CN100559187C - Utilize the method and apparatus of fluid thermal to flow measurement acceleration and/or pitch angle - Google Patents
Utilize the method and apparatus of fluid thermal to flow measurement acceleration and/or pitch angle Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN100559187C CN100559187C CNB2005800263561A CN200580026356A CN100559187C CN 100559187 C CN100559187 C CN 100559187C CN B2005800263561 A CNB2005800263561 A CN B2005800263561A CN 200580026356 A CN200580026356 A CN 200580026356A CN 100559187 C CN100559187 C CN 100559187C
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- point
- crossing
- radiator
- thermopair
- acceleration
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01P—MEASURING LINEAR OR ANGULAR SPEED, ACCELERATION, DECELERATION, OR SHOCK; INDICATING PRESENCE, ABSENCE, OR DIRECTION, OF MOVEMENT
- G01P15/00—Measuring acceleration; Measuring deceleration; Measuring shock, i.e. sudden change of acceleration
- G01P15/02—Measuring acceleration; Measuring deceleration; Measuring shock, i.e. sudden change of acceleration by making use of inertia forces using solid seismic masses
- G01P15/03—Measuring acceleration; Measuring deceleration; Measuring shock, i.e. sudden change of acceleration by making use of inertia forces using solid seismic masses by using non-electrical means
- G01P15/032—Measuring acceleration; Measuring deceleration; Measuring shock, i.e. sudden change of acceleration by making use of inertia forces using solid seismic masses by using non-electrical means by measuring the displacement of a movable inertial mass
- G01P15/034—Measuring acceleration; Measuring deceleration; Measuring shock, i.e. sudden change of acceleration by making use of inertia forces using solid seismic masses by using non-electrical means by measuring the displacement of a movable inertial mass for indicating angular accelerations
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01P—MEASURING LINEAR OR ANGULAR SPEED, ACCELERATION, DECELERATION, OR SHOCK; INDICATING PRESENCE, ABSENCE, OR DIRECTION, OF MOVEMENT
- G01P15/00—Measuring acceleration; Measuring deceleration; Measuring shock, i.e. sudden change of acceleration
- G01P15/02—Measuring acceleration; Measuring deceleration; Measuring shock, i.e. sudden change of acceleration by making use of inertia forces using solid seismic masses
- G01P15/03—Measuring acceleration; Measuring deceleration; Measuring shock, i.e. sudden change of acceleration by making use of inertia forces using solid seismic masses by using non-electrical means
- G01P15/032—Measuring acceleration; Measuring deceleration; Measuring shock, i.e. sudden change of acceleration by making use of inertia forces using solid seismic masses by using non-electrical means by measuring the displacement of a movable inertial mass
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01K—MEASURING TEMPERATURE; MEASURING QUANTITY OF HEAT; THERMALLY-SENSITIVE ELEMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01K17/00—Measuring quantity of heat
- G01K17/06—Measuring quantity of heat conveyed by flowing media, e.g. in heating systems e.g. the quantity of heat in a transporting medium, delivered to or consumed in an expenditure device
- G01K17/08—Measuring quantity of heat conveyed by flowing media, e.g. in heating systems e.g. the quantity of heat in a transporting medium, delivered to or consumed in an expenditure device based upon measurement of temperature difference or of a temperature
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01P—MEASURING LINEAR OR ANGULAR SPEED, ACCELERATION, DECELERATION, OR SHOCK; INDICATING PRESENCE, ABSENCE, OR DIRECTION, OF MOVEMENT
- G01P15/00—Measuring acceleration; Measuring deceleration; Measuring shock, i.e. sudden change of acceleration
- G01P15/02—Measuring acceleration; Measuring deceleration; Measuring shock, i.e. sudden change of acceleration by making use of inertia forces using solid seismic masses
- G01P15/08—Measuring acceleration; Measuring deceleration; Measuring shock, i.e. sudden change of acceleration by making use of inertia forces using solid seismic masses with conversion into electric or magnetic values
- G01P15/135—Measuring acceleration; Measuring deceleration; Measuring shock, i.e. sudden change of acceleration by making use of inertia forces using solid seismic masses with conversion into electric or magnetic values by making use of contacts which are actuated by a movable inertial mass
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01P—MEASURING LINEAR OR ANGULAR SPEED, ACCELERATION, DECELERATION, OR SHOCK; INDICATING PRESENCE, ABSENCE, OR DIRECTION, OF MOVEMENT
- G01P15/00—Measuring acceleration; Measuring deceleration; Measuring shock, i.e. sudden change of acceleration
- G01P15/18—Measuring acceleration; Measuring deceleration; Measuring shock, i.e. sudden change of acceleration in two or more dimensions
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01P—MEASURING LINEAR OR ANGULAR SPEED, ACCELERATION, DECELERATION, OR SHOCK; INDICATING PRESENCE, ABSENCE, OR DIRECTION, OF MOVEMENT
- G01P3/00—Measuring linear or angular speed; Measuring differences of linear or angular speeds
- G01P3/26—Devices characterised by the use of fluids
- G01P3/266—Devices characterised by the use of fluids by using a vortex chamber
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Measuring Fluid Pressure (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a kind of device that utilizes fluid thermal to flow measurement acceleration and inclination angle, it comprises the container that holds fluid; Radiator comprises that the end of first heating element that is arranged in the container and second heating element and first and second heating elements is electrically connected the point of crossing that forms, distribute heat when the other end by first and second heating elements applies electric current; And thermopair, comprise the thermopair tie point of contact radiator point of crossing, and with the point of crossing point symmetry of radiator about radiator, the voltage of wherein measuring between two ends of thermopair calculates the temperature of radiator point of crossing.The temperature survey that utilizes the radiator point of crossing is along comprising on the imaginary plane of radiator through the acceleration of the imaginary line directive effect of radiator point of crossing and representing the inclination angle of this imaginary line with respect to the inclined degree of terrestrial gravitation direction.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to be used to measure the apparatus and method at acceleration and inclination angle, relate more specifically to be used to measure acceleration and with respect to the apparatus and method at the inclination angle of terrestrial gravitation direction, it utilizes following phenomenon: by fluid for example the cooling degree of the radiator of the thermal convection cooling of gas or liquid depend on the direction and the size of acceleration.
Background technology
Recently, acceleration analysis device or accelerometer are widely used in position control system and for example the motion entering apparatus and the collision detection device of the electronic product of computing machine or mobile phone of the moving body of motor vehicle air bag, suspension, aviation or military use.
Traditional accelerometer is divided into servo type, piezo-electric type, resistance pressure type and capacitor type according to mode of operation.In these types of accelerometer, make to moving body and have quality the moving body of " m " quickens with acceleration " a " by applying power " F ", wherein F=ma.In this case, control signal, piezoelectric voltage, piezoresistance or the electric capacity that changes by the displacement of measuring with moving body obtains acceleration.In order in above-mentioned traditional accelerometer, to improve the precision of measuring acceleration, need a kind of structure that can accurately measure the moving body displacement that changes with acceleration.Yet such moving body needs complicated manufacturing process and has reduced the durability of accelerometer.
Simultaneously, utilize traditional convection accelerator of fluid thermal convection current can be as implementing publicly among U.S. Patent No. 2440189,2455394,5581034,6182509 and Jap.P. No.H7-260820, the 2000-193677.Sensitivity that these convection type accelerometers show and response speed are lower than the accelerometer that uses above-mentioned moving body.When the pressure of fluid changed with external pressure or variation of temperature, acceleration can't accurately be measured.Thereby packing method is restricted and need measures separately external temperature.
Summary of the invention
In order to address the above problem and/or other problem, the invention provides a kind of device that is used to measure acceleration and inclination angle, it has the simple structure that does not comprise moving body and utilizes following phenomenon: changed by the cooling degree of the radiator of the thermal convection of fluid cooling direction and the size with acceleration, thereby simplified manufacturing process, reduced manufacturing cost and improved durability.
The invention provides a kind of method that is used to measure acceleration and inclination angle, it shows sensitivity and the response speed of having improved than traditional convection type accelerometers, and can change by compensator fluid pressure and measure acceleration more exactly to the influence of acceleration.
According to an aspect of the present invention, a kind of device that is used to measure acceleration and inclination angle that utilizes the fluid thermal convection current comprises: the container that holds fluid; Radiator comprises that the end that is arranged in the first interior heating element of container and second heating element and first and second heating elements is electrically connected the point of crossing that forms, distribute heat when the other end by first and second heating elements applies electric current; And thermopair, the thermopair tie point that comprises contact radiator point of crossing, and with the point of crossing point symmetry of radiator about radiator, the voltage of wherein measuring between two ends of thermopair calculates the temperature of radiator point of crossing, wherein utilize the acceleration of the temperature survey of radiator point of crossing, and the expression imaginary line is with respect to the inclination angle of terrestrial gravitation direction inclined degree along the imaginary line directive effect of passing through the radiator point of crossing on the imaginary plane that comprises radiator.
According to an aspect of the present invention, a kind of device that is used to measure acceleration and inclination angle that utilizes the fluid thermal convection current comprises the container that holds fluid; Be arranged in the radiator in the container, thereby have first point of crossing, second point of crossing, the 3rd point of crossing and the 4th point of crossing that rectangular shape has electrical connection, and about the imaginary centres point point symmetry in the middle of first and second point of crossing respect to one another, and when applying electric current distribute heat; First thermopair comprises the thermopair tie point that contacts radiator first point of crossing, and the voltage of wherein measuring between two ends of first thermopair calculates the temperature of radiator first point of crossing; And second thermopair, the thermopair tie point that comprises contact radiator second point of crossing, and with first thermopair about this imaginary centres point point symmetry, the voltage of wherein measuring between two ends of second thermopair calculates the temperature of radiator second point of crossing, wherein utilizes the difference of temperature between radiator first and second point of crossing to measure along through the acceleration of the imaginary line directive effect of first and second point of crossing and represent the inclination angle of this imaginary line with respect to terrestrial gravitation direction inclined degree.
Electric current is applied to radiator by third and fourth point of crossing.
This device may further include: three thermocouple, comprise the thermopair tie point that contacts radiator the 3rd point of crossing, and the voltage of wherein measuring between two ends of three thermocouple calculates the temperature of radiator the 3rd point of crossing; And the 4th thermopair, the thermopair tie point that comprises contact radiator the 4th point of crossing, and with three thermocouple about this imaginary centres point point symmetry, the voltage of wherein measuring between two ends of the 4th thermopair calculates the temperature of radiator the 4th point of crossing, wherein utilize the difference of temperature between radiator third and fourth point of crossing measure along through the acceleration of the imaginary line directive effect of third and fourth point of crossing and expression through this imaginary line of third and fourth point of crossing inclination angle with respect to terrestrial gravitation direction inclined degree.
In this case, in order to provide electric current to radiator, four electrodes are electrically connected to radiator and about imaginary centres point point symmetry.
According to another aspect of the present invention, a kind of method of utilizing fluid thermal to flow measurement acceleration and inclination angle, device above using, this device comprises: apply electrical current to radiator and make the radiator distribute heat to promote the thermal convection of fluid, the voltage of measuring between two ends of first thermopair calculates the temperature of radiator first point of crossing with the voltage that utilization records, and measure the voltage that the voltage between two ends of second thermopair records with utilization and calculate the temperature of radiator second point of crossing, and utilize difference between the temperature that obtains above to calculate along through the acceleration of the imaginary line directive effect of first and second point of crossing and represent the inclination angle of this imaginary line with respect to the terrestrial gravitation inclined degree.
This method comprises that further calculating temperature in the temperature computation to radiator first and second point of crossing sues for peace, and utilize this temperature with the pressure that calculates fluid in the container, and utilize the hydrodynamic pressure that obtains in the calculating of hydrodynamic pressure from container that the acceleration and the inclination angle that obtain from calculate at acceleration and inclination angle are proofreaied and correct.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 for according to one embodiment of the present invention be used to measure the device at acceleration and inclination angle along the axial sectional view of z;
Fig. 2 installs among Fig. 1 along the axial sectional view of y;
Fig. 3 is the sectional view of device when acceleration puts on the y direction of principal axis among Fig. 1, wherein acceleration and acceleration of gravity and represent by vector;
Fig. 4 is a synoptic diagram, shown when in the container that in Fig. 1, installs+the y direction applies has and during the equal-sized acceleration of acceleration of gravity " g " direction of the thermal convection that produces and pattern on the x-y plane;
Fig. 5 is a synoptic diagram, shown when in the container that in Fig. 1, installs-the y direction applies has and during the equal-sized acceleration of acceleration of gravity " g " direction of the thermal convection that produces and pattern on the x-y plane;
Fig. 6 is used for the sectional view at the y inclination angle of device in the key drawing 1;
Fig. 7 has shown the temperature characteristics of the radiator point of crossing of installing among Fig. 1, and it is decided by the axial acceleration of y with respect to the inclination angle of terrestrial gravitation direction respectively;
Fig. 8 for according to the present invention another embodiment be used to measure the device at acceleration and inclination angle along the axial sectional view of z;
Fig. 9 is a curve map, has shown when the container fluid pressure in Fig. 8 device changes the temperature characteristics at the radiator cross-point measurement; And
Figure 10 for according to the present invention another embodiment be used to measure the device at acceleration and inclination angle along the axial sectional view of z.
Preferred forms
Hereinafter, with reference to the accompanying drawings embodiments of the present invention are described in detail.
Fig. 1 for according to one embodiment of the present invention be used to measure the device at acceleration and inclination angle along the axial sectional view of z.Fig. 2 installs along the axial sectional view of y among Fig. 1.Fig. 3 is the sectional view of device when acceleration puts on the y direction of principal axis among Fig. 1, wherein acceleration and acceleration of gravity and represent by vector.Fig. 4 is a synoptic diagram, shown when in the container that in Fig. 1, installs+the y direction applies has and during the equal-sized acceleration of acceleration of gravity " g " direction of the thermal convection that produces and pattern on the x-y plane.Fig. 5 is a synoptic diagram, shown when in the container that in Fig. 1, installs-the y direction applies has and during the equal-sized acceleration of acceleration of gravity " g " direction of the thermal convection that produces and pattern on the x-y plane.Fig. 6 is used for the sectional view at the y inclination angle of device in the key drawing 1.
Referring to figs. 1 to 3 and Fig. 6, measure the device 100 at acceleration and inclination angle according to the thermal convection that utilizes fluid of one embodiment of the present invention, comprise container 10, radiator 20 and thermopair 30.
As shown in fig. 1, thermopair 30 and point of crossing 23 point symmetries of radiator 20 about radiator 20.Thermopair 30 comprises first lead 31, second lead 32 and thermopair tie point 33.For example nickel or chromium form first and second leads 31 and 32 by metal material.First and second leads 31 are formed by different metals with 32, and second lead 32 is formed by the metal that is not nickel thereby first lead 31 is formed by nickel, for example chromium.Thermopair tie point 33 is formed by the end electrical connection of first and second leads 31 and 32.The point of crossing 23 of thermopair tie point 33 contact radiators 20.First and second leads 31 and the other end of 32 are electrically connected to electrode 34 and 35 respectively.The voltage measuring apparatus (not shown) that is used for potential electrode 34 and 35 voltages is connected to electrode 34 and 35.
The temperature of the point of crossing 23 of radiator 20 can use the voltage that is recorded by voltage measuring apparatus to calculate.The size and Orientation at acceleration and inclination angle can use the temperature that calculates to measure independently.The direction of acceleration is the imaginary line direction of the point of crossing 23 of process radiator 20 on the imaginary plane that comprises radiator 20.Equally, the inclination angle is that the y inclination angle is the inclined degree of this imaginary line direction with respect to the terrestrial gravitation direction.
Use according to the embodiment of the present invention of above-mentioned structure be used to measure principle and the method that the device 100 at acceleration and inclination angle measures acceleration and inclination angle and will be discussed in more detail below.
When the pressure change of fluid 1 in the container 10, the thermal convection of the variable effect fluid 1 of pressure, this causes the error of acceleration and measurement of dip angle.Thereby, accurately measure the step at acceleration and inclination angle in the time of will describing the constant pressure when container 10 inner fluids 1 below.
Be set to the initial point (x=0 of volume coordinate when the point of crossing 23 of the radiator shown in Fig. 1 and 2 20, y=0, z=0) and only on-z direction during the weight application acceleration, by apply electrical current to electrode 24 and 25 from current-source arrangement, in radiator 20, promptly produce Joule heat in first and second heating elements 21 and 22.Thereby the fluid 1 in the container 10 depends on the heat conductivity of Joule heat, fluid 1 and the boundary condition of container 10, and it has spatial temperature distribution in container 10.Thereby the part that the close radiator 20 of fluid 1 is heated by radiator 20 has the temperature more higher relatively than other parts.Therefore, the density of this part relatively reduce so that this part with acceleration of gravity side be in the opposite direction+be subjected to buoyancy on the z direction.Thereby this part upper space to radiator 20 (z＞0) of the fluid 1 that is heated by radiator 20 flows.When fluid 1 is heated part and flows, because it is emptied that fluid 1 is heated the space that partly occupies, along with the lower space that is positioned at radiator 20 (z＜0) and have the fluid that is heated the relatively low temperature of part than fluid 1 and flow to+z direction, the space of soaring is filled.When separating with radiator 20, the temperature of fluid 1 part that moves to the upper space (z＞0) of radiator 20 reduces.Therefore, this part flows and fills the lower space (z＜0) of heat radiation fluid 20 to-z direction along the madial wall of container 10.
So, thereby when as mentioned above when applying electrical current to radiator 20 and in radiator 20, produce Joule heat, the circulation that in container 10, produces fluid 1, i.e. thermal convection.
As shown in Figure 3, when on+y direction, applying acceleration a
yThe time, the direction that centers on fluid 1 thermal convection of radiator 20 is subjected to acceleration a
yWith the influence of the vector sum of gravity acceleration g, and change into the direction opposite with vector sum.Around the intensity of the thermal convection of radiator 20, i.e. the average velocity that flows of fluid 1 with the change of vector sum with being in proportion.Because the heat major part that radiator 20 produces is cooled off by fluid 1, so the variation of the size and Orientation of thermal convection has changed the cooling degree of radiator 20, the i.e. temperature of radiator 20.Equally, when fluid 1 when producing the radiator 20 of heat, the variation increase of thermal convection size and speed.
Figure 4 and 5 have shown respectively in+y direction and-y direction and have applied analog result under the acceleration situation that has with the identical size of acceleration of gravity " g ".Figure 4 and 5 have shown the fluid 1 thermal convection pattern that produces on x-y shown in Figure 1 plane.In Figure 4 and 5, arrow is represented the direction that fluid 1 flows, and the flowing velocity of the length of every line of expression thermal convection pattern and fluid 1 is proportional.The medial temperature of the radiator 20 of the current flow heats that is provided is about 150 ℃, and the medial temperature of container 10 is 25 ℃.Can see, depend on fluid 1 flow direction of acceleration change and the variation of speed, i.e. the variation of thermal convection, 23 produce maximal value on every side in the point of crossing.This be because, the heat high concentration on the point of crossing 23 of radiator 20 with and on every side.So the point of crossing 23 of radiator 20 is subjected to the influence of thermal convection the sensitiveest, therefore the cooling degree of 23 radiators 20 that produce on every side is the temperature variation maximum in the point of crossing.
At length, be applied to when having with the acceleration of the identical size of acceleration of gravity+during the y direction, as shown in Figure 3, fluid 1 part that is provided with in the space (y＞0) of radiator 20 has the temperature that is higher than fluid 1 ensemble average temperature, and it is subjected to acceleration a
yWith the influence of the vector sum of gravity acceleration g, as shown in Figure 3, thereby this part flows with the direction in contrast to vector sum and the point of crossing 23 of cooling heat dissipation body 20.On the contrary, be applied to when having with the acceleration of the identical size of acceleration of gravity-during the y direction, fluid 1 part that is provided with in the space (y＜0) of thermopair 30 has the temperature that is lower than fluid 1 ensemble average temperature, and it is subjected to acceleration a
yWith the influence of the vector sum of gravity acceleration g, thereby this part flows with the direction in contrast to vector sum and the point of crossing 23 of cooling heat dissipation body 20.
Thereby the temperature of radiator 20 point of crossing 23 that record when applying acceleration on+y direction is than the temperature height of radiator 20 point of crossing 23 that record when applying acceleration on-y direction.Because the temperature variation size of the point of crossing 23 of radiator 20 is decided by to act on the size of the acceleration on the y direction of principal axis, so, can obtain to act on the direction and the size of the acceleration on the y direction of principal axis with higher sensitivity and very fast response speed by using thermopair 30 to measure the temperature of the point of crossing 23 of radiator 20.
When use according to the embodiment of the present invention of above-mentioned structure be used to measure the device 100 at acceleration and inclination angle the time, can measure the y inclination angle as described below.As shown in Figure 6, when having only acceleration of gravity to be applied to be used to measure the device 100 at acceleration and inclination angle, the x axle is fixed perpendicular to gravitational direction, and the y axle tilts, like this+and the y direction becomes " h " radian with respect to gravitational direction.In this case, when acceleration of gravity during by resolution of vectors, with the equation " a relevant with acceleration of gravity
y=g cos (h) " provide the acceleration a on the y direction of principal axis that acts on inclination
yLike this, above by execution, obtain the step of acceleration to obtain the acceleration a on the y direction of principal axis
yThe time, can be from equation " a
y=gcos (h) " acquisition inclination angle h.
Fig. 7 has shown the Temperature Distribution at 23 places, radiator 20 point of crossing of depending on the inclination angle h that acts on the device 100 that is used for measuring acceleration and inclination angle and the acceleration profile on the y direction of principal axis, with depend on that when the electric current of predetermined quantity is applied to radiator 20 medial temperature that makes radiator 20 is the Temperature Distribution at 23 places, radiator 20 point of crossing at 25 ℃ inclination angle for the medial temperature of about 150 ℃ of containers 102.Can see that with reference to figure 7 temperature linearity of the point of crossing 23 of radiator 20 is in response to the acceleration magnitude that acts on the y direction of principal axis.Therefore, owing to measured the temperature and as shown in Figure 7 the family curve when having utilized constant pressure when fluid 1 of the point of crossing 23 of radiator 20 according to the device 100 that is used to measure acceleration and inclination angle of present embodiment, thus can with high sensitivity and rapid response speed acquisition act on the y direction of principal axis acceleration and with respect to the inclination angle of terrestrial gravitation direction.
Fig. 8 has shown according to the present invention the device 200 that is used to measure acceleration and inclination angle of another embodiment.With reference to figure 8, the device 200 that is used to measure acceleration and inclination angle comprises container 10, radiator 40, first thermopair 50 and second thermopair 60.
Radiator 40 is arranged in the container 10.In the present embodiment, radiator 40 is a rectangle, especially, is square.Radiator 40 is put 45 point symmetries about imaginary centres, and this point 45 is positioned at the centre of first point of crossing 41 described later and second point of crossing 42.Radiator 40 comprises first point of crossing 41, second point of crossing 42, the 3rd point of crossing 43 and the 4th point of crossing 44, and they are electrically connected to each other.First and second point of crossing 41 and 42 are arranged opposite to each other, and third and fourth point of crossing 43 and 44 is arranged opposite to each other simultaneously.Third and fourth point of crossing 43 and 44 of radiator 40 is electrically connected to electrode 46 and 47.The current-source arrangement (not shown) that is used to provide current to electrode 46 and 47 is connected to electrode 46 and 47.When providing electric current, in radiator 40, produce Joule heat by current-source arrangement.
First and second point of crossing 41 of radiator 40 and 42 temperature can use the voltage that records by voltage measuring apparatus to calculate.The difference of the temperature that use records can be measured the size and Orientation and the inclination angle of acceleration independently, and the direction of acceleration is the imaginary line direction by each first and second point of crossing 41 and 42.The inclination angle is the y inclination angle, refers to the inclined degree of this imaginary line direction with respect to the terrestrial gravitation direction.
Measure the method at acceleration and inclination angle at the device 200 that is used for measuring acceleration and inclination angle that uses as above structure, when the constant pressure of fluid 1 in the container 10, apply electrical current to radiator 40 and apply acceleration a
yTo y direction of principal axis as shown in Figure 8.Be similar to aforementioned embodiments of the present invention, produce the thermal convection component on the y direction of principal axis around the radiator 40.Yet in this embodiment,, therefore be positioned at first and second point of crossing 41 and 42 radiator 40 parts on every side and have reciprocal shape about the y direction of principal axis because radiator 40 is put 45 point symmetries about imaginary centres.
Therefore, on first and second point of crossing 41 and 42 of radiator 40, the cooling effect that the thermal convection of y direction of principal axis brings is reciprocal.For example, as acceleration a
yAct on+during the y direction, the thermal convection component of generation-y direction, thereby as top described with reference to Fig. 5, first point of crossing 41 is cooled off by the part that temperature in the fluid 1 is lower than fluid 1 ensemble average temperature.On the contrary, as top described with reference to Fig. 4, second point of crossing 42 is cooled off by the part that temperature in the fluid 1 is higher than fluid 1 ensemble average temperature.Therefore, the temperature of second point of crossing 42 of radiator 40 is than the temperature height of first point of crossing 41.
Because first and second point of crossing 41 of radiator 40 and 42 temperature differ from one another, as acceleration a
yAct on+during the y direction, become and acceleration a from the temperature T 1 of first point of crossing 41 that first thermopair 50 records with from the difference (T1-T2) between the temperature T 2 of second point of crossing 42 that second thermopair 60 records
yThe negative value that is in proportion.On the contrary, as acceleration a
yAct on-during the y direction, the temperature gap (T1-T2) between first and second point of crossing 41 and 42 becomes and acceleration a
yBe in proportion on the occasion of.Therefore as with the previous embodiment, when the constant pressure of fluid 1, by temperature gap between two point of crossing 41 and 42 of measuring radiator 40, can obtain act on the direction and the size of the axial acceleration of y according to the device 200 that is used to measure acceleration and inclination angle of present embodiment with high sensitivity and rapid response speed.Equally, use the front embodiment, the device 200 y inclination angles that can measure with respect to the terrestrial gravitation direction with reference to figure 6 described methods.
Simultaneously, the pressure of fluid 1 can change according to container 10 external pressures or variation of temperature in the container 10.In this case, because the degree of radiator by fluid 1 thermal convection cooling not only depend on acceleration but also depend on the pressure of fluid 1, so can't accurately obtain acceleration a
yWith the y inclination angle.A kind of even when fluid 1 pressure change, can both accurately obtain acceleration a
yWill be described below with the method at y inclination angle.
Fig. 9 shown when fluid 1 produces the Joule heat of predetermined quantities for nitrogen and radiator 40, along with the variation of the pressure of container 10, the temperature variation of first thermopair 50 that contacts with first point of crossing 41.With reference to figure 9, generally speaking,, produced more thermal convection, thereby the cooling degree of radiator 40 increases along with the increase of fluid 1 pressure.On the contrary, when the pressure of fluid 1 reduces, reduce by the degree of thermal convection to radiator 40 coolings.Therefore, when the pressure of fluid 1 changed according to the container 10 outside pressure that produce or temperature variation, the point of crossing 41 of radiator 40 and 42 temperature were not only changed by acceleration but also by the pressure change of fluid 1.Like this, can't accurately obtain acceleration a from temperature gap (T1-T2)
yWith the y inclination angle.
Yet, because first and second point of crossing 41 and 42 are subjected to by acceleration a
yThe opposite cooling effect that produces, thus the temperature T 2 of the temperature T 1 of first point of crossing 41 and second point of crossing 42 and (T1+T2) be all the time and acceleration a
yIrrelevant constant only depends on the pressure of fluid 1.Therefore, at the device 200 that is used for measuring acceleration and inclination angle, from temperature and the pressure that (T1+T2) can obtain fluid 1 according to this embodiment.By the pressure of the fluid 1 that use to obtain, proofread and correct the variation of fluid 1 pressure about temperature gap (T1-T2), even when fluid 1 pressure change, also can obtain to act on the axial acceleration of y exactly and with respect to the y inclination angle of terrestrial gravitation direction.
Figure 10 has shown according to the present invention the device 300 that is used to measure acceleration and inclination angle of another embodiment.In Figure 10, represent to have the similar elements of identical function with identical Reference numeral in the aforementioned embodiments shown in Figure 8, the element with slight variation is with the indication of suffix " a " table.Because a lot of parts shown in Fig. 8 and 10 between the embodiment are identical, so only part inequality is described in detail.With reference to Figure 10, comprise container 10, radiator 40a, first thermopair 50, second thermopair 60, three thermocouple 70 and the 4th thermopair 80 that holds fluid 1 according to the device 300 that is used to measure acceleration and inclination angle of present embodiment.
As shown in figure 10, in radiator 40a, four electrodes 46,47,48 and 49 are electrically connected to each other and are arranged to and put 45 point symmetries about imaginary centres.When electrode 46 and 47 was electrically connected to (+) utmost point of current-source arrangement (not shown), electrode 48 and 49 was electrically connected to (-) utmost point of current-source arrangement.By electrode 46 via the first and the 3rd point of crossing 41 and 43 current paths to electrode 48 and 49, by electrode 47 via the first and the 3rd point of crossing 42 and 44 current paths to electrode 48 and 49, the electric current that provides by current-source arrangement and the resistance of radiator 40 produce Joule heat.
Three thermocouple 70 comprises the 5th lead 71, the 6th lead 72 and thermopair tie point 73.For example nickel and chromium form the 5th and the 6th lead 71 and 72 by the metal material that differs from one another.Form thermopair tie point 73 by the end that is electrically connected the 5th and the 6th lead 71 and 72, the 3rd point of crossing 43 of these thermopair tie point 73 contact radiators 40.The the 5th and the 6th lead 71 and the other end of 72 are electrically connected to electrode 74 and 75 respectively.The voltage measuring apparatus (not shown) of voltage is connected to electrode 74 and 75 between can potential electrode 74 and 75.
The 4th thermopair 80 and three thermocouple 70 are put 45 point symmetries about imaginary centres.The 4th thermopair 80 comprises the 7th lead 81, the 8th lead 82 and thermopair tie point 83.For example nickel and chromium form the 7th and the 8th lead 81 and 82 by the metal material that differs from one another.Form thermopair tie point 83 by the end that is electrically connected the 7th and the 8th lead 81 and 82, the 4th point of crossing 44 of these thermopair tie point 83 contact radiators 40.The the 7th and the 8th lead 81 and the other end of 82 are electrically connected to electrode 84 and 85 respectively.The voltage measuring apparatus (for illustrating) of voltage is connected to electrode 84 and 85 between can potential electrode 84 and 85.
Above-mentioned embodiment as shown in FIG. 8 is such, at the device 300 that is used for measuring acceleration and inclination angle of as above constructing, because fluid 1 pressure changes the error that produces, can obtain the size and Orientation of acceleration by proofreading and correct exactly.The difference of two embodiments is, can obtain acceleration and the y and the x inclination angle of y and x direction, and this will be discussed in more detail below.The y inclination angle is identical with the inclination angle in the above-mentioned embodiment shown in Figure 8, and the x inclination angle refers to imaginary line by third and fourth point of crossing 43 and 44 with respect to the inclined degree of terrestrial gravitation direction.
When the constant pressure of fluid 1 in the container 10 and acceleration a with x-y plane as shown in figure 10 on the x axle do the time spent at angle, above-mentioned embodiment as shown in FIG. 8 is such, the y axle component a of acceleration a
yAround radiator 40a, produce the axial thermal convection component of y.Be positioned on the x axle third and fourth point of crossing 43 and 44 around radiator 40 parts have about the opposite shape of x direction of principal axis, but identical about y direction of principal axis shape.Thereby, be positioned at third and fourth point of crossing 43 and 44 cooling effects that are subjected to comparably from the axial thermal convection component of y on the x axle.Between third and fourth point of crossing 43 and 44, do not produce and come from component of acceleration a
yTemperature gap.Be positioned at first point of crossing 41 on the y axle and second point of crossing 42 around radiator 40 parts have about the opposite shape of y direction of principal axis.Thereby above-mentioned embodiment as shown in FIG. 8 is such, and first and second point of crossing 41 and 42 that are positioned at the y axle reciprocally are subjected to the cooling effect of the axial thermal convection component of y.Between first and second point of crossing 41 and 42, produce and come from component of acceleration a
yTemperature gap.
Therefore, as component of acceleration a
yAct on+during the y direction, become and component of acceleration a from the temperature T 1 of first point of crossing 41 that first thermopair 50 records with from the difference (T1-T2) between the temperature T 2 of second point of crossing 42 that second thermopair 60 records
yThe negative temperature value that is in proportion.On the contrary, as component of acceleration a
yAct on-during the y direction, obtain and component of acceleration a from temperature gap (T1-T2)
yThe positive temperature value that is in proportion.
Similarly, can obtain the x axle component a of acceleration a from the symbol of difference (T3-T4) and size
yDirection and size, temperature T 3 and T4 measure by contacting third and fourth point of crossing 43 that is positioned at the x axle and 44 third and fourth thermopair 70 and 80 respectively.The result, with with the identical method of above-mentioned embodiment shown in Fig. 8, when the pressure of fluid 1 changes, by the temperature gap between two pairs of point of crossing 41,42,43 and 44 of measuring radiator 40, be used in the present embodiment to measure acceleration and inclination angle device 300 can with high sensitivity and response speed acquisition faster act on the x-y plane acceleration and with respect to the y inclination angle and the x inclination angle of terrestrial gravitation direction.
Above-mentioned embodiment as shown in Figure 8 is such, when the pressure of fluid 1 in the container 10 changes with container 10 outside pressure that produce or variation of temperature, at the device 300 that is used for measuring acceleration and inclination angle according to present embodiment, can be from the temperature of first and second point of crossing 41 that are arranged in the y axle and 42 and (T1+T2) and be positioned at third and fourth point of crossing 43 on the x axle and 44 temperature and (T3+T4) pressure of acquisition fluid 1.Thereby, use the pressure of the fluid 1 that obtains, the temperature gap (T1-T2) that changes by the pressure of proofreading and correct with fluid 1 and (T3-T4), even when the pressure change of fluid 1, also can measure the acceleration that acts on the x-y plane exactly and with respect to the y inclination angle and the x inclination angle of terrestrial gravitation direction.
Though with reference to preferred embodiment the present invention having been carried out showing particularly and describing, but, those skilled in the art should understand, under the situation that does not break away from the purport of the present invention that limits by additional claims and scope, can carry out the change of various forms and details therein.
Industrial usability
As described above, according to the present invention, owing to removed the essential moving body of traditional accelerometer, tool There is the accelerometer of the durability of the structure of simplification and improvement can be with the manufacturing process of simplifying and cheap system Cause original manufacturing. Equally, accelerometer according to the present invention can have than tradition in the measurement of acceleration Convection type accelerometers sensitivity and the response speed improved. In addition, because the correction fluid pressure is provided The function that changes, this change in fluid pressure depends on external pressure or variations in temperature, so can obtain letter Single various method for packing and do not need external temperature is additionally measured.
Claims (6)
1, a kind of device that utilizes fluid thermal to flow measurement acceleration and inclination angle, this device comprises:
Container holds fluid;
Radiator comprises first heating element and second heating element that are arranged in the container, and the end of described first and second heating elements is electrically connected the point of crossing that forms, distribute heat when the other end by first and second heating elements applies electric current; And
Thermopair comprises the thermopair tie point of contact described radiator point of crossing, and with the point of crossing point symmetry of described radiator about described radiator, the voltage of wherein measuring between two ends of described thermopair calculates the temperature of described radiator point of crossing,
Wherein utilize the temperature of described radiator point of crossing, measurement is along the acceleration through the imaginary line directive effect that comprises the described radiator point of crossing on the imaginary plane of described radiator, and represents the inclination angle of described imaginary line with respect to terrestrial gravitation direction inclined degree.
2, a kind of device that utilizes fluid thermal to flow measurement acceleration, inclination angle and pressure, this device comprises:
Container holds fluid;
Radiator, be arranged in the described container, thereby have first point of crossing, second point of crossing, the 3rd point of crossing and the 4th point of crossing that rectangular shape has electrical connection, and about being positioned at the imaginary centres point point symmetry in the middle of described first and second point of crossing respect to one another, and when applying electric current distribute heat;
First thermopair comprises the thermopair tie point that contacts described radiator first point of crossing, and the voltage of wherein measuring between two ends of described first thermopair calculates the temperature of described radiator first point of crossing; And
Second thermopair, the thermopair tie point that comprises the described radiator of contact second point of crossing, and put point symmetry with described first thermopair about imaginary centres, the voltage of wherein measuring between two ends of described second thermopair calculates the temperature of described radiator second point of crossing
Wherein utilize the difference of temperature between described radiator first and second point of crossing, measure along the acceleration of the imaginary line directive effect of described first and second point of crossing of process, and represent the inclination angle of described imaginary line with respect to terrestrial gravitation direction inclined degree; And
Utilize the described radiator first and second point of crossing temperature with the pressure of measuring described fluid.
3, device as claimed in claim 2, wherein electric current is applied to described radiator by described third and fourth point of crossing.
4, device as claimed in claim 2 further comprises:
Three thermocouple comprises the thermopair tie point that contacts described radiator the 3rd point of crossing, and the voltage of wherein measuring between two ends of described three thermocouple calculates the temperature of described radiator the 3rd point of crossing; And
The 4th thermopair, the thermopair tie point that comprises the described radiator of contact the 4th point of crossing, and with described three thermocouple about described imaginary centres point point symmetry, the voltage of wherein measuring between two ends of described the 4th thermopair calculates the temperature of described radiator the 4th point of crossing
Wherein utilize the difference of temperature between described radiator third and fourth point of crossing, measurement is along the acceleration of the imaginary line directive effect of described third and fourth point of crossing of process, and the described imaginary line of described third and fourth point of crossing of expression process is with respect to the inclination angle of terrestrial gravitation direction inclined degree; And
Utilize the described radiator first and second point of crossing temperature and and the third and fourth point of crossing temperature with the pressure of measuring described fluid.
5, device as claimed in claim 4, wherein four electrodes are electrically connected to described radiator, and about described imaginary centres point point symmetry.
6, a kind of method of utilizing fluid thermal to flow measurement acceleration, inclination angle and pressure is used to measure the device of acceleration, inclination angle and pressure, and this device comprises: the container that holds fluid; Be arranged in the radiator in the described container, thereby have first point of crossing, second point of crossing, the 3rd point of crossing and the 4th point of crossing that rectangular shape has electrical connection, and about being positioned at the middle imaginary centres point point symmetry in described first and second point of crossing respect to one another; First thermopair comprises the thermopair tie point that contacts described radiator first point of crossing; And second thermopair, comprise the thermopair tie point of the described radiator of contact second point of crossing, and with described first thermopair about described imaginary centres point point symmetry, this method comprises:
Applying electrical current to described radiator makes described radiator distribute heat to promote the thermal convection of fluid;
The voltage of measuring between two ends of described first thermopair calculates the temperature of described radiator first point of crossing to utilize the described voltage that records, and the voltage of measuring between two ends of described second thermopair calculates the temperature of described radiator second point of crossing to utilize the described voltage that records;
Difference between the temperature that utilization obtains is above calculated along the acceleration of the imaginary line directive effect of described first and second point of crossing of process, and is represented the inclination angle of described imaginary line with respect to the terrestrial gravitation inclined degree;
The temperature that calculates in the temperature computation to described radiator first and second point of crossing is sued for peace, and utilizes the pressure of fluid in described temperature and the described container of calculating; And
The hydrodynamic pressure that the calculating of utilization hydrodynamic pressure from described container obtains is proofreaied and correct the acceleration and the inclination angle that obtain from described acceleration and inclination angle calculating.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| KR20040061995 | 2004-08-06 | ||
| KR1020040061995 | 2004-08-06 | ||
| KR1020050049721 | 2005-06-10 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN101002102A CN101002102A (en) | 2007-07-18 |
| CN100559187C true CN100559187C (en) | 2009-11-11 |
Family
ID=37149941
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB2005800263561A Expired - Fee Related CN100559187C (en) | 2004-08-06 | 2005-08-01 | Utilize the method and apparatus of fluid thermal to flow measurement acceleration and/or pitch angle |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| KR (2) | KR100677866B1 (en) |
| CN (1) | CN100559187C (en) |
Families Citing this family (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR100724095B1 (en) * | 2005-10-21 | 2007-06-04 | 한국표준과학연구원 | Wattmeter for voltage, current and power measurement |
| KR100829166B1 (en) * | 2007-03-30 | 2008-05-13 | 주식회사 한국센시스 | Mems acceleration sensor |
| KR200445184Y1 (en) * | 2007-07-26 | 2009-07-06 | 주식회사 한국센시스 | A sensor for golf club and a golf club using the same |
| CN102621094B (en) * | 2012-03-07 | 2013-11-27 | 北京大学 | Thermal flow pattern tester and measuring method thereof |
| US9191782B2 (en) * | 2013-03-12 | 2015-11-17 | Qualcomm Incorporated | 2D to 3D map conversion for improved navigation |
| CN114623946A (en) * | 2022-03-11 | 2022-06-14 | 苏州热工研究院有限公司 | Thermoelectric potential probe |
-
2005
- 2005-06-10 KR KR1020050049721A patent/KR100677866B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2005-08-01 CN CNB2005800263561A patent/CN100559187C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2006
- 2006-11-16 KR KR1020060113397A patent/KR20060126868A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| KR100677866B1 (en) | 2007-02-02 |
| KR20060049572A (en) | 2006-05-19 |
| CN101002102A (en) | 2007-07-18 |
| KR20060126868A (en) | 2006-12-11 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| US7562574B2 (en) | Method and device for measuring acceleration and/or inclination by using thermal convection of a fluid | |
| CN100559187C (en) | Utilize the method and apparatus of fluid thermal to flow measurement acceleration and/or pitch angle | |
| CN100453972C (en) | Gas pendulum inertia sensor | |
| CN101416021B (en) | Multi-zone capacitive force sensing device and method | |
| JPH09119832A (en) | Output-signal generating circuit | |
| CN101187673B (en) | Single-chip tri-axis acceleration sensor | |
| CN106990262A (en) | A kind of thermal convection current accelerometer | |
| Lin et al. | A liquid-filled buoyancy-driven convective micromachined accelerometer | |
| CN111983255A (en) | Flexible acceleration sensor based on heat convection principle | |
| Dinh et al. | Tri-axis convective accelerometer with closed-loop heat source | |
| KR100829165B1 (en) | Mems appratus for measuring acceleration in three axes | |
| JP2000193677A (en) | Acceleration sensor | |
| CN110208132B (en) | Magnetic fluid thermal expansion coefficient measurement system and method | |
| CN202815011U (en) | Resistance type six-degree-of-freedom accelerometer | |
| KR101072296B1 (en) | Micromachined convective acceleration measuring appratus and method for fabrication the same | |
| WO1993020406A1 (en) | Tilt determination | |
| Ishak et al. | Effect of working fluid, acceleration and heater power on temperature profile inside a thermal convective accelerometer | |
| CN113325198B (en) | Flexible heat convection type acceleration sensor and preparation method thereof | |
| CN216449608U (en) | Pendulum type omnibearing micromechanical accelerometer with dynamic heat source | |
| CN209069788U (en) | The device of capillary pressure, permeability and capillary performance parameter is measured simultaneously | |
| US11754590B2 (en) | Particle based accelerometer | |
| Taj et al. | Design and Simulation of Silicon‐Based Suspension Beams for Various MEMS Sensors | |
| RU2324946C2 (en) | Molecular electronic device for measuring angular motions | |
| Chang et al. | Research on the sensitive mechanism of open Z axis fluidic gyroscope based on MEMS | |
| CN117268597A (en) | MEMS friction sensor for measuring friction of rough surface and manufacturing and designing method thereof |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C06 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| C10 | Entry into substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| ASS | Succession or assignment of patent right |
Owner name: LI ZHENGYU Free format text: FORMER OWNER: HANKUK SENSYS CO., LTD. Effective date: 20100901 |
|
| C41 | Transfer of patent application or patent right or utility model | ||
| TR01 | Transfer of patent right |
Effective date of registration: 20100901 Address after: Gyeongbuk, South Korea Patentee after: Li Zhengyu Address before: Gyeongbuk, South Korea Patentee before: Hankuk Sensys Co., Ltd. |
|
| C17 | Cessation of patent right | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |
Granted publication date: 20091111 Termination date: 20120801 |