CN100582635C - 热管封口结构及热管 - Google Patents

热管封口结构及热管 Download PDF

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CN100582635C
CN100582635C CN200510037494A CN200510037494A CN100582635C CN 100582635 C CN100582635 C CN 100582635C CN 200510037494 A CN200510037494 A CN 200510037494A CN 200510037494 A CN200510037494 A CN 200510037494A CN 100582635 C CN100582635 C CN 100582635C
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简士哲
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Hongfujin Precision Industry Shenzhen Co Ltd
Hon Hai Precision Industry Co Ltd
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Hon Hai Precision Industry Co Ltd
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种热管封口结构及具有所述封口结构的热管。所述热管封口结构包括：一管状本体，该管状本体具有至少一开口端；及一盖体，其外径大于或等于该管状本体的开口端外径，该盖体和该管状本体开口端相接处的端面的相对侧设有一“十”字形、“一”字形、“＝”形、“～”形、“O”字形、“Y”字形或“Δ”形的突出物，该管状本体的开口端和与该开口端相接处的该盖体的端面是摩擦熔接面。所述热管封口结构具有一摩擦熔接接口，该摩擦熔接接口直接将盖体和管状本体的开口端密封接合，该热管封口结构中不会形成现有技术中的缩管部和压扁部，即不会形成工作流体的流动死区，从而工作流体完全加入散热循环过程，可提高热管传热效能。

Description

热管封口结构及热管
【技术领域】
本发明涉及一种封口结构及方法，特别涉及一种热管封口结构、封口方法及具有该封口结构的热管。
【背景技术】
近年来电子技术迅速发展，电子元件的高频、高速以及集成电路的密集及微型化，使得单位容积电子元件发热量剧增。现有的散热方式包括散热鳍片、热管及导热界面等方式。如何提高散热效率以解决电子元件所发出的热能，防止因集成电路密集度增加而产生的高热高温造成电子元件的损坏，成为当今重要课题。
热管是依靠自身内部工作流体相变实现导热的导热元件，其具有高导热性、优良等温性等特性，导热效果好，应用广泛。并且，热管技术以其高效、紧凑以及灵活可靠等特点，适合解决目前电子元件因性能提升所衍生的散热问题。
普通热管主要由管壳、及密封在该管壳内的工作流体组成，有时为促进所述工作流体的回流，在所述管壳内壁设置一吸液芯。热管的一端为蒸发端(加热端)，另一端为冷凝端(冷却端)，根据应用需要可在蒸发端和冷凝端之间设置绝热段。当热管蒸发端受热时，其内部的工作流体蒸发汽化形成蒸汽，蒸汽在微小压力差作用下流向热管的冷凝端，凝结成工作流体并放出热量，工作流体再通过自身重力或其它作用，如吸液芯的毛细作用流回蒸发端。如此循环的结果是：热量由热管的蒸发端不断地传至冷凝端，并被位于冷凝端另一端的冷源吸收。
热管的制作通常是先向一端封闭、一端开口的管壳内部填充适当工作流体，再将该管壳的开口端封闭。通常，为确保热管的品质及工作正常，热管的封口处须进行焊接等密封处理。现有热管的封口结构，是将该热管的开口端以缩管制程先行缩小成细缩部后，再用封口模具钳紧该细缩部末端，形成一压扁曲，并在该压扁区上端施予焊接而形成一焊接头，从而将该热管的开口端予以封闭。
但是，上述热管的封口结构包括一缩管部及一压扁部，当该热管工作时，其内部的工作流体流过该缩管部及压扁部后，便会在该缩管部及压扁部内形成一流动死区，从而部分工作流体停滞在该流动死区内而不参加散热循环过程，降低热管传热效能。
另外，上述热管封口方法，必须经过缩管、压扁及焊接三道主要工序，制程复杂，容易导致热管成品的良率低，成本较高；所述缩小后的开口端也会导致工作流体的填充需以人工操作，如此不但费时且耗费人力资源较大。
有鉴于此，提供一种可提高热管传热效能、低成本的热管封口结构、封口方法及具有该封口结构的热管实为必要。
【发明内容】
以下，将以实施例说明一种可提高热管传热效能、低成本的热管封口结构及具有该封口结构的热管。
一种热管封口结构，其包括：一管状本体，该管状本体具有至少一开口端；一盖体，其外径大于或等于该管状本体开口端外径，该盖体和该管状本体开口端相接处的端面的相对侧设有一“十”字形、“一”字形、“＝”形、“～”形、“O”字形、“Y”字形或“Δ”形的突出物，该管状本体的开口端和与该开口端相接处的该盖体的端面是摩擦熔接面。
及，一种具有上述封口结构的热管，其包括：一管状本体，该管状本体具有至少一开口端；填充在该管状本体内的工作流体；该热管还包括一盖体，其外径大于或等于该开口端外径，该盖体和该管状本体开口端相接处的端面的相对侧设有一“十”字形、“一”字形、“＝”形、“～”形、“O”字形、“Y”字形或“Δ”形的突出物，该开口端和与该开口端相接处的该盖体的端面是摩擦熔接面。
相对于现有技术，所述热管封口结构具有一摩擦熔接接口，该摩擦熔接接口直接将盖体和管状本体的开口端密封接合，该热管封口结构中不会形成现有技术中的缩管部及压扁部，即不会形成工作流体的流动死区，从而工作流体完全加入散热循环过程，可提高热管传热效能。另外，所述热管封口结构简单，无须引入其它接合材料，成本低。
所述热管封口方法是通过摩擦熔接法直接将所述盖体的端面和所述管状本体的开口端密封接合，避免现有技术中繁杂工序导致热管成品的良率低及工作流体的填充成本高的问题，可提高热管成品的良率，降低成本。另，本实施例所提供的热管封口方法无须现有技术中复杂制程，可缩短加工时间，提高生产效率，降低生产成本。
【附图说明】
图1是本发明实施例的热管剖面图。
图2(A)是本发明实施例的盖体侧视图。
图2(B)是本发明实施例的盖体俯视图。
图3是本发明实施例的热管封口方法的流程图。
图4是本发明实施例的热管接合机构示意图。
【具体实施方式】
通常，摩擦熔接是一种固态熔接方法，是以摩擦发热为热源，通过机械摩擦运动及轴向压力，使摩擦表面产生热量，将工件表面旋转加热到塑性熔化状态，施以压力顶锻将同种或不同种的金属及其它材料牢固熔接起来。
如图1和图4所示，本发明较佳实施例所提供的热管2包括热管封口结构1；以及填充在该热管2内的工作流体22。
所述热管封口结构1包括一管状本体11，该管状本体11具有至少一开口端111；及一盖体12，其外径大于或等于该开口端111外径的；该开口端111和该盖体12相接触位置形成一摩擦熔接接口13。
管状本体11材质可选自铜、铝、钢、碳钢、不锈钢、铁、镍、钛及其中两种或以上形成的材料、或如聚硅氯化铝(Poly Aluminum Silicate Chloride，简称PASC)、硅橡胶等高分子材料。
管状本体11径向截面可以为标准圆形，也可以为其它型状，如椭圆形、正方形、矩形、三角形等。管径为2毫米～200毫米，管长可从几毫米至数十米。
本实施例中，管状本体11为圆柱形铜管，管径为4毫米，长50毫米。
盖体12材料可选自铜、铝、钢、碳钢、不锈钢、铁、镍、钛及其中两种或以上形成的材料、或如聚硅氯化铝、硅橡胶等高分子材料。
如图2所示，盖体12的形状可为多种，如球形、半球形、不规则球形、椭圆形、不规则柱形、锥形、方形及其它各种形状，只需满足盖体12和管状本体11的开口端111相接触的端面121能完全覆盖或等于该开口端111的截面即可。
优选的，盖体12的端面121和管状本体11的开口端111的截面形状相匹配，以节省盖体12材料，降低成本；盖体12的端面121的相对侧形成有一“十”字形的突出物122，以方便上夹具(图未示)夹持。盖体12的端面121的相对侧也可形成其它方便上夹具挟持的形状，如“一”字形、“＝”形、“～”形、“O”字形、“Y”字形或“Δ”形的突出物。
本实施例中，盖体12材料为铜，其端面121设计成4毫米直径的圆形，端面121的相对侧形成有一“十”字形的突出物122。
工作流体22可选用纯水、氨水、甲醇、丙酮或庚烷等液体，也可在该液体中添加导热材料的微粒，如铜粉、纳米碳材等，以增加工作流体22的导热性能。本实施方式采用纯水作为工作流体22。
优选的，上述热管2还包括一紧贴该热管2的管状本体11内壁的吸液芯21，用于使所述工作流体22在其毛细吸力作用下由热管2的冷凝端(图未示)回流至其蒸发端(图未示)。吸液芯21包括烧结在管壳内壁的多孔材料，或形成在管壳内壁的微尺寸沟槽，或填充在管壳内的金属丝网，具有足够毛细力，能使工作流体22通过其毛细吸力的作用沿其流动即可。本实施方式采用紧贴在管壳内壁的铜丝网作为吸液芯21。
所述热管2的热管封口结构1具有一摩擦熔接接口13，该摩擦熔接接口13直接将盖体12和管状本体11的开口端111密封接合，该热管封口结构1中不会形成现有技术中的缩管部及压扁部，即不会形成工作流体22的流动死区，从而工作流体22完全加入散热循环过程，可提高热管2的传热效能。另，所述热管封口结构1结构简单，无须引入其它接合材料，通过所述管状本体11及盖体12的本体材料直接摩擦熔接接合，成本低。
请参阅图3，本实施例所提供的热管2封口方法，包括下述步骤：
步骤100：提供一具有至少一开口端111的管状本体11。本实施例中，管状本体11为圆柱形铜管，管径为4毫米，长50毫米。
步骤200：提供一盖体12，其外径大于或等于该管状本体11的开口端111外径，用于密封该管状本体11的开口端111。本实施例中，盖体12材料为铜，且其端面121形成4毫米直径的圆形，端面121的相对侧形成有一“十”字形的突出物122。
步骤300：将该管状本体11的开口端111和该盖体12的端面121通过摩擦熔接方法密封接合，使得管状本体11的开口端111封闭。具体操作步骤如下：
如图4所示，首先，将管状本体11及盖体12分别夹合在一接合机构3上，该接合机构3设有一可旋转的转动台31及一和该转动台31相对设置且可适时产生移动的移动台32。将管状本体11夹持在移动台32上且使其开口端111朝上，将盖体12夹持在转动台31上且使其端面121朝下，该管状本体11的开口端111的中心线和该盖体12的端面121的中心线位于同一直线上。
其次，控制该移动台32向转动台31移动使所述管状本体11和盖体12相接触的两端面111、121完全贴靠。即控制移动台32由实线所示位置移动至点划线所示位置，使盖体12的端面121和管状本体11的开口端111完全接触。
然后，控制该转动台31以带动所述盖体12高速旋转，使该盖体12的端面121和管状本体11的开口端111间产生摩擦热，同时控制移动台32使管状本体11对所述盖体12产生轴向压力，直至所述盖体12和所述管状本体11之间相接触界面密封接合。从而，该盖体12的端面121和管状本体11的开口端111之间不需要其它的焊材或熔剂，通过上述摩擦热源及轴向压力产生牢固接合。
最后，由转动台31和移动台32上取下已牢固接合成一体的管状本体11及盖体12，即实现将管状本体11的开口端111封闭。
本实施例所提供的热管封口方法是通过摩擦熔接法直接将盖体12的端面121和管状本体11的开口端111密封接合，避免现有技术中繁杂工序导致热管成品的良率低及工作流体的填充成本高的问题，可提高热管成品的良率，降低成本。另外，本实施例所提供的热管封口方法无须现有技术中繁杂制程，可缩短加工时间，提高生产效率，降低生产成本。

Claims (5)

1.一种热管封口结构，其包括：一管状本体，该管状本体至少具有一开口端；
其特征在于，该热管封口结构还包括一盖体，其外径大于或等于该管状本体开口端外径，该盖体和该管状本体开口端相接处的端面的相对侧设有一“十”字形、“一”字形、“＝”形、“～”形、“O”字形、“Y”字形或“△”形的突出物，该管状本体的开口端和与该开口端相接处的该盖体的端面是摩擦熔接面。
2.如权利要求1所述的热管封口结构，其特征在于，所述开口端和与该开口端相接处的该盖体的端面的截面形状相匹配。
3.一种热管，其包括：一管状本体，该管状本体具有至少一开口端；
以及，填充在该管状本体内的工作流体；
其特征在于，该热管还包括一盖体，其外径大于或等于该管状本体的开口端外径，该盖体和该管状本体开口端相接处的端面的相对侧设有一“十”字形、“一”字形、“＝”形、“～”形、“O”字形、“Y”字形或“△””形的突出物，该管状本体的开口端和与该开口端相接处的该盖体的端面是摩擦熔接面。
4.如权利要求3所述的热管，其特征在于，所述热管进一步包括一紧贴所述管状本体内壁的吸液芯。
5.如权利要求3所述的热管，其特征在于，所述开口端和与该开口端相接处的该盖体的端面的截面形状相匹配。
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