CN100582876C - Shear transformation polymer network infrared liquid crystal light valve and manufacturing method thereof - Google Patents
Shear transformation polymer network infrared liquid crystal light valve and manufacturing method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN100582876C CN100582876C CN 200810150485 CN200810150485A CN100582876C CN 100582876 C CN100582876 C CN 100582876C CN 200810150485 CN200810150485 CN 200810150485 CN 200810150485 A CN200810150485 A CN 200810150485A CN 100582876 C CN100582876 C CN 100582876C
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Abstract
The invention discloses a sheared polymer network infrared liquid crystal light valve and a production method thereof; a germanium substrate, a light guide layer, a sheared polymer network liquid crystal layer, an insulated paper washer and conductive glass of the infrared liquid crystal light valve are sequentially stacked from bottom to top and cured together through the corresponding process. The sheared polymer network infrared liquid crystal light valve is mainly characterized in that: a raw material of the sheared polymer network liquid crystal layer is a mixture which is prepared by using nematic liquid crystal and flexible UV optical adhesive according to a certain proportion; a semi-finished product of the liquid crystal light valve after the molding is implemented two times of UV exposures under high temperature and normal temperature and the mechanical shear, thereby allowing the liquid crystal mixture layer to be changed into the sheared polymer network liquid crystal layer; and the edge sealing is carried out to the sheared polymer network liquid crystal layer by using the adhesive under the shearing state. The infrared liquid crystal light valve of the invention has the advantages of wide spectrum, high frame rate, wide dynamic range, simple production process, low cost and high reliability, etc.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of image converter, promptly relate to a kind of infrared liquid crystal light valve that visible images can be converted to infrared image, relate in particular to a kind of infrared liquid crystal light valve based on shear transformation polymer network type liquid crystal and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
The modern weapons electro-optical system is a large amount of adopt multiple new and high technologies and progressively trend towards multiband, multisensor, multi-functional, automatically be the intelligence system of one.In order to satisfy the needs of modern weapons system emulation testing evaluation, the photoelectric simulation system develops to high precision, high frame frequency, wide spectrum and high spatial resolution direction.As a kind of core devices of IR Scene Generator, the research of infrared liquid crystal light valve has been subjected to common concern both domestic and external.
Infrared liquid crystal light valve is a kind of device that visible images is converted to infrared image.It is mainly by infrared conductive window, photoconductive layer, and transparent conducting glass, liquid crystal molecular orientation layer and liquid crystal layer are formed.The light inlet of writing that is produced by visible images is absorbed by photoconductive layer by transparent conducting glass, the voltage that causes being clipped on the liquid crystal layer changes, read light by infrared conductive window by what the black matrix infrared radiation produced, be subjected to liquid crystal layer modulation back and reflected, obtain the infrared image of being modulated by visible images at last by transparent conducting glass.2003 Chinese weapons academy of sciencess (2 0 5) graduate degree paper " imaging type Dynamic IR Scene transmitter-infrared liquid crystal light valve experimental study " a kind of reflecting light addressing infrared liquid crystal light valve is disclosed.This liquid crystal light valve successively by tin indium oxide (ITO) transparent conducting glass, photoconductive layer, oriented layer, liquid crystal layer, oriented layer, and germanium window form, by oriented layer liquid crystal molecule being produced is arranged in parallel, driving voltage is added between ITO layer and the germanium window, and the driving voltage frequency arrives several thousand Hz for hundreds of Hz.Read light from germanium window incident, reflected by the ITO layer through oriented layer, liquid crystal layer and photoconductive layer, write light inlet and absorbed by photoconductive layer from ito glass incident, the voltage that causes being added on the liquid crystal layer changes, read light and be subjected to the liquid crystal layer modulation, thereby obtain corresponding infrared image.Because the response speed (frame frequency) of this liquid crystal light valve is inversely proportional to the quadratic power of thickness of liquid crystal layer, and the dynamic range of liquid crystal light valve (the output temperature difference) is directly proportional with the thickness of liquid crystal layer, therefore to being operated in the liquid crystal light valve of infrared band, improve its dynamic range, just must increase thickness of liquid crystal layer, cause the decline of its response speed (frame frequency) so again.The parameter of this liquid crystal light valve is: thickness of liquid crystal layer is 10 μ m, and frame frequency is less than 30Hz, and spectral range is 2～14 μ m, and resolution is 10lp/mm.Because its frame frequency is low, the Infrared Scene of utilizing this liquid crystal light valve to produce can't satisfy the needs of l-G simulation test, infrared imaging tracking and the fire control system hardware-in-the-loop simulation of imaging type target seeker of new generation.Secondly, the complex manufacturing technology of this liquid crystal light valve needs plating oriented layer and packing ring, and pour into liquid crystal under vacuum condition.Cause air to enter liquid crystal easily after pouring into liquid crystal in addition, reduced the reliability of device.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is for improving the dynamic range and the frame frequency of existing infrared liquid crystal light valve, to provide a kind of shear transformation polymer network infrared liquid crystal light valve and preparation method thereof.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, shear transformation polymer network infrared liquid crystal light valve provided by the invention comprises that transparent conducting glass, several insulating paper packing rings, shear transformation polymer network liquid crystal layer, one side have the photoconductive layer of infrared anti-reflection film, the two-sided germanium substrate that is coated with infrared anti-reflection film; Described shear transformation polymer network liquid crystal layer is to form after through twice uv-exposure and mechanical shearing with the potpourri of nematic crystal and flexible ultraviolet optics glue, and the quality of nematic crystal and flexible ultraviolet optics glue accounts for 80～90% and 20～10% of described potpourri gross mass respectively; Described germanium substrate, photoconductive layer, shear transformation polymer network liquid crystal layer, insulating paper packing ring, electro-conductive glass stack successively from the bottom to top and are solidified togather by corresponding technology, wherein: one of electro-conductive glass plating conductive layer faces down, several insulating paper packing rings are evenly distributed on the edge of photoconductive layer plating infrared anti-reflection film one side, and shear transformation polymer network liquid crystal layer and several insulating paper packing rings are positioned at same aspect.
In shear transformation polymer network infrared liquid crystal light valve of the present invention, the trade mark of described nematic crystal and flexible ultraviolet optics glue is respectively E7 and NOA65, and both quality account for 85% and 15% of described potpourri gross mass respectively; The thickness of described shear transformation polymer network liquid crystal layer is 13 μ m.
The method for making of shear transformation polymer network infrared liquid crystal light valve provided by the invention comprises following processing step: be coated with conductive layer and form electro-conductive glass on glass substrate, be coated with infrared anti-reflection film on the two sides of germanium substrate; Photoconductive layer is bonded on the germanium substrate with heat-curable glue, on photoconductive layer, is coated with infrared anti-reflection film again; The bonding subassembly of germanium substrate, electro-conductive glass be placed on be heated to 90 ℃ in the temperature control box; Nematic crystal and flexible ultraviolet optics glue is placed in the glass container is uniformly mixed to form liquid crystal compound and container is heated to 90 ℃ by corresponding mass ratio; Several insulating paper packing rings evenly are placed on the edge of 90 ℃ of photoconductive layers and 90 ℃ liquid crystal compound are injected into the central authorities of photoconductive layer; 90 ℃ electro-conductive glass are slowly put down so that liquid crystal compound is full of the surface of photoconductive layer along the photoconductive layer edge in the inclination mode, on electro-conductive glass, apply downward pressure so that the consistency of thickness of the thickness of liquid crystal compound and described insulating paper packing ring and discharge bubble in the liquid crystal compound; The liquid crystal light valve semi-manufacture of above-mentioned acquisition are put in the temperature control box of 90 ℃～100 ℃ of constant temperature and with ultra violet lamp 30～40 minutes, afterwards semi-manufacture are taken out also natural cooling at room temperature in temperature control box, at room temperature aim at described semi-manufacture irradiation 30～40 minutes with uviol lamp again after the cooling; To be placed in the anchor clamps of shear through the liquid crystal light valve semi-manufacture behind the two step uv-exposures, with hold-down mechanism with its in side that vertical direction and anchor clamps tightened up and made electro-conductive glass just with shear contact with platform, drive the down cut platform at stepper motor electro-conductive glass moved a certain distance; Give the fluid sealant of the slit coating between electro-conductive glass and the photoconductive layer, and under shearing condition, make sealing glue solidifying more than 12 hours, take off the infrared liquid crystal light valve finished product of final formation again from shear.
In the manufacturing process of described shear transformation polymer network infrared liquid crystal light valve, described heat-curable glue is NOA83H, and bondline thickness is controlled at about 2 μ m; Described fluid sealant is that mass ratio is 1: 1 the Araldite rigidizer and the potpourri of Araldite resin.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is embodied in the following aspects.
What (one) infrared liquid crystal light valve provided by the invention adopted is the shear transformation polymer network liquid crystal layer, and this liquid crystal layer is to cut the back by the potpourri of nematic crystal and flexible ultraviolet optics glue before through twice uv-exposure and machinery to form.When liquid crystal compound through behind twice uv-exposure, flexible monomer in the liquid crystal compound forms polymer chain, the liquid crystal farmland is aggregated the thing network and surrounds, thereby form the converging network liquid crystal, after passing through mechanical shearing again, polymer chain obtains stretching, and the shape and the arrangement that drive the liquid crystal farmland change, thereby have formed shear converging network liquid crystal layer.Mechanical shearing makes on the one hand the liquid crystal farmland produce and is arranged in parallel that also equivalence has increased the elasticity of liquid crystal on the other hand, thereby has improved response speed of liquid crystal.In addition, because the response speed of shear transformation polymer network liquid crystal layer is little to the thickness dependence of liquid crystal layer, therefore, infrared liquid crystal light valve provided by the invention can improve frame frequency and dynamic range simultaneously.
(2) because shear converging network liquid crystal layer infrared liquid crystal light valve of the present invention is to be arranged in parallel by adopting the mechanical shearing mode that liquid crystal is produced, therefore do not need to plate oriented layer, use the insulating paper packing ring to replace the packing ring that is coated with in addition.Compare with infrared liquid crystal light valve of the prior art, infrared liquid crystal light valve of the present invention not only structure is simple more compact, and manufacture craft is simple, cost is low.
(3) because in the process of making liquid crystal light valve of the present invention, need under vacuum condition, not pour into liquid crystal compound, and formed shear transformation polymer network liquid crystal layer is not easy to suck air again, therefore, the reliability and the serviceable life of shear converging network liquid crystal layer infrared liquid crystal light valve device of the present invention have been improved.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the overall formation synoptic diagram of shear transformation polymer network infrared liquid crystal light valve of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the high temperature ultra-violet curing synoptic diagram during shear transformation polymer network infrared liquid crystal light valve is made.
Fig. 3 is the mechanical shearing synoptic diagram during shear transformation polymer network infrared liquid crystal light valve is made.
Embodiment
The present invention is described in further detail below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and preferred embodiment.
As shown in Figure 1, the shear transformation polymer network infrared liquid crystal light valve that provides of preferred embodiment of the present invention comprises the electro-conductive glass that contains glass substrate 1 and transparency conducting layer 2, three insulating paper packing rings 3, shear transformation polymer network liquid crystal layer 4, photoconductive layer 5, germanium substrate 7.Glass substrate 1 is selected K9 glass for use, and its diameter is 50mm, and thickness is 10mm.Transparency conducting layer 2 thickness are 20nm, and material is tin indium oxide (ITO), its at the mean transmissivity of 350nm～380nm long wave ultraviolet section greater than 60%.The thickness of insulating paper packing ring 3 is 13 μ m, the about 2mm of diameter.Insulating paper packing ring 3 effect is that THICKNESS CONTROL with shear transformation polymer network liquid crystal layer 4 is at 13 μ m.Shear transformation polymer network liquid crystal layer 4 is to be that the potpourri of 85% nematic crystal E7 and 15% flexible ultraviolet optics glue NOA65 forms after through twice uv-exposure and mechanical shearing by massfraction.The physical parameter of nematic crystal E7 is: cleaning point is 60 ℃, and fusing point is-10 ℃, and viscosity is 40cp in the time of 25 ℃, double refractive inde be 0.227 (20 ℃, 589.3nm), the specific inductive capacity in the time of 25 ℃ is 12.7; The physical parameter of ultraviolet optics glue NOA65 is: during 25 ℃ of viscosity is 1200cp, and elastic modulus is 20000psi, and limit of stretch is 80%.Photoconductive layer 5 is the thick gallium arsenide layer of 0.5mm, and it simultaneously is coated with infrared anti-reflection film, and photoconductive layer 5 is 50% at the mean transmissivity of 8～12 μ m, and the intrinsic absorbing wavelength is limited to 0.86 μ m, and resistivity is about 10
7Ω cm.Germanium substrate 7 two-sided plating infrared anti-reflection films 8, its mean transmissivity in 8～12 μ m drawback scopes is 80%.Germanium substrate 7, photoconductive layer 5, shear transformation polymer network liquid crystal layer 4, three insulating paper packing rings 3, electro-conductive glass stacks from the bottom to top successively and be solidified togather by corresponding technology, wherein: electro-conductive glass has one of conductive layer 2 to face down, three insulating paper packing rings 3 are evenly distributed on the edge of photoconductive layer 5 plating infrared anti-reflection film one sides, and shear transformation polymer network liquid crystal layer 4 and three insulating paper packing rings 3 are positioned at same aspect.
Make the required major equipment of shear transformation polymer network infrared liquid crystal light valve and comprise coating machine, ultraviolet exposure equipment sealant, shear.Coating machine is optical coating system commonly used.Ultraviolet exposure equipment sealant (referring to Fig. 2) contains temperature control box 9, uviol lamp 10, and temperature control box 9 has heating and constant temperature function and top and has the clear glass window; The average illumination of uviol lamp 10 in 350～380nm wavelength band is 30mw/cm
2Shear mainly comprises anchor clamps 13, hold-down mechanism 11, shears platform 12 (referring to Fig. 3), anchor clamps 13 are fixed on the shear, hold-down mechanism 11 is fixed on to be sheared on the platform, its effect is that the semi-manufacture and the anchor clamps 13 that are placed on the liquid crystal light valve in the anchor clamps 13 are tightened up, and prevents that liquid crystal light valve from producing motion up and down in the mechanical shearing process; Shearing platform 12 can move relative to anchor clamps 13 by along continuous straight runs under step motor control.
Be the main manufacturing process of shear transformation polymer network infrared liquid crystal light valve preferred embodiment below.
The first step is coated with conductive indium-tin oxide layer 2 with coating machine and forms the ITO electro-conductive glass, at the double coated infrared anti-reflection film of germanium substrate 7 on glass substrate 1.
In second step, the one side of photoconductive layer 5 is bonded on the germanium substrate 7 with heat-curable glue 6, and is coated with infrared anti-reflection film at the another side of photoconductive layer 5 with coating machine.The THICKNESS CONTROL of heat-curable glue 6 with the absorption of minimizing to infrared radiation, and keeps thickness even about 2 μ m.
The 3rd goes on foot, and the bonding subassembly of germanium substrate, ITO electro-conductive glass is placed on is heated to 90 ℃ in the temperature control box 9.
The 4th step was placed on E7 liquid crystal and NOA65 in the glass container and is uniformly mixed to form liquid crystal compound by 85: 15 mass ratio, container was heated to 90 ℃, to discharge the bubble that dissolves in the liquid crystal compound.
In the 5th step, cutting three areas with scissors is 2 * 2 insulating paper packing ring 3, evenly places at the edge of 90 ℃ of photoconductive layers 5, dips in the central authorities of getting 90 ℃ liquid crystal compound and dripping to photoconductive layer 5 with the thin glass bar that is heated to 90 ℃ then.
The 6th step, 90 ℃ ITO electro-conductive glass (having one of conductive layer to face down) are being pressed an insulating paper packing ring 3 in the inclination mode, and slowly put down along photoconductive layer 5 edges, make liquid crystal compound be full of the surface of photoconductive layer 5, on the ITO electro-conductive glass, apply downward pressure then so that the consistency of thickness of the thickness everywhere of liquid crystal compound layer (hereinafter to be referred as liquid crystal layer 4) and insulating paper packing ring 3 and discharge bubble in the liquid crystal compound.
The 7th step, the liquid crystal light valve semi-manufacture that the 6th step was obtained are put in the temperature control box 9 of 90 ℃ of constant temperature, make uviol lamp 10 see through clear glass window irradiating liquid crystal light valve semi-manufacture 30 minutes, afterwards semi-manufacture are taken out also natural cooling at room temperature in temperature control box 9, at room temperature aim at semi-manufacture irradiation 30 minutes with uviol lamp 10 again after the cooling, thereby twice uv-exposure finishing the liquid crystal compound layer solidifies.
The 8th step, to be placed on through the liquid crystal light valve semi-manufacture behind the uv-exposure in the anchor clamps 13 of shear, with hold-down mechanism 11 its side that tightens up and make the ITO electro-conductive glass at vertical direction and anchor clamps 13 just contact with shearing platform 12, the rotating speed of stepper motor is controlled at 18 μ m/s and drives shearing platform 11 move 200 microns.In this step, very important to the half-finished clamping of liquid crystal light valve, in case the ITO electro-conductive glass is upwards dug, the ITO electro-conductive glass only produces moving of horizontal direction when guaranteeing to shear.Usually, produce consistent arrangement for making liquid crystal, shear distance is more than 6 times of thickness of liquid crystal layer, and this preferred embodiment has been chosen 10 times.
The 9th step, with the slit between ITO electro-conductive glass and the conductive layer 5 is potpourri (both by mass ratio 1: the 1 mix) sealing of the edge of liquid crystal layer 4 with Araldite rigidizer and Araldite resin, and the solidification process that makes fluid sealant under shearing condition keeps taking off the infrared liquid crystal light valve finished product of final formation again from shear more than 12 hours.This glue envelope technology not only can prevent the ITO electro-conductive glass previous status that relaxes back, but also can prevent that impurity such as air from entering liquid crystal layer, improved the reliability of liquid crystal light valve thus.
In liquid crystal light valve of the present invention was made, twice uv-exposure step and mechanical shearing step were crucial.The effect of uv-exposure is the monomer polymerization reaction take place that makes among the NOA65, forms isotropic polymer network liquid crystal system.In this individual system, the liquid crystal farmland is arranged immediately to present various states and be aggregated thing and is cut apart.When thickness of liquid crystal layer during less than 30 μ m, the uv-exposure time is 30 minutes; When thickness of liquid crystal layer during greater than 30 μ m, the uv-exposure time needed 40 minutes or more than.The effect of mechanical shearing is the stretching by the mobile drive polymer chain of transparent conducting glass, makes the liquid crystal farmland in the polymer network produce deformation, and what be consistent is arranged in parallel, and the equivalent elasticity coefficient that has increased liquid crystal, has improved response speed of liquid crystal.
Usually, the operating voltage of shear transformation polymer network infrared liquid crystal light valve is higher than common nematic crystal light valve, and the driving voltage frequency of preferred embodiment of the present invention shear transformation polymer network infrared liquid crystal light valve is 1KHz～10KHz, and the operating voltage effective value is greater than 100V; The infrared image resolution of its output can reach 10lp/mm, and frame frequency is greater than 100Hz, and the output image maximum temperature difference is 9.5 ℃.Performance index are much better than the performance index of infrared liquid crystal light valve in the prior art.Therefore, the present invention can be applied to the generation of the Infrared Scene of wide spectrum, high frame frequency, great dynamic range, thereby realizes the emulation experiment and the assessment of imaging type target seeker and photoelectric follow-up.
Claims (4)
1. shear transformation polymer network infrared liquid crystal light valve, comprise that transparent conducting glass, one side have the photoconductive layer [5] of infrared anti-reflection film, the two-sided germanium substrate [7] that is coated with infrared anti-reflection film, is characterized in that: also comprise several insulating paper packing rings [3], shear transformation polymer network liquid crystal layer [4]; Described shear transformation polymer network liquid crystal layer [4] is to form after through twice uv-exposure and mechanical shearing with the potpourri of nematic crystal and flexible ultraviolet optics glue, and the quality of nematic crystal and flexible ultraviolet optics glue accounts for 80～90% and 20～10% of described potpourri gross mass respectively; Described germanium substrate [7], photoconductive layer [5], shear transformation polymer network liquid crystal layer [4], insulating paper packing ring [3], electro-conductive glass stacks from the bottom to top successively and be solidified togather by corresponding technology, wherein: one of electro-conductive glass plating conductive layer [2] faces down, several insulating paper packing rings [3] are evenly distributed on the edge of photoconductive layer [5] plating infrared anti-reflection film one side, and shear transformation polymer network liquid crystal layer [4] is positioned at same aspect with several insulating paper packing rings [3].
2. shear transformation polymer network infrared liquid crystal light valve according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the trade mark of described nematic crystal and flexible ultraviolet optics glue is respectively E7 and NOA65, and both quality account for 85% and 15% of described potpourri gross mass respectively; The thickness of described shear transformation polymer network liquid crystal layer [4] is 13 μ m.
3. the method for making of claim 1 or 2 described shear transformation polymer network infrared liquid crystal light valves, it is characterized in that: this method comprises following processing step: be coated with conductive layer [2] and form electro-conductive glass on glass substrate [1], be coated with infrared anti-reflection film on the two sides of germanium substrate [7]; The one side of photoconductive layer [5] is bonded on the germanium substrate [7] with heat-curable glue [6], and the another side at photoconductive layer [5] is coated with infrared anti-reflection film again; The bonding subassembly of germanium substrate, electro-conductive glass be placed in the temperature control box [9] be heated to 90 ℃; Nematic crystal and flexible ultraviolet optics glue is placed in the glass container is uniformly mixed to form liquid crystal compound and container is heated to 90 ℃ by corresponding mass ratio; Several insulating paper packing rings [3] evenly are placed on the edge of 90 ℃ of photoconductive layers [5] and 90 ℃ liquid crystal compound are injected into the central authorities of photoconductive layer [5]; 90 ℃ electro-conductive glass are slowly put down so that liquid crystal compound is full of the surface of photoconductive layer [5] along photoconductive layer [5] edge in the inclination mode, on electro-conductive glass, apply downward pressure so that the consistency of thickness of the thickness of liquid crystal compound and described insulating paper packing ring [3] and discharge bubble in the liquid crystal compound; The liquid crystal light valve semi-manufacture of above-mentioned acquisition are put in the temperature control box [9] of 90 ℃～100 ℃ of constant temperature and with uviol lamp [10] irradiation 30～40 minutes, afterwards semi-manufacture are taken out also natural cooling at room temperature in temperature control box [9], at room temperature use uviol lamp [10] to aim at described semi-manufacture irradiation 30～40 minutes after the cooling again; To be placed in the anchor clamps [13] of shear through the liquid crystal light valve semi-manufacture behind the two step uv-exposures, tighten up and make the side of electro-conductive glass to contact with shearing platform [12] just at vertical direction and anchor clamps [13] it with hold-down mechanism [11], under stepper motor drives, shear platform [12] electro-conductive glass is moved a certain distance; Give the fluid sealant of the slit coating between electro-conductive glass and the photoconductive layer [5], and under shearing condition, make sealing glue solidifying more than 12 hours, take off the infrared liquid crystal light valve finished product of final formation again from shear.
4. according to the method for making of the described shear transformation polymer network infrared liquid crystal light valve of claim 3, it is characterized in that: described heat-curable glue [6] is NOA83H, and bondline thickness is controlled at about 2 μ m; Described fluid sealant is that mass ratio is 1: 1 the Araldite rigidizer and the potpourri of Araldite resin.
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| CN108398825A (en) * | 2018-03-06 | 2018-08-14 | 合肥工业大学 | A kind of the liquid crystal light modulation device and its preparation process of tunable IR |
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