CN100562649C - Oil-feeding device for engine - Google Patents

Oil-feeding device for engine Download PDF

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Publication number
CN100562649C
CN100562649C CNB2004800053427A CN200480005342A CN100562649C CN 100562649 C CN100562649 C CN 100562649C CN B2004800053427 A CNB2004800053427 A CN B2004800053427A CN 200480005342 A CN200480005342 A CN 200480005342A CN 100562649 C CN100562649 C CN 100562649C
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China
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oil
oil pump
mentioned
circuit
pump
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CN1754037A (en
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二村和正
白井诚
藤川透
池川敦俊
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Aisin Corp
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Aisin Seiki Co Ltd
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Abstract

A kind of oil-feeding device for engine with the 2nd oil pump (12) that need not to maximize no matter the 1st oil pump (11) has or not driving can both promptly suck ejection oil, it possesses the 1st oil pump (11) that sucks oil via the 1st oil circuit (21) from the oily holding part (13) that keeps oil, via connect that oil circuit (26) is connected with the 1st oil pump (11) and with the 2nd oil pump (12) of the 1st oil pump (11) drive, supplying with the 1st of oil from the 1st oil pump (11) to the 1st circulation portions (41) supplies with oil circuit (23) and supplies with oil circuit (24) from the 2nd oil pump (12) to the 2nd of the 2nd circulation portions (42) supply oil; In this oil-feeding device for engine (Y), also possess oil that maintenance supplies with to the 2nd oil pump (12), cut off from the outside with oily holding part (13) independently the 1st oily storage part (15) and bypass the 2nd oil pump (12) and supply with oil circuit (24) to the 2nd and supply with oily the 3rd oil circuit (25).

Description

Oil-feeding device for engine
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of oil-feeding device for engine, possess with the bent axle synchronous drive, via the 1st oil circuit from the oily holding part that keeps oil suck the 1st oil pump of oil, be connected in series with above-mentioned the 1st oil pump via being connected oil circuit and with the 2nd oil pump of above-mentioned the 1st oil pump drive, possess simultaneously from above-mentioned the 1st oil pump and supply with the 2nd supply oil circuit that the 1st of oil is supplied with oil circuit and supplied with oil from above-mentioned the 2nd oil pump to the 2nd circulation portions to the 1st circulation portions.
Background technique
Existing as this oil-feeding device for engine, known a kind of formation is to possess from food tray to smoke the 1st oil pump of working oil and smoke the 2nd oil pump of working oil from oil sump, be connected with the fuel feeding road of leading to working oil consumption portion from above-mentioned the 1st oil pump, the valve system lubricant oil that leads to each lubricated portion of valve system is gone out with branch's oil circuit branch from above-mentioned fuel feeding road, also have, above-mentioned oil sump can be accommodated each lubricated portion oil spill, make residual oil can be arranged on to overflow (for example, with reference to patent documentation 1: specially permit (paragraph 0033) No. 3023803) on the above-mentioned food tray simultaneously.
And, smoke the 2nd oil pump of working oil from this oil sump, be connected with the hydraulic chamber of valve performance characteristic change device.
Thereby, set the capacity of the 2nd oil pump with other necessary oil masses of lubricated portion irrelevantly, the increase of frictional loss in the time of can the suppression equipment high speed rotating, and, by being communicated with oil sump and food tray, thereby, maintenance operation can be simplified.
In addition, the 1st main oil pump is set in the control oil hydraulic circuit of engine-driving mechanism, simultaneously, with above-mentioned the 1st oil pump and establish other the 2nd auxiliary oil pump, operating condition according to motor, the switching mechanism that the oil circuit of above-mentioned two oil pumps of conversion is set is (for example, with reference to patent documentation 2: the real flat 4-132414 communique (paragraph 0006~0009) of opening).
Thereby, for example, during the low commentaries on classics of equipment high capacity, can utilize above-mentioned switching mechanism to be communicated with the 2nd oil pump and control oil hydraulic circuit, and cut off the connection of the 1st oil pump and control oil hydraulic circuit.For this reason, can be to the phase transformation mechanism that relatively rotates phase transformation that carries out camshaft and sprocket wheel, never supply with and the operating oil pressure of the corresponding abundance of required amount apace, thereby make the movement speed of above-mentioned phase place mechanism rapid to the 2nd oil pump of fuel feeding such as lubricated usefulness.
Also have, patent documentation 2 is the 2nd oil pumps that series connection is provided with auxiliary the 1st oil pump ejection power on the control oil channel loop of above-mentioned driving mechanism.Thereby for example, when the low commentaries on classics of equipment high capacity etc., the part that sprays from the 1st oil pump is pressed to the operating oil pressure of controlling oil hydraulic circuit, via auxiliary again its ejection pressure of the 2nd oil pump.For this reason, can be to above-mentioned phase converter structure, supply with the oil pressure with the corresponding abundance of required amount apace, thereby make the movement speed of above-mentioned phase place mechanism rapid.
Usually, before engine start, the oil of the lubricated portion of the needs of motor turns back to the oily holding parts such as food tray that keep oil by the gap between engine component.For this reason, before engine start, can not be full of oil in the oil pump and in the oily stream, and have air to a certain degree.Thereby, after the engine start, must be as far as possible promptly oily to supplying with in above-mentioned oil pump and the above-mentioned oily stream, and to the lubricated portion of the needs of motor supply oil, the friction that alleviates slide part is guaranteed to move smoothly.
For this reason, above-mentioned the 1st oil pump and above-mentioned each oil pump of the 2nd oil pump, must emptying in the oil stream air and in short time the lubricated portion of needs is supplied with oil, thereby preferably oil pump is a strong (high-power).Particularly above-mentioned the 2nd oil pump when the crank-driven of carrying out along with engine start etc., sucks oil via the fine clearance of above-mentioned the 1st oil pump from above-mentioned oily holding part by force.For this reason, this is the reason that causes above-mentioned the 2nd oil pump to maximize.Usually, above-mentioned the 2nd oil pump is arranged in the control oil hydraulic circuit of driving arrangement of motor, therefore maximizes as preferred.
Have, patent documentation 2 adopts series connection that the formation of the 2nd oil pump of the 1st oil pump and increase (assisting) the 1st oil pump ejection pressure is set again, and above-mentioned the 2nd oil pump sucks the oil that above-mentioned the 1st oil pump sucks ejection.Thereby, suck oil via above-mentioned the 2nd oil pump, need suck ejection oil via the driving of above-mentioned the 1st oil pump., exist if above-mentioned the 1st oil pump drives and do not spray oil, then the 2nd oil pump can not suck the problem points of oil for this reason.For this reason, worry is supplied with the slide part of oily motor etc. by above-mentioned the 2nd oil pump, have to guarantee smooth and easy action blink after above-mentioned the 1st oil pump drives.
Summary of the invention
For this reason, the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of oil-feeding device for engine, have no matter the 1st oil pump has or not driving can both promptly carry out oily the 2nd oil pump that sucks ejection, can not maximize and can increase the 1st oil pump ejection pressure.
(the 1st feature formation)
The 1st feature of the present invention constitutes and is: possess with the bent axle synchronous drive, via the 1st oil circuit from the oily holding part that keeps oil suck oil the 1st oil pump, via is connected that oil circuit and described the 1st oil pump are connected in series and with the 2nd oil pump of described the 1st oil pump drive, possess simultaneously and supply with the 1st of oil from described the 1st oil pump to the 1st circulation portions and supply with oil circuit and supply with the 2nd oily supply oil circuit to the 2nd circulation portions from described the 2nd oil pump; In this oil-feeding device for engine, possess the oil that maintenance supplies with to described the 2nd oil pump and cut off from the outside with described oily holding part independently the 1st oily storage part and described the 2nd oil pump of bypass and supply with the 3rd oil circuit that oil circuit is supplied with oil to the described the 2nd, described the 3rd oil circuit possesses control oil to the described the 2nd the 2nd valve of supplying with the oil circuit circulation.
(action effect)
As this formation, independently possess the 1st oily storage part of maintenance with described oily holding part to the oil of described the 2nd oil pump supply, thereby, when for example piloting engine, suck oil at described the 1st oil pump from described oily holding part independently of one another, suck oil from the described the 1st oily storage part at described the 2nd oil pump.Like this, no matter described the 1st oil pump has or not driving, described the 2nd oil pump can both suck oil.
Thereby, even before engine start, motor just started back or described the 1st oil pump ejection pressure when low etc., also can utilize described the 2nd oil pump directly to supply with oil to the 2nd circulation portions.That is to say that according to this formation, be implemented in before and after the engine start, lubricated portion promptly supplies with oil to the needs of motor.
To described the 2nd circulation portions supply with oil rapidly, for example when VVT (valve opening/closing timing control device) and chain stretching device etc. are rapidly supplied with oil, (the NV: vibration noise) of rocking in the time of can suppressing to start.Have again, improve the control responsiveness when, then travelling (province of shutting engine down etc. can turn round during waiting signal etc.) starting if promptly supply with oil etc. in fuel-economizing to described VVT.
In addition, if the 2nd circulation portions is HLA (a valve clearance hydraulic adjustment device), then can adjust the gap of the cam and the valve of motor automatically, therefore, the action of valve is just stable during from engine start.Also have, so-called HLA is the oil sector in the gap between the valve shaft of elimination suction valve and the cam that promotes the suction valve.
In addition, can utilize described the 2nd oil pump to suck oil from described oily holding part, thus before engine start, motor just started back or described the 1st oil pump ejection pressure when low etc., described the 2nd oil pump can not suck oil via described the 1st oil pump.Thereby, can not suck oil via the fine clearance of described the 1st oil pump by force from oily holding part as existing described the 2nd oil pump, thereby, there is no need to make the maximization of the 2nd oil pump.
Have, in this formation, the 1st oily storage part cuts off with outside again.For this reason, the 2nd oil pump sucks the oil that ejection the 1st oil pump sucks ejection, can be increased the ejection pressure of (assisting) the 1st oil pump by the 2nd oil pump.
In addition, with the described the 1st oily storage part as oily storage part from the special use of oil to described the 2nd oil pump that supply with, thereby, can make corresponding the reducing of volume of described oily holding part.Thereby, increase the degrees of freedom of engine design, thereby the motor of easy design can be provided.
In addition, possess described the 2nd oil pump of bypass and supply with the 3rd oil circuit that oil circuit is supplied with oil to the described the 2nd, thereby, stopped described the 2nd oil pump after, also can supply with oil to described the 2nd circulation portions in described the 2nd oil pump downstream via described the 3rd oil circuit.Thereby, after engine start etc., the running of described the 2nd oil pump can be stopped, thereby the employed energy of power of described the 2nd oil pump can be saved, can reduce the driving force of motor.
Have again, possess the 2nd valve on described the 3rd oil circuit, thereby can prevent the adverse current of oil, can carry out simultaneously circulation control with the corresponding oil of ejection pressure of the oil of described the 1st oil pump.For example, enough high and need not use described the 2nd oil pump the time etc. at the pressure of described the 1st oil pump, described the 2nd valve of closing operation, thereby, can bypass cross described the 2nd oil pump and oil is supplied with the 2nd circulation portions.
(the 2nd feature formation)
In the device of the present invention, its formation is to supply with oil to the 2nd oil pump via constituting the 2nd oil circuit that connects oil circuit from oily holding part or the 2nd oily storage part, possesses 1st valve of control oil to the circulation of described the 2nd oil pump on the 2nd oil circuit.
(action effect)
Like this, supply with oil to the 2nd oil pump via the 2nd oil circuit from oily holding part or the 2nd oily storage part, thereby, when described the 2nd oil pump drives, the oil that described the 2nd oil pump can positively attract the described the 2nd oily storage part to store.
And, possess the 1st valve on the 2nd oil circuit, carry out oil from the 2nd oil circuit to the circulation of the 2nd oil pump control, thereby if opening operation the 1st valve when only driving described the 2nd oil pump, then described the 2nd oil pump can only suck oil from the described the 2nd oily storage part.
(the 3rd feature formation)
In the device of the present invention, can constitute described the 1st valve by one-way valve or control valve.
(action effect)
For example, if described the 1st valve is one-way valve, then uses the valve of simple structure such as spring structure, thereby can reduce cost.Have again, particularly do not need control gear etc. to control, thereby do not need and being connected of this control gear, can simplify the formation of oil supplying device.
On the other hand,, open and close freely with any pressure, can regulate flow if described the 1st valve control valve then utilizes the control of control gear etc.Thereby, can set and the corresponding optimal oily flow of engine operation condition.Have again, owing to do not adopt spring structure, thereby also do not have the pressure loss of the flow that causes owing to spring pressure.
(the 4th feature formation)
In the device of the present invention, can adopt one-way valve or control valve as described the 2nd valve.
(action effect)
For example, if described the 2nd valve is one-way valve, then uses the valve of simple structure such as spring structure, thereby can reduce cost.Have again, do not need the control of electronics CCU etc., thereby do not need and being connected of described electronics CCU, can simplify the formation of oil supplying device.
On the other hand,, open and close freely with any pressure, can regulate flow if described the 2nd valve control valve then utilizes the control of control gear etc.Thereby, can set and the corresponding optimal oily flow of engine operation condition.Have again, owing to do not adopt spring structure, thereby also do not have the pressure loss of the flow that causes owing to spring pressure.
In addition, consider that the pressure along with different described the 1st oil pumps of the operational situation of motor has various variations, and this moment, the spray volume of the oil of described the 1st oil pump also has various variations.In this case, regulate degree of opening as the 2nd valve of control valve according to situation, then can carry out the control of the discharge value of oil corresponding to the ejection pressure (spray volume) of the oil of described the 1st oil pump if utilize.
(the 5th feature formation)
In the device of the present invention, its setting is to be connected with the backflow oil circuit that the oil from described the 1st circulation portions or described the 2nd circulation portions is refluxed on the described the 2nd oily storage part.
(operation effectiveness)
That is to say,, then can efficiently the oil of supplying with to each one temporarily be stored again if on the described the 2nd oily storage part, be connected with the backflow oil circuit that the oil from described the 1st circulation portions or described the 2nd circulation portions is refluxed.
Have again, will store at the described the 2nd oily storage part, thereby can become in the engine-driving to reflux all the time and have oil, the described the 2nd oily storage part to be filled with the state of oil all the time from the oil that described circulation portions refluxes.Therefore, described the 2nd oil pump can positively suck oil from the described the 2nd oily storage part.
(the 6th feature formation)
In the formation of the present invention, its setting is the 3rd supply oil circuit that can connect the oil of supplying with described the 1st oil pump ejection at the described the 1st oily storage part.
(action effect)
That is to say, connect the 3rd supply oil circuit of the oil of supplying with described the 1st oil pump ejection at the described the 1st oily storage part, then can supply with oil circuit and store oil at the described the 1st oily storage part via the described the 3rd.Like this, except that described connection oil circuit, the 3rd other supply oil circuit is set also, thereby, can more effectively store oil at the described the 1st oily storage part.
(the 7th feature formation)
In the device of the present invention, at described connection oil circuit oil purifier is set, this oil purifier constitutes the described the 1st oily storage part.
(action effect)
That is to say, on the described connection oil circuit oil purifier is set, the 1st oily storage part is stated in described oil purifier conduct, thereby, usually, can effectively utilize the oil purifier that stores a stand oil.Thereby, can not change the formation of motor significantly, can improve supply capacity to described the 2nd oil pump feed.Have, described oil purifier constitutes the described the 1st oily storage part again, therefore, can dwindle the space that described the 1st oily storage part is set, and can also obtain small-sized motor.
(the 8th feature formation)
In the device of the present invention, can be on the member of described motor integrally formed described connection oil circuit and the described the 1st oily storage part.
(action effect)
That is to say, if integrally formed described connection oil circuit and the described the 1st oily storage part on the member of described motor then can shorten the length of described the 2nd oil circuit that connect described the 1st oil pump and described the 2nd oil pump described is connected length, connection the described the 1st oily storage part and described the 2nd oil pump of oil circuit.
Thereby, can shorten the length of the oil circuit that connects these formations, promptly make the oil circulation.In addition, because the lubricated path of oil is short, thereby, the oil pressure loss in the time of can reducing engine start etc.
In addition, when engine interior is installed described connection oil circuit and described the 1st oily storage part,, thereby can save labour and the time that these each members are installed, seek the efficient activity of motor assembling as long as the engine component of integrally formed these formations is installed.
(the 9th feature formation)
In the device of the present invention, can possess control on described connection oil circuit can only be to 3rd valve of described the 2nd oil pump supply from the oil of described the 2nd oil circuit.
(action effect)
Usually, after motor stopped, circuit oil was back to described oily holding part by the gap between engine component in oil supplying device.Thereby, after the motor starting just, can not be full of oil in described the 1st oil pump and in the described connection oil circuit in described the 1st oil pump downstream, and have air to a certain degree.If at this state, pilot engine, drive described the 2nd oil pump, worry that then described the 2nd oil pump sucks this air.For fear of this, can only be and control is set to the 3rd valve of described the 2nd oil pump supply from the oil of described the 2nd oil circuit.
Owing to form such formation, thereby the air that the upstream path that sucks described the 2nd oil pump can be existed is prevented trouble before it happens.Thereby, can prevent effectively at un-reasonable phenomenons such as generation lubricant oil deficiency such as described the 2nd circulation portions.Have again, can prevent the upstream path adverse current of oil, thereby can carry out the circulation of the oil in the described oil supplying device swimmingly to described the 2nd oil pump.
(the 10th feature formation)
Oil supplying device of the present invention is: possess with the bent axle synchronous drive, via the 1st oil circuit from the oily holding part that keeps oil suck the 1st oil pump of oil, be arranged in parallel with described the 1st oil pump and with the 2nd oil pump of described the 1st oil pump drive, possess simultaneously and supply with the 1st of oil from described the 1st oil pump to the 1st circulation portions and supply with oil circuit and supply with the 2nd of oil from described the 2nd oil pump to the 2nd circulation portions and supply with oil circuit; In this oil supplying device, supply with oil via the 2nd oil circuit to described the 2nd oil pump, described the 2nd oil circuit and the 1st oil circuit separate configurations from oil to the 1st oil pump that supply with are connecting described the 1st oil pump and being connected of described the 2nd oil pump are being provided with the 5th valve on the oil circuit simultaneously.
(action effect)
As this formation, supply with oil via the 2nd oil circuit to described the 2nd oil pump, independently possess the 1st oily storage part of maintenance with described oily holding part simultaneously to the oil of described the 2nd oil pump supply, then can oil positively be sucked described the 2nd oil pump via described the 2nd oil circuit.Like this, if having the 1st oily storage part of described the 2nd oil pump special use, then one drive described the 2nd oil pump, utilize described the 2nd oil pump can suck oil from described the 1st oily storage part, no matter described the 1st oil pump has or not driving, described the 2nd oil pump can both suck oil.
Thereby, even before engine start, motor just started back or described the 1st oil pump ejection pressure when low etc., also can utilize described the 2nd oil pump directly to supply with oil to the 2nd circulation portions of supplying with oil from described the 2nd oil pump.That is to say that according to this formation, be implemented in before and after the engine start, lubricated portion promptly supplies with oil to the needs of motor.
On the other hand, in this formation, be connected in parallel described the 1st oil pump and described the 2nd oil pump, thereby described the 2nd oil pump can not suck oil via described the 1st oil pump.Thereby, can not suck oil via the fine clearance of described the 1st oil pump by force from oily holding part as existing described the 2nd oil pump, thereby, need not the maximization of the 2nd oil pump.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the side view of the oil supplying device of expression the 1st mode of execution.
Fig. 2 is the side view of the oil supplying device of expression the 2nd mode of execution.
Fig. 3 is the side view of the oil supplying device of expression the 3rd mode of execution.
Fig. 4 is the side view of the oil supplying device of expression the 4th mode of execution.
Fig. 5 is the schematic representation of the oil supplying device of expression the 1st mode of execution.
Fig. 6 is the schematic representation of the oil supplying device of expression the 2nd mode of execution.
Fig. 7 is the schematic representation of the oil supplying device of expression the 3rd mode of execution.
Fig. 8 is the schematic representation of the oil supplying device of expression the 4th mode of execution.
Fig. 9 is the schematic representation of the oil supplying device of expression the 5th mode of execution.
Figure 10 is the schematic representation of the oil supplying device of expression the 6th mode of execution.
Figure 11 is the schematic representation of the oil supplying device of expression the 7th mode of execution.
Figure 12 is the schematic representation of the oil supplying device of expression the 8th mode of execution.
Embodiment
Below, with reference to the accompanying drawings embodiments of the present invention are described.
(the 1st mode of execution)
Fig. 1 represents the skeleton diagram of the oil supplying device Y of the present invention that sees from motor X side.Fig. 5 schematically shows the control oil hydraulic circuit 10 of the oily feed path of expression among the above-mentioned oil supplying device Y.
Be provided with in the control oil hydraulic circuit 10 in order to oil pump from oil to the lubricated portion of in-engine needs that supply with, the oil circuit of circulation oil and the valve of control oil circulation etc.Oil is kept by oily holding part 13.
Among the present invention, as above-mentioned oil pump, possess be connected in series with synchronously driven the 1st oil pump 11 of bent axle, with above-mentioned the 1st oil pump 11 and with the 2nd oil pump 12 of above-mentioned the 1st oil pump 11 drive.As these oil pumps, for example can adopt mechanical oil pump, electric oil pump etc.
Below, illustrate adopt mechanical oil pump (OP) as the example of above-mentioned the 1st oil pump, adopt the example of electric oil pump (EOP) as above-mentioned the 2nd oil pump 12.
Above-mentioned the 1st oil pump 11 and is connected in order to the 1st oil circuit 21 that sucks oil from above-mentioned oily holding part 13.The oil that is inhaled into is from 11 ejections of above-mentioned the 1st oil pump, by oil purifier 14.Thereafter, part oil flows into main oil gallery 412, and a part of in addition oil is supplied with oil circuit 23 via the 1st and supplied with to lubrication systems (the 1st circulation portions 41) such as cylinder heads 411.
Have, the part oil that sprays from above-mentioned the 1st oil pump 11 flows into above-mentioned the 2nd oil pump 12 via connecting oil circuit 27 again.Thereby, spray and flow into the oil of above-mentioned the 2nd oil pump 12 from above-mentioned the 1st oil pump 11, via above-mentioned the 2nd oil pump 12 ejection pressure that raises again, via the 2nd supply with oil circuit 24, chain stretching device 423 is supplied with to valve opening/closing timing control device (VVT) 421 grade in an imperial examinations 2 circulation portions 42.
Control oil hydraulic circuit 10 is connected with the detection of carrying out engine revolution, motor additional signal and engine oil gentleness water temperature etc. and the electronics CCU (ECU) 5 of control signal output, pass to motor via driver 4, above-mentioned the 2nd oil pump 12 of this motor driven from the control signal of this ECU5 output.
As shown in Figure 1, in the present embodiment, spray, led the 1st oily storage part 15 by the oil of oil purifier 14 from the 1st oil pump 11.During engine rotation, the 1st oily storage part 15 is full of oil, and the oil that is sucked ejection by the 1st oil pump 11 is supplied with to the 1st circulation portions 41.In addition, suck the oil of ejection to 42 supplies of the 2nd circulation portions by the 2nd oil pump 12.But, for example the state that suspends at motor as shown in Figure 1, keeps certain a certain amount of oil.
The 1st oily storage part 15 reaches the downstream at its upstream and is provided with the 1st oil pump 11 and main oil gallery the 412, the 2nd oil pump 12, becomes and the outside state that cuts off.Particularly form and independently constitute with above-mentioned oily holding part 13.Thereby, be full of the 1st oily storage part 15 from the oil of the 1st oil pump 11 ejections, keep the ejection of the 1st oil pump 11 to press.In addition, the ejection that can increase by the 1st oil pump 11 of the 2nd oil pump 12 is pressed, oil is supplied with to the 2nd circulation portions 42.
Like this, with above-mentioned oily holding part 13 the 1st oily storage part 15 from the special use of oil to above-mentioned the 2nd oil pump 12 that supply with is set separately, thereby, can when above-mentioned the 1st oil pump 11 drives beginning, suck oil, can when above-mentioned the 2nd oil pump 12 drives beginning, suck oil from the above-mentioned the 1st oily storage part 15 from above-mentioned oily holding part 13.Like this, if adopt this formation, then no matter above-mentioned the 1st oil pump 11 has or not driving, above-mentioned the 2nd oil pump 12 can both suck oil independently with the 1st oil pump 11.
Certainly, in common engine start, above-mentioned the 1st oil pump 11 drives simultaneously with above-mentioned the 2nd oil pump 12, but, in this case, be respectively that above-mentioned the 1st oil pump 11 can suck oil from above-mentioned oily holding part 13, above-mentioned the 2nd oil pump 12 can suck oil from the above-mentioned the 1st oily storage part 15, thereby, can almost promptly supply with oil to the 1st circulation portions 41 and the 2nd circulation portions 42 simultaneously.
Have again, before the driving of above-mentioned the 1st oil pump 11, before the engine start just, also can carry out the driving of above-mentioned the 2nd oil pump 12.Thereby,, in this mode of execution, can make by above-mentioned the 2nd oil pump 12 and supply with oil in advance with respect to supply with for the oil by above-mentioned the 1st oil pump 11 in existing the driving in advance.
Thereby, even before engine start, motor just started back or above-mentioned the 1st oil pump 11 ejection pressure when low etc., also can directly utilize above-mentioned the 2nd oil pump 12 to supply with oil to VVT421 and pressurized oil system grade in an imperial examination 2 circulation portions 42 of being supplied with oil by above-mentioned the 2nd oil pump 12.That is to say that according to this formation, before and after engine start, lubricated portion promptly supplies with oil to the needs of motor.
If supply with oil rapidly with respect to above-mentioned the 2nd circulation portions 42, then can begin to drive mechanisms such as VVT421 and chain stretching device 423, rocking in the time of to suppress engine start (NV) in advance.Have again, if promptly supply with oil to above-mentioned VVT421, when then for example when vehicle stops, carrying out the energy-saving operation of engine-driving control in order to suspend motor, the control responsiveness in the time of can expecting to improve engine start etc.Thereby the action of VVT421 is positively carried out.In addition, if the 2nd circulation portions 42 is the HLA (valve clearance hydraulic adjustment device) in the gap of the cam that can adjust motor automatically and valve, the action that then can make valve is just stable during from engine start.
In addition, because with the above-mentioned the 1st oily storage part 15, as oily storage part from oily special use to above-mentioned the 2nd oil pump 12 that supply with, thereby, can make corresponding the reducing of volume of above-mentioned oily holding part 13.
The volume of above-mentioned the 1st oily storage part, when preferably its size can store engine start etc. at the minimum oil of limiting the quantity of of the lubricated portion of the needs recycle oil of motor.Specifically, can be for about 5~20mL, but, in addition, also can meet the size etc. of motor and be suitable for various capacity.
The concrete shape of the above-mentioned the 1st oily storage part 15, for example shown in Figure 1, can be the mode that at above-mentioned connection oil circuit 26 position bigger than the oil circuit footpath is set, stores oil at this position.At this moment, the height of the above-mentioned the 1st oily storage part 15 and above-mentioned the 1st oil pump 11 are same degree.Because this formation, thereby can after stopping, above-mentioned the 1st oil pump 11 make oil be difficult to be back to above-mentioned oily holding part 13.
(the 2nd mode of execution)
The present invention as Fig. 2 and shown in Figure 6, can be provided with the 2nd oily storage part 16 separately with the above-mentioned the 1st oily storage part 15.
Under the sort of situation, the above-mentioned the 2nd oily storage part 16 can be arranged on the position higher than above-mentioned oily holding part 13.To above-mentioned the 2nd oil pump 12 fuel feeding, the connection oil circuit 26 that is connected to the 2nd oil pump via the 2nd oil circuit that for example is connected to main oil gallery 412 from the 2nd oil pump 16 in addition carries out from the above-mentioned the 2nd oily storage part 16.
The position that the above-mentioned the 2nd oily storage part 16 is set is not particularly limited, and it is arbitrarily that the position is set.Thereby, when engine design, also can guarantee sufficient degrees of freedom.In the present embodiment, as mentioned above, the 2nd oily storage part 16 is arranged on the high position.Store oil, have potential energy with respect to the 2nd oil pump 12 at the 2nd oily storage part 16.Therefore, for example piloting engine, when above-mentioned the 2nd oil pump 12 begins to drive, can promptly supply with oil for the 2nd oil pump 12.
Wherein, possess 1st valve 31 of control oil on the 2nd oil circuit 22 to 12 circulations of above-mentioned the 2nd oil pump.For example, when engine start etc., only drive under the situation of above-mentioned the 2nd oil pump 12 above-mentioned the 1st valve 31 of opening operation.Thereby even when not driving above-mentioned the 1st oil pump 11, above-mentioned the 2nd oil pump 12 also can suck oil from the above-mentioned the 2nd oily storage part 16.Want rapidly when the 2nd oil pump 12 is supplied with volumes oily, the aperture that strengthens the 1st valve 31 gets final product.
Also have, the 1st valve 31 also have the oil of prevention from the 2nd oil pump 12 side direction the 2nd oily storage part 16 side adverse currents, prevent to reduce function to the delivery volume of the 2nd oil pump 12 oil.
After the motor starting just, be not full of oil in above-mentioned the 1st oil pump 11.Thereby, have the air of a certain degree in the 1st oil pump 11 inside.If just started above-mentioned the 2nd oil pump 12 of rear driving, worry that then this air is inhaled into above-mentioned the 2nd oil pump 12 at motor.For example, if send air, worry that then infringement lubrication, engine revolution are irregular etc. to downstream circulation portions such as above-mentioned the 2nd circulation portions 42.
But,, can supply with the formation of oil to the 2nd oil pump 12 via above-mentioned the 2nd oil circuit 22 if having as this formation, opening operation the 1st valve 31 when the 2nd oil pump 12 will suck air from the 1st oil pump 11 sides then, thereby oil only can be supplied with to the 2nd oil pump 12.
Above-mentioned the 1st valve 31 can adopt one-way valve or control valve.
Wherein, one-way valve is the valve that can prevent adverse current that adopts simple structure such as spring structure, when adopting this one-way valve, utilizes the switching of the pressure control valve on the one-way valve, thereby, can control the circulation of oil to above-mentioned the 2nd oil pump 12.
In addition, one-way valve is a valve simple in structure, thereby can realize the cost degradation of oil supplying device.Have again, do not need with being connected of above-mentioned ECU etc., can also simplify the formation of control oil hydraulic circuit 10.
On the other hand, when adopting control valve, utilize the control of above-mentioned ECU, open and close freedom, can regulate the circulation of oil to above-mentioned the 2nd oil pump 12 with any pressure.That is to say, not only can carry out the switching of valve, and the degree of opening of valve also can regulate, thereby, can carry out the Flow-rate adjustment of oil.In addition, owing to do not adopt spring structure, thereby there is not the pressure loss of the flow that causes owing to spring pressure yet.
In addition, as above-mentioned the 1st valve 31, can adopt other well-known valves.
Above-mentioned the 1st valve 31, the oil that not only can be arranged on the above-mentioned the 1st oily storage part 15 stores the top of face, and can be arranged on oil and store below the face.At this moment, above-mentioned the 1st valve 31 since be immersed in the oil thus sealing good, can prevent invading air in above-mentioned the 1st valve 31.
As Fig. 2 and shown in Figure 6, in this mode of execution, also can possess bypass the 2nd oil pump 12 and supply with the 3rd oil circuit 25 that oil circuit 24 is supplied with oil to the 2nd from above-mentioned the 2nd oil circuit 22.On the 3rd oil circuit 25, possess 2nd valve 32 of control oil to 24 circulations of the 2nd oil circuit.
Owing to possess this 3rd oil circuit 25, thereby after having stopped above-mentioned the 2nd oil pump 12, also can supply with oil via the 2nd circulation portions 42 in 24 pairs the 2nd oil pump 12 downstreams of above-mentioned the 2nd oil circuit.If according to this formation, then after engine start etc., can only stop above-mentioned the 2nd oil pump 12.Thereby, can save the employed energy of power of above-mentioned the 2nd oil pump 12, can improve the running efficiency of motor.
Be arranged on the 2nd valve 32 of above-mentioned the 3rd oil circuit 25, prevent that oil is to above-mentioned the 2nd oil circuit 22 side adverse currents.
In addition, can carry out circulation control with the corresponding oil of ejection pressure of the oil of above-mentioned the 1st oil pump 11.For example, enough high at the pressure of above-mentioned the 1st oil pump 11, when not needed from above-mentioned the 2nd oil pump 12 ejection oil, above-mentioned the 2nd valve 32 is opened, thereby via above-mentioned the 3rd oil circuit 25, the oil bypass of q.s is crossed above-mentioned the 2nd oil pump 12 and supplied with to above-mentioned the 2nd circulation portions.
Can be same as above-mentioned the 2nd valve 32 with above-mentioned mode of execution, adopt one-way valve or control valve etc.
When above-mentioned the 2nd valve 32 is control valve, carry out the control of oily discharge value along with the operational situation difference of motor.That is to say that along with the operational situation difference of motor, when the pressure of above-mentioned the 1st oil pump 11 had various variation, the spray volume of the oil of above-mentioned the 1st oil pump 11 that accompanies therewith also changed.In this case, if utilize the degree of opening of suitable adjusting such as ECU5 as the 2nd valve 32 of control valve, then can be corresponding to the discharge value of ejection pressure (spray volume) the control oil of the oil of above-mentioned the 1st oil pump 11.
(the 3rd mode of execution)
Fig. 3 and Fig. 7 represent the Change Example of the 1st mode of execution.
At this, the 2nd oily storage part 16 of the 2nd oil pump 12 special uses is arranged on the below with respect to above-mentioned the 2nd oil pump 12.The 2nd oily storage part 16 constitutes separately with above-mentioned oily holding part 13.Thereby, can positively supply with oil to the 2nd oil pump 12.The 2nd oil stores the oil of joint 16 via supplying with above-mentioned above-mentioned the 2nd oil circuit 22 that is connected oil circuit 26.Above-mentioned the 1st valve 31 is set on the 2nd oil circuit 22.
Above-mentioned the 1st valve 31 is also same with above-mentioned mode of execution, for example is made of one-way valve.During engine start etc., during before the 1st oil pump 11 supply oil, supply with oil to the 2nd oil pump 12 via above-mentioned the 2nd oil circuit 22.And,, then replace from above-mentioned the 2nd oil circuit 22 and supply with oil, and supply with oil to the 2nd oil pump 12 if the pressure of the 1st oil pump 11 raises.At this moment, above-mentioned the 1st valve 31, performance prevents from the oil of the 1st oil pump 11 function to the 2nd oily storage part 16 adverse currents.
(the 4th mode of execution)
Fig. 4 and Fig. 8 represent the Change Example of the 2nd mode of execution.
At this, the 2nd oily storage part 16 is arranged on the below with respect to above-mentioned the 2nd oil pump 12.And the 2nd oily storage part 16 constitutes separately with above-mentioned oily holding part 13.Thereby, can positively supply with oil to the 2nd oil pump 12.Same with the 3rd mode of execution, the oil of the 2nd oily storage part 16 is via supplying with above-mentioned above-mentioned the 2nd oil circuit 22 that is connected oil circuit 26 connections.Above-mentioned the 1st valve 31 is set on the 2nd oil circuit 22.
The 1st valve 31 is also same with above-mentioned the 3rd mode of execution, for example is made of one-way valve.And the 1st valve 31 also has with above-mentioned same control function and prevents the adverse current function.
Also have, in this mode of execution, as shown in Figure 8, on above-mentioned connection oil circuit 26 oil purifier 14 is set, above-mentioned oil purifier 14 constitutes the 1st oily storage part 15.Usually, in the oil purifier 14,, all store a certain amount of oil no matter motor is in running or halted state.Thereby, utilize this oil, even the change of little amplitude ground guarantees to be provided with the formation of the motors such as space of the above-mentioned the 1st oily storage part 15 in motor, also can constitute the 1st oily storage part 15 from oil to the 2nd oil pump 12 that supply with.
(the 5th mode of execution)
As shown in Figure 9, can adopt, connect the backflow oil circuit 27 that oil is refluxed from above-mentioned the 1st circulation portions 41 or the 2nd circulation portions 42 at the above-mentioned the 1st oily storage part 15.More particularly, make, be back to the 2nd oily storage part 16 via the backflow oil circuit 27 that the 3rd valve 33 is set from the oil of above-mentioned the 1st circulation portions 41 or 42 backflows of above-mentioned the 2nd circulation portions.Again from making oil turn back to the 1st oily storage part 15 via the 1st valve 31 and the 2nd oil circuit 22 here.
Constitute if so, then can make temporary transient oil, store again in the 1st oily storage part 15 via above-mentioned backflow oil circuit 27 to above-mentioned the 1st circulation portions 41 or 42 supplies of above-mentioned the 2nd circulation portions.During this period, the ejection pressure of above-mentioned the 1st oil pump 11 and above-mentioned the 2nd oil pump 12 is fully guaranteed, supplies with the state of oil to each one of motor and can not stagnate.
As above-mentioned the 3rd valve 33, can adopt one-way valve or control valve.Wherein, when adopting one-way valve, can simplify oil supplying device.On the other hand, when adopting control valve, can control the discharge value of oil as mentioned above according to the rotation situation of motor preferablyly.
(the 6th mode of execution)
In the oil supplying device of present embodiment, also as shown in figure 10, the oil of above-mentioned the 1st oil pump 11 ejections is supplied with to the 1st oily storage part 15.And, in the device of present embodiment,, the 3rd supply oil circuit 28 that is communicated with the 2nd oily storage part 16 is set from connecting oil circuit 26 midway.Thereby, the part oil of supplying with to the above-mentioned the 1st oily storage part 15 can be supplied with oil circuit 28 via the above-mentioned the 3rd and store the 2nd oily storage part 16.Consequently, formation can be all the time supplied with the state of oil from the 2nd oily storage part 16 with respect to the 1st oily storage part 15, even thereby when only driving the 2nd oil pump 12, also can fully guarantee oil supply amount with respect to the 2nd oil pump 12.
The above-mentioned the 3rd supplies with oil circuit 28 is provided with 4th valve 34 of control oil to the above-mentioned the 2nd oily storage part 16 circulations.The 4th valve 34 can adopt one-way valve or control valve.When particularly adopting control valve, as shown in figure 10, be used to control from motor control unit (ECU) 5, can open and close controlling the 4th valve 34 so that for example remain certain gauging at the 2nd oily storage part 16.
(other mode of executions 7)
Figure 11 is illustrated in to connect and possesses control being connected of the 1st oil pump 11 and the 2nd oil pump 12 on the oil circuit 26 and can only supply with example from the 3rd valve 35 of the oil of above-mentioned the 2nd oil circuit 22 to above-mentioned the 2nd oil pump 12.
In the present embodiment, on the above-mentioned connection oil circuit 26, possesses the 3rd valve 35 at the downstream position of the 1st oily storage part 15.According to this formation, when engine start etc., when driving above-mentioned the 2nd oil pump 12, closing operation the 3rd valve 35,12 in above-mentioned the 2nd oil pump suck oil from the 2nd oily storage part 16 and the 2nd oil circuit 22.
That is to say, be not full of oil in above-mentioned the 1st oil pump 11 and in the above-mentioned connection oil circuit 26 in above-mentioned the 1st oil pump 11 downstreams after motor has just started, thereby have the air of certain certain degree.Thereby,, then worry to suck this air if after the motor starting just, drive above-mentioned the 2nd oil pump 12.And, if circulation portions (for example, the 2nd circulation portions 42) downstream transmits air, then can not bring into play sufficient lubrication etc., the irregular un-reasonable phenomenon that waits of engine revolution takes place.
For this reason, as this formation, adopt above-mentioned the 2nd oil pump 12 to possess the formation that to supply with the 3rd valve 35 of oil from above-mentioned the 2nd oil circuit 22, if above-mentioned the 3rd valve 35 of closing operation, can prevent that then above-mentioned the 2nd oil pump 12 from sucking air, thereby can prevent entrained air in the 2nd circulation portions 42 in downstream.
Also have, be provided with at the 1st supply oil circuit 23 that is communicated to the 1st circulation portions 41 from the 1st oily storage part 15 and prevent 7th valve 36 of oil to the 1st oily storage part 15 adverse currents.According to this formation,, can prevent that also this air is inhaled in the 2nd oil pump 12 even the 1st when supplying with oil circuit 23 inside and having air.
Thereby, can prevent effectively that the 2nd circulation portions 42 and motor etc. from above-mentioned un-reasonable phenomenon upward taking place.
Also have, the position that is provided with of above-mentioned the 3rd valve 35 does not limit above-mentioned formation, can only supply with oily position to above-mentioned the 2nd oil pump 12 from above-mentioned the 2nd oil circuit 22 so long as can control, and any position can.
Above-mentioned the 3rd valve 35 can be suitable for control valve.
At this moment, its formation of the control valve of above-mentioned the 3rd valve 35 is to be connected with above-mentioned ECU5, utilizes above-mentioned ECU5 can control the switching of above-mentioned the 3rd valve 35.
(other mode of executions 8)
For be connected in series in the above-described embodiments above-mentioned the 1st oil pump 11 and above-mentioned the 2nd oil pump 12, in the present embodiment, as shown in figure 12, its formation is be connected in parallel above-mentioned the 1st oil pump 11 and above-mentioned the 2nd oil pump 12, oil pump that can the drive both sides.
Above-mentioned the 1st oil pump 11 is connected with the 1st oil circuit 21 that sucks oil from oily holding part 13.From the oil of above-mentioned the 1st oil pump 11 ejections, behind oil purifier 14, part oil flows into main oil gallery, supplies with oil circuit 23 via the 1st and supplies with to cylinder head grade in an imperial examination 1 circulation portions 41.
In addition, from the part oil of above-mentioned the 1st oil pump 11 ejections, supply with to VVT grade in an imperial examination 2 circulation portions 42 via connecting oil circuit 26.
In above-mentioned the 1st oil pump 11 downstreams oil purifier 14 is set.In addition, above-mentioned connection oil circuit 26 is provided with 5th valve 38 of control oil to 42 circulations of above-mentioned the 2nd circulation portions.
On the other hand, the 2nd oil pump 12 with above-mentioned the 1st oil pump 11 is arranged in parallel attracts oil from the 1st oily storage part 15 via the 2nd oil circuit 22.
From the oil of the 2nd oil pump 12 ejections, supply with oil circuit 24 via oil purifier the 17, the 2nd and supply with to above-mentioned the 2nd circulation portions 42.Be provided with 6th valve 37 of control oil to 42 circulations of above-mentioned the 2nd circulation portions in the downstream of above-mentioned the 2nd oil pump 12.
Under the situation of the oil supplying device of employing present embodiment, during engine start, drive the 2nd oil pump 12 and supply with oil to the 2nd circulation portions 42.At this moment, owing to can attract oil from the 1st oily storage part 15 of special use, thereby carry out swimmingly supplying with oil to the 2nd circulation portions 42.
If the supply oil pressure that engine revolution is stable, produced by the 1st oil pump 11 is enough high, then open above-mentioned the 5th valve 38, supply with oil circuit 24 from the oil of the 1st oil pump 11 to the 2nd and supply with.If ECU5 detects this state, then utilize driver 4 to weaken or stop the driving of the 2nd oil pump 12, carry out the effective supply of oil.
Like this, owing to the 1st oily storage part 15 from the special use of oil to above-mentioned the 2nd oil pump 12 that supply with is set separately with above-mentioned oily holding part 13, thereby utilize above-mentioned the 1st oil pump 11 suction oil and utilize the 2nd oil pump 12 suction oil not interfere, can make the 2nd oil pump 12 suck oily with the drive condition of above-mentioned the 1st oil pump 11 irrelevantly.
(other mode of executions)
Usually, motor is by coverings such as hoods, and above-mentioned oil supplying device also is arranged in the motor.On this lid member as the motor part, can integrally formed above-mentioned connection oil circuit 26 and the above-mentioned the 1st oily storage part 15.
For example, above-mentioned the 1st oil pump 11, above-mentioned the 2nd oil pump 12, above-mentioned connection oil circuit 26 and the above-mentioned the 1st oily storage part 15 etc. are integrally formed in above-mentioned lid member inboard with this lid member.
As this formation, almost same plane as if each member is configured in, then can shorten the oil circuit that connects each member.For example, can shorten the above-mentioned length of oil circuit 26 and the length of above-mentioned the 2nd oil circuit 22 that is connected the above-mentioned the 1st oily storage part 15 and above-mentioned the 2nd oil pump 12 of being connected that connects above-mentioned the 1st oil pump 11 and above-mentioned the 2nd oil pump 12.Consequently, can promptly carry out oil and supply with, the oil pressure loss in the time of can also reducing engine start etc.Have again, can not only make the motor miniaturization, and when engine interior is installed above-mentioned connection oil circuit 26 and the above-mentioned the 1st oily storage part 15, as long as the lid member of integrally formed these members is installed, thereby the assembling man-hour that can also cut down motor.
Also have, in the foregoing description, as the engine component illustration lid member, but, be not limited thereto, the mode that is integrally formed on other engine components also can be suitable for.
Also have, the present invention is not limited to above-mentioned mode of execution, as long as reach same action effect, then can suit to change each one and constitute.
Utilizability on the industry
Oil-feeding device for engine of the present invention can be widely used in general automobile engine or sends out Seat formula (fixed) engine of electricity usefulness etc. In addition, so long as in order to supply oil supply to each one of engine And except the 1st oil pump that utilizes crank-driven, also possess the engine of the 2nd oil pump that fuel feeding uses, Then no matter be which kind of engine can both be suitable for.

Claims (9)

1. oil-feeding device for engine,
Possess:
The 1st oil pump (11) is driven synchronously with bent axle, sucks oil via the 1st oil circuit (21) from the oily holding part (13) that keeps oil,
The 2nd oil pump (12), be connected in series with described the 1st oil pump (11) via connecting oil circuit (26) and with described the 1st oil pump (11) drive,
The 1st supplies with oil circuit (23), from described the 1st oil pump (11) to the 1st circulation portions (41) supply with oil and
The 2nd supplies with oil circuit (24), supplies with oil from described the 2nd oil pump (12) to the 2nd circulation portions (42); It is characterized in that:
Also possess and described oily holding part (13) independently the 1st oily storage part (15) and described the 2nd oil pump of bypass (12) and supply with the 3rd oil circuit (25) that oil circuit (24) is supplied with oil to the described the 2nd mutually,
The 1st oily storage part (15) keeps the oil to described the 2nd oil pump (12) supply, and cuts off mutually with the outside,
Described the 3rd oil circuit (25) possesses control oil and supplies with the 2nd valve (32) that oil circuit (24) circulates to the described the 2nd.
2. oil-feeding device for engine according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: supply with oil via the 2nd oil circuit (22) that constitutes described connection oil circuit (26) to described the 2nd oil pump (12) from described oily holding part (13) or the 2nd oily storage part (16), described the 2nd oil circuit (22) possesses 1st valve (31) of control oil to described the 2nd oil pump (12) circulation.
3. oil-feeding device for engine according to claim 2 is characterized in that: described the 1st valve (31) is one-way valve or control valve.
4. oil-feeding device for engine according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described the 2nd valve (32) is one-way valve or control valve.
5. oil-feeding device for engine according to claim 2 is characterized in that: be connected with the backflow oil circuit (27) that the oil from described the 1st circulation portions (41) or described the 2nd circulation portions (42) is refluxed on the described the 1st oily storage part (15).
6. oil-feeding device for engine according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the 3rd supply oil circuit (28) that is connected with the oil of supplying with described the 1st oil pump (11) ejection on the described the 2nd oily storage part (16).
7. oil-feeding device for engine according to claim 1 is characterized in that: at described connection oil circuit (26) oil purifier (14) is set, described oil purifier (14) constitutes the described the 1st oily storage part (15).
8. oil-feeding device for engine according to claim 1 is characterized in that: be formed with described connection oil circuit (26) and the described the 1st oily storage part (15) on the member of described motor.
9. oil-feeding device for engine according to claim 2 is characterized in that: possessing control on described connection oil circuit (26) can only be to 3rd valve (35) of described the 2nd oil pump (12) supply from the oil of described the 2nd oil circuit (22).
CNB2004800053427A 2003-02-28 2004-02-27 Oil-feeding device for engine Expired - Fee Related CN100562649C (en)

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US7096846B1 (en) * 2005-07-01 2006-08-29 Harley-Davidson Motor Company Group, Inc. Engine and transmission case assembly
JP2008088822A (en) * 2006-09-29 2008-04-17 Honda Motor Co Ltd Oil passage structure
JP5019135B2 (en) * 2009-03-30 2012-09-05 アイシン・エィ・ダブリュ株式会社 Vehicle drive device
CN104870819A (en) 2012-12-17 2015-08-26 株式会社Tbk Fluid supply device
KR101551102B1 (en) * 2014-07-01 2015-09-08 현대자동차주식회사 Oil pump for engine
JP6994987B2 (en) * 2018-03-08 2022-01-14 本田技研工業株式会社 Transmission oil supply structure
CN114165311B (en) * 2021-11-30 2024-04-19 重庆长安汽车股份有限公司 VVT engine cylinder head lubricating oil way
CN115405396B (en) * 2022-09-21 2023-10-13 山东源顺智能科技有限公司 Oil supply system of oil pump and control method thereof

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