CN100577117C

CN100577117C - Handle for forceps/tweezers and method and apparatus for designing the same

Info

Publication number: CN100577117C
Application number: CN03825713A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 斯蒂芬L·提林姆
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2002-10-24
Filing date: 2003-04-23
Publication date: 2010-01-06
Anticipated expiration: 2023-04-23
Also published as: CN1717203A; CN1731943A; JP2006507572A; EP1553880A2

Abstract

The present invention provides a design method and apparatus for a handle providing a shape and structure that fills various regions of the hand except a region in an area over the underlying carpal tunnel. Such design method and apparatus provides for various handles for use by a hand. In particular, the apparatus includes a generally Y-shaped configuration, such as for a forceps/tweezers handle with a working end. The handle can include a radial section, an ulnar section and middle section. The handle also can have a radial arm, an ulnar arm and distal leg, with an ulnar end and a radial end for engaging a portion of the hand.

Description

Handle that forceps/tweezers is used and method for designing thereof and device

Technical field

The invention provides the handle that forceps/tweezers is used, and the method and apparatus of these handles of design.This forceps/tweezers has an asymmetric Y type handle, is designed so that the time spent can be smoothly.The invention provides the handle that a kind of forceps/tweezers is used, comprise two relative sheet shape extending elements, it at one end intersects or connects.The handle that forceps/tweezers of the present invention is used can be used as and helps hands to press from both sides, hold, take, cut or the handle of other functions.The handle of forceps/tweezers of the present invention can be used as surgery pliers, multiple surgical instruments, tweezers and multiple instrument and utensil.

Priority request

The application's case advocates to be 10/279,111 rights and interests and to be its continuation-in-part application in the US application serial No. of application on October 24th, 2002 that its complete exposure is at this and be reference.The application's case is also advocated to be the rights and interests of PCT/US02/33956 and to be its continuation-in-part application in the international application sequence number of application on October 24th, 2002, does not announce with English at present under PCT clause 21 (2) regulations, and its complete exposure is at this and be reference.The application's case further advocates in the U.S. Provisional Patent Application sequence number of October 24 calendar year 2001 application to be 60/330,527 rights and interests, and its complete exposure is at this and be reference.

Background technology

Pliers and tweezers are that common ferrum pin type instrument wherein has a working end or most advanced and sophisticated and part to lean against on the meat between thumb and the forefinger bottom.Pliers and tweezers are as pen, are held in place, working end near forceps/tweezers with thumb, forefinger and middle finger.As using herein with in the human dissection, term nearside and distally in the anatomy are meant the epiphysis that trunk is closer or distant.Similarly for for hands, forceps/tweezers is a proximal end against the part of bottom between thumb and the forefinger, otherwise the tip that forceps/tweezers is used is meant distal end portion.

Pliers and tweezers have opposite sheet shape extending element or part and tiny tip to make hands can pick up or hold the various piece of various items with the grip of certain limit.The reverse motions of all the other four long fingers of thumb and forefinger is controlled sheet shape extending element moves together the tip of pliers and tweezers.On the contrary, promptly mobile thumbtip and four long finger tips are more each other approaching, achieve the goal by the opponent of contraction thumb and the lumbricales of four long fingers.Lumbricales is that the little muscle and its contraction tractive that are positioned at palm are grown (PIP) bone between the nearside dactylus of pointing the bottom.The opponent tractive thumb bottom of hands.When using forceps/tweezers, the function of light folder is by opponent and lumbricales control.Yet heavily Jia function is by the control of forearm opponent down, the distal part of tractive thumb, and the musculus flexor profundus tractive forefinger of forearm and the distal part of middle finger.

The sheet shape extending element that forceps/tweezers is used is subjected in motionless hands from the support of passing part between middle finger below them and thumb and the forefinger.Yet when the distal tip that forceps/tweezers is used moved together, the support of in the hands forceps/tweezers being used has changed and produced bigger support at the tip of thumb and forefinger held forceps/tweezers.This just can cause muscle and joint anxiety.

Can cause some nervous factors to comprise the width of sheet shape extending element when using general forceps/tweezers, the elastic force of sheet shape extending element, grab or hands and the active mode of carpal joint when tweezers or tweezers, be used for shrinking the quantity of muscle package of corresponding muscle and the position of on pliers or tweezers, pointing.Usually the wideer pliers or the sheet shape extending element of tweezers be than narrow easier holding, and need smaller tension force to pinch usually.The elasticity of forceps/tweezers materials used can influence closes up the required strength of forceps/tweezers.

Most of joints can only be crooked, stretches and side-to-side movement by a small margin.And other joint can be moved to the direction more than, in this joint of back, as thumb, the surperficial contact area bigger than outer rim is arranged at the center in joint.When thumb faced toward the center of middle finger tip, the bone of thumb bottom contacted more multilist face zone.When thumb faced toward forefinger or little finger of toe, the bone contact in the joint was the one side separately in the joint, the area when the joint contact area of bone faces toward middle finger less than thumb at this moment.Therefore, general forceps/tweezers makes thumb move to the radius side in less contact surface zone.

Muscle is made of the subgroup that is known as muscle package.These bundles are to be made of the meat fiber group.The quantity that meat fiber shrinks has determined to be used for object is held in the strength between the tip that forceps/tweezers uses or pinches power.When the radius side of use thumb joint was held general forceps/tweezers, this thumb faced toward, and forefinger opponent and radius side shrink the tractive thumb.In general forceps/tweezers, when pinching employed muscle package of power and fiber when thumb is pushing away forefinger and being less than thumb facing to the center of middle finger tip.Muscle package that is used for pinching and fiber are than lacking of may existing, and these muscle and muscle package chance tired and anxiety is just big more.Therefore, utilize more muscle package can increase the power of pinching and minimizing muscle fatigue and anxiety.Thereby, need a kind of increase to be used for pinching the forceps/tweezers of the muscle package quantity that forceps/tweezers uses.

In addition, the power of pinching also is used for the influence of the muscle quantity of pinching.When thumb and forefinger are pinched, use a lumbricales to make forefinger face toward thumb firmly.Yet thumb uses two lumbricales to pinch during facing to forefinger and middle interphalangeal regional, and one is used for one on forefinger and is used for middle finger.The power of pinching when thumb is exerted oneself facing to forefinger and middle finger may be greater than thumb only facing to forefinger.This potential grip is bigger because thumb during facing to regional between forefinger tip and the middle finger tip than thumb during facing to forefinger tip available muscle package many.Thereby it is more effective and can reduce muscle fatigue to make thumb face toward the zone of forefinger and middle interphalangeal.

In addition, use general forceps/tweezers that the hand anxiety can take place.This is because when holding ferrum pin type instrument, and thumb and forefinger have towards the most advanced and sophisticated progressive natural tendency of general forceps/tweezers, has the possibility of undue extruding forceps/tweezers.This can cause (middle interphalangeal Joint, MIP) the excessive forefinger bending in joint between middle dactylus when stretch in the DIP joint of crossing thumb bending and forefinger in (DIP) joint between the dactylus of distally.Along with this macrobending of crossing, extruding of finger tip proximad and contraction have feedback and additional pressure, promptly have hands to hold " sensation " of an object.Keep this awkward posture also can damage finger and carpal joint and ligament, particularly have when hindering always.This awkward but common posture of crossing macrobending is by forearm muscle and tendon the middle phalanxes of forefinger and the distally phalanges contraction of thumb to be caused.This need be from the immense strength of forearm, it can increase musculus flexor superficialis forearm muscle tendons is transmitted direct pressure with ring wrist ligament (TCL) and median nerve interior anxiety and the pressure of canalis carpi (CT), thereby, the anxiety and the pressure that are somebody's turn to do musculus flexor superficialis forearm muscle tendons in the CT that is caused by awkward position like this can cause median nerve to stimulate and complication of wrist (CTS). and the anxiety of muscle can cause the repeated stress syndrome of related muscles in hands and the forearm.

The typical problem that general forceps/tweezers causes is used because of frequent, and causes the pain of hands, wrist and forearm and cause CTS.Because so general forceps/tweezers is to press from both sides this problem of wisp with ferrum pin type instrument not to be resolved.This kind ferrum pin type can make hands, and the overcompensate finger is crooked to be in uncomfortable position with setting about, and as mentioned above, causes this problem.

The various piece of hands is coordinated to reach efficient at the Shi Ruoneng that does things.The purpose of the handle design that forceps/tweezers is used also is the purpose of the method according to this invention and device, is to promote this efficient.Effectively the handle design should make hands remain on comfortable position.The further purpose of any handle or handle design also is a further purpose of the present invention, and the function of the muscle of hands and forearm can harmoniously be worked.Another purpose of handle design also is the further purpose of the method according to this invention and device, is to make the smooth and easy and minimizing ligament anxiety of the function in joint in the hands.

In addition, another purpose of the handle design that forceps/tweezers is used also is the purpose of the method according to this invention and device, is to promote to reduce the same needed power of pinching of object of holding.Hold object required pinch force rate hour, joint and the anxiety of ligament is just more little on every side.

Therefore, the handle that needs a kind of forceps/tweezers to use, and the method and apparatus of the handle used of this forceps/tweezers of design, it can reach purpose noted earlier.The handle that this forceps/tweezers is used should promote to reduce the nervous disorderly and injured incidence rate in joint of repeatability.

Forceps/tweezers as the surgery forceps/tweezers, has three types usually, first kind be have two and screening shape extending element part at one end hinge live and the most advanced and sophisticated other end in correspondence.Sheet shape extending element part is to moving mutually and most advanced and sophisticated can the extracting altogether or the action of clamping.Sheet shape extending element that this first kind of forceps/tweezers used part can be run into and intersect and extended as shears then.The direction of the sheet shape extending element part that second kind of forceps/tweezers used be one on another top rather than side by side.In second type, handle to the vertical direction of sheet shape extending element part extend and this handle on have ring to entangle finger.Second type sheet shape extending element links to each other with handle at the hinge place.Mobile line of separation moves the part of pivoting and opens or closes in order to do extracting or to cut and organize.The third forceps/tweezers uses lever or scribing to come the machinery of driving switch instrument clamp.

First type of forceps/tweezers example that use and screening shape extending element comprises United States Patent (USP) the 288th, 096,987,095 and 2,540, and No. 255, it is a fruit picking device.United States Patent (USP) the 5th, 893 has been illustrated a kind of forceps/tweezers of micro-cup-shaped surgical forceps No. 877.United States Patent (USP) the 5th, 002 illustrated the protectiveness hands for No. 561 with pincers, and United States Patent (USP) is the handle about the microsurgery instrument for the 5th, 176, No. 696.United States Patent (USP) the 5th, 176, the handle in No. 696 is to make thumb face toward forefinger and middle finger.

Annular or second kind of example that forceps/tweezers is used, comprise being set forth in person in the following United States Patent (USP), promptly United States Patent (USP) the 4th, 043, illustrate pliers No. 343, United States Patent (USP) the 4th, 674 is illustrated a kind of surgery instrument No. 501, United States Patent (USP) the 5th, illustrate the assembling of a kind of surgery instrument handle and pliers for 160, No. 343, United States Patent (USP) the 5th, 211, illustrate a kind of multipurpose splanchnoscopy pliers for No. 655, United States Patent (USP) the 5th, 234, illustrate the laparoscopy instrument No. 460, and United States Patent (USP) is illustrated a kind of surgery instrument of endo-surgical for the 5th, 318, No. 589.

The example that lever or the third forceps/tweezers are used comprises and is illustrated in person in the following United States Patent (USP), it is United States Patent (USP) the 4th, 644, illustrated a kind of instrument that grasps or cut for No. 651, and United States Patent (USP) the 5th, illustrate a kind of surgery instrument handle and drive assembly for 470, No. 328, wherein described two equipment are pressed lever.Other examples that lever or the third forceps/tweezers are used comprise the United States Patent (USP) the 5th, 147 of illustrating a kind of biopsy forceps equipment, No. 380 and illustrate a kind of United States Patent (USP) the 5th, 184 with biopsy forceps equipment of modified model handle, No. 625, two all have the slide lock hull closure.Another example that lever or the third forceps/tweezers are used is illustrated in United States Patent (USP) the 5th, 976 as medical control device, and in No. 121, it has a lever on the handle that distal end portion and gripping portion are arranged.

Needed is to make hands more efficiently, more stably, the forceps/tweezers of more pauciarticular and muscular tone and the gripping of tight ground.The problem that many above-mentioned general forceps/tweezers exist is that its design and operation do not utilize thumb to face toward forefinger and middle finger, rather than facing to the available bigger power of pinching of forefinger.In addition, the style of the handle used of above-mentioned general forceps/tweezers does not effectively utilize palm and supports handle.In addition, the handle used of general forceps/tweezers does not effectively utilize nameless and little finger of toe is being held the handle of using with stable forceps/tweezers.

Summary of the invention

The invention provides handle that forceps/tweezers uses and the method and apparatus that designs this kind handle.

Similarly, in the method for designing and device that forceps/tweezers according to the present invention is used, the method and apparatus of this design comprises based on functional to be pinched the position or holds clamp position (Forceps Hand Position, FHP) embodiment of the measurement of being formed and method.

A kind of method and apparatus of the handle that forceps/tweezers uses and method and apparatus of design consideration this kind handle of the present invention of designing is provided, and it is based on the dissection of the action of pinching from hands and the anatomical position that defines.This method uses thumb facing to the line of measuring in the hands during zone between thumb and forefinger, device, and RUGEN is pliers and the tweezers made of method in view of the above, can effectively utilize hands.

The handle that forceps/tweezers is used according to the present invention and design an advantage of the method and apparatus of this kind handle is by TCL contact skin.Therefore TCL is not compressed when pinching or use the handle of this kind design, and does not have pressure to be transferred in the CT zone.

The handle that forceps/tweezers is used according to the present invention and design another advantage of the method and apparatus of this kind handle is the natural torsion that keeps finger and palm.Meet nature hand anatomy, make the design's handle hold more comfortable.

The handle that forceps/tweezers is used according to the present invention and design another advantage of the method and apparatus of this kind handle is that hands has bigger part contact handle, thereby when pinching, has many hand region can contact the design's handle.

The handle that forceps/tweezers is used according to the present invention and design another advantage of the method and apparatus of this kind handle is the tremulous pulse deficiency that can not cause for hand muscle.This is because this kind handle can not met TCL that radius side tremulous pulse passes and following CT or ulna tremulous pulse deeply with Gai Shi (Guyon`s) passage of the pisiform bone of supplying with hand structure.

The handle that forceps/tweezers is used according to the present invention and another advantage that designs the method and apparatus of this kind handle are its nerves that can not damage, compress or be bent to hands.

The handle that forceps/tweezers is used according to the present invention and design another advantage of the method and apparatus of this kind handle is that anxiety and pressure in the smaller CT are arranged.

Based on above-mentioned advantage, the handle that forceps/tweezers is used according to the present invention and design the ultimate advantage of the method and apparatus of this kind handle is acute and chronic stimulation, damage and the anxiety that can reduce tendon, capsule, joint, hand muscle and nervus centralis.Therefore the forceps/tweezers person's of this design of expection use the CTS and the incidence rate of repeated stress syndrome will reduce.

One object of the present invention provides a kind of method for designing and device of the handle that forceps/tweezers is used according to the present invention, makes the supporting zone of hands that bigger contact be arranged.

One object of the present invention provides the method for designing and the device of the handle that a kind of forceps/tweezers uses, and optimizes method for designing and device that this kind forceps/tweezers according to the present invention of use of the musculus flexor hand muscle of thumb and all the other long fingers is used.

Another object of the present invention provides the method for designing and the device of the handle that a kind of forceps/tweezers uses, and the general forceps/tweezers method for designing and the device that use this kind forceps/tweezers according to the present invention of less grip to use.

Another object of the present invention provides the method for designing and the device of the handle that a kind of forceps/tweezers uses, method for designing and device that it has various sizes and shape to use as this kind forceps/tweezers according to the present invention of different application.

Another object of the present invention provides the handle that a kind of design consideration forceps/tweezers of the present invention is used, and the size of suitable and various handss is to finish method for designing and device above-mentioned and that other purposes of the present invention this kind forceps/tweezers according to the present invention is used.

According to a further aspect in the invention, the method and apparatus that the distal end portion of the handle that forceps/tweezers is used and design consideration this kind forceps/tweezers of the present invention is used comprises one as a reference or be positioned at the rise surface or the various surface of the reference of pointing on the forceps/tweezers.

According to another aspect of the present invention, the method and apparatus that handle that forceps/tweezers is used and design consideration this kind forceps/tweezers of the present invention is used has the external form of " Y ", should be preferably asymmetric " Y " type by " Y " type." Y " type of the handle that this kind forceps/tweezers is used has three ends, two upper arm and one leg, with single " Y " type part or two " Y " types parts its separately distal end portion connect.Though the handle that forceps/tweezers is according to this aspect of the invention used, usually there are two parts to engage or connect the function that the forceps/tweezers open and close is pinched at its distal end portion, the handle that this forceps/tweezers is used also can make single " Y " type part, it can make each machinery and utensil into, as motor-driven control function, as utensil, or as being used for doing spades, spade or mattock.Each " Y " go up most or distal arm connects and the radius side and the ulnar side of touching palm.Every lower limb of " Y " or distal end portion extend to the finger tip of thumb, forefinger and middle finger from radius distally and ulna distal arm.The distal part of the lower limb bottom of each " Y " or distal end portion contact thumb, forefinger and middle finger.Have among the embodiment of two " Y " types part, the proximal end of " Y " is that connect and distal end portion " Y " is gone up and forefinger relatively moving on another " Y " moved towards another at one " Y " by thumb.The multiple tip that is attached to the handle distal part with several different methods can be used to extracting, interlock or cuts multiple object.The present invention also provides handle, for forceps/tweezers, and the method and apparatus of design consideration this kind handle of the present invention, make it be applicable to the hands of multiple different size by the size of adjusting each proximal arm and far leg.

According to another aspect of the present invention, the method and apparatus that handle that forceps/tweezers is used and design consideration this kind forceps/tweezers of the present invention is used provides to make thumb face toward forefinger and middle finger, unlike in the forceps/tweezers, thumb is separately facing to forefinger.

According to a further aspect in the invention, the method and apparatus that handle that forceps/tweezers is used and design consideration this kind forceps/tweezers of the present invention is used, better stability is provided, because the handle that forceps/tweezers is used is to be supported by the zone in the hands, rather than lean against part between middle finger and thumb and forefinger bottom.

According to another aspect of the present invention, the method and apparatus that handle that forceps/tweezers is used and design consideration this kind forceps/tweezers of the present invention is used provides to make the third finger and little finger of toe remain on the T position.

In addition, the handle that forceps/tweezers is used according to the present invention and design the method and apparatus that this kind forceps/tweezers is used can be optimized the position of thumb, forefinger and middle articulations digitorum manus, so MIP separately and DIP joint can be too crooked.Therefore, the handle that forceps/tweezers is used according to the present invention has reduced the demand of forearm muscle and hand muscle when carrying out the action of clamping.

According to a further aspect in the invention, the method and apparatus that handle that forceps/tweezers is used and design consideration this kind forceps/tweezers of the present invention is used can reduce or prevent the injured of joint, muscle, tendon and the CT nervus centralis in isolating.

According to a further aspect in the invention, the method and apparatus that handle that forceps/tweezers is used and design consideration this kind forceps/tweezers of the present invention is used provides the power of pinching, and it is to utilize every finger of hands to pinch rather than first three root finger of hands.With regard to regard to thumb is only when the forefinger, when thumb was run into carpal bone, the pressure of the metacarpus of thumb, wrist joint reduced.When thumb faced toward the zone line of middle finger, this location guide pressure passed four metacarpus-wrist joint of thumb, middle finger, the third finger and little finger of toe.The MP joint of guiding pressure to pass thumb, middle finger, the third finger and little finger of toe makes the action that more muscle is pinched.

An object of the present invention is to provide the handle design that utilizes the power that suitable muscle strengthens pinching.

Another object of the present invention is to provide ideally to utilize suitable muscle to come the handle design of pinching energetically.

Another object of the present invention provides utilizes the handle design of suitable muscle when wanting dexterous pinching.

Further purpose of the present invention provides the handle that handle is stabilized in the hands and designs.

Attached purpose of the present invention provides and is positioned at the handle design of thumb facing to forefinger and middle interphalangeal zone.

In addition, another object of the present invention provides and makes hands remain on the handle design of nameless and the T position that little finger of toe aligns substantially.

Similarly, an object of the present invention is to provide the handle design that reduces muscle and joint anxiety.

Another object of the present invention provides the bending of the PIP joint of the thumb, forefinger and the middle finger that limit hands.

Further purpose of the present invention provides the horizontal gauffer on the radius side that contacts hands.

Attached purpose of the present invention provides the horizontal gauffer of the ulnar side that contacts hands and the handle design in the muscle district, hypothenar between the pisiform bone.

An object of the present invention is to provide by nameless and little finger of toe is designed the handle that handle is arranged in hands around the ulnar component of handle.

Another object of the present invention provides handle design, when hands is in one's hands clamp position (FHP), its use the crooked third finger and little finger of toe towards radius side and ulnar side lagen according to handle of the present invention.

Another object of the present invention provides and makes nameless relative radius side of setting about with little finger of toe and ulnar side guide the handle of the portions of proximal of the handle that (pushing away/draw) forceps/tweezers uses to design.

In addition, an object of the present invention is to provide the handle design of handle landing in the prevention hands.

In addition, another object of the present invention provides the handle design that is stabilized in this kind handle that the hands neutralising arrangement uses together.

Further, when an object of the present invention is to provide hands and being in one's hands clamp position (FHP), ulnar component ground present situation and middle finger ground, the nameless ground functional position ground handle that interrelates is designed.

Similarly, an object of the present invention is to provide and use the crooked third finger to mention handle, when hands is in one's hands clamp position (FHP), the portions of proximal of handle contact far leg.

Description of drawings

Aforementioned and additional characteristic of the present invention and feature are considered together from following detailed description and with reference to accompanying drawing, will make to become more clear, and wherein similar reference number is indicated similar assembly, and wherein:

Fig. 1 makes hands when the T position, and palm view has on one side illustrated that middle finger finishes on a line and thumb faces toward the zone of forefinger and middle interphalangeal.

Fig. 2 A and Fig. 2 B are the view of hands when being in one's hands clamp position (FHP).Fig. 2 A has shown that thumb, forefinger and middle finger tip terminate in the palm surface of a horizontal level.Nameless and little finger tip terminates on the same line in the T position.Fig. 2 B is hands radial perspective view from hands when being in one's hands clamp position (FHP).

Fig. 3 A and Fig. 3 B are the schematic views of illustrating according to general " Y " type structure handle embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 4 A, Fig. 4 B and Fig. 4 C are the views of illustrating the handle that forceps/tweezers is used according to the present invention.Fig. 4 A is a 3-D view.Fig. 4 B is a side view.Fig. 4 C is vertical view or radial view.

Fig. 5 A and Fig. 5 B illustrate when holding according to the present invention forceps/tweezers the hands clamp position (FHP) that is in one's hands.Fig. 5 A is when holding forceps/tweezers, the radius side view the when view of palmar side and 5B are holding forceps/tweezers.

Fig. 6 A and Fig. 6 B have illustrated the slotted line that determines the handle size that forceps/tweezers according to the present invention is used.Fig. 6 A has shown the view of the palmar side of slotted line to some extent.Fig. 6 B has shown the radius side view of slotted line to some extent.

Fig. 7 has illustrated and has been used for measuring hands with the protractor measurement device of decision according to the angle and the size of handle of the present invention.

Fig. 8 A, Fig. 8 B illustrated as the standby rectangle measurement device of Fig. 7 protractor measurement device and measured the measuring and position of slotted line of hands with decision manufacturing dimension of handle according to the present invention, and Fig. 8 C and Fig. 8 D have illustrated this kind and be used for making arrangement according to the line of handle of the present invention, measure and the position.

Fig. 9 A to 9G has illustrated the variation according to handle of the present invention.Fig. 9 A and 9B have illustrated the variation of ulna arm, and Fig. 9 C and 9D have illustrated thumb, forefinger and middle finger can control contact area according to handle of the present invention.Fig. 9 E, 9F and 9G have illustrated the elongated end that appends to according to the present invention on the handle in order to regulate handle according to the present invention to be applicable to different big or small handss.

Figure 10 A to Figure 10 G has illustrated near the additament handle distal end portion according to the present invention.Figure 10 A and 10B have illustrated a kind of resilient tool, as spring, make handle remain on open position.Figure 10 C, 10D and 10E have illustrated and have kept the different view of handle from the anchor clamps that are opened to complete closure fully.Figure 10 F and 10G have illustrated the annular section that entangles corresponding finger tip in the handle.

Figure 11 A, 11B and 11C have illustrated the multiple view according to the machinery of the spiral arm of handle of the present invention and ulna arm rotation of making that is positioned at join domain.

Figure 12 A and 12B have illustrated the view according to the embodiment of handle of the present invention of widening distal end portion.

Figure 13 A to 13K has illustrated at the distal end portion according to handle of the present invention and has connected the various fastening means of various utensils to handle.

Figure 14 A to 14E has illustrated the embodiment that changes according to the machinery in the direction of pinching of handle of the present invention and orientation, as from the supreme handle of vertical direction down of horizontal direction side by side.

Figure 15 A, 15B, 15C and 15D have illustrated the machinery that spring is housed, as the surgical scalpels sheath, with integrated recovery or the expansion so that the utensil that uses with handle to be provided of handle according to the present invention.

Figure 16 A and 16B have illustrated the working end that is attached to according on the handle of the present invention, and the working end of Figure 16 A makes the working end of a micro-scissors and Figure 16 B make the tweezers of a counter-rotating.

Figure 17 has illustrated the embodiment according to handle of the present invention that is attached on the standard size shears.

Figure 18 A, 18B and 18C have illustrated the view according to the embodiment of handle of the present invention that the broad distal end portion is arranged, and the working end is positioned at the distal end portion of broad, as fetch as the thing of the file in the file cabinet or thing and be placed on the surface.

Figure 19 A, 19B, 19C and 19D have illustrated the embodiment according to handle of the present invention of integrated various device.Figure 19 A illustrated have single " Y " type structure according to single handle of the present invention.Figure 19 B has illustrated the embodiment according to single handle of the present invention by the additional utensil of suitable fastening means.Figure 19 C illustrated working end or utensil have motor-driven rotation or Move tool according to general single handle of the present invention.Figure 19 D illustrated working end or utensil have motor-driven open or closure tool according to general single handle of the present invention.

The specific embodiment

In order more clearly and concisely to describe purport of the present invention, the definition of following T position is the guidance that will provide as particular term implication in the following written description.In addition, certainly herein wording and term is to be described as purpose but not is interpreted as limited significance.Following discussion is about hand region of the present invention among Fig. 1.

T position (T Position)

Fig. 1 has illustrated the hands 100 in the T position.The T position is the position of finger tip 201a hands 100 during facing to the zone 320 between forefinger 200 and the middle finger 203 of being assumed to the finger tip 200a of four long fingers 200 of alignment and thumb 201.Passing the part that palm 102 zones are called as deep palmar arch 104 in hands 100 positions is invaginated type.Refer to cup (a finger cup) 106, show with dotted line, for the finger tip 200a alignment of long finger 200 and long finger 200 when crooked by the long finger 200 recessed zones that form.The horizontal creases 108 of palm 102 appears to be body wrinkle and aligns with deep palmar arch 104.The horizontal creases 108 of the radius side 110 of hands 100 is covered by thumb 201.Vertically folding line 112 also appears to be body wrinkle because hands 100 is uneven when the T position.The joint is closed up and is kept flat between the dactylus of long finger 200.The MIP joint of middle finger 203 compared with the MIP joint 250 of other long fingers 200 apart from off-line 300 farthest.And the MIP joint of little finger of toe 205 is nearest apart from off-line 300 compared with the MIP joint 250 of other long fingers 200.

Continuation is about Fig. 1, and muscle zone 116, hypothenar extends to the plane of pisiform bone 126 to wrist 120 from the horizontal creases 108 of the ulnar side 111 of hands 100.The pisiform bone 126 of wrist 120 is in the zone of the ulnar side 111 of hands 100, and the zone at hypothenar muscle enters palm 102 116 times in this zone for ulna nerve and ulna tremulous pulse.Ligamentum carpi transversum (TCL) 122 is covered with canalis carpi (CT) 124.Thenar muscle region 114 is in the radius side 110 of hands 100 and is radial to canalis carpi (CT) 124.Muscle zone, hypothenar 116 is that ulnar side 111 at hands 100 is to canalis carpi (CT) 124.This canalis carpi (CT) 124 comprises nervus centralis, four forearm musculus flexor superficialis tendons and four forearm musculus flexor profundus tendons.This shallow tendon is more nearer from the inner surface of TCL122 than dark tendon.This makes shallow tendon be positioned at the nervus centralis next door.

Hold clamp position (Forceps Hand Position, FHP)

Can there be any variation the T position.Fig. 2 A and 2B have shown that hands 100 is in when holding clamp position (FHP) change of T position.Shown in Fig. 2 A and Fig. 2 B, when hands 100 was in one's hands clamp position (FHP), thumb 201, forefinger 202 and middle finger 203 were partly to stretch from the T position.But the third finger 204 and little finger of toe 205 remain on the T position.Be in one's hands in the clamp position (FHP), the finger tip 201a of thumb 201 is facing to the zone between the finger tip 200a of the finger tip 200a of forefinger 202 and middle finger 203, with the same in the T position.In addition the finger tip 200a of nameless 204 finger tip 200a and little finger of toe 205 terminates in dotted line 340 places with the T position of hands 100.Fig. 2 B has illustrated be in one's hands clamp position (FHP) of hands 100 and has located the radius side view of hands 100.When hands 100 was in one's hands clamp position (FHP), shown in dash line 305, the finger tip 200a of thumb 201 alignd substantially with the finger tip 200a of the finger tip 200a of forefinger 202 and middle finger 203.

Continuation is about Fig. 2 A, and horizontal creases 108 is as shown in fig. 1 passed the palm 102 of hands 100 and covered the radius side 110 that arrives handss 100 until horizontal creases 108 by the base portion of thumb 201.Among Fig. 2 B, the radius end position of horizontal creases 108 can be seen from the radius side 110 of hands 100.Fig. 1 has also shown the position of the horizontal creases 108 of the ulnar side 111 that is positioned at hands 100.

About Fig. 2 A and 2B, the plane C shown in Fig. 2 B has illustrated hands and the relation of handle position of center line according to the present invention.When hands 100 was in one's hands clamp position (FHP), plane C ran through the ulnar side 111 of the radius side 110 of hands 100 to hands 100.In the radius side of hands 100, plane C extends through horizontal creases 108 space between thumb 201 and forefinger 202 and the middle finger 203 is divided into two.In the ulnar side 111 of hands 100, plane C passes a M zone and is about a half-distance between the pisiform bone 126 of horizontal creases 108 and wrist 120.When nameless 204 and little finger of toe 205 when being positioned at the T position, plane C continues across nameless 204 and the DIP joint 252 of little finger of toe 205 then.

For purposes of illustration, handle of the present invention is to represent with the summary of 400Y and 400Y ' in chart.Be illustrated among Fig. 3 A and the 3B as 400Y and 400Y ', handle of the present invention as forceps/tweezers, is general " Y " type structure or asymmetric " Y " type that meets the requirements or " catapult " type structure.Handle of the present invention, as by as illustrated in 400Y and the 400Y ', can be regarded as two (on) arm and (a descending) lower limb.Thus, handle of the present invention can have two arm Y1, Y1 ' and Y2, and Y2 ', it can think the portions of proximal of corresponding

handle

400Y and 400Y '.Represent the Y1 of two arms, Y1 ' and Y2, Y2 ' extends to the palm 102 of hands 100.Lower limb Y3, Y3 ' be the far leg of corresponding handle then.

Each one arm Y1 of 400Y and 400Y ', Y1 ' corresponding with the palm 102 that contacts hands 100 radial shaft arm and can be called as the spiral arm Y1 of 400Y and 400Y ', Y1 '.Each second arm Y2 of 400Y and 400Y ', the corresponding ulnar side 111 with the palm 102 that contacts hands 100 of Y2 ' shaft arm and can be called as the ulna arm Y2 of 400Y and 400Y ', Y2 '.The lower limb Y3 of 400Y and 400Y ', the far leg (distal leg) of the handle of thumb 201, forefinger 202 and middle finger 203 was run in extension when Y3 ' correspondence was in one's hands clamp position (FHP) with hands 100.

Among the handle 400Y of the present invention, spiral arm Y1, ulna arm Y2 can be connected at common ground Y4 with far leg Y3.Perhaps, as be illustrated among the 400Y ' of handle of the present invention, spiral arm Y1 ' can locate at another Y4 ' along far leg Y3 ' to be connected with far leg Y3 '.Yet preferable mode is to make spiral arm Y1 usually, ulna arm Y2, and far leg Y3 connects at common ground Y4, as is illustrated in the part among the 400Y.

The ulna arm Y2 of 400Y and 400Y ', Y2 ' has two parts, and it is called as ulna arm Y2, the finger part Y21 of Y2 ', Y21 ' and palm portion Y22, Y22 '.This ulna arm Y2, the place that the radius side 110 in the DIP joint 252 of the third finger 204 was connected with the palmar side 221 in the DIP joint 252 of the third finger 204 when the finger part Y21 of Y2 ', Y21 ' were in one's hands clamp position (FHP) from hands 100.

When hands 100 was in one's hands clamp position (FHP), this ulna arm Y2, the finger part Y21 of Y2 ', Y21 ' terminated in ulnar side 111 places in the DIP joint 252 of little finger of toe 205.This ulna arm Y2, the finger part Y21 of Y2 ', Y21 ' is along connected nameless 204 and the line 350 on palmar (interior) surface of little finger of toe 205 by DIP joint separately 252.Yet ulna arm Y2, the palm portion Y22 of Y2 ', Y22 ' terminate in the regional M place on the muscle zone, hypothenar 116 of 126 of the pisiform bones of horizontal creases 108 on the ulnar side 111 of hands 100 and wrist 120.When hands 100 was in one's hands clamp position (FHP), ulna arm Y2, the palm portion Y22 of Y2 ', Y22 ' terminated in the phalanges side 111 in the DIP joint 252 of little finger of toe 205.Finger part Y21 and the palm portion Y22 of the ulna arm Y2 of 400Y are connected to form obtuse angle Y6.

When hands 100 is positioned at when holding clamp position (FHP), the far leg Y3 of 400Y and 400Y ', Y3 ' originate in radius side surface 211 places in DIP joint 252 and nameless 204 DIP joint 252 on nameless 204 the palm surface 210.This far leg Y3 terminates in the finger tip 201a by the thumb 201 of hands 100, the B place, plane that the finger tip 200a of forefinger 202, the finger tip 200a of middle finger 203 cause.

Abutment 214 corresponding common ground Y4.When hands 100 is positioned at when holding clamp position (FHP), this abutment 214 is palm surfaces 210 of being defined in nameless 204 DIP joint 252 and the junction of the radius side surface 211 in nameless 204 DIP joint 252.

Spiral arm Y1, Y1 ' can be straight or curved.This ulna arm Y2, Y2 ' are angled or camber line comes and obtuse angle Y6, and Y6 ' is consistent.Obtuse angle Y5 in 400Y is forming as the spiral arm Y1 and the ulna arm Y2 junction of illustrating.This far leg Y3, Y3 ' can be straight or curved and a distal end portion Y33, Y33 ' are arranged.Spiral arm Y1, the length of Y1 ' then changes with the size of setting about is different.Similarly, ulna arm Y2, Y2 ' also change with the size of setting about is different.Moreover far leg Y3, Y3 ' also change with the size of setting about is different.

Shown in Fig. 4 A, Fig. 4 B and Fig. 4 C, the embodiment of the handle 400 that forceps/tweezers of the present invention is used is the form molding with general asymmetric Y type or catapult type.The handle 400 that forceps/tweezers of the present invention is used has each relative sheet shape extending element 410 of two relative sheet shape extending elements 410 and handle 400 to can be the reverted image of another element.The relative sheet shape extending element 410 of each of handle 400 has a center join domain CON to extend a spiral arm 415, a ulna arm 425 and a far leg 435 from here.The portions of proximal 405 of handle 400 is to be supported by hands 100 in addition.And the distal part 406 of handle 400 is used for carrying out the operation of grabbing, pressing from both sides and comprising other mechanical actions of cutting.

The portions of proximal 405a of the sheet shape extending element 410 that each is relative has a spiral arm 415 and a ulna arm 425.The spiral arm 415 of the sheet shape extending element 410 that each is relative is connected at join domain CON place with ulna arm 425.The ulna arm 425 of the relative sheet shape extending element 410 of each of the handle 400 that forceps/tweezers of the present invention is used has a finger part 425a and palm portion 425b.This finger part 425a is connected at obtuse angle A5 place with palm portion 425b, discusses as the dependent part branch of the ulna Y2 arm of the 400Y of Fig. 3 in front.

The palm end 417 of the spiral arm 415 of the sheet shape extending element 410 that each is relative is connected to form one and revolves hinge 416.The palm end 427 of the ulna arm 425 of the sheet shape extending element 410 that each is relative is connected to form a ulna hinge 426.This

hinge

416 and 426 can be formed or one-body molded with other blocks of shape extending element 410 by successive shape extending element 410 of a slice.This

hinge

416 and 426 also can be made of a kind of mechanicalness fastening means, arranges as hinge.Revolving hinge 416 allows relative sheet shape extending element 410 to move towards identical or rightabout with ulna hinge 426.

The far leg 435 of the sheet shape extending element 410 that each is relative extends from join domain CON.The portions of proximal 435b of the far leg 435 of the sheet shape extending element 410 that each is relative is fitted in join domain CON.The handle 400 that the distal end portion 435a of the far leg 435 of the sheet shape extending element 410 that each is relative uses from forceps/tweezers freely extends.It is most advanced and sophisticated or have the various suitable tasks of execution or function that the distal end portion 435a of each far leg 435 can be an integrated working end 450a, as multiple variation attachment device such as grab, press from both sides or cut.

The width 415w of spiral arm 415 is near the width of forefinger 202 base portions.The width 425w of ulna arm 425 is near the width of little finger of toe 205 base portions.The width 435w of the distal end portion 435a of far leg 435 near the distally pad 203b of the distally pad 202b of forefinger 202 and middle finger 203 in conjunction with width.

The palm end 417 of spiral arm 415 can be consistent with the corresponding surface of the palm 102 of the radius side 110 of hands 100.The palm end 427 of ulna arm 425 can be consistent with the corresponding surface of the palm 102 of the ulnar side 111 of hands 100.Perhaps, the palm end 427 of the palm end 417 of spiral arm 415 and ulna arm 425 can be parallel to each other.

And as illustrated in Fig. 4 B, the handle 400 that forceps/tweezers of the present invention is used can have three parts.It is for revolving part 401, mid portion 402 and ulnar component 403.The part 401 of revolving of this handle 400 is that radius side 110 with hands 100 is relevant and contact with the palmar zone 114 of the palm 102 of thumb 201, forefinger 202 and hands 100.Mid portion 402 comprises and contact with nameless 204 with middle finger 203 and the zone of the regional handle 400 that contacts on the CT124 that get along well.Ulnar component 403 comprises the zone that contacts handle 400 with the muscle zone, hypothenar 116 of the palm 102 of the ulnar side 111 of little finger of toe 205 and hands 100.The handle 400 that forceps/tweezers of the present invention is used can use with the right hand 100 or left hand 100.

Fig. 5 A and Fig. 5 B be depicted as hold the handle used at forceps/tweezers of the present invention hold clamp position (FHP) time state.Fig. 5 A is that to hold the view of palm of the handle that forceps/tweezers uses and Fig. 5 B be the radius view of holding the hands of the handle that forceps/tweezers uses.About Fig. 5 A, revolve hinge 416 on the palm end 417 of the spiral arm 415 of each relative sheet shape extending element 410 of the horizontal creases of the radius side 110 of hands 100 108 contact handles 400.Regional M on the ulnar side 111 of hands 100 on the palm 102 of 126 of the pisiform bones of horizontal creases 108 and wrist 120 connects the ulna hinge 426 on the palm end 427 of ulna arm 425 of each relative sheet shape extending element 410 of handle 400.

Continuation is about the contact area 425c of the finger part 425a of the ulna arm 425 of the relative sheet shape extending element 410 of the palm surface 210 contact handles of the distally phalanges 216 of the palm surface 210 of the middle phalanges 215 of Fig. 1 to Fig. 5 B third finger 204 and nameless 204, the handle of using as forceps/tweezers of the present invention 400.The little finger of toe contact area 425d of the finger part 425a of the ulna arm 425 of the relative sheet shape extending element 410 of the palm surface 220 contact handles 400 of the palm surface 220 of the middle phalanges 225 of little finger of toe 205 and the distally phalanges 256 of little finger of toe 205.The portions of proximal 435b of the far leg 425 of the radius side surface 211 contact handles 400 of the distally phalanges 216 of the radius side surface 211 of nameless 204 middle phalanges 215 and the third finger 204.

Another Ge sheet shape extending element 410 of the distally pad 293b contact handle 400 of the distal end portion 435a of the wherein far leg 435 of a Ge sheet shape extending element 410 of the distally pad 201b contact handle 400 of thumb 201 and the distally pad 202b of forefinger 202 and middle finger 203.

The support that hands 100 can suit handle of the present invention, the handle of using as forceps/tweezers of the present invention 400 is at five contact positions.First Support Position is the place of palm end 417 of spiral arm 415 of each relative sheet shape extending element 410 of radius side 110 contact handles 400 of the horizontal creases 108 of hands 100.The place of the palm end 427 of the ulna arm 425 of each relative sheet shape extending element 410 of the handle 400 that second Support Position used at the ulnar side 111 contacts forceps/tweezers of the present invention of the horizontal creases 108 of hands 100.Yet the second best Support Position is the regional M of palm end 425b contact of ulna arm 425 of each relative sheet shape extending element 410 of handle 400.Zone M is positioned at 126 of the pisiform bones of wrist 120 of the ulnar side 111 of the ulnar side 111 of horizontal creases 108 and hands 100 approximately.The 3rd Support Position is that the palm surface 210 of the palm surface 210 of nameless 204 middle phalanges 215 and distally phalanges 216 is positioned at the palm surface 210 of nameless regional 425c of finger part 425a of each ulna arm 425 of the relative sheet shape extending element 410 of handle 400.The 4th Support Position is the contact area 435c of portions of proximal 435b of far leg 435 of the radius side surface 211 contacts handle 400 of the present invention of the radius side surface 211 of nameless 204 middle phalanges 215 and nameless 204 distally phalanges 216.The 5th Support Position is the place of little finger of toe contact area 425d of finger part 425a of each ulna arm 425 of relative sheet shape extending element 410 of palm surface 220 contacts handle 400 of the present invention of the distally phalanges 226 of the palm surface 220 of middle phalanges 225 of little finger of toe 205 and little finger of toe 205.

Be used for supporting and a handle of stable hands 100, the handle of using as forceps/tweezers of the present invention 400, be to be strengthened by the musculus flexor superficialis forearm muscle contraction of the middle phalanxes 225 of the musculus flexor profundus forearm muscle contraction of the distally phalanges 226 of the musculus flexor superficialis forearm muscle contraction of the medial side phalanges 215 of the musculus flexor profundus forearm muscle contraction of the distally phalanges 216 of the third finger 204 of the finger part 425a of the ulna arm 425 of relative sheet shape extending element 410 and aphalangia 205 and little finger of toe 205 and little finger of toe 205, this kind contraction can allow the position activity in a regional M of the palm 102 of the ulnar side 111 of the horizontal creases 108 of the palm 102 of the radius side 110 of hands 100 and hands 100 of handle 400 that forceps/tweezers of the present invention uses.The present invention can mention the handle of object, as the handle 400 that forceps/tweezers of the present invention is used, its support can be strengthened with the contacting of nameless contact area 435c of the portions of proximal 435b of the far leg 435 of handle 400 by nameless 204 radius surface 211 by hands 100.

The distal end portion 435a that moves the far leg 435 of this relative sheet shape extending element 410 clamps the handle 400 that forceps/tweezers of the present invention is used.Folder is the function of use of forceps/tweezers.When using general forceps/tweezers, the distally pad 201b of closed thumb 201 and the distally pad 202b of forefinger 202 provide the support of power as gripping.Yet thumb 201, forefinger 202 and middle finger 203 are not to support the handle 400 that forceps/tweezers of the present invention is used for essential condition in the present invention.When using the handle 400 that forceps/tweezers of the present invention uses, thumb 201, forefinger 202 and middle finger 203 are not used as usually and support handle 400 of the present invention and use.Therefore, no matter the handle 400 that uses forceps/tweezers of the present invention to use can reduce because of beating easily or the muscular tone of thumb 201, forefinger 202 and middle finger 203 bendings that gripping caused firmly.

Hand is measured

A purpose of the handle 400 that the proposed forceps/tweezers of development the present invention is used is to make it can cooperate hands.Shoe industry is generally acknowledged length and the width that foot has certain limit.Hands also is like this.Length from wrist to long finger 200 finger tip 200a reaches and can be short and long, short and narrow, long and wide and long and narrow from the wide variety of the ulnar side 111 of the radius side 110 in one's hands 100 of hands 100 so that hands.Usually, male's arm is longer and wideer than women's hands.

The handss that the handle that develops same size adapts to multiple different sizes are feasible, the handle of using as forceps/tweezers of the present invention 400.Yet, if the clamp position (FHP) of holding of hands 100 is made various sizes, use muscle that can be less is more comfortable and more stably holding the handle 400 that forceps/tweezers of the present invention is used.The size of handle of the present invention, the handle of using as forceps/tweezers of the present invention 400 depend on the be in one's hands measurement of clamp position (FHP) gained of shown in 2A and 2B hands.

About Fig. 6 A and 6B, line A1, line A2 and line A3 are with deciding the size range of handle of the present invention, as are used for the handle 400 that the forceps/tweezers of the present invention of staff is used.Line A1 is the distance of extending to the radius side 110 of the horizontal creases 108 of the palm 102 of hands 100 to the space 320 middle finger 203 finger tip 200a from forefinger 202 finger tip 200a.Line A2 is the distance of extending to the P point to the space 320 middle finger 203 finger tip 200a from forefinger 202 finger tip 200a, and it is a half-distance of 126 of the pisiform bones of the ulnar side 111 of approximate palm 102 from horizontal creases 108 and hands 100 in regional M.

The distance of line A1 and line A2 is to use the thumb 201 finger tip 201a shown in Fig. 2 A and Fig. 2 B to measure facing to the hands 100 shown in forefinger 202 finger tip 200a and middle finger 203 finger tip 200a and the 6 figure B.The distance of line A3 is the P point the regional M from the muscle zone, hypothenar 116 of the ulnar side 111 of the palm 102 of the radius side 110 in one's hands 100 of the horizontal creases 108 of the palm 102 of hands 100.

But the individual bulk measurement of handle of the present invention is illustrated in Fig. 7 throughput hornwork measurement device 700 and records, for the right hand 100 or left hand 100 clamp position (FHP) that is in one's hands.Protractor measurement device 700 comprise a protractor 710 and by measure portion form a triangulation part, as chi AA1, AA2 and AA3.Each chi has a groove, the groove 707 of the groove 705 among the chi AA1, the groove 706 among the chi AA2 and chi AA3.Fastening part passes groove in the chi in order to chi is connected to each other, so each chi can slide as rivet in another chi.As rivet 705 connection chi AA1 and the center of chi AA2 to a zero-axis X and 90 a degree protractor 710 that links to each other.Chi AA1 also can be connected with protractor 710 by the zero-axis X1 of rivet along protractor 710.Chi AA1 and AA2 can move along rivet 701.Chi AA3 is connected to chi AA1 movably at rivet 703 places.Chi AA3 also is connected to chi AA2 movably at rivet 704 places.

The distance of line A1, line A2 and line A3 is measured centimetre to be unit along chi AA1, chi AA2 and chi AA3 and is perfect condition.Line A1 measures on chi AA1 the radial horizontal creases of measuring from hands 100 108.The P point that the measuring on chi AA2 of line A2 measured from the regional M of 126 of the horizontal creases 108 of the ulnar side 111 of hands 100 and pisiform bones begins.Line A1 and line A2 measure to rivet 701 end.Chi AA3 contacts the palm 102 of hands 100 with chi AA2 slip along chi AA1.It is to pass in the progression labelling 715 of progression labelling 715 that chi AA1 progression labelling 715 to chi AA3 passes chi AA2 from chi AA3 to read that line A3 measures.The angular readings zone 712 of protractor 710 is to read out the angle of judging between line A1 and line A2 in the groove 706 of chi AA2.

This measurement is that the right hand by 50 male and 40 women draws.The scope of male's height is between 5 chis, 6 inch to 6 chis, 4 inch in this group.Women's height scope is between 4 chis, 11 inch to 6 chis, 0 inch.The scope of measuring of the line A1 of male's hands is 7 to 9.5cm.The scope of measuring of the line A1 of women's hands is 7 to 8.5cm.The scope of measuring of the line A2 of male's hands from 9 to 11.5cm.The scope of measuring of the line A2 of women's hands is 9 to 11cm.The scope of measuring of the A3 of male's hands from 6.5 to 8cm.The scope of measuring of the line A3 of women's hands is 6 to 7.5cm.From the angular readings that read in angular readings zone 712, the male on average be 45 the degree and the women on average be 40 the degree.As expection, male's hands is longer also wideer than women's hands.These data can be used to analyze the handle 400 that the forceps/tweezers of the present invention of Suggestions for Development is used.

Alternate measurement device

A kind of rectangle measurement device 800 that is used for measuring hands 100 as with the size and dimension that decides handle of the present invention, the handle of using as forceps/tweezers 400, as four as illustrated in Fig. 8 A chi is constituted the size of the handle 400 that forceps/tweezers of the present invention was used when it can be used to measure hands 100 and is in one's hands clamp position (FHP) by measure portion.Each free alphabetical DD of this chi or measure portion, EE, FF and GG representative.Every the right angle each other that is provided with mutually of chi DD, EE, FF and GG.Chi DD is normally parallel with EE and at the X-direction of principal axis, as illustrated in Fig. 8 A.Chi FF and GG normally parallel and at the Y-direction of principal axis as illustrated in as Fig. 8 A.Every groove 806,807,808,809 that chi DD, EE, FF and GG is had a correspondence along the center of its length.This chi DD, EE, FF are to be connected by fastening part with GG, and as rivet 801,802,803,804 or other securing members that is fit to, chi DD, EE, FF and GG just are connected in the rectangle measurement device 800 loosely like this.Loose connection at rivet 801,802,803,804 allows each chi DD, EE, FF and GG to slide along X-direction of principal axis and/or Y-direction of principal axis.The size of this chi DD, EE and FF, length and width can be the same usually.But chi GG generally has wider portion, as the part 810 of five mm wides that begin about projection 812 places of half length of chi GG greatly.Second half of chi GG is that gauge or other suitable measurement devices and its are considered to the narrow part 811 to chi GG.Among Fig. 8 A, measure from marking right side beginning for chi DD and the EE of RHT.For chi FF, measure near chi DD.For chi GG, measure near the beginning chi EE.The wide part of chi GG is towards the inside of rectangular arranged 800 INS.

This rectangle measurement device 800 is measured the right hand 100 of the clamp position that is in one's hands (FHP) along C position, plane (seeing Fig. 2 B and 6B).The horizontal creases 108 of the radius side 110 of the palm 102 of the right side RHT touching hands 100 of chi DD.The right side RHT of chi EE is positioned over the P point among the regional M of palm 102 of hands 100.As illustrated in Fig. 8 A and Fig. 8 B, chi FF moves the plane B (seeing Fig. 2 A and 8B) that faces toward the space 320 between forefinger 202 finger tip 200a and middle finger 203 finger tip 200a until the outside of chi FF FOUT at the finger tip 201a of thumb 201 with the X-direction of principal axis along chi DD and with the X-direction of principal axis along chi FF.Chi GG moves the palm surface 220 that touches the DIP joint 252 of little finger of toe 205 until the narrow part 811 of chi GG with the X-direction of principal axis along chi DD and chi EE.Chi GG moves the radius side 110 that touches the DIP joint 252 of little finger of toe 205 until the projection 812 of chi GG with the Y-direction of principal axis then.This wide part 810 will touch nameless 204 palm surface 210.Just can finish the dimensional measurement of hands by the position of chi DD, EE, FF and GG.

Continuation is about Fig. 8 A to 8D, records along measuring distance D, E, F, F ', G, H and I and measures.Measuring distance D is that the horizontal creases 108 from the chi DD of rectangle measurement device 800 outside DOUT from the radius side 110 of hands 100 records to the chi FF outside FOUT of chi rectangle measurement device 800.Measuring distance E is when little finger of toe 205 touches the narrow part 811 of chi GG and hands 100 and is in one's hands clamp position (FHP), and the palm surface 220 along the P point of inboard EIN from the regional M of the ulnar side 111 of hands 100 of the chi EE of rectangle measurement device 800 to little finger of toe 205 records.Measuring distance F is when hands 100 is in one's hands clamp position (FHP), and the outside DOUT along the chi FF of rectangle measurement device 800 outside FOUT from chi DD records to the ulnar side 213a of middle finger 203.Measuring distance F ' is that 202 radius side 203a records to the ulnar side 203c of middle finger 203 along chi FF from forefinger.Measuring distance G is when hands 100 is in one's hands clamp position (FHP), records from the inboard EIN of the chi EE radius side 110 to nameless 204 on the inboard INS of rectangle measurement device 800 along chi GG.Measuring distance H is that the outside FOUT along chi DD from chi FF records to the wide part 810 along the inboard GIN of the chi GG of rectangle measurement device 800.Measuring distance I is that the outside DOUT along chi GG from chi DD records to the wide part 810 along the outside EOUT of the chi EE of rectangle measurement device 800.

Continuation is about Fig. 8 A to 8D, and the ideal measurement of line D, E, F, F ', G, H and I is to be drawn in or to be recorded on a kind of medium as grid paper, produces the handle 400 that a kind of handle shape such as forceps/tweezers of the present invention are used.At first, measuring distance E paints with the X-direction of principal axis.Then, measuring distance G begins drawing with the Y-direction of principal axis from previously selected distance, and typical selected distance is that measuring distance E is towards left five millimeters.Next, measuring distance H begins drawing with the X-direction of principal axis from line G summit GTOP.Then, measuring distance I begins drawing with the Y-direction of principal axis from the previously selected position along measuring distance E.Next, measuring distance D paints with the X-direction of principal axis.Measuring distance D touches the summit ITOP of measuring distance I and the left end DLFT and the shared identical Y-shaft position of the left end HLFT of measuring distance H of measuring distance D.Measuring distance F begins to paint with the left end DLFT of Y-direction of principal axis from measuring distance D then.Measuring distance F ' paints with the same line of measuring distance F.

As discussed above, a handle, the handle of using as forceps/tweezers of the present invention 400 can have multiple size.As illustrating among Fig. 8 C and the 8D, the size of the handle 400 that forceps/tweezers of the present invention is used can connect corresponding measuring distance D by setting-out, E, and F, G, the some D1 on H and the I, F1, F1 ', G1, E1 and E2 work out.As illustrated in Fig. 8 A to Fig. 8 D, the point-to-point line of article one is line Z, and it connects the D1 point to F1 ' point.The second line is that line Y connects the F1 point to F1 ' point.Line X connects the F1 point to the G1 point then, and then line W connects the G1 point to the E1 point.Line V then connects the E1 point to the E2 point.At last, from the D1 point to E2 point-rendering line U finishing the girth PER that handle is measured, the handle of using as forceps/tweezers of the present invention 400.The size girth PER of more multiple hands makes the handle of the present invention of certain limit size.As previously discussed, therefore handle that forceps/tweezers of the present invention is used 400 can contact with hands 100 by the infra column position: the palm surface 220 of the position in the horizontal creases 108 of the palm surface 102 of the ulnar side 111 of hands 100, regional M at the palm 102 of the ulnar side 111 of hands 100, the palm surface 210 of the third finger 204 and little finger of toe 205, at the radius side surface 211 of the third finger 204, at the distally of the distally of the distally of thumb 201 pad 201b, forefinger 202 pad 202b and middle finger 203 pad 203c.

The size of the handle 400 that forceps/tweezers of the present invention is used is to decide by drawing or write down measuring of girth PER.Yet the shape of the handle 400 that forceps/tweezers of the present invention is used relates to the zone at the girth PER of the specific region of contact hands 100.About Fig. 8 C and 8D, the part that forms the multiple line that handle measures is represented contact area as corresponding hands 100 by double arrowed line.N on the line U partly relates to the limited contact area on the girth PER of horizontal creases 108 of palm 102 of radius side 110 of hands 100.O on the line U partly relates to the limited contact area on the girth PER of regional M of palm 102 of ulnar side 111 of hands 100.R on the line W partly relates to the limited contact area on the girth PER of palm surface 220 of nameless 204 palm surface 210 and little finger of toe 205.P on the line X partly relates to the limited contact area on the girth PER of nameless 204 radius side 211.The S part on Q on line X part, the line Y and the merging of the T part on the line Z relate to the limited contact area on the girth PER of distally pad 203b of the distally pad 202b of forefinger 202 and middle finger 203.The merging of the T part on the Q part on the line X, the S part on the line Y and the line Z then is replicated in the distal end portion 435a of the relative sheet shape extending element 410 of handle, the handle of using as forceps/tweezers of the present invention 400, and can eliminate the needs of the separation region of the distally pad 201b that merges thumb 201.

Therefore, the line U on the T part of the S part of the R part of the Q part of the P part of the P part of the O of the N of the line U on girth PER part, line U part, line X, line X, line X, line W, line Y and line Z not, V, W, X, Y, section and the part of Z can be by any camber line or shapes, because those zones usually do not touch any parts of the hands 100 on the handle, the handle of using as forceps/tweezers of the present invention 400.

The variation of handle

About Fig. 9 A and 9B, the nameless contact area 425c of the ulna arm 425 of handle can have different kenels with little finger of toe contact area 425d, as is illustrated in the handle 400 that the forceps/tweezers of the present invention of Fig. 9 A and Fig. 9 B is used.The palm surface 210 of the third finger 204 and the palm surface 220 of little finger of toe 205 when the finger part 425a that step 425e can be integrated with the ulna arm 425 between nameless contact area 425c and little finger of toe contact area 425d is in one's hands clamp position (FHP) to cooperate hands 100.In addition, the ulna arm 425 of this handle as the handle 400 that forceps/tweezers of the present invention is used, when hands 100 is in one's hands clamp position (FHP), can be that straight 425f connects the palm surface 210 of the third finger 204 and the palm surface 220 of little finger of toe 205.

As illustrating among Fig. 9 C and Fig. 9 D, the distal end portion 435a of the far leg 435 of the relative sheet shape extending element 410 of handle, the handle of using as forceps/tweezers of the present invention 400, can porose 435c, recessed portion, projection or other devices as the reference of the pad 203b position, distally of the distally pad 202b of the distally pad 201b of thumb 201, forefinger 202 and middle finger 203.The width of the far leg 435 distal end portion 435a of the relative sheet shape extending element 410 of handle, as the handle 400 that forceps/tweezers of the present invention is used, it is as being carried out restriction by the contact portion at the forefinger 202 distally pad 202b of hands 100 and pad 203b center, middle finger 203 distally.

A kind of handle as the handle 400 that forceps/tweezers of the present invention is used, can be made one or more sizes based on above-mentioned measurement about Fig. 7 to Fig. 8 D.Another kind of method for the handle of using as forceps/tweezers of the present invention 400 of making a plurality of sizes is to increase the size that extension 418,428 is adapted to different handss in the certain limit on handle, the handle of using as forceps/tweezers of the present invention 400.Shown in Fig. 9 E and Fig. 9 F, for example, extension 418 can be attached to the ulna hinge 426 that hinge 416 and extension 428 can be attached to handle 400 ulna arms 425 that revolves of handle 400 spiral arms 415.

As illustrating among Fig. 9 F, extension 418,428 can have flange 418a, a 428a and spring mechanical device 418b, a 428b to be attached to edge 416a, the 426a of the ulna hinge 426 that revolves hinge 416 and ulna arm 425 of the spiral arm 415 of the relative sheet shape extending element 410 of handle that forceps/tweezers of the present invention uses 400.In addition, as illustrated in Fig. 9 G, the palm end 419,429 of the extension 418,428 of the handle 400 that forceps/tweezers of the present invention is used can be common round.

In some instances, when unclamping the action of folder, preferably keep the corresponding static distance of distance between the distal end portion 435a with the far leg 435 of the relative sheet shape extending element 410 that unclamps when folder handle, the handle of using as forceps/tweezers of the present invention 400.Figure 10 A and Figure 10 B have illustrated the distal end portion 435a of the relative sheet shape extending element 410 that inserts the handle 400 that forceps/tweezers of the present invention uses and spring mechanical device 437a, the 437b that 435 of far legs keep a stationary posture RES, and Figure 10 A and 10B have illustrated the spring mechanical device of the handle 400 that forceps/tweezers of the present invention uses.This kind spring section 437a shown in Figure 10 A also can keep aliging with distal end portion 435a, and active tip 450 just can connect and can not be subjected to mutual over-deflection like this.

When using handle, the handle of using as forceps/tweezers of the present invention 400, it is closed or part is closed preferably can to keep being attached to the active tip 450 of distal end portion 435a of far leg 435 of relative sheet shape extending element 410 of handle, the handle of using as forceps/tweezers of the present invention 400.Figure 10 C, Figure 10 D Figure 10 E have illustrated the clamping mechanical device 438 that keeps handle 400 this kind closures or part closed position between the distal end portion 435a of far leg 435 of the relative sheet shape extending element 410 that inserts the handle 400 that forceps/tweezers of the present invention uses.

As illustrating among Figure 10 C, this clamping mechanical device 438 comprises that a clamping bar 438a is attached to the wherein distal end portion 435a of the far leg 435 of a relative sheet shape extending element 410 of the handle 400 used as forceps/tweezers of the present invention via adnexa 438b.Figure 10 D has illustrated the closed position of the handle of using as forceps/tweezers of the present invention 400 that generally includes clamping mechanical device 438.Figure 10 E has illustrated the clamping mechanical device 438 of the handle of using as forceps/tweezers of the present invention 400 and has opened the front view of attitude.

This clamping bar 438a extends by the hole 438c on the distal end portion 435a of another far leg 435 of the relative sheet shape extending element 410 of the handle 400 used as forceps/tweezers of the present invention.This clamping bar 438a have one with bite jam plate 438d that tooth 438e engages and supporting the working end 45 of distal end portion 435a of far leg 435 of the relative sheet shape extending element 410 of handle 400.When a kind of handle, the handle of using as forceps/tweezers of the present invention 400, when using by left hand 100, the distal end portion 438f of this clamping bar 438a can be promoted by the finger tip 201a of thumb 201 or the finger tip 200a of forefinger 202, discharge clamping bar 438a from jam plate 438d, to open the handle 400 that forceps/tweezers of the present invention is used.

In another changes, shown in Figure 10 F and 10G, can be attached to the distal end portion 435a of far leg 435 of the relative sheet shape extending element 410 of the handle of using as forceps/tweezers of the present invention 400 for thumb 201, forefinger 202 and ring 439 that middle finger 203 is inserted in, extend the working end 450 of the handle 400 that forceps/tweezers of the present invention uses.

Figure 11 A, Figure 11 B and Figure 11 C have illustrated another version of the center join domain 440 (being designated as CON among Fig. 4) of the handle of using as forceps/tweezers of the present invention 400.This center join domain 440 can have the additional spiral arm 415 of the handle 400 that a permission such as forceps/tweezers of the present invention use and the rotating machinery device 445 of ulna arm 425 move angles.The position of the palm end 417 of the spiral arm 415 of the mobile scalable handle 400 of this kind rotation and the palm end 427 of ulna arm 425 allows user feel comfortably cool when handle 400 contacts with the horizontal horizontal creases 108 of the ulnar side 110 of the palm 102 of the hands 100 of different size.Angular readings 710 on the protractor measurement device 700 of illustrating in the angle K corresponding diagram 7 that Figure 11 A illustrates.It is 40 degree that the angular readings corresponding with angle K 710 as previously discussed measured typical women, and typical male's angular readings 710 is 45 degree.Thereby, the rotation moving range of rotating machinery device 445 that can set the center join domain 440 of handle 400 keep angle K mat in 35 degree between 50 degree to take into account the hands of different overlapping dimension, be illustrated in Figure 11 A.In addition, each spiral arm 415 and each ulna arm 425 of the handle of using as forceps/tweezers of the present invention 400 can be made different sizes or extension 419,429 is arranged, as illustrating among Fig. 9 E, Fig. 9 F and Fig. 9 G.

Figure 11 B and Figure 11 C have illustrated a kind of rotating machinery device 445 at the handle 400 center join domains of using as forceps/tweezers of the present invention 440 of suggestion.This center join domain 440 is cut apart the general semi-circular channel 446 of formation by a general semicircle inner sleeve 441 and general semicircle outer sleeve 442 restrictions.And spin slot 443 and ulna groove 444 are positioned at the outer sleeve 442 of center join domain 440 separately.

The distal part 420 of spiral arm 415 and the distal part 430 of ulna arm 425 can be general sharp types.The distal end portion 430a of the distal end portion 420a of the distal part 420 of spiral arm 415 and the distal part 430 of ulna arm 425 is bonded on the internal edge 440a of semi-circular channel 446 of the rotating machinery device 445 of center join domain 440.

A kind of handle, the handle of using as forceps/tweezers of the present invention 400, additional two

cam

419a, 429a are to the outer surface of the distal part 430 of the distal part 420 of spiral arm 415 and ulna arm 425.This

cam

419a, 429a are risen to limit 419b, 429b place.This

cam

419a, 429a are designed to distal part 430 when the distal part 420 of spiral arm 415 and ulna arm 425 and push mat fasten groove 443,444 in the semicircle outer sleeve 442 when the semi-circular channel 446 of 442 of the semicircle inner sleeve 441 of the rotating machinery device 445 of center join domain 440 and semicircle outer sleeves.This

cam

419a, 429a are designed to slip into spin slot 443 and ulna groove 444 so that spiral arm 415 and ulna arm 425 are remained in the semi-circular channel 446.This spin slot 443 and ulna groove 444 are designed to allow spiral arm 315 and ulna arm 325 at the scope internal rotation of about 35 degree to 50 degree, and this angular range is relevant with angle K.

Figure 12 A and Figure 12 B have illustrated the handle 400 that forceps/tweezers of the present invention uses, another variation of handle 440a.The width W D of the distal end portion 436a of the distal arm 436 of the sheet shape extending element 410 that this variation is relative with handle is relevant.Figure 12 A and Figure 12 B are based on when reaching as the finger tip 201a of the thumb 201 discussed in background of invention facing to the finger tip 200a center of long finger 200 can produce the clamping power that maximum can get.

As illustrating among Fig. 1 to 2B, when hands 100 during in the T position, the finger tip 201a of thumb 201 terminates in line 300 facing to the space 320 between the finger tip 200a of the finger tip 200a of the forefinger 202 of long finger 200 ends in the line 300 and middle finger 203 and the finger tip 200a of long finger 200 ends.Yet, the clamp position that is in one's hands (FHP) thumb 201, forefinger 202 almost completely stretch with middle finger 203 and be contacted with plane B and nameless 204 with little finger of toe 205 online 300 bendings and terminate in line 300 as the T position.Variation handle 400a that Figure 12 B illustrates and hands 100 in the T position, the position change of the finger tip 201a of thumb 201 become towards the ulnar side 111 of hands 100 from the space 320 between the finger tip 200a of the finger tip 200a of forefinger 202 and middle finger 203 to middle finger 203 finger tip 200a and the space 330 between nameless 204 finger tip 200a.

Therefore, in handle changed 400a, as illustrating among Figure 12 B, when hands during in the T position, distal end portion 436a and far leg 436 width W D were with to pass long 200 the width pointed similar.These relation objects in the relation of the regional M of the ulnar side 111 of the relation of the horizontal creases 108 of the radius side 110 of revolving hinge 416 and hands 100 of the spiral arm 415 among the variation handle 400a and the ulna hinge 426 of ulna arm 425 and hands 100 and the handle 400 that forceps/tweezers of the present invention is used seemingly.And, change handle 400a and do not contact with the CT zone 124 of hands 100.

The variation handle 400a of the handle 400 that forceps/tweezers of the present invention is used can be in the working end 450 probabilities that produce the maximum grip powers.Yet the long finger 200 of all of thumb 201 and hands 100 typically is used for the distal end portion 436a of far leg 436 of variation handle 400a of the handle 400 that clamping forceps/tweezers of the present invention uses, and only needs less chucking power so hold the same object.

Figure 13 A to 13K has illustrated the various fastening means that are linked to or are integrated into

distal end portion

435a, 436a among the various embodiment of handle of the present invention, as handle 400 of the present invention, 400a, 400b, 400c and 400d, as connecting various tool to handle.For example, Figure 13 A has illustrated the view of the screw type fastening means 1110 of working end 450 instruments.Figure 13 B has illustrated the screw type fastening means 1100,1101 of working end 450 instruments and the view of embedded type fastening means 1102,1103,1104.Figure 13 C, 13D, 13E, 13F and 13G have illustrated the view of the magnetic fastening means 1105,1106,1007,1108,1109,1110,1111,1112 of multiple working end 450 instruments.Figure 13 A has illustrated the view of the screw type fastening means 1100 of working end 450 instruments.

Similarly, for example, Figure 13 H to 13K has illustrated the rotary-

type connection machinery

1113,1115,1120 of working end 450 instruments, the working portion 1121 of the working portion 1114 of work mechanism device 1113, the working portion 1116 of work mechanism device 1115, work mechanism device 1120, it allows the working end 450 of the various tool relevant with handle to do various variations.

Figure 14 A, Figure 14 B, Figure 14 C, Figure 14 D, Figure 14 E, Figure 15 A and Figure 15 B have illustrated another variation handle of the present invention 400b, and the direction of motion of its working end 450 can be changed.For example, the moving direction at the most advanced and sophisticated place of general pliers is normally parallel with the motion of middle finger 203 facing to forefinger 202 with thumb 201.In handle 400b, the tip of handle 400b can be perpendicular to the relative motion of thumb 201 to forefinger 202 and middle finger 203.This just makes the tip motion of this variation handle 400b of the handle 400 that forceps/tweezers of the present invention uses become from side to side and moves up and down.

Use open and close up and down to move to cut or the common example of the surgical instruments of tissue slice inspection is a pituitary rongeur.The thumb 201 of hands 100 and long finger 200 are positioned at the line of separation that mutual nearside and distally concern to come the open and close pituitary rongeur.This nearside-distal movement makes a slipper move with nearside-distal direction.This slipper makes the working portion open and close.It is comfortable that the thumb 201 that uses this kind hands 100 and a long finger 200 do that the relative motion of edge-to-edge that nearside and apparatus that distal direction moves will make hands 100 and be utilized not as the variation handle 400b of the handle 400 that uses forceps/tweezers of the present invention and use comes.

Among the illustrated variation handle 400b of Figure 14 A, Figure 14 B, Figure 14 C and Figure 15 B, standing part 500 is attached to the inside 416b that revolves hinge 416 of spiral arm 415 of the variation handle 400b of the handle 400 that forceps/tweezers of the present invention uses.Be working end 150 to be partially opened and closed slipper 501 on this standing part 500 as one as illustrated in Figure 14 E.Holder part 502 connects the inner face 435b of slipper 501 to the distal end portion 435a of far leg 435.The terminal 503a of slipper hinge 503 additional body parts 502 is attached to the inner face 435b of distal end portion 435a that the present invention changes the far leg 435 of handle 400b to slipper 501 and distal end portion hinge 503a.The distal end portion 435a that clamps the far leg 435 that the present invention changes handle 400b makes support 502 move mobile slipper 501 at hinge 503,504 places.And when a kind of rotating machinery device was attached to the inside 416b that revolves hinge 416, standing part 500 can make working end 450 rotations.

When the slipper hinge 503 of support 502 is placed, hold the distal end portion 435a of far leg 435 of the variation handle 400b of the handle 400 that forceps/tweezers of the present invention uses, the slipper hinge 503 that is positioned at slipper 501 will be pushed slipper 501 open makes it away from hands 100.When the slipper hinge 503 of support 502 is placed, hold the distal end portion 435a of far leg 435 of the variation handle 400b of the handle 400 that forceps/tweezers of the present invention uses, the nearside hinge 503 that is positioned at slipper 501 moves slipper 501 towards hands 100.Mobile slipper 501 can make the various machinery activities that are attached to slipper 501, as the little shears of closure or other machinerys, as illustrated in Figure 14 C and 14E.

Similarly, about Figure 14 A to 14E, variation handle 400b of the present invention also can with various endoscopies or surgical technique and tools, and the instrument of the other types that have with a certain distance from the operator during work.

Among the various embodiment of the handle 400 that forceps/tweezers of the present invention is used, the distance that the active tip of the handle 400 that the breach comparable size forceps/tweezers of the present invention between the distal end portion 435a of far leg 435 is used is 450 is big.Breach size between the distal end portion 435a of far leg 435 also depends on the intrinsic resiliency characteristics with relative sheet shape extending element 410 materials of making the handle of using as forceps/tweezers of the present invention 400.Use the breach size between the distal end portion 435a of far leg 435 of the surgical forceps of the handle 400 that forceps/tweezers of the present invention uses and surgical instruments generally should remain between one to two centimetre.Less breach can aggravate bending and the anxiety and the thumb 201 metacarpus finger joint style 201c bending and nervous in the PIP joint of long finger 200.Bigger breach need carry out gripping as skill than coarse motion.

Continuation is about Figure 15 A to 15D, and standard procedures cutter 1020 is illustrated among Figure 15 A, be with ferrum pin type and be operating indispensable thing.In the operation process, scalpel blade 1021 can contact the pathogen among the patients serum, and a problem of standard procedures cutter is to stab the operating room personnel.Wound can make the assistant infect disease.A kind of blade sheath that can bounce back automatically can prevent injury to personnel.

As previously discussed, the removable slipper 501 relevant of the variation handle 400b of the handle 400 that forceps/tweezers of the present invention is used with standing part 500.Figure 15 B has illustrated a kind of bounced back scalpel 1000 with fixing operation cutter part 1006 the bounced back slip sheath 1005 on every side that is looped around additional scalpel blade 1021.Figure 15 B has illustrated a kind of relative sheet shape extending element 410 and flat spring member 1010 of the slip sheath 1005 that can bounce back of being attached to.Perhaps, shown in Figure 15 D, the spring member 100 that can add a kind of coiling is to the fixing operation cutter part 1006 and the slipper 1005 that can bounce back.When holding the distal end portion 435a of far leg 435 of relative sheet shape extending element 410 of fixing operation cutter part 1006 of variation handle 400b of the handle 400 that forceps/tweezers of the present invention uses, holder part 502 promotes nearside hinge 503b makes the slip sheath 1005 that can bounce back move to expose scalpel blade 1021 towards the hands of operator.When the distal end portion 435a of far leg 435 discharged, this slip sheath 1002 that can bounce back covered scalpel blade 1201 automatically.

An advantage of the bounced back scalpel on the variation handle 400b of the handle 400 that forceps/tweezers of the present invention is used is the protection that improves the operating room injury to personnel.Another advantage is that this scalpel 1000 that can bounce back is based on and holds clamp position (FHP) on the anatomy, and it can make hands 100 more cosily hold and control this scalpel 1000 that can bounce back.

Figure 16 A and 16B have illustrated the working end 450 that is attached to the handle 400 that forceps/tweezers of the present invention uses, and the working end 450 of Figure 16 A is that the working end 450 of a micro-scissors and Figure 16 B is reverse tweezers

The standard size shears that Figure 17 has illustrated the handle 400 that a kind of forceps/tweezers of the present invention uses changes handle 4001, when hands 100 is in one's hands clamp position (FHP), many adnexaes of the working end 450 of surgical instruments, as micro-scissors adnexa 450, be illustrated among Figure 16 A, usually from the distal end portion 435a of the far leg 435 of relative sheet shape extending element 410 to extend with the roughly the same direction of thumb 201, forefinger 202 and middle finger 203.The standard size shears of the handle 400 that forceps/tweezers of the present invention is used changes among the handle 400c, is illustrated in Figure 17, and this standard size shears changes the additional standard size scissor blade 451 of handle 400c.

Yet when hands 100 was in one's hands clamp position (FHP), the relation of standard size scissor blade 451 that hands 100 and standard size shears change handle 400c was normally roughly different with middle finger 203 directions with thumb 201, forefinger 202.The direction that the standard size shears of hands 100 changes the standard size scissor blade 451 of handle 400c is relevant with the relation of the line J that illustrates among hands 100 and Fig. 2 A.When hands 100 is in one's hands clamp position (FHP), the back surfaces 252a in the space 310 that line J connection forefinger 202 and middle finger are 203 and the DIP joint 252 of little finger of toe 205.The adnexa of the blade 451 of the standard shears of standard size shears variation handle 400c is at the AX axle at the center of the blade parallel with line J 451.

The ring 439 of the distal end portion 435a of the far leg 435 of standard size shears variation handle 400c allows relative thumb 201, forefinger 202 and middle finger 203 to open the blade 451 that the standard size shears changes the standard shears of handle 400c.Make the distally pad 201b of thumb 201, the distally pad 202b of forefinger 202 and the relative blade 451 that changes the standard shears of handle 400c with closed standard size shears of distally pad 203b of middle finger 203.

In the general shears, the finger of hands 100 touches the ring of picture shears to the extension.Thumb 201 is facing to forefinger 202 and middle finger 203 and enter line of separation and come the general shears of open and close.Usually, in the general shears of this kind, the support of hands is normally insufficient.And, during closed shears, will make thumb 201 uncomfortably near relative forefinger 202 limits and hands 100 discord handle combinations usually.

Compare general shears, the standard size shears handle of the handle 400 that forceps/tweezers of the present invention is used changes 400c its advantage.These advantages and hands 100 are relevant contacting of palm surface 220 places of the palm surface 210 of the regional M of the ulnar side 111 of the horizontal creases 108 of the radius side 110 of hands 100, hands 100 and nameless 204 and little finger of toe 205.In addition, the third finger 204 and little finger of toe 205 push hands with handle 400c.Adding these characteristics changes 400c as the standard size shears handle of supporting to be applicable to the handle 400 that forceps/tweezers of the present invention is used and the standard size shears handle variation 400c of the handle 400 that hands 100 and forceps/tweezers of the present invention use is combined.The contact area that the standard size shears handle of the handle 400 that forceps/tweezers of the present invention is used changes 400c makes whole hands 100 but not only thumb 201, forefinger 202 and middle finger 203 combine with it so that open and close and hold a shears.

Figure 18 A, 18B and 18C have illustrated the view of embodiment of the handle 400a of Figure 12 A of the present invention and 12B, it has a broad distal end portion 436, with a working end 450 that is positioned at broad distal end portion 436, as be used for getting the file in article such as the file cabinet or will be placed on the surface with article.

Figure 19 A, 19B, 19C and 19D have illustrated the various embodiments that can have the of the present invention single handle 400d that is integrated into handle equipment.Figure 19 A to 19D has illustrated the embodiment of the single handle 400d of the present invention of single " Y " structure with single shape extending element 410a rather than a pair of relative sheet shape extending element 410.Single spiral arm and single ulna arm and single far leg and the front of hands 100 are stated the handle 400 the same counterparts that forceps/tweezers of the present invention uses and are engaged.Figure 19 B has illustrated the embodiment of additional suitable fastening means 452a to the of the present invention single handle 400d of the instrument of handle 400d.Figure 19 C has illustrated and has merged that motor-driven tool 453a rotates or mobile working end 453 or as the embodiment of the of the present invention single handle 400d of the instrument 453 of drill point or screwdriver adnexa.Figure 19 D has illustrated has motor-driven tool 453a to open or closed working end 454 or as the embodiment of the of the present invention single handle 400d of the multiple working end 454 of the instrument of motor-driven tweezers.

In a word, the handle of design can be cast as or form and use the equipment of a plurality of types of holding usually near any according to the present invention.In addition, the handle based on method for designing of the present invention can add or be integrated into the object that can mention, rotate, take action, carry or the like.This kind handle of the present invention can advantageously add or be integrated into object or working end.Moreover this kind handle of the present invention is designed to can change or rotation by axle on each axle in a position of adnexa.For example, can add this handle to handle by the extension, as be used for rotating.

Similarly, handle of the present invention can use various materials to make, and for example, various timber, metal, plastics, synthetic, rubber compound, latex and organic or inorganic material are fit to application-specific of the present invention.In addition, can add the appropriateness of various materials with increase and individualized handle of the present invention.

Aforementioned specification has been described principle of the present invention, preferred embodiment and operator scheme.Yet, wish that protected the present invention is subject to disclosed specific embodiment.Embodiment described here is to be used to illustrate and unrestricted.Change and change using coordinate and do not deviate to make under the situation of spirit of the present invention by other people.Therefore, wish clearly to comprise that at this all fall into change, variation and coordinate in the spirit and scope defined in claim of the present invention.

Claims

1. a hands is characterized in that comprising with pincers type device:

One revolves part, and this revolves part and comprises and a pair ofly revolving the spiral arm that hinge fraction links to each other, and this revolves the radius side part that hinge fraction is used to engage the palm surface of hands;

A mid portion, this mid portion revolves part and does not apply the surface that substantial pressure is positioned at the canalis carpi of hands in abutting connection with this;

A ulnar component, this ulnar component be in abutting connection with this mid portion, and this ulnar component comprises a pair of ulna arm that links to each other at the ulna hinge fraction, is used to engage this ulna hinge fraction of ulnar side part of the palm surface of hands; And

A pair of relative sheet shape extending element, every relative sheet shape extending element at least from one this revolve part, mid portion and ulnar component and extend;

Wherein, this revolves hinge fraction and ulna hinge fraction and engages with the part separately of the palm surface of hands and do not apply substantial pressure to be positioned at this pincers type device in hands and be positioned at the surface of the canalis carpi of hands in this.

2. pincers type device according to claim 1 is characterized in that this pincers type device is by having so that the material manufacture of the spring performance of opening after the closure selectively.

3. pincers type device according to claim 1 is characterized in that further comprising a working end that is positioned at the end of one of at least one pair of relative sheet shape extending element.

4. pincers type device according to claim 3 is characterized in that an instrument is to be attached to separately or to separate working end from the relative sheet shape of this correspondence extending element.

5. pincers type device according to claim 4 is characterized in that each instrument is to be attached to separately or to separate working end from the relative sheet shape of this correspondence extending element by a kind of suitable method of attachment.

6. pincers type device according to claim 5 is characterized in that this instrument has a tip to be used to grab, to pinch or to cut.

7. pincers type device according to claim 1 is characterized in that this revolves hinge fraction and the ulna hinge fraction does not engage the surface that this is positioned at the canalis carpi of hands with partly the engaging to be positioned at this pincers type device in hands separately of palm surface of hands.

8. pincers type device according to claim 1 is characterized in that this pincers type device is a general y-type structure, an asymmetric y-type structure or a catapult type structure.

9. pincers type device according to claim 1 is characterized in that further comprising the join domain that spiral arm, ulna arm and the sheet shape extending element of a correspondence link to each other within it.

10. pincers type device according to claim 9 is characterized in that this join domain comprises the rotating machinery device that a rotation that is used for corresponding spiral arm and this corresponding ulna arm is moved.

11. pincers type device according to claim 1 is characterized in that further comprising a spring mechanical device between this a pair of relative sheet shape extending element, wherein this spring mechanical device keeps this pincers type device in a static position.

12. pincers type device according to claim 1, it is characterized in that further comprising a clamping mechanical device that engages this a pair of relative sheet shape extending element, wherein this clamping mechanical device is kept a position range that comprises an open position that is used for this pincers type device, a part make position and a make position separately.

13. pincers type device according to claim 1 is characterized in that this pincers type device comprises the annular section of the middle finger of the thumb of at least one the hands that at least one is used to hold a correspondence or at least one hands.

14. pincers type device according to claim 13, it is characterized in that further comprising that at least one is positioned at the annular section on each this a pair of relative sheet shape extending element, wherein each annular section on this a pair of relative sheet shape extending element makes this a pair of relative sheet shape extending element of this pincers type device keep an independent extended position.

15. pincers type device according to claim 1, it is characterized in that this pincers type device comprises that the motion that is used for the sheet shape extending element that this is relative is converted to the method for another motion, wherein this method that is used for converting motion is converted to the direction of motion of motion side by side perpendicular to this relative sheet shape extending element with moving side by side of this relative sheet shape extending element.

16. pincers type device according to claim 1 is characterized in that this pincers type device comprises that the motion that is used for the sheet shape extending element that this is relative is converted to the method for the motion of the working end that is used for this pincers type device.

17. pincers type device according to claim 16, it is characterized in that this method that is used for converting motion comprise one with the slipper that hinge fraction extends relevant standing part and and this standing part adjacency that revolves from a pair of spiral arm, along with mobile this slipper of this relative sheet shape extending element to activate the motion of this working end.

18. pincers type device according to claim 17 is characterized in that this method that is used for converting motion comprises that further at least one is used for the holder part that moves with this slipper of the motion that activates this working end.

19. pincers type device according to claim 18 is characterized in that the hinge fraction of this corresponding holder part by a correspondence is attached to this pincers type device and the hinge fraction by a correspondence is attached to this slipper to move this slipper to activate the motion of this working end.

20. pincers type device according to claim 19 is characterized in that this method that is used for converting motion further comprises first spring section that is attached to this slipper and is attached to this pincers type device.

21. pincers type device according to claim 20 is characterized in that this method that is used for converting motion further comprises second spring section that is attached to this standing part and is attached to the slipper of this pincers type device.

22. pincers type device according to claim 21 is characterized in that this working end comprises that this standing part and this slipper comprise a bounced back sheath that is used for surrounding and exposing separately this working end.

23. pincers type device according to claim 17 is characterized in that this working end comprises an instrument, this instrument comprises that this standing part and this slipper comprise that one is used for bouncing back separately and exposing the bounced back sheath of this working end.

24. pincers type device according to claim 17 is characterized in that this working end comprises that this standing part and this slipper comprise a bounced back sheath that is used for surrounding and exposing separately this working end.

25. pincers type device according to claim 18, it is characterized in that this method that is used for converting motion comprise the standing part placed with this pincers type device and with the slipper of this standing part adjacency, along with the motion of this slipper and this this working end of links active, working end.

26. a hands handle is characterized in that comprising:

A single spiral arm, it comprises that one is used for engaging the radius end of radius side part of the palm surface of hands;

A single ulna arm, it has the funny bone of the ulnar side part of the palm surface that is used for engaging hands; And

A single far leg, when this of this single spiral arm revolves termination should during the ulnar side part of the palm surface of this funny bone joint hands of the radius side part of the palm surface of hands and this single ulna arm, it holds thumb and the forefinger of at least one hands and the middle finger of hands of hands separately

Wherein this of this single spiral arm this funny bone of revolving end, this single ulna arm counterpart of engaging the radius side of palm surface of hands and ulnar side is arranged in handle and does not apply the surface of substantial pressure in the canalis carpi that is positioned at hands in hands.

27. handle according to claim 26, this that it is characterized in that this single spiral arm revolve, and this funny bone of end, this single ulna arm engages the radius side of palm surface of hands and the counterpart of ulnar side is arranged in handle does not engage the canalis carpi that is positioned at hands in hands surface.

28. handle according to claim 26 is characterized in that this single spiral arm, single ulna arm and single far leg form the shape of general y-type structure, asymmetric y-type structure or a catapult type structure.

29. handle according to claim 26 is characterized in that this single spiral arm and single ulna arm form a general obtuse angle structure.