CN100570619C - A kind of towards products grade simulated model of parts order reducing method - Google Patents
A kind of towards products grade simulated model of parts order reducing method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
A kind ofly belong to CAD area of computer aided Collaborative Product simulation technical field towards products grade simulated model of parts order reducing method, it is characterized in that, contain following steps: three-dimensional grid model and the compute mode of setting up parts with ANSYS software, extract the mass matrix and the stiffness matrix of model of parts, use Mathematica software again and in conjunction with the depression of order algorithm in the finite element analysis, according to resulting stiffness matrix, mass matrix, and the state during the structure maximum distortion under the typical load of setting, state during system balancing drops to the model of parts that m mode constitutes to the model of parts with n-dimensional vector.The present invention has improved the products grade simulated speed of complex product, has improved the degree of reusing of emulated data, and simple to operate, is easy to realize.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to area of computer aided Collaborative Product simulation technical field.
Background technology
Complex Mechatronic Products, as lathe, automobile, robot and aerospace flight vehicle etc., normally the big system of a complexity comprises a large amount of parts or subsystem, relates to a plurality of physical fields, and the performance between the each several part influences each other, and coupling is closely.In product design process, need the design specialist of various fields, at the performance requirement of product, carry out design effort.In order just to find the problem in the parts design at the commitment of product design, reduce design alteration, thereby reduce design cost, quicken design process, introduce emulation technology in each link of complex product design process and seem particularly important.
Yet, because coupling closely between the each several part of many complex products, the emulation that simple dependence is carried out single physical field to the parts performance can't guarantee that product meets design requirement, therefore, entire product is carried out the products grade simulated important means that has become the checking properties of product, carried out design optimization.So-called products grade simulated, be meant that the model with parts or subsystem makes up, constitute the block mold of product, and utilize block mold to carry out the properties of product method of emulation.But because it is many and constrained each other to form the amount of parts of product integral body, the products grade simulated difficulty that implements is big.
A kind of effective solution is before products grade simulated, each parts is carried out depression of order handle, and utilizes the model of parts behind the depression of order to carry out products grade simulated then.Therefore, setting up rational and effective parts reduced-order model is to realize products grade simulated key.The model reduction algorithm mainly concentrates on the complex control system aspect at present, and relatively classic methods has: aggregation method, singular perturbation method, mode method of approximation, Pade approximatioss or the like.Be primarily aimed in aspect the model emulation of flow field in mechanical aspects research, the especially application of POD depression of order algorithm in the flow field, to the depression of order algorithm of component structural itself seldom.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to for products grade simulated a kind of computing method of simplifying fast and accurately that provide are provided, on the basis of theory analysis, the product component model is carried out depression of order based on accurate simulation result, promptly reduce the degree of freedom of realistic model, thereby reduce requirement to the computer software and hardware condition, accelerate computing velocity, thereby guarantee products grade simulated can carrying out quickly and accurately.
The invention is characterized in:
1. one kind towards products grade simulated model of parts order reducing method, it is characterized in that, described method realizes in computing machine successively according to the following steps:
Step (1). in described computing machine, set up the parts MBM, the detailed simulation result extraction module of model of parts, and model of parts depression of order module;
Step (2). set up the three-dimensional model of parts according to the following steps with the parts MBM:
The physical size and the correlation parameter of step (2.1) input parts are set up the three-dimensional model of parts with ANSYS software, and are preserved;
The three-dimensional model that step (2.2) is set up step 2.1 with described ANSYS software carries out tetrahedral grid to be divided, and preserves;
The actual conditions that the parts three-dimensional grid model that step (2.3) is set up step 2.2 with described ANSYS software moves according to parts are added constraint accordingly, and are preserved;
Step (3). with described ANSYS software find the solution module Solution, the model of parts that described parts MBM is built is carried out emulation, if meet the demands, then carry out next step, otherwise return step 2.1, revise the parts parameter, up to meeting design requirement;
Step (4). the simulation result that obtains in the extraction step 3 according to the following steps successively;
Step (4.1) is selected this (BlockLanczos) method compute mode of the blue assistant of piecemeal, and is preserved with described model analysis (Modal) of finding the solution among the module Solution;
The mode of the model of parts that step (4.2) obtains according to step 4.1 is extracted the stiffness matrix and the mass matrix of model of parts with described ANSYS software;
Step (5). read in described mass matrix and stiffness matrix, call Mathematica software, parts are carried out the depression of order computing by following algorithm:
Described parts three-dimensional grid model is the state n-dimensional vector x during the structure maximum distortion under the typical load-up condition of setting
MaxExpression, n is a number of degrees of freedom; Definition: x
Off=x
Max-x
Eqm,
N-dimensional vector x wherein
EqmBe the known system equilibrium state,
Be one group of irrelevant vector basis (being modal vector) of the n dimensional linear of setting,
Expression is with vector x
OffWith vector
The absolute value that draws after the dot product,
Be vector basis
The 2-norm, with a
iArrange m a before selecting for use from big to small
iM corresponding mode programming makes up the parts reduced-order model, and then the parts degree of freedom is reduced to m from n.
This advantage towards products grade simulated model of parts order reducing method is:
(1) employing is based on the networked means implementation model depression of order algorithm of JSP, share simulation result for realizing multi-person synergy, the standardized management that realizes simulation flow, data, result provides necessary preparation, has improved the products grade simulated speed of complex product, has effectively shortened product development cycle.
(2) improved the degree of reusing of emulated data.Reduced-order model is to make up on the basis of the accurate simulation result of parts, has improved the degree of reusing of the accurate simulation results of parts, has reduced the cost of depression of order modeling.
(3) simple to operate, be easy to realize.Ripe business software is adopted in the accurate emulation of model of parts, and the structure of reduced-order model adopts higher level lanquage can realize by simple programming.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1. structural framing figure of the present invention;
Fig. 2. find the solution degree of freedom graph of a relation behind consuming time and the depression of order;
Fig. 3. the grid dividing figure of wing model;
Fig. 4. the wing model depression of order is separated with non-depression of order and is separated comparison diagram;
Fig. 5. the wing model depression of order is separated error bar figure.
Embodiment
Described emulation mode is a kind of model order reducing method at component structural, and this method comprises following 3 modules, as shown in Figure 1, is respectively:
One, parts MBM
This module mainly is to set up the three-dimensional grid model of parts, finishes calculating such as detailed emulation, depression of order for other modules provide basic model, and the step that comprises is as follows:
Step 1.1 is set up the three-dimensional entity model of parts.According to physical size, the material of parts, by input equipments such as mouse, keyboards, utilization ANSYS software is manually set up its model, and the three-dimensional model of foundation saves as the model.sat form.
Step 1.2 pair model of parts is carried out grid dividing.In ANSYS software, the parts three-dimensional solid modeling that step 1.1 is set up, according to by line to face, come three-dimensional model is divided tetrahedral grid by input equipments such as mouse, keyboards to the order of body by face, reach the purpose of continuous system discretize, obtain the grid model of parts, save as the model.db formatted file.
Step 1.3 pair model of parts is added constraint.In ANSYS software, the parts three-dimensional grid model that step 1.2 is set up adds corresponding constraint according to the actual conditions of parts operation, saves as the model.db formatted file, and restraint condition is derived by ANSYS software, saves as Forces.txt.
Two, the detailed simulation result extraction module of model of parts
This module mainly be utilization ANSYS software find the solution the Solution module, parts model of parts that MBM is built is carried out detailed emulation, if meet design requirement, then extract the detailed simulation result of model of parts successively according to the following steps, so that the depression of order computing of model of parts, if do not satisfy then return the parts MBM, revise the parts parameter and after detailed emulation, meet design requirement:
Step 2.1 is calculated the mode of model of parts.Mode is a kind of natural vibration characteristic of vibrational system, generally comprises frequency, the vibration shape, damping etc.Parts are owing to be divided into a plurality of junior units when carrying out finite element analysis, therefore a plurality of degree of freedom have appearred, so the multiple vibration shape (being modal vector again) can occur, a plurality of natural frequencies of vibration (being model frequency again) are arranged simultaneously, the mode of structure only and the relating to parameters of structure itself and has nothing to do with external force and damping.In ANSYS software, " Modal " that the model of parts that step 1 is set up is used in " Solution " functional module analyzes, select " Block Lanczos " method compute mode, ANSYS is stored in the model.full file the result of model analysis.
Step 2.2 is extracted the stiffness matrix of model of parts.Select " List/Files/Binary Files " order in the ANSYS software, in ejecting dialog box, select " Matrix ", import step 2.1 gained mod ē l.full file, select in " Matrix to write " frame " Stiffness ", click and determine, the stiffness matrix that extracts model of parts is the Stiff.txt file.
Step 2.3 is extracted the mass matrix of model of parts.Select " List/Files/Binary Files " order in the ANSYS software, in ejecting dialog box, select " Matrix ", import step 2.1 gained model.full file, select in " Matrix to write " frame " Mass ", click and determine, the mass matrix that extracts model of parts is the Mass.txt file.
Three, model of parts depression of order module
This module is called the related function of Mathematica software by programming, and parts are carried out the depression of order derivation, is the nucleus module of this method.
Step 3.1 is determined the algorithm of model reduction.The depression of order principle is as follows: when solid structure was analyzed, common method was a limited element analysis technique.Supposing has n degree of freedom after certain structure is divided grid, and then system state can be represented by n-dimensional vector x.Generally, for the performance of real simulation structure, the grid of division can be thinner, and corresponding n can be very big.In order to compare accurate simulation, can do following approximate conversion with less degree of freedom:
N-dimensional vector x wherein
EqmBe the system balancing state,
Be the irrelevant vector basis of one group of known m dimensional linear, q
iBe corresponding superposition coefficient, so degree of freedom in system just can be from the n depression of order to m, when m＜＜during n, simulation process just can be accelerated greatly.By above analysis as can be known, a very crucial problem is exactly how to seek suitable vector basis in the model reduction process
Elastic body is owing to be divided into a plurality of junior units when carrying out finite element analysis, the multiple vibration shape (modal vector) appears, a plurality of natural frequencies of vibration (model frequency) are arranged simultaneously, all modal vector have been formed the accurate model of parts, take following mode based on maximum distortion to influence evaluation assessment and choose the mode that structural behaviour is had the greatest impact
Under the prerequisite that guarantees computational accuracy, utilize these mode of choosing further to make up the reduced-order model of parts, thereby reduce the degree of freedom of model.
If under certain typical load-up condition, the state during the structure maximum distortion is x
Max,
Definition: x
Off=x
Max-x
Eqm,
N-dimensional vector x wherein
EqmBe the known system equilibrium state,
Be one group of irrelevant vector basis (being modal vector) of the n dimensional linear of setting,
Expression is with vector x
OffWith vector
The numerical value that draws after the dot product takes absolute value,
Be vector basis
The 2-norm, with a
iArrange then preceding m a from big to small
iCorresponding mode selects this m mode to make up the parts reduced-order model to the deformation effect maximum of structure, and the model degree of freedom is then reduced to m from n.
Step 3.2 is set up the business logic processing class of model of parts depression of order module.Utilize Java language to write the business logic processing class, by calling the related function in the Mathematica software, the depression of order algorithm in the performing step 3.1.Wherein mainly comprise writeModel, read in modal analysis result; WriteMassMatrixGif reads in mass matrix, and makes simple analysis; WriteStiffMatrixGif reads in stiffness matrix, and makes simple analysis; EigenSystem finds the solution eigenwert and proper vector; NSolve2 is with order reducing method numerical solution zero initial condition problem; NSolveWithoutReduction3 uses not order reducing method numerical solution zero initial condition problem; Error, the relatively error under depression of order and the depression of order situation not.
The page that step 3.3 is set up model of parts depression of order module shows.The page that utilizes Java language to write JSP shows, be encapsulated in the bag " ROM ", be implemented in the business logic processing class of the model of parts depression of order module that importing step 3.2 is finished on the webpage and import realization model of parts depression of order function from load, mass matrix, the stiffness matrix of parts MBM, the detailed simulation result extraction module of model of parts by coding.Wherein, InputMatrix.jsp is a program entry, is responsible for the result data of the emulation in detail end of uploading onto the server; The data that ShowGraph.jsp uploads for demonstration visually, and allow the user select some options, these options will influence the algorithm process that depression of order is analyzed; Solution.jsp shows corresponding solving result for according to the top option of finding the solution.The solving result that can show comprises: the error of being brought behind the depression of order numerical solution under depression of order analytic solution (should not calculate analytic solution in the time of the problem complexity), non-depression of order analytic solution (should not calculate analytic solution in the time of the problem complexity), the zero initial condition, the non-depression of order numerical solution under the zero initial condition, the comparison depression of order; CloseMath.jsp is the Mathematica engine of closing server end running background, saving server resource, for next user's emulation provides more cpu resource.
Step 3.4 utilizes Eclipse software that the business logic processing class and the page of step 3.2 and step 3.3 foundation are shown the bag that breaks into the war form, called after ROM.war.
For understanding technical scheme of the present invention better, above algorithm application is analyzed in the common parts wing model of space industry, be further described.
Step 1 is set up the three-dimensional entity model of wing.According to physical size, the material of parts, by input equipments such as mouse, keyboards, utilization ANSYS software is manually set up its model, and the three-dimensional model of foundation saves as the wing.sat form.
Step 2 pair wing model carries out grid dividing.In ANSYS software, the wing three-dimensional solid modeling that step 1 is set up, according to by line to face, come three-dimensional model is divided tetrahedral grid by input equipments such as mouse, keyboards to the order of body by face, it is divided into 460 movable nodes, obtain the grid model of parts, as shown in Figure 3, save as the wing.db formatted file.
Step 3 pair wing model adds constraint.In ANSYS software, the wing three-dimensional grid model that step 2 is set up adds corresponding constraint according to the actual conditions of parts operation, saves as the wing.db formatted file, and restraint condition is derived by ANSYS software, saves as Forces.txt.
The mode of step 4 computing machine wing model.In ANSYS software, " Modal " that the model of parts that step 3 is set up is used in " Solution " functional module analyzes, select " Block Lanczos " method compute mode, ANSYS is stored in the wing.full file the result of model analysis.
The stiffness matrix of step 5 extractor wing model.Select " List/Files/Binary Files " order in the ANSYS software, in ejecting dialog box, select " Matrix ", import step 4 gained wing.full file, select in " Matrix to write " frame " Stiffness ", click and determine that the stiffness matrix of extractor wing model is the Stiff.txt file.
The mass matrix of step 6 extractor wing model.Select " List/Files/Binary Files " order in the ANSYS software, in ejecting dialog box, select " Matrix ", import step 4 gained wing.full file, select in " Matrix to write " frame " Mass ", click and determine that the stiffness matrix of extractor wing model is the Mass.txt file.
The installation of step 7 model of parts depression of order module.Server launch computer J2SDK software in the webapps file under the ROM.war file importing Apache Tomcat software installation path, restarts the model of parts depression of order module that Apache Tomcat just can directly use described foundation., can use only with input server ip: port numbers/ROM on client computed address hurdle.
The input of step 8 model of parts depression of order module.The Forces.txt file that step 3 is obtained, the wing.full file that step 4 obtains, the Stiff.txt file that step 5 obtains, the corresponding dialog box of the Mass.txt file that step 6 obtains input model of parts depression of order module, and select the corresponding calculated option according to demand, as zero initial condition depression of order numerical solution, the non-depression of order numerical solution of zero initial condition and error analysis etc., click and determine to submit to input.
The output of step 9 model of parts depression of order module.Input according to step 8, model of parts depression of order module provides corresponding result of calculation output, ejects the CloseMath page at last, and the user can select the Mathematica engine of closing server end running background, saving server resource, for next user's emulation provides more cpu resource.
Calculating the exponent number from 1 to 100 that Fig. 2 reduces to for wing model is consuming time, and this curve approximation is a para-curve, says something the difficulty of finding the solution roughly becomes quafric curve with reducing to exponent number relation, and increases with exponent number, and is consuming time elongated; Fig. 4 be in two kinds of models numerical solution (being the displacement of each point) of trying to achieve one separate time dependent image, both goodnesses of fit are better; Fig. 5 reduces to error bar figure corresponding behind 40 rank for wing model, and relative error is all less than 3% as can be seen. In addition, depression of order computing time is not 97.41 seconds from time contrast, and be 4.86 seconds computing time behind the depression of order.
Claims (1)
1. one kind towards products grade simulated model of parts order reducing method, it is characterized in that, described method realizes in computing machine successively according to the following steps:
Step (1). in described computing machine, set up the parts MBM, the detailed simulation result extraction module of model of parts, and model of parts depression of order module;
Step (2). set up the three-dimensional model of parts according to the following steps with the parts MBM:
The physical size and the correlation parameter of step (2.1) input parts are set up the three-dimensional model of parts with ANSYS software, and are preserved;
The three-dimensional model that step (2.2) is set up step (2.1) with described ANSYS software carries out tetrahedral grid to be divided, and preserves;
The actual conditions that the parts three-dimensional grid model that step (2.3) is set up step (2.2) with described ANSYS software moves according to parts are added constraint accordingly, and are preserved;
Step (3). with described ANSYS software find the solution module Solution, the model of parts that described parts MBM is built is carried out emulation, if meet the demands, then carry out next step, otherwise return step (2.1), revise the parts parameter, up to meeting design requirement;
Step (4). the simulation result that obtains in the extraction step (3) according to the following steps successively:
Step (4.1) is selected this (BlockLanczos) method compute mode of the blue assistant of piecemeal, and is preserved with described model analysis (Modal) of finding the solution among the module Solution;
The mode of the model of parts that step (4.2) obtains according to step (4.1) is extracted the stiffness matrix and the mass matrix of model of parts with described ANSYS software;
Step (5). read in described mass matrix and stiffness matrix, call Mathematica software, parts are carried out the depression of order computing by following algorithm:
Described parts three-dimensional grid model is the state n-dimensional vector x during the structure maximum distortion under the typical load-up condition of setting
MaxExpression, n is a number of degrees of freedom; Definition: x
Off=x
Max-x
Eqm,
N-dimensional vector x wherein
EqmBe the known system equilibrium state,
Be one group of irrelevant vector basis of the n dimensional linear of setting, i.e. modal vector,
Expression is with vector x
OffWith vector
The absolute value that draws after the dot product,
Be vector basis
The 2-norm, with a
iArrange m a before selecting for use from big to small
iM corresponding mode programming makes up the parts reduced-order model, and then the parts degree of freedom is reduced to m from n.
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| CN101989307A (en) * | 2009-07-30 | 2011-03-23 | 中国商用飞机有限责任公司 | Method for designing plane control cabin windshield specific to visual field |
| WO2014043844A1 (en) * | 2012-09-18 | 2014-03-27 | Lu Ming | Method for building flight icing reduced-order model in flight simulator |
| CN104298823B (en) * | 2014-10-09 | 2017-09-15 | 中国空气动力研究与发展中心高速空气动力研究所 | A kind of high and low temperature balance analysis method and analysis system |
| CN105260572A (en) * | 2015-11-10 | 2016-01-20 | 四川东方电气自动控制工程有限公司 | Fan blade modeling software calling system and calling method thereof |
| CN109657304B (en) * | 2018-12-03 | 2021-06-18 | 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 | Automatic simulation method and system for random vibration of air conditioner |
| CN112949104B (en) * | 2019-11-26 | 2023-07-25 | 中国科学院沈阳自动化研究所 | Real-time modal analysis method for collaborative robot |
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