CN100563809C - Hydrogenation reactor no wall flow technique and device thereof - Google Patents
Hydrogenation reactor no wall flow technique and device thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN100563809C CN100563809C CNB2006100469895A CN200610046989A CN100563809C CN 100563809 C CN100563809 C CN 100563809C CN B2006100469895 A CNB2006100469895 A CN B2006100469895A CN 200610046989 A CN200610046989 A CN 200610046989A CN 100563809 C CN100563809 C CN 100563809C
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of hydrogenation reactor no wall flow technique and device thereof.He has solved reactor " wall stream " problem, improves the reaction earning rate.It is that cone-shaped wall stream baffling dish is installed in hydrogenation reactor, and the vertical position that wall stream baffling dish is installed is as the criterion with the upper surface of baffling tube, generally is located at 1/4～1/5 place, top of each beds, the main shaft of baffling dish and reactor coincides.The radial dimension of wall stream baffling dish (1) is about 3%～7% of reactor inside diameter, and the half cone drift angle can be made as 35 °～60 °.The conical rings dish is fixed on the baffling tube by the connecting plate on the fixed adjustment mechanisms, arranged outside hermetically-sealed construction at the baffling tube, fixed adjustment mechanisms is fixed on conical rings dish, baffling tube on the inwall of reactor, and hermetically-sealed construction is realized the sealing of baffling tube and hydrogenation reactor wall.The present invention eliminates the influence that wall effect convection cell uniformity distributes, and improves response intensity, thereby obtains higher earning rate.
Description
Technical field:
The present invention relates to the technical field of all kinds of hydrogenation reactors in the device such as petrochemical industry, exactly is a kind of hydrogenation reactor no wall flow technique and device thereof.Also being suitable for the consersion unit of other similar operating mode simultaneously, is the improvement to former hydrogenation reactor structure, reaches the effect that improves the reaction earning rate.
Background technology:
Reactor is an equipment of finishing two or more medium chemical reaction process, is the nucleus equipment in the device such as petrochemical industry.Generally, reactants such as gas in the reactor and liquid pass fixed beds with the state that flows and finish course of reaction, and the gas-liquid two-phase convective flow, the catalyst transfixion.Evenly flowing of reaction medium is to guarantee sufficient reacting and crucial completely, also is the important indicator of weighing reactor performance.Therefore, improve evenly flowing of medium cause close important.
At present, the internal structure of reactor mainly is made up of inlet diffuser, top distribution plate, de-sludging indigo plant, cold hydrogen box, reallocation dish, exit collector etc.Wherein inlet diffuser, top distribution plate, reallocation dish are to improve the important internals that homogeneous media flows and distributes.
Inlet diffuser is that medium enters first parts that reactor runs into.Its effect be the Medium Diffusion of will come in to the whole cross section of reactor, eliminate gas, liquid medium vertical impact on the one hand to the top distribution plate, on the other hand for the steady operation of distribution plate creates conditions, impel the gas-liquid two-phase mixing by disturbance.
Top distribution plate and reallocation dish are installed in above the beds, and its effect is for uniform reaction medium, improves its flow condition, realize contacting with the good of catalyst, and then reach radial and axial equally distributed purpose.
The de-sludging basket is arranged on the top beds of hydrogenation reactor, and the porcelain ball on bed filters the medium that enters reactor.The de-sludging basket generally is arranged in the bed upper surface equably, the an amount of bulky grain porcelain ball of filling around it, increasing gas permeability, but studies have shown that in recent years, reactor head can influence the gas, liquid distribution of bed after the de-sludging basket is set, that is influences evenly flowing and distributing of medium.At present, DESIGN OF REACTOR is generally cancelled the de-sludging basket both at home and abroad, to reduce the radial temperature profile of investing and improving bed.
Internals such as other cold hydrogen box, exit collector, little to evenly flowing of medium with distribution influence.
In recent years, domestic and international research to hydrogenation reactor mainly concentrates on the development of new inner member.Being intended to increases effective charge space of catalyst in reactor and strengthens the gas-liquid distribution effects, to prevent adverse effects such as channel, catalyst coking.Error on the reactor internals are selected and designed not only will be lost the inner space of reactor, but also can influence the service efficiency and the life-span of catalyst.
Internals such as above inlet diffuser, top distribution plate, reallocation dish have solved inside reactor Liquid Flow and distribution preferably, but the influence that " wall effect " convection cell uniformity distributes does not also cause enough attention of people.Promptly when normal running, liquid phase and lime set can occur along downward the flowing of reactor wall (being called for short " wall stream ") phenomenon, this wall flow phenomenon can produce very big negative effect to the reaction earning rate.In the practical problem with reactor ruuning situation and existence, research and development have designed new reactor internals at some for we---and " wall stream baffling dish ", convection cell produces " closing in " effect, has successfully solved " wall stream " problem of reactor.This technology of this invention can further improve the homogeneous media flowability in the reactor, thereby improves the reaction earning rate.
Summary of the invention:
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of hydrogenation reactor no wall flow technique and device thereof.Mainly solve " wall stream " problem in the course of reaction by " wall stream baffling dish ", convection cell generation " closing in " effect has successfully solved " wall stream " problem of reactor.Further improve the homogeneous media flowability in the reactor, thereby improve the reaction earning rate.
Present technique comprises two parts content: the one, and wall stream baffling dish technology; The 2nd, wall stream baffling dish structure technology.
1. wall flows baffling dish technology
Wall stream baffling dish technology is a center of the present invention technology, and the critical component that conical ring dish is a present technique.The effect of ring dish has two: the one, and the effect of water conservancy diversion; The one, the effect of baffling.The effect of water conservancy diversion be with near the wall from top to down liquid phase stream or the centre of the lime set directed response device that produces of gas-liquid convection; The effect of baffling be will be near the wall to down and on vapor phase stream be folded to the centre of reactor.This final result of leading a folding is in order to have increased the uniformity of gas-liquid convection, raising response intensity, thereby the higher reaction earning rate of acquisition.Wall stream baffling dish technology main points are radial width and cone angles of determining the conical rings dish by calculating.
Wall stream baffling dish technology Calculation comprises following emphasis key element:
A) by technology Calculation (proposing), determine operation conditions such as reactive hydrogen dividing potential drop, reaction temperature by the technology specialty to reactor;
B) according to the operating characteristic of bed, determine the flow behavior of bed interior media, as: the ratio of gas-liquid two-phase, convection current form etc.;
C) what of analysis and judgement liquid phase wall miscarriage position of giving birth to and amount are determined the vertical position that wall stream baffling dish is installed;
D) what, the ratio of gas-liquid two-phase, flow velocity, convection current form etc. of liquid phase stream are the major parameters of decision baffling disc radial size and cone-apex angle.
According to experience in design, can design by following method generally speaking:
Mass flowrate in liquid phase stream is all less greater than vapor phase stream and gas-liquid two-phase flow velocity, that is liquid phase stream ρ v
2＜300kg/ (m.s
2), vapor phase stream ρ v
2＜1000kg/ (m.s
2) time, the radial dimension of baffling dish is about 3%～7% of reactor inside diameter, and the half cone drift angle can be made as 45 °～60 °; When gas phase, liquid phase flow rate all relatively large, that is vapor phase stream ρ v
2＞1000kg/ (m.s
2), liquid phase stream ρ v
2＞300kg/ (m.s
2) time, the radial dimension of baffling dish is preferably 2%～5% of reactor inside diameter, and the half cone drift angle is between 30 °～45 °; When the vapor phase stream mass flowrate greater than liquid phase stream, and vapor phase stream ρ v
2＞1000kg/ (m.s
2) time, the radial dimension of baffling dish is preferably 2%～5% of reactor inside diameter, and the half cone drift angle should be 45 °～55 °.
Wherein: ρ-fluid density, kg/m
3The v-rate of flow of fluid, m/s.
The vertical position that wall stream baffling dish is installed generally is located at 1/4～1/5 place, top (upper surface with the baffling tube is as the criterion) of beds.
2. wall flows baffling dish structure technology
Wall stream baffling dish structurally mainly is made up of conical rings dish, baffling tube, hermetically-sealed construction and fixed adjustment mechanisms four parts.Connection and overall installation between each parts of wall stream baffling dish are as follows: the conical rings dish is fixed on the baffling tube by connecting plate, in the arranged outside hermetically-sealed construction and the fixed adjustment mechanisms of baffling tube; Fixed adjustment mechanisms is fixed on conical rings dish, baffling tube on the inwall of reactor; Hermetically-sealed construction is realized the sealing of baffling tube and wall.
During installation, the main shaft of baffling dish and reactor coincides, promptly the conical bus and the reactor wall of ring dish have a certain degree along vertical, and this angle will be decided according to the cone-apex angle size that calculates above.
Advantage of the present invention is as follows:
1. wall flows the advantage of baffling dish technology
The key problem in technology of wall stream baffling dish technology is by the ring dish in the wall stream baffling dish, with near the wall from top to down liquid phase stream or the centre of the lime set directed response device that produces of gas-liquid convection, simultaneously will be near the wall to down and on vapor phase stream be folded to the centre of reactor.Can increase the uniformity of gas-liquid convection like this, eliminate the influence that wall effect convection cell uniformity distributes, improve response intensity, thereby obtain higher earning rate.Generally can improve reaction earning rate about 5%～10%.
2. wall flows the advantage of baffling dish structure technology
Wall stream baffling dish except will satisfying baffling dish technological operation requirement, also will solve sealing and fixation problem under the hot conditions on structural design.Simple in structure, the good seal performance of hermetically-sealed construction of the present invention and encapsulant can adapt to the hot environment below 450 ℃, and easy for installation.In the design of fixed structure, employing be can temperature variant split type automatic governor motion, can adapt to 0～450 ℃ of so bigger variations in temperature.
In addition, this fixed adjustment mechanisms need not at reactor wall any support member or connector to be set, and has kept the complete sum of inwall smooth, particularly the reactor that has the built-up welding lining is not had any damage.
Description of drawings:
Fig. 1 does not have the structural representation of wall stream device for hydrogenation reactor of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the A-A cutaway view of Fig. 1.
The specific embodiment:
Embodiment 1
The application of two reactors of " 200,000 tons of/year catalytic gasoline hydrogenation modifying devices ".Two DESIGN OF REACTOR parameters are as follows:
First stage reactor: operating pressure 2.55MPa, 430 ℃ of operating temperatures, medium gasoline, hydrogen, specification φ 1400 * 19190 * 34.
Second stage reactor: operating pressure 2.65MPa, 430 ℃ of operating temperatures, medium gasoline, hydrogen, specification φ 2400 * 16450 * 54.
The specific design step is as follows:
According to above parameter, reaction by the technology specialty calculates, the flow behavior of gas-liquid two-phase is basic identical during these two reactor operations, and the mass flowrate of liquid phase stream is all less greater than the gas-liquid two-phase flow velocity between vapor phase stream and each bed of catalyst, wherein liquid phase stream ρ v
2=210～260kg/ (m.s
2), vapor phase stream ρ v
2=650～780kg/ (m.s
2), according to definite method of the radial dimension of aforementioned baffling dish, determine the radial dimension of baffling dish: the width of first stage reactor baffling dish is 46mm, is 3.3% of internal diameter, the half cone drift angle is taken as 45 ° (cold hydrogen is regularly injected in the consideration stage casing sometimes, can produce vapor phase stream and fluctuate in short-term); The width of second stage reactor baffling dish is 56mm, is 2.3% of internal diameter, and the half cone drift angle also is 45 °.The angle of the radial dimension of above-mentioned baffling dish and half cone drift angle is the data that can change within the specific limits.The radial dimension of the baffling dish of the reactor of the catalytic gasoline hydrogenation modifying device of different output and the angle of half cone drift angle all can be determined with reference to above-mentioned method for designing.
The vertical position that wall stream baffling dish is installed: first stage reactor is located at the upper surface 1000mm place apart from beds; Second stage reactor is located at the upper surface 1500mm place apart from beds.
Mesospore stream baffling dish of the present invention (1) is made up of hermetically-sealed construction (2), guiding mechanism (3), conical rings dish (4), fixed mechanism (5), baffling tube (6), conical rings dish (4) is fixed on the baffling tube (6) by the connecting plate on fixed mechanism (5) and the guiding mechanism (3), arranged outside hermetically-sealed construction (2) at baffling tube (6), guiding mechanism (3) and fixed mechanism (5) are fixed on conical rings dish, baffling tube on the inwall of reactor, and hermetically-sealed construction (2) is realized the sealing of baffling tube and hydrogenation reactor (7) wall.
Hermetically-sealed construction belongs to the material filling type sealing, and encapsulant can adopt oil resistant, resistant to elevated temperatures asbestos, graphite packing etc.
Fixed adjustment mechanisms is the ring dish that the wall stream baffling dish of piecemeal is unified into an integral body, and this ring dish is fixed on the reactor wall, be divided into fixed mechanism (5) and guiding mechanism (3), fixed mechanism is to have established the connection journal stirrup in the end of every baffling dish, and the bolt hole that passes on the journal stirrup with plain bolt can join two baffling dishes together; Guiding mechanism is that a cover or two cover guiding mechanisms are set on the joint portion of wall stream baffling dish piecemeal, effect is to make the integral body of baffling dish produce an outside tension force, and combine closely by airtight and watertight padding and reactor wall, the main original paper of guiding mechanism is two-way adjusting lever, an its end band left hand thread, other end band right-handed thread, centre are the hexagonal shoulders; The screwed hole that connects journal stirrup on the threaded rod at adjusting lever two ends and the piecemeal baffling dish matches.Realize adjustment process with spanner chucking hexagonal shoulder and rotation during operation.
Wall stream baffling dish all can be produced in general machining factory.After getting all the parts ready, can install with reference to accompanying drawing and above-mentioned installation process.
Claims (2)
1, hydrogenation reactor does not have wall stream device, it is characterized in that: cone-shaped wall stream baffling dish (1) is installed in hydrogenation reactor (7), described wall stream baffling dish (1) is by hermetically-sealed construction (2), guiding mechanism (3), conical rings dish (4), fixed mechanism (5), baffling tube (6) is formed, conical rings dish (4) is fixed on the baffling tube (6) by the connecting plate on fixed mechanism (5) and the guiding mechanism (3), arranged outside hermetically-sealed construction (2) at baffling tube (6), guiding mechanism (3) and fixed mechanism (5) are with the conical rings dish, the baffling tube is fixed on the inwall of reactor, hermetically-sealed construction (2) is realized the sealing of baffling tube and hydrogenation reactor (7) wall, fixed mechanism (5) and guiding mechanism (3) are unified into the wall stream baffling dish of piecemeal on the ring dish of an integral body, and this ring dish is fixed on the reactor wall, fixed mechanism is to have established the connection journal stirrup in the end of every baffling dish, and the bolt hole that passes on the journal stirrup with plain bolt can join two baffling dishes together; Guiding mechanism is that a cover or two cover guiding mechanisms are set on the joint portion of wall stream baffling dish piecemeal, effect is to make the integral body of baffling dish produce an outside tension force, and combine closely by airtight and watertight padding and reactor wall, the main original paper of guiding mechanism is two-way adjusting lever, an its end band left hand thread, other end band right-handed thread, centre are the hexagonal shoulders; The screwed hole that connects journal stirrup on the threaded rod at adjusting lever two ends and the piecemeal baffling dish matches, during operation with spanner chucking hexagonal shoulder and rotate and realize adjustment process; The vertical position of the installation of described wall stream baffling dish (1) is as the criterion with the upper surface of baffling tube, generally is located at 1/4～1/5 place, top of each beds, and the main shaft of baffling dish (1) and reactor coincides are as liquid phase stream ρ v
2＜300kg/ms
2, vapor phase stream ρ v
2＜1000kg/ms
2The time, the radial dimension of baffling dish is preferably 3%～7% of reactor inside diameter, and the half cone drift angle of baffling dish is 45 °～60 °; Perhaps when gas phase, liquid phase flow rate all relatively large, that is vapor phase stream ρ v
2＞1000kg/ms
2, liquid phase stream ρ v
2＞300kg/ms
2The time, the radial dimension of baffling dish is preferably 2%～5% of reactor inside diameter, and the half cone drift angle is between 30 °～45 °; Perhaps work as the vapor phase stream mass flowrate greater than liquid phase stream, and vapor phase stream ρ v
2＞1000kg/ms
2The time, the radial dimension of baffling dish is preferably 2%～5% of reactor inside diameter, and the half cone drift angle should be 45 °～55 °, wherein: ρ-fluid density, kg/m
3The v-rate of flow of fluid, m/s.
2, hydrogenation reactor according to claim 1 does not have wall stream device, it is characterized in that: hermetically-sealed construction belongs to the material filling type sealing, and encapsulant adopts oil resistant, resistant to elevated temperatures asbestos or graphite packing.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB2006100469895A CN100563809C (en) | 2006-06-21 | 2006-06-21 | Hydrogenation reactor no wall flow technique and device thereof |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB2006100469895A CN100563809C (en) | 2006-06-21 | 2006-06-21 | Hydrogenation reactor no wall flow technique and device thereof |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1915482A CN1915482A (en) | 2007-02-21 |
| CN100563809C true CN100563809C (en) | 2009-12-02 |
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| CN104028176B (en) * | 2014-06-13 | 2015-12-09 | 浙江工业大学 | Biological aviation kerosine reaction unit is prepared in a kind of hydrocracking |
| CN105582857B (en) * | 2014-10-21 | 2019-05-31 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | A kind of gas-liquid-solid phase reaction device and its application method |
| US20220091065A1 (en) * | 2020-09-18 | 2022-03-24 | Visera Technologies Company Limited | Sensor device and method of using the same |
| CN114534642A (en) * | 2022-03-25 | 2022-05-27 | 新疆恒有能源科技股份有限公司 | Reaction device for preparing aromatic oil from liquefied gas |
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Owner name: LIAONING BRANCH OF CHINA HUANQIU CONTRACTING + ENG Free format text: FORMER NAME: FUSHUN BRANCH, CHINA PETROLEUM GROUP ENGINEERING DESIGN CO., LTD. |
|
| CP01 | Change in the name or title of a patent holder |
Address after: 113006 Liaoning province Fushun City River Road No. 16 Patentee after: Liaoning Branch,China Huanqiu Engineering Co., Ltd. Address before: 113006 Liaoning province Fushun City River Road No. 16 Patentee before: Fushun Branch, China Petroleum Group Engineering Design Co., Ltd. |