 according to determined row electrode.The pixel of row 1 is not subjected to the influence of the pulse of row 2, and remains under the state that its impulse duration of 1 of being expert at is set.The property mode repeats this process to the row of whole series in order, to form described frame.Usually, repeating this process continuously by the speed with a certain required frame number/second to refresh and/or upgrade these frames with new video data.Also have other a variety of row and row electrodes that are used to drive pel array also to be known, and can be used for the present invention by people with the agreement that forms display frame.
Fig. 4 and Fig. 5 show a possible excitation protocol that is used for forming a display frame on 3 * 3 arrays shown in Figure 2.Fig. 4 shows the one group of possible row of the pixel that can be used for those hysteresis curves that represent Fig. 3 and the voltage level of going.In the embodiment shown in fig. 4, encouraging a pixel to comprise is set to suitable row-V
Bias, and suitable row is set to+Δ V.By suitable row are set to+V
BiasAnd suitable row is set to identical+Δ V realizes the release of pixel.Remain in 0 volt the row at those row voltages, pixel is stable at its residing any state at first, and is to be in+V with these row
BiasStill-V
BiasIrrelevant.
Fig. 5 B is a series of sequential charts that are applied to the row and column signal of 3 * 3 arrays shown in Figure 2 of a demonstration, and it will form the demonstration shown in Fig. 5 A and arrange, and wherein actuated pixels is non-reflectivity.Before writing the frame shown in Fig. 5 A, pixel can be in any state, and in this example, all row all are in 5 volts, and all row all are in 10 volts.In this state, all pixels are stable at its existing foment or release conditions.
In the frame shown in Fig. 5 A, pixel (1,1), (1,2), (2,2), (3,2) and (3,3) excited target.For realizing this, during be expert at 1 " line time (line time) ", row 1 and row 2 are set at 0 volt, and row 3 are set at 10 volts.This can not change the state of any pixel, because all pixels all remain in the stability window of 3-7 volt.After this, rise to 10 volts of pulses that are back to 5 volts that descend again then by one from 5 volts and come gating capable 1.This has encouraged pixel (1,1) and (1,2) and has discharged pixel (1,3).Other pixels in the array are all unaffected.For row 2 is set at desired state, row 2 is set at 0 volt, and row 1 and row 3 are set at 10 volts.After this, apply identical strobe pulse with actuate pixel (2,2) and discharge pixel (2,1) and (2,3) to row 2.Equally, other pixels in the array are all unaffected.Similarly, by row 2 and row 3 being set at 0 volt and row 1 are set at 10 volts and row 3 is set.The strobe pulse of row 3 is set at row 3 pixels shown in Fig. 5 A.After writing incoming frame, the row current potential is 0, and the row current potential can remain on 10 or 0 volts, and after this demonstration will be stable at the arrangement shown in Fig. 5 A.Should be appreciated that, can use identical programs the array that constitutes by tens of or hundreds of row and columns.The timing, order and the level that should also be clear that the voltage that is used to carry out row energization and row excitation can alter a great deal in above-mentioned General Principle, and above-mentioned example only is exemplary, and any actuation voltage method all can be used for the present invention.
Detailed structure according to the interferometric modulator of above-mentioned principle operation can have a great difference.For example, Fig. 6 A shows three different embodiment of moving lens structure to Fig. 6 C.Fig. 6 A is a sectional view embodiment illustrated in fig. 1, and wherein strip of metal material 16 is deposited on the support member 18 of quadrature extension.In Fig. 6 B, removable mirror only is attached to support member at the corner place, on tethers 32.In Fig. 6 C, mirror 16 hangs on the deformable film 34.Present embodiment has advantage, because the structural design of mirror 16 and material therefor can be optimized aspect optical characteristics, and the structural design of deformable layer 34 and material therefor can be optimized aspect the desired mechanical property.Described the production of various dissimilar interferometric device in many open files, comprised the open application case of (for example) No. 2004/0051929 U.S., this case is incorporated herein with way of reference in full.
Need electronic installation and especially those provide the device (such as mancarried device) of power to have low power consumption by battery.The electronic installation of driving display consumes a large amount of overall apparatus power usually, and therefore needs to reduce the power consumption of drive electronics.
Fig. 7 is applied to the sequential chart of a series of row and column signals of 3 * 3 arrays shown in Figure 2 for showing (for example), and it produces the demonstration shown in Fig. 5 A and arranges, and wherein the pixel of excited target is non-reflectivity.In the embodiment shown in fig. 7, the array of modulator element by about 10 volts voltage difference excitation, discharges by about 0 volt voltage difference, and maintains its position by the steady voltage difference in about 3 to 7 volts scope respectively.In other embodiments, described row and column voltage can be set at any level that is suitable for the modulator element of driving display.
In the frame shown in Fig. 5 A, pixel (1,1), (1,2), (2,2), (3,2) and (3,3) excited target.Therefore, during 1 the line time of being expert at, come capable 1 voltage of gating by rising to 10 volts of pulses that roll back 5 volts then again down from 5 volts.Begin the place at line time, row 1 and row 2 are set at 0 volt, row 3 are set at 10 volts near row 1.Thus, pixel (1,1) and (1,2) (owing on modulator element, applied about 10 volts voltages) and discharged pixel (1,3) (owing on modulator element, having applied about 0 volt of voltage) have been encouraged.In the embodiment of Fig. 7, during activationary time 710, wherein set appropriate level for according to the capable voltage of data-signal 804 (Fig. 8) gating and with column voltage, indicated as mentioned, row 1 element is changed over its desired state.As shown in Figure 7, activationary time 710 is less than line time.In one embodiment, interferometric modulator needs about 10 delicately to come variable condition, and therefore activationary time is made as about 10 delicate.Yet in other embodiments, activationary time 710 can be made as other any values less than described line time.
Behind activationary time 710, can be expert at by (for example) applies about 5 volts burning voltage on each modulator element in 1, keeps the state of the element in the row 1.Advantageously, behind activationary time 710, can forbid the row level shifter 812 (Fig. 8) that is configured to provide the voltage that is applied to the row terminal, during the row forbidding time 720, drag the power of getting from power supply thereby reduce.Forbidding described level shifter can comprise and make at least one disconnection from its power supply, ground power supply (ground supply) and row load (column load) of described level shifter 812.Other forbidding mechanism also are possible.Some forbidding mechanism can comprise uses the input data as signal.Data are enabled module 820 (Fig. 8) and can be configured to during this row forbidding time 720, make the row terminal ground connection of the array of modulator element.Therefore, because whenever listing to have on 0 volt and the described row and having 5 volts of described array so applied about 5 volts on each modulator element, maintains its current state with each modulator element.Near the end of described current line time or similarly near the beginning of subsequently line time the time, short pulse module 900 (Fig. 8 and Fig. 9) can be enabled row level shifter 812 (Fig. 8), so that the appropriate voltage level of next line is provided to the row terminal.
Fig. 8 is the block scheme of exemplary display driver 800, and described display driver 800 is configured to export the driver signal of the array of the modulator element that is used for display device.Particularly, display driver 800 output be used for through being couple to modulator element each row line output terminal 840 on signal and be used for signal on each the row outlet terminal 830 of described row through being couple to modulator element.Advantageously, during the row forbidding time 720, at least a portion of display driver 800 its circuit of forbidding, thus reduced the power that display driver 800 is consumed.In the exemplary embodiments of Fig. 8, during the row forbidding time 720, with row outlet terminal ground connection, and line output terminal 840 provides bias voltage, for example 5 volts bias voltage.
Each of level shifter 812,814 can comprise and is configured to a plurality of DC-DC change-over circuits, operational amplifier of the electric signal from power supply 816 being boosted to one or more expectation level etc.The use that is configured to source voltage is increased to the voltage booster that drives the necessary voltage of described modulator element has been discussed as embodiment described herein, be understood by those skilled in the art that, in other embodiments, level shifter 812,814 can be configured to described input voltage is reduced to the necessary voltage of the described modulator element of driving.
In the embodiment of Fig. 8, data are enabled module 820 and are conductively coupled to row level shifter 812, suitable voltage level can be provided to row outlet terminal 830.For example, data 824 can contain 3 volts or the binary data of 0 vor signal form of the state of wanting of representing modulator element.In the embodiment of Fig. 8, data are enabled module 820 and are configured to export 10 vor signals that are used on each row outlet terminal 830, and it is corresponding with 3 vor signals that receive from latch 818.Therefore, the state of modulator element can be stored in the shift register 824, and latch 818 uses than changing the lower voltage level of the necessary voltage level of modulator element state.
In the embodiment of Fig. 8, control signal (CTRL) module 802 is couple to latch 818, and is configured to provide the expression horizontal synchronization output signal when new line time begins.In one embodiment, when control module 802 expressions had begun new line time, latch 818 was exported shift register 822 output latchs to latch.Then, these data are passed data and are enabled module 820 arrival row outlet terminals during activationary time.
As shown in Figure 8, exemplary display driver 800 comprises a short pulse module 820, described short pulse module 820 be configured to provide can be used for controlling row level shifter 812 and data enable module 820 operation enable signal.In general, short pulse module 820 is configured to forbid row level shifter 814 later at activationary time 710 warps, and makes row level shifter 814 keep deactivations to begin up to the next line time.In this way, the part of row level shifter 814 each line time of forbidding, row level shifter 814 employed power reduce, and the power that array consumed of modulator element reduces.In one embodiment, short pulse module 820 also is couple to data and enables module 820, and the signal that provides an expression when the output to all row should be made as ground connection.Specifically, during the row forbidding time 720 (Fig. 7), when forbidding row level shifter 812, short pulse module 820 can be enabled module 820 to data and be sent signal and indicate all row outlet terminals 830 all should ground connection.In this way, prevent that row outlet terminal 830 from taking place to float during the forbidding time 720 of forbidding row level shifter 812.During the row forbidding time 720, when line level shifter 814 stays open, provide a bias voltage (such as 5 volts) will on modulator element, keep described bias voltage on the outlet terminal 840 of being expert at.As mentioned above, if necessary, short pulse module 820 is configured to the deactivation of row level shifter 812 takes place so that only after the modulator element of the current line of described array has enough time change states.
In one embodiment, short pulse module 820 is also controlled the length (for example row voltage reaches 10 volts time among Fig. 7 embodiment) of row gating time and the deactivation of row level shifter 812.Exemplary display driver 800 comprises that one is couple to the pulse producer 842 of each line output terminal.Described pulse producer 842 can be configured to succession ground and will go strobe pulse and be provided to the row of described array.For example, during first line time, pulse producer 842A can be provided to a capable strobe pulse one first row of described array, during one second line time, pulse producer 842B can be provided to a capable strobe pulse one second row of described array, by that analogy.In the embodiment of Fig. 8, control module 802 is conductively coupled to described pulse producer 842, and shows when each succession line time begins.
In one embodiment, going the strobe pulse time equals activationary time 710 substantially.In this embodiment, during the row forbidding time 720, line output terminal 840 turns back to bias voltage (for example 5 volts).In one embodiment, short pulse module 820 is enabled signal (not shown) with one and is provided to pulse producer 842, and when expression row voltage termination 740 should turn back to its bias voltage.In one embodiment, when the signal of having determined from short pulse module 820 of enabling, row and column level shifter 812,814 all activates, and selected pulse producer 842 outputs to its other line output terminal with 10 volts voltage.In this embodiment, as negative (deassert) when enabling signal, such as at the end of activationary time 710, selected pulse generator 842 turns back to 5 volts, row level shifter 812 forbiddings, and data are enabled and are made row outlet terminal 830 ground connection.Therefore, when enabling signal and negated, row level shifter 812 un-activations and can not drag from power supply 816 and get power.
Although described the operation of display driver 800 with reference to forbidding row level shifter 812 during the part of line time, but in other embodiments, can forbid line level shifter 814 but not 812 couples of those skilled in the art of row level shifter will be conspicuous.
Fig. 9 is the block scheme that is configured to export the exemplary short pulse module 900 of enabling signal, and the described signal of enabling can be provided to the operation of row level shifter 812 (Fig. 8) with the control level shifter.In one embodiment, enable signal and also can be transmitted into pulse producer 842 (Fig. 8) to control capable gating time.Exemplary short pulse module 900 comprises 3 inputs: be provided for described activation signal 908, clock signal (CLK) 1007 and the CTRL signal 902 of enabling the signal level of wanting of signal, such as from CTRL module 802.
In the embodiment of Fig. 9, CLK802 can be the square wave with the 25MHz vibration, and it is typical VGA data transfer rate.Perhaps, CLK802 can be any other frequency of clock signal.Counter 901 is configured to count each CLK pulse, and in the beginning of each line time, 902 inputs of CTRL signal reset to 0 with counter 901.R-S flip-flop 904 provides enables output.Be understood by those skilled in the art that when set input 905 was determined, trigger 904 was through triggering with output activation signal 908.In one embodiment, when enabling signal and equal activation signal 908, gating select row and activate row level shifter 812.The output that keeps trigger 904 is up to determining signal in the input 906 that resets.
In operation, when definite CTRL signal 902, pulse producer 903 can be used for producing a CLK broad pulse, can determine that therefore asserts signal 905 and configurable trigger 1004 enable signal with output.When the counting in the counter 901 equals one when representing the predetermined value of activationary time 710, CLK broad pulse of equivalent electrical circuit 902 outputs.Output forbidding counter 901 from equivalent electrical circuit 902 can reactivate described counter 901 when then determining CTRL signal 902, represent a new line time.Also determine to negate the input 906 that resets of enabling signal from the output of equivalent electrical circuit 902.In one embodiment, when negating when enabling signal, the output of short pulse module 900 equals 0, and select row turns back to the bias voltage (for example 5 volts) among the embodiment of Fig. 7 and Fig. 8, and data are enabled circuit with the row electrode grounding, and row level shifter 812 is disabled.In this way, short pulse module 900 is controlled the wherein time of row level shifter 812 activation.
In one embodiment, the activationary time 710 required minimum time of interferometric modulator state for a change.Yet this circuit can be used in combination with the display of other types, is provided to the pulse of display with minimizing.Short pulse module such as short pulse module 900 can be couple to existing display driver, maybe can incorporate display device into.
Figure 10 is the process flow diagram of the exemplary methods of explanation control one level shifter.As mentioned above, by reducing the time of activating the row or column level shifter, can reduce display driver and drag the general power of getting, and can prolong the life-span of power supply.
In square frame 1010, data are write one group of modulator element in the modulator element array.In one embodiment, upgrade the array that element row refreshes modulator element by succession ground.In this embodiment, this group modulator element comprises one or the multirow modulator element.In an advantageous embodiments, this group modulator element comprises delegation's modulator element.
In another embodiment, this group modulator element can comprise a row element or any other son group modulator element in the array.For example, in one embodiment, a part of modulator element in an array can be than other parts frequent updating still less of described array.Therefore, this group modulator element can comprise the more part in the modulator element that upgrades of multi-frequency of those needs only.
In square frame 1020, a power signal that amplifies is provided to one schedule time of forbidding in the level shifter of display driver.In the embodiment of Fig. 7 and Fig. 8, (for example) forbids row level shifter 812 during the row forbidding time 720.In another embodiment, can during the similar portions of each line time, forbid described line level shifter.In this embodiment, the row level shifter can be configured to provide a bias voltage to modulator element, forbids described line level shifter simultaneously.In an advantageous embodiments, the disabled time in the described level shifter changes the required time of state greater than modulator element in the array.
In square frame 1030, reactivate the level shifter of being forbidden.In the embodiment of Fig. 7 and Fig. 8, (for example) reactivates row level shifter 812 near the beginning of each line time the time.Therefore, row level shifter 812 can be provided to suitable voltage level data and enable the state that module 820 is used to set modulator element.In one embodiment, before new line time begins, enable row level shifter 812, so that when line time begins, the voltage level that is amplified can be used for data and enables module 820.In another embodiment, (such as activationary time 720) can enable row level shifter 812 after line time begins and before activationary time.During the part of line time among the disabled embodiment of line level shifter, reactivate the line level shifter therein at square frame 1030.
Reactivating under the situation of level shifter, described method turns back to square frame 1010, and another group modulator element (such as another row display element) is repeated square frame 1010,1020 and 1030.
Figure 11 A and Figure 11 B are the system block diagram of an embodiment of demonstration one display device 2040.Display device 2040 can be (for example) cellular phone or mobile phone.Yet the same components of display device 2040 or its slight variations also can illustrate dissimilar display device, for example TV or portable electronic device.
The display 2030 of exemplary display device 2040 can be any in the many kinds of displays, comprises bistable display as described herein.In other embodiments, know as the those skilled in the art, display 2030 comprises a flat-panel monitor, for example, and aforesaid plasma, EL, OLED, STN LCD or TFT LCD; Or non-tablet display, for example CRT or other tube arrangements.But, as described herein, for the purpose of explanation present embodiment, display 2030 comprises an interferometric modulator display.
The assembly that in Figure 11 B, schematically shows an embodiment of exemplary display device 2040.Shown in exemplary display device 2040 comprise a shell 2041 and can comprise that other are at least partially enclosed within the assembly in the shell 2041.For example, in one embodiment, exemplary display device 2040 comprises a network interface 2027, and network interface 2027 comprises that one is coupled to the antenna 2043 of a transceiver 2047.Transceiver 2047 is connected to and regulates the processor 2021 that hardware 2052 links to each other.Regulate hardware 2052 and can be configured to regulate a signal (for example signal being carried out filtering).Regulate hardware 2052 and be connected to a loudspeaker 2045 and a microphone 2046.Processor 2021 also is connected to an input media 2048 and a driving governor 2029.Driving governor 2029 is coupled to one frame buffer 2028 and array driver 2022, and array driver 2022 is coupled to a display array 2030 again.One power supply 2050 provides power according to the designing requirement of this particular exemplary display device 2040 to all component.
In an alternate embodiment, transceiver 2047 can be substituted by a receiver.In another alternate embodiment, network interface 2027 can be substituted by an image source that can store or produce the view data to processor 2021 to be sent.For example, this image source can be the software module that hard disk drive or that a digital video disk (DVD) or comprises view data produces view data.
Although above embodiment shows, describe and pointed out that the present invention is applied to the novel feature of various embodiment, it should be understood that, the those skilled in the art can be under the situation that does not break away from spirit of the present invention to shown in device or the form and the details of process make various omissions, substitute or change.Should be appreciated that, use or implement that the present invention can not provide in the form of all feature and advantage as herein described one and implements because some feature can be independent of other features.
Claims (37)
1. display device, it is configured to drive an array that comprises a plurality of modulator elements, each described modulator element all is connected to a row electrode and a column electrode and is configured to by being applied to the driven on the described row and column electrode, one state of the described actuation components in one respective columns of wherein said array is configured to be modified during a wherein capable voltage is connected to the line time of described respective columns electrode, and described driver comprises:
One is configured to produce the capable stepup transformer of capable voltage;
One is configured to produce the row stepup transformer of column voltage; With
One disabled module, it is configured to forbid one in described capable stepup transformer and the described row stepup transformer during the part of described line time, voltage that produces by another person of not forbidden in described capable stepup transformer and the described row stepup transformer and the voltage difference between the reference voltage described state of keeping the described modulator element in the described respective columns wherein by described disabled module, and wherein said voltage difference is in the stability window of described modulator element.
2. display device according to claim 1, wherein said capable stepup transformer and row stepup transformer respectively comprise at least one in level shifter, DC-DC change-over circuit and the operational amplifier.
3. display device according to claim 1, wherein said disabled module are configured to the described row stepup transformer of forbidding during the described part of described line time.
4. display device according to claim 3, wherein said capable stepup transformer are configured to keep activating during the described forbidding part of described line time, to provide a bias voltage on each described column electrode.
5. display device according to claim 4, wherein said bias voltage are 5 volts.
6. display device according to claim 3, it further comprises data and enables module, and described data are enabled the described row electrode that module is configured to during the described part of described line time a reference voltage be outputed to described array.
7. display device according to claim 1, wherein said disabled module are configured to the described capable stepup transformer of forbidding during the described part of described line time.
8. display device according to claim 7, wherein said row stepup transformer are configured to keeping activation during the described part of described line time and provide a bias voltage on each described row electrode.
9. display device according to claim 8, wherein said bias voltage are 5 volts.
10. display device according to claim 7, it further comprises data and enables module, and described data are enabled the described column electrode that module is configured to during the described part of described line time a reference voltage be outputed to described array.
11. display device according to claim 1, wherein said modulator element comprises bistable element.
12. display device according to claim 1, it further comprises:
One with described a plurality of modulator elements in the processor of at least one telecommunication, described processor is configured to image data processing; With
One with the memory device of described processor telecommunication.
13. display device according to claim 12, it further comprises one and is configured to the image source module of described image data transmission to described processor.
14. display device according to claim 13, wherein said image source module comprises at least one in receiver, transceiver and the transmitter.
15. display device according to claim 12, it further comprises an input media that is configured to receive the input data and described input data is sent to described processor.
16. a display driver, it comprises:
Be used to produce the one or more member that is connected to the capable voltage of column electrode;
Be used to produce the one or more member that is connected to the column voltage of row electrode;
The member that is used for the modulator element of the delegation of modification an array during one of them a row voltage is connected to the line time of described respective columns;
Be used for during the part of described line time the described capable voltage of forbidding and produce the member that member and described column voltage produce one of member, wherein produce the state that member and described column voltage produce the described modulator element of the described row that voltage that another person of not forbidden by the described member that is used for forbidding in the member produces and the voltage difference between the reference voltage maintain described array, and wherein said voltage difference is in the stability window of described modulator element by described capable voltage.
17. display driver according to claim 16, wherein said capable voltage generation member and described column voltage generation member respectively comprise at least one in level shifter, DC-DC change-over circuit and the operational amplifier.
18. display driver according to claim 16, wherein said modulator element comprise the MEMS device of the intersection that is formed on described row and column electrode, and described modification member comprises a display driving circuit that is configured to drive described row and column electrode.
19. display driver according to claim 16, wherein said modulator element comprises the row and column electrode, and described forbidding member comprises a display driving circuit, and described display driving circuit is configured to optionally drive described row and column electrode based on the input from timing circuit.
20. display driver according to claim 16, wherein said modification member is configured to revise a state that comprises each element in the array of a plurality of modulator elements, and each described modulator element is connected to a row electrode and a column electrode and is configured to separately drive by described capable voltage and described column voltage.
21. display driver according to claim 16, wherein said modulator element comprises bistable element.
The described column voltage of forbidding produces member during the described part of described line time 22. display driver according to claim 16, wherein said forbidding member are configured to.
23. display driver according to claim 22, wherein said capable voltage produce member and are configured to keep activating and provide a bias voltage on each described row during the described forbidding part of described line time.
24. display driver according to claim 22, it further comprises the member that is used on the described row electrode that during the described part of described line time a reference voltage is driven into described array.
25. display driver according to claim 24, wherein said drive member comprise a row stepup transformer.
The described capable voltage of forbidding produces member during the described part of described line time 26. display driver according to claim 16, wherein said forbidding member are configured to.
27. display driver according to claim 26, wherein said column voltage produce member and are configured to keep activating and providing a bias voltage each described listing during the described part of described line time.
28. display driver according to claim 26, it further comprises the member that is used on the described column electrode that during the described part of described line time a reference voltage is driven into described array.
29. display driver according to claim 28, wherein said drive member comprise a capable stepup transformer.
30. a display, it comprises display driver according to claim 16.
31. method of upgrading a viewing area, described viewing area comprises a plurality of modulator elements that are arranged in row and column configuration, wherein said modulator element respectively has an excitation and release conditions, described excitation and release conditions can be selected by the voltage difference between the column electrode that is conductively coupled to indivedual modulator elements separately and the row electrode, each described modulator element is configured to keep when box lunch applies voltage in the stability window between the described column electrode of described indivedual modulator elements and described row electrode the state of described modulator element, each row of wherein said modulator element is assigned with the state that a line time is used to change the described actuation components of described respective columns, and described method comprises:
A capable voltage is applied to the modulator element of a select row;
According to an expectation state of the described modulator element that is used for described select row, at least one column voltage is applied to the modulator element of select column with drive circuit; With
Before finishing described line time, the part of described at least one column voltage of forbidding, wherein maintain the state of the described modulator element in the described select row by the voltage difference between a described capable voltage and the reference voltage, wherein said voltage difference is in described stability window.
32. method according to claim 31, wherein said reference voltage is enabled module by data and is provided.
33. method according to claim 31, it further locates at the end of about described line time another column voltage to be applied to the select column of modulator element according to another expectation state of going that is used for modulator element.
34. method of making a display driver, described display driver is configured to drive an array that comprises a plurality of modulator elements, each described modulator element is connected to a row electrode and a column electrode and is configured to separately drive by the voltage that is applied to described row and column electrode, one state of the described modulator element in one respective columns of wherein said array be configured to one wherein delegation's voltage line time durations of being connected to described respective columns electrode be modified, or one of wherein said array not Lie in a state of described modulator element be configured to one wherein the column voltage alignment time durations that is connected to described indivedual row electrodes be modified, described method comprises:
Form one and be configured the capable stepup transformer that produces a capable voltage;
Form one and be configured the row stepup transformer that produces a column voltage; With
Form a disabled module, it is configured to forbid one in described capable stepup transformer and the described row stepup transformer during the part of described row or column line time, voltage that produces by another person of not forbidden among described capable stepup transformer and the described row stepup transformer and the voltage difference between the reference voltage described state that maintains the described modulator element in the described respective columns wherein by described disabled module, and wherein said voltage difference is in the stability window of described modulator element.
35. method according to claim 34, it further comprises formation one data and enables module, and described data are enabled the described row electrode that module is configured to during the described part of described row or column line time a reference voltage be outputed to described array.
36. a display driver, it is by the described method manufacturing of claim 34.
37. a display, it comprises a display driver of making by the described method of claim 34.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US61341804P | 2004-09-27 | 2004-09-27 | |
| US60/613,418 | 2004-09-27 | ||
| US11/062,143 | 2005-02-18 |
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| CN100585675C true CN100585675C (en) | 2010-01-27 |
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| US7977931B2 (en) * | 2008-03-18 | 2011-07-12 | Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. | Family of current/power-efficient high voltage linear regulator circuit architectures |
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| CN1397060A (en) * | 2000-10-05 | 2003-02-12 | 皇家菲利浦电子有限公司 | Bistable chiral nematic liquid crystal display and method of driving the same |
| CN1398393A (en) * | 2000-10-05 | 2003-02-19 | 皇家菲利浦电子有限公司 | Bistable chiral nematic liquid crystal display and method of driving same |
| CN1426038A (en) * | 2001-12-12 | 2003-06-25 | 佳能株式会社 | Image display device and image display method |
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| US6278429B1 (en) * | 1998-09-11 | 2001-08-21 | Kent State University | Bistable reflective cholesteric liquid crystal displays utilizing super twisted nematic driver chips |
| CN1397060A (en) * | 2000-10-05 | 2003-02-12 | 皇家菲利浦电子有限公司 | Bistable chiral nematic liquid crystal display and method of driving the same |
| CN1398393A (en) * | 2000-10-05 | 2003-02-19 | 皇家菲利浦电子有限公司 | Bistable chiral nematic liquid crystal display and method of driving same |
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