CN100559135C - Integral aperture phase measurement and compensation method and system - Google Patents
Integral aperture phase measurement and compensation method and system Download PDFInfo
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- CN100559135C CN100559135C CNB2007101768206A CN200710176820A CN100559135C CN 100559135 C CN100559135 C CN 100559135C CN B2007101768206 A CNB2007101768206 A CN B2007101768206A CN 200710176820 A CN200710176820 A CN 200710176820A CN 100559135 C CN100559135 C CN 100559135C
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Abstract
The present invention proposes a kind of novel synthesis aperture photon imaging phase measurement and compensation method and system, utilize after the electrooptical modulation result of interference of carrier wave to extract phase error information, the purpose of real-time measurement and compensation be can realize the phase error of this interference imaging system is carried out, interference type image-forming remote sensing, high spatial resolution military surveillance technical field belonged to.In the present invention, synthesis aperture photon imaging is converted to lightwave signal by electrooptic modulator after being meant that the visual field radiation signal is by aerial array reception and frequency reducing, and is transferred to optical fiber connector formation light array image-forming.Because the visual field signal can produce certain error in accepting and transmitting, and phase error is very big to the image quality influence, the present invention proposes to use optical fiber filter to isolate carrier wave in the optical fiber, extract the channel phases error by its result of interference, and finally utilize phase delay and compensator that optical fiber is carried out phase error correction.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates generally to based on the phase error of the passive synthesis aperture photon imaging system of up-conversion electrooptical modulation and measures and alignment technique, especially use optical carrier to interfere, calculate systematic phase error by analyzing interference image, finally come the technology of correction error by real-time phase compensation system.
Background technology
Passive synthesis aperture photon imaging method is based on the formation method of up-conversion technology, earlier receiving antenna array is optimized according to carrier, the signal that receiver is received is loaded on the light wave through the electrooptical modulation technology then, pass through Optical Fiber Transmission, and at the terminal fiber array that forms of array, utilization micro-optic technical design optical system makes it to form optical synthesis aperture image-forming system, finally uses the CCD direct imaging on the focal plane.
In optical synthesis aperture image-forming system, a plurality of small-bore optical elements are arranged according to certain locus, by phase matching and light path adjustment, feasible light beam by each sub-aperture satisfies the same-phase requirement on common focal plane, realizing the coherence stack of light field, thereby reach the diffraction-limited resolution of suitable with clear aperture single heavy caliber system.Any passive synthesis aperture system, the signal that sends from every antenna, in phase place that must careful control signal, its precision must just can obtain high-quality image less than 1/10 wavelength in transmission course.The array of apertures position depart from the error that can cause phase measurement, phase error is bigger to the influence of synthetic aperture image quality.In passive imaging system, the factor that may introduce phase error has: Antenna Positioning mistake, the phase error that local oscillations (RF or laser) is introduced and the difference of the path from the antenna to the plane of delineation.All these source of errors all need the real-time phase calibration.In the coherent light wave beam formation system, the interference effect between the laser beam is used for imaging, and therefore the error in length of every optical fiber must be controlled in 1/10 optical wavelength (0.1um) scope.These fiber lengths are all very responsive to temperature and pressure, therefore are necessary to adopt an active real-time phase control system, and the problem of phase alignment is extremely important aspect the Practical Performance of evaluating system.
Implement the method for phase control, the first is calibrated respectively each part.For example, the length of control fiber path adopts absolute calibration; Adopt the position of sensor measurement antenna.For reaching required precision, above-mentioned the fiber lengths Calibration Method is verified in optical fibre interference.Other method is to carry out single phase alignment, eliminates above-mentioned all phase errors in a step, and this technology is called spatial redundancy calibration (RSC), allows to carry out in real time, and independently phase alignment can be applicable to any wavelength.RSC is applied in the radioastronomy, and it does not need to set up source model as a kind of real-time calibration algorithm in the process of calibration, does not also need extra hardware configuration and repeatability to calculate.The ultimate principle of RSC is: as shown in Figure 2, if the two pairs of antennas (i, j) with (k l) has identical vector space ij=kl, then the every pair of antenna record scene same Fourier component (u, v).If two measured value differences might be that equipment itself or environment have been introduced amount of distortion only then.This provides a method for a device, and promptly phase error can be discerned according to the characteristic of scene, does not need tectonic model, or supposes image in advance, and just it includes incoherent radiation on the space, and in the range of observation of far field.This method has been widely used in all kinds of passive synthesis aperture imaging systems that are operated in from the microwave to the light wave at present, has brought into play enormous function.
But this method requires designed array that enough redundancies must be arranged, thereby utilizes the resulting equation of these redundant informations, obtains the phase error of system by matrix operation at last and compensates.And the basic goal of synthetic aperture array optimization is to realize the redundancy of array, obtains the more frequency sampling point of relative redundancy array under the similarity condition, and u-v covers to obtain fully and uniformly, thereby obtains better image quality.The technology of utilizing the carrier wave interference interpretation of result to calculate the phase error of system proposed by the invention, for the structure of array and form without any specific (special) requirements, can better be used for passive synthesis aperture photon imaging phase compensation system.
Summary of the invention
Because phase error is very big to the image quality influence in the synthesis aperture image-forming system, and there is above-mentioned restriction in the RSC technology in application, the measurement of passive synthesis aperture photon imaging phase error and compensation method and system that the present invention proposes, be that the light signal after the electrooptical modulation of each passage is passed through optical fiber filter, obtain optical carrier, these optical-fibre channels finally form fiber array, this array obtains interference fringe by carrying out coherent imaging with another optical fiber light beam through dispersing that is positioned at array center.Through extracting the phase error information that image information and analytical calculation obtain each passage, finally realize the compensation of phase place by compensation system.
The present invention mainly utilizes the principle of the light carrier phase invariant in each passage after the modulation, adopts following technical scheme:
Invention proposes the measurement of passive synthesis aperture photon imaging phase error and compensation method and system's (array with following 6 antennas of 2-D situation is an example) as shown in Figure 1, its basic thought is: the light beam (coherent light) by the output of same laser instrument is modulated through the radiation signal that is received by each antenna respectively after the beam splitting, first order sideband has carried modulation signal in the signal after the modulation, and the phase place of light carrier does not change.Because the carrier phase after the modulation does not change, in order to extract the phase place of each passage, the utilization optical filtering technology obtains the carrier wave in the optical fiber, and form and identical but the fiber array that ratio is dwindled of aerial array originally, this fiber array is after expanding bundle and collimation, the reference beam interference of sending from same laser instrument with another bundle and utilizes the CCD camera to receive these result of interference mutually.Utilize the light carrier interference fringe of reference beam and each passage, can calculate the phase differential of reference beam and each passage.
In the ideal case, each phase difference between channels is zero, and reference beam has identical initial phase with the zone of each passage interference in Fig. 1, so aforesaid reference beam also should equate with the phase differential of each passage.Therefore, use above-mentioned principle, phase differential with some passages and reference beam is poor as the fixed phase of no phase error, the phase differential that rest channels and reference beam form and the difference of this fixed phase difference promptly are the phase error correction amounts of this passage that need return, proofread and correct by real-time fiber phase delay or tuner, equate with the phase differential of reference beam to realize all passages.By real-time phase correction and compensation, can realize the phase error that light signal causes in transmission, thereby finally improve contracting that first order sideband light signal forms than the image quality of fiber array when carrying out interference imaging.
In the present invention, system's various piece is described as follows:
(1) optical fibre light splitting device: the optical fibre light splitting device is used for light beam with laser instrument output through average demultiplexing, enters electrooptic modulator respectively as the carrier wave light beam, also has one the tunnel to enter the center of the round fiber array in the corrective system as the reference light beam.
(2) electro-optic modulation system: modulated laser is selected the wavelength that is fit to the ordinary optic fibre transmission for use, and can select output wavelength for use is the continuous wave laser of 1.3um or 1.5um, and Transmission Fibers adopts single-mode polarization maintaining fiber; For keeping the target phase difference information that signal comprised of any two receivers, adopt best modulation system (as phase modulation (PM), Modulation and Amplitude Modulation etc.), can select corresponding modulator for use according to the modulating frequency of system.
(3) carrier wave fiber array: the light beam after each channel modulation passes through Optical Fiber Transmission, utilize 1 * 2 photo-coupler or film filter to be divided into two-way, wherein one the tunnel obtain carrier signal through the fibre ribbon bandpass filter, the optical fiber of these transmission light carriers finally forms the circumference fiber array, and the center of circumference array is aforesaid reference beam.
(4) interference imaging and phase error computation: the interference imaging part mainly is the optical carrier interference imaging on CCD by reference beam and each passage, by analysis to interference fringe, can calculate the initial phase of each passage relative reference light beam, thereby can obtain the phase differential of each channel carrier, that is to say that phase place is shy.
(5) phase error compensation: to graphical analysis and the amount of phase error that calculates, can pass through the fiber phase deferred mount in real time, (PZT) compensated as the piezoelectric fibers delay winding, thereby proofreaies and correct the amount of phase error of fibre system in real time.
Main characteristic of the present invention: optical carrier useless in the passive synthesis aperture photon imaging system is used, by it is obtained he, the phase error of each passage with another reference beam interference imaging interpretation of result on circumference array, postpone to carry out the correction of phase error with bucking-out system by fiber phase.
Benefit of the present invention and application prospect: the application prospect of (1) this System and method for: because the RSC method requires array that certain redundancy must be arranged, the present invention proposes passes through to utilize optical carrier and reference beam interference imaging in the passive synthesis aperture photon imaging system, can analyze the phase error information that obtains each passage, finally can proofread and correct, for the phase correction of fibre-optic transmission system (FOTS) provides a kind of new effective way by phase delay and bucking-out system.(2) expand application: this method not only can be widely used in microwave, in the passive synthesis aperture photon imaging system of wave band such as millimeter wave and THz wave, also can be applicable to the phase correction of Optical Fiber Transmission in the active imaging system, and require the phase error in the consistent relatively system of phase place maintenance to measure and compensation in other multi-channel optical fibre transmission.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is light carrier circumference array of the present invention and reference beam interference imaging
Fig. 2 is redundant (RSC) system ultimate principle of proofreading and correct at interval
Fig. 3 utilizes 1 * 2 photo-coupler and optical fiber filter to obtain light carrier in the embodiment of the present invention
Fig. 4 obtains light carrier for utilizing optical thin film filter to separate in the embodiment of the present invention
Embodiment
Fig. 3 has shown the single channel fibre system structural drawing that utilizes 1 * 2 photo-coupler and optical fiber filter to obtain light carrier, and laser instrument 8 is selected the redPOWER of SPI company for use
TMThe SP-M-10-1550 fiber laser of series, being operated in 1550nm can be continuously or pulse mode work.For the passive synthesis aperture photon imaging system of a N unit, the output of laser instrument 8 is all assigned to luminous power in the fibre-optic transmission system (FOTS) of N road through 1 * N of standard single-mode optical-fibre coupler 9.Every road is input in the electrooptic modulator 11 through polarization maintaining optical fibre 10 respectively, and electrooptic modulator 11 is Covega Inc.Mach-40
TM027/066 M-Z optical waveguide LiNbO3 electro-optic phase modulator.The input 12 of modulation signal is the visual field radiation that receives from antenna.Light wave after the modulation is through phase delay and compensator 13---PZT, and the control signal of this PZT is the error correction signal 14 that obtains after measuring.Light beam after the modulation is through after 14, is divided into through standard 1 * 2 single-mode optical-fibre coupler being two-way again.Wherein one the tunnel through the fibre ribbon pass filter 17 of working on first order sideband, and the am signals 18 that obtains being similar to finally is used for interference imaging and obtains view field image.Another Lu Zejing is operated in the fibre ribbon pass filter 16 on the optical carrier frequency, obtains light carrier 1.1 identical among light carrier 1 and Fig. 1, as shown in fig. 1, the optical fiber formation circumference fiber array of the optical fiber of whole N road transmission carrier signals and the transmission reference carrier signal that another road is positioned at the center.The signal of all optical fiber connector output obtains parallel beam through expanding bundle with collimation lens 2.Wherein the reference carrier light beam also needs expand bundle through concavees lens 3 that play disperse function after 2, and the reference light carrier wave through expanding bundle and all the other N road directional light carrier waves 4 are interfered in the position at ccd detector 5.Ccd detector 5 obtains in the image 4 result of interference can obtain the phase differential of each passage and reference beam in 6 kinds of analytical calculations of signal processor, also is the amount of phase error of relative reference light beam.The output 7 of this error phase amount is ultimately fed back in the signal 14 among Fig. 3, PZT is carried out the delay and compensation control of phase place, realizes the compensation of phase place.
Fig. 4 obtains light carrier for utilizing optical thin film filter 19 to separate among the present invention, be that with the difference of above-mentioned embodiment the output of PZT has been divided into two-way through 15 in Fig. 3, and in Fig. 4, then adopt light carrier, upper side band and the lower sideband separate optical signals of the light signal after film filter 19 directly will be modulated, then the result of interference of light carrier is surveyed imaging and analysis with ccd detector.
Claims (4)
1. a synthesis aperture photon imaging phase error is measured and bucking-out system, it is characterized in that: described synthesis aperture photon imaging phase error is measured with bucking-out system and is comprised that light carrier extracts subsystem, carrier wave interference imaging subsystems and phase error and extracts and Compensation subsystem, and wherein said carrier wave interference imaging subsystems is made up of with collimating element and ccd detector fiber array, expansion bundle; Wherein each subsystem collaborative work, extract utilization optical fiber filter in the subsystem at light carrier and isolate each light carrier in each fiber-optic signal after electrooptical modulation, behind each light carrier incoming carrier interference imaging subsystem of gained, each optical fiber that is positioned at described each light carrier of transmission on the circumference is formed described fiber array with the optical fiber of a transmission reference light carrier wave that is positioned at circle center, wherein said each light carrier and reference light carrier wave are sent by same laser instrument, each light carrier that is positioned on the circumference is input to ccd detector through expanding bundle and collimation, after being expanded bundle, the reference light carrier wave that is positioned at circle center is input to ccd detector and described each light carrier interference imaging, the image that ccd detector obtains enters phase error in real time and extracts and Compensation subsystem, interference image extracts amount of phase error after by analysis, and is transferred to phase delay and compensator and carries out real-time phase and proofread and correct.
2. synthesis aperture photon imaging phase error according to claim 1 is measured and bucking-out system, it is to be positioned at carrier frequency by 1 * 2 fiber coupler and passband central frequency that described light carrier extracts subsystem, and the optical fiber filter that can effectively isolate carrier wave and not contain any modulation sideband, frequency is formed.
3. synthesis aperture photon imaging phase error according to claim 1 is measured and bucking-out system, and in the described carrier wave interference imaging subsystems, the perform region of ccd detector must comprise the carrier frequency wave band or at this wave band enough responsivenesses be arranged.
4. synthesis aperture photon imaging phase error according to claim 1 is measured and bucking-out system, described phase error is extracted and Compensation subsystem, is made up of image capture device, image-signal processor, Error Feedback transmission channel and phase delay and compensator; Image capture device is gathered the result of interference of ccd detector gained, handle the phase differential that computational analysis obtains each isolated light carrier and reference light carrier wave through image-signal processor, this phase differential, promptly compensation rate is transferred to the correction of carrying out phase error in described phase delay and the compensator.
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| CN102135610B (en) * | 2010-12-28 | 2013-03-06 | 中国航天科工集团第二研究院二○三所 | Near-field real-time calibration method for human body millimeter wave imaging safety inspection system |
| CN102937657B (en) * | 2012-11-06 | 2015-02-11 | 北京航空航天大学 | Real-time correction method and system for high-speed atomic force microscopic imaging |
| CN103558684B (en) * | 2013-07-18 | 2016-05-25 | 中国科学院国家天文台南京天文光学技术研究所 | Aperture synthesis high-resolution imaging mounting of telescope based on bright source |
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| CN106969845B (en) * | 2017-03-28 | 2019-05-31 | 南京理工大学 | The detection method and device of each light beam optical path difference of optical fibre matrix type point source generator |
| CN110068287B (en) * | 2019-04-24 | 2020-12-29 | 杭州光粒科技有限公司 | Phase correction method, phase correction device, computer device and computer-readable storage medium |
| CN110646090B (en) * | 2019-09-26 | 2021-08-24 | 中国科学院长春光学精密机械与物理研究所 | Internal error calibration compensation system and calibration compensation method for photon interference imaging system |
| CN111258081A (en) * | 2020-02-25 | 2020-06-09 | 中国科学院长春光学精密机械与物理研究所 | Optical system installation and adjustment method and device based on optical fiber interconnection |
| CN113009454B (en) * | 2021-03-08 | 2023-10-13 | 福建汇川物联网技术科技股份有限公司 | Laser ranging target and ranging method |
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| CN113281727B (en) * | 2021-06-02 | 2021-12-07 | 中国科学院声学研究所 | Output enhanced beam forming method and system based on horizontal line array |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20200350674A1 (en) * | 2017-11-07 | 2020-11-05 | Thales | Radiant-panel radio stimulation device |
| US11489253B2 (en) * | 2017-11-07 | 2022-11-01 | Thales | Radiant-panel radio stimulation device |
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