CN100554929C - A kind of quick measurement-infer method of soil cement intensity - Google Patents
A kind of quick measurement-infer method of soil cement intensity Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of quick measurement-the infer method and the applied mathematical model thereof of soil cement intensity.It is characterized in that, the soil cement raw material is made sample after, put into and press to steam still, curing in the mold under High Temperature High Pressure is to accelerate cement minerals aquation and cement and native pozzolanic reaction speed and hardening strength; Measure the intensity of sample then by pressure tester, the mathematical model formula that the sample intensity substitution that records is set up in advance again, thus infer out the normal intensity value of soil cement fast and accurately.Advantage of the present invention is, utilizes High Temperature High Pressure to accelerate cement minerals aquation and cement and native pozzolanic reaction principle, improved the setting rate and the hardening strength of soil cement fast, makes soil cement reach standard testing intensity fast; Simultaneously, utilize the mathematical model formula of setting up in advance, only with the normal intensity value of can accurately infer out soil cement in 3 hours 28 days and 90 days, and accuracy rate height, error are little.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of quick presuming method of civil material soil cement normal intensity.Specifically, the present invention relates to a kind of autoclave curing that utilizes and quicken the soil cement sclerosis, measure soil cement intensity fast, utilize the mathematical model formula of setting up in advance, infer out the method for soil cement normal intensity accurately, rapidly with this.
Background technology
In civil engineering, because the deep mixing method reinforcing soft ground, cement consumption is few, and the duration is shorter, and vibration and noise are less, cheap, so be extensive use of in construction work and road engineering.But because ground soil property classification is many, chemical constitution is different, particularly organic kind and content are very big to the soil cement intensity influence, the ground engineering difficult quality guarantee that soil cement is reinforced.After many engineerings design the soil cement match ratio routinely, do not reach designing requirement in the engineering construction, cause doing over again, incur loss through delay the duration, construction costs is improved.The intensity of soil cement with three months length of time intensity be standard, the test period is long, often can not in time adjust proportioning, causes the prolongation of construction period or unnecessary construction accident occurs.Therefore be extremely necessary to inferring fast of soil cement normal intensity.
At present, the presuming method of soil cement normal intensity is that early strength is inferred the later strength method.
Infer the normal intensity method as 7 days intensity.Major defect is that 7 days intensity of soil cement is too low, and relative error is big, and data discrete is also very big, and the data of this poor reliability can not guarantee to infer result's accuracy, thereby is difficult to satisfy the actual requirement of engineering.Intensity was inferred normal intensity in also useful 28 days, but the test period is oversize, was difficult in time adjust the test proportioning.The method of at present pile body being measured mainly contains: (1) dynamic measurement of pile: ultimate principle is to carry out vertical exciting at the pile body top, elastic wave is propagated downwards along pile body, the interface or the pile body sectional area variation portion that have obvious wave impedance difference at pile body, to produce reflection wave, through reception, amplification, filtering and data processing, can discern reflective information, calculate the pile body velocity of wave in view of the above, to judge the integrality of pile body from the pile body different parts.Obviously the dynamic measurement of pile detection speed is fast, and test is simple, and end bearing is anti-not to have shortcomings such as significant change, pile bottom reflection be not obvious with surrounding medium but exist, thereby dynamic measurement of pile is estimated pile quality and actual conditions there are differences.(2) portable penetrometer instrument feeler inspection method: this method is in pile 3d, the method that utilization portable penetrometer instrument detects pile body degree of uniformity in the every m of mixing pile, its investigation depth generally is no more than 4m, thereby can only compare detection accurately to the top pile quality, its measurement result lacks representative, and stake top has been passed through the spray ash of mixing pile construction machinery and has been stirred again, it is the best position of pile body moulding situation and strength of the mixing pile, the bottom of mixing pile is then because the grey resistance of spray increases, the influence factor that expect the cement delay of spout and operating personnel's operation easier strengthen or the like the aspect increases, make the difficulty of ensuring the quality of products strengthen, this method can not embody the especially situation of stake lower mass of mixing pile total quality.(3) the stake total length is got core and pile crown and is got core and detect: get core by the stake total length and come mixing uniformity, moulding situation in the qualitative examination stake length range, measurement result can reflect the total quality of mixing pile preferably, simultaneously get core at the pile crown position, carry out unconfined compression strength test, infer pile strength and vertical bearing capacity in view of the above.Because pile crown intensity is apparently higher than other parts, the unevenness of intensity in the long scope of stake, the compressive strength that makes pile crown get core can not be represented a bulk strength.(4) static test method: can determine pile quality qualitatively according to the size of pile bearing capacity, load the data that the back test draws, more approach under the effect of actual loading, the situation of change of composite foundation stress, strain, but have the shortcoming that the test duration is long, expense is higher, each engineering is inspected limited amount by random samples and the integrality of pile body can not be described.
In sum, existing soil cement intensity mensuration and presuming method or reliability existing problems, or test detects hysteresis, the prolongation engineering construction cycle.Therefore utilize the ultimate principle of fortified water earth aquation and pozzolanic reaction, it is extremely necessary inventing the novel detection method of soil cement intensity fast and setting up new normal intensity presuming method.
Summary of the invention
For the needs that satisfy soil cement engineering match ratio design and adjust, the present invention adopts the High Temperature High Pressure principle to promote hydrated cementitious and cement to study with native pozzolanic reaction know-why, and a kind of quick measurement-infer method of soil cement intensity is provided.The invention solves soil cement intensity test period in the prior art long, set the length of time soil cement intensity low, relative error big, with the shortcomings such as correlativity difference of soil cement later strength.Formulate the soil cement rapid assay methods and inferred the general formula of soil cement normal intensity.
Technical solution of the present invention is, raw material is made sample after, put into to press together with die trial and steam still, curing in the mold under the condition of 120-140 ℃ of temperature, 0.1-0.2MPa pressure is to accelerate cement minerals aquation and cement and native pozzolanic reaction speed; Measure the intensity of sample behind the taking-up sample by pressure tester; The mathematical model relational expression that the sample intensity substitution that records is set up is in advance calculated, thereby accurately inferred out the normal intensity value of soil cement; Described raw material can be: cement, Tu Heshui, perhaps cement, admixture, Tu Heshui.
The step that the described mathematical model formula of setting up is in advance set up is:
(1) intensity of mensuration autoclave curing: raw material is made sample, put into to press and steam still, the band mould carries out autoclave curing under the condition of 120-140 ℃ of temperature, 0.1-0.2MPa pressure, takes out sample is measured sample with pressure tester autoclave curing intensity then;
(2) intensity of bioassay standard maintenance: raw material is made sample, the standard temperature water of putting into 20 ℃ ± 1 ℃ carries out standard curing, the time of standard curing can decide according to designing requirement, measures the standard curing intensity of sample standard curing time then respectively with pressure tester;
(3) by data relationship one to one between above-mentioned 30 groups of above autoclave curing intensity and the standard curing intensity, adopt the method for least square method that every group of data are carried out statistical fit, correlativity between the mathematical model that the sample intensity of the different autoclave curing timings of simultaneous verification is set up and the sample intensity of standard curing timing, choose the best autoclave curing time, set up the mathematical modulo relationship type in view of the above:
Determine coefficient a, b value in the formula, in the formula
Be the normal intensity presumed value of sample, X is the mean value of sample autoclave curing intensity measurements;
Draw through a large amount of tests, sample is pressing the autoclave curing time of steaming curing in the mold in the still to be generally 2-5 hour, and the best autoclave curing time is 3 hours.As being designed to 28 days and 90 days the standard curing time, at this moment, the mathematical model relational expression between soil cement normal intensity presumed value and the autoclave curing intensity measurements is:
Raw material is the sample normal intensity presumed value of cement, soil and water:
Raw material is the sample normal intensity presumed value of cement, admixture, soil and water:
In the formula
----is 28 days normal intensity presumed value,
----is 90 days normal intensity presumed value, X
3h----is kPa for 3 hours average intensity value of autoclave curing, unit.
Finish on the basis of mathematical model, the present invention measures-infers the method for soil cement intensity fast and can be finished by following concrete grammar step:
(1) at normal temperatures, cement, soil and water or cement, admixture, Tu Heshui are prepared burden by a certain percentage, make uniform compound through stirring, evenly the back is standby to treat moisture transmission.
(2) with above-mentioned compound, add in the multi-joint die trial, vibration moulding is floating to the dense state, and the surface covers with iron plate, makes sample be in air-tight state.
(3) sample is put into pressure together with die trial and steam still, carry out curing in the mold, to quicken the pozzolanic reaction of hydrated cementitious and cement and soil.
(4) after pressure is steamed and finished, take out die trial, sample is taken out in the demoulding immediately.On pressure tester, measure the intensity of each soil cement sample immediately.
(5), thereby calculate the normal intensity presumed value of soil cement with the mean value substitution mathematical model relational expression of above-mentioned a plurality of soil cement sample intensity.
The present invention measures-infers the method for soil cement intensity fast and also can be finished by following method step:
(1) at normal temperatures, cement, soil and water or cement, admixture, soil and water are prepared burden by proper proportion, make uniform compound through stirring, standby about 30 minutes with plastic sheeting covering ageing.
(2) with above-mentioned compound, add and to be of a size of in the three joint-trial moulds of 3.16cm * 3.16cm * 5.00cm, be that 3000 times/min, amplitude are vibration moulding on the shaking table of 0.7mm in frequency, to dense state, the surface covers with iron plate, makes sample be in air-tight state.
(3) sample is put into pressure together with die trial and steam still, carry out curing in the mold, initial water temperature is 80-100 ℃ in the still kettle, heats to 120-140 ℃ by 5 ℃ of per minutes, and maintenance pressure is 0.1-0.2MPa, and temperature retention time is 3 hours.Be quickly cooled to normal pressure after pressing steaming, take out die trial.
(4) after die trial was taken out, sample was taken out in the demoulding immediately.On pressure tester, measure soil cement sample intensity immediately,, thereby calculate the presumption of strength value of soil cement then with the mean value substitution mathematical model relational expression of its sample intensity.
Admixture recited above is: ground slag or flyash or various powder gypsum, perhaps two kinds of compositions wherein.
Advantage of the present invention is, utilizes High Temperature High Pressure to accelerate the pozzolanic reaction principle of cement minerals aquation and cement and soil, improved the setting rate and the hardening strength of soil cement fast, makes soil cement reach standard testing intensity fast, and it is little to test relative error.Test period of the present invention is short, and measuring speed is efficient and convenient, utilizes the mathematical model formula of setting up in advance, can accurately infer the normal intensity of soil cement in 3 hours, and the accuracy rate height.
Embodiment
At first, set up the applied mathematical model formula of method that soil cement intensity was measured-inferred in utilization fast.
Draw through a large amount of tests, sample is 3 hours pressing the best autoclave curing time of steaming curing in the mold in the still.As being designed to 28 days and 90 days the standard curing time, in view of the above, the concrete steps that the mathematical model relational expression between soil cement normal intensity presumed value and the autoclave curing intensity measurements is set up are:
(1) measures the intensity of autoclave curing: cement, soil and water or cement, admixture, Tu Heshui are made sample, put into to press and steam still, the band mould carried out autoclave curing 3 hours under the condition of 120-140 ℃ of temperature, 0.1-0.2MPa pressure, took out sample is measured 3 hours samples with pressure tester autoclave curing intensity then;
(2) intensity of bioassay standard maintenance: cement, soil and water or cement, admixture, Tu Heshui are made sample, be divided into two groups, the standard temperature water of putting into 20 ℃ ± 1 ℃ simultaneously carries out standard curing, the time of one group of standard curing is 28 days, the time of another group standard curing is 90 days, is measured the standard curing intensity of 28 days samples and 90 days samples then respectively by pressure tester;
(3) by above-mentioned 30 groups of above tests, respectively according to data relationship one to one between autoclave curing intensity and the standard curing intensity, adopt the method for least square method that every group of data are carried out statistical fit, set up the mathematical model reduction formula between soil cement normal intensity presumed value and the autoclave curing intensity measurements in view of the above:
Raw material is that the mathematical model reduction formula of the sample normal intensity presumed value of cement, soil and water is:
Raw material is that the mathematical model reduction formula of the sample normal intensity presumed value of cement, admixture, soil and water is:
In the formula
----is 28 days normal intensity presumed value,
----is 90 days normal intensity presumed value, X
3h----is kPa for 3 hours average intensity value of autoclave curing, unit.
Above-mentioned mathematical model formula is applicable under the autoclave curing condition, measures-infer various soil cements fast 28 days and the method for 90 days normal intensities with 3 hours.
Mathematical model formula in view of the above, the concrete grammar step that the present invention measured-inferred soil cement intensity fast is as follows:
(1) at room temperature, cement, soil and water or cement, admixture, soil and water are prepared burden by proper proportion, make uniform compound through stirring, standby about 30 minutes with plastic sheeting covering ageing.
(2) with above-mentioned compound, adding and to be of a size of in the three joint-trial moulds of 3.16cm * 3.16cm * 5.00cm, is that 3000 times/min, amplitude are vibration moulding on the shaking table of 0.7mm in frequency, floating to the dense state, the surface covers with iron plate, makes sample be in air-tight state.
(3) will try body and die trial and put into still kettle jointly, and carry out curing in the mold, initial water temperature is 80-100 ℃ in the still kettle, heats to 120-140 ℃ by 5 ℃ of per minutes, and maintenance pressure is 0.1-0.2Mpa, and temperature retention time is 3 hours.Be quickly cooled to normal pressure after pressing steaming, take out die trial.
(4) after die trial was taken out, sample was taken out in the demoulding immediately.Do not have the intensity of measuring every sample on the confining pressure instrument at YSH-2 type rendzinas immediately, get its mean value--X
3h
(5) with X
3hThe above-mentioned mathematical model formula of substitution, thus calculate the presumed value of soil cement (cement, soil and water or cement, admixture, Tu Heshui) sample 28 days and 90 days normal intensities fast--
Admixture described in the above-mentioned steps (1) is ground slag or flyash or various powder gypsum, perhaps its two kinds of compositions.
In order to verify above-mentioned quick measurement-infer the method for soil cement intensity and the accuracy of applied mathematical model thereof, below the soil cement of different soil properties is tested, fully verified accuracy of the present invention and reliability.
Test 1:
Soil sample is the mud matter mild clay of Xiangshui County, Yancheng, Jiangsu Province, and cement uses PO 32.5 labels, and cement mixing content is 10% of a soil sample.Record X by said method
3hBe 1198kPa.And 28 days standard curing observed strengths are 1220kPa, and 90 days standard curing observed strengths are 1762kPa.Use formula
With
Inferring its 28 days intensity is 1215kPa, and 90 days intensity is 1829kPa, and its 28 days intensity relative errors are that 0%, 90 day intensity relative error is 4%.
Test 2:
Soil sample is the yellow clay of Binhai County, Yancheng, Jiangsu Province, and cement P032.5 label, cement mixing content are 22% of soil sample, X
3hBe 1189kPa, 28 days observed strengths are 1109kPa, and 90 days observed strengths are 1681kPa.Use formula
With
Inferring its 28 days intensity is 1205kPa, and 90 days intensity is 1814kPa, and its 28 days intensity relative errors are that 9%, 90 day intensity relative error is 8%.
Test 3:
Soil sample is the yellow clay of Binhai County, Yancheng, Jiangsu Province, cement PO 32.5 labels, and cement mixing content is 15% of a soil sample, and the ardealite volume is 2% of a soil sample, and doping quantity of fly ash is 8% of a soil sample, X
3hBe 2038kPa, 28 days observed strengths are 1955kPa, and 90 days observed strengths are 3069kPa.Use formula
With
Inferring its 28 days intensity is 2118kPa, and 90 days intensity is 3128kPa, and its 28 days intensity relative errors are that 8%, 90 day intensity relative error is 2%.
Test 4:
Soil sample is the mud matter mild clay of Xiangshui County, Yancheng, Jiangsu Province, cement PO 32.5 labels, and cement mixing content is 17% of a soil sample, and the ardealite volume is 1% of a soil sample, and doping quantity of fly ash is 2% of a soil sample, X
3hBe 1268kPa, 28 days observed strengths are 1400kPa, and 90 days observed strengths are 2060kPa.Use formula
With
Inferring its 28 days intensity is 1306kPa, and 90 days intensity is 1962kPa, and its 28 days intensity relative errors are that 7%, 90 day intensity relative error is 5%.
From above-mentioned 4 tests, proved absolutely that the present invention measures-infer the method for soil cement intensity and the accuracy and the reliability of applied mathematical model thereof fast.By the present invention, as long as the normal intensity value of just can accurately infer out soil cement in 3 hours 28 days and 90 days, and error is little, the accuracy rate height, thereby, in time adjust the match ratio of raw material in view of the above, reduced construction costs, guaranteed construction quality.
10003 2002.4
Claims (6)
1, a kind of quick measurement-infer method of soil cement intensity, it is characterized in that: after raw material is made sample, put into pressure together with die trial and steam still, curing in the mold under the condition of 120-140 ℃ of temperature, 0.1-0.2MPa pressure is to accelerate the pozzolanic reaction speed of cement minerals aquation and cement and soil; Measure the intensity of sample behind the taking-up sample by pressure tester; The mathematical model relational expression that the sample intensity substitution that records is set up is in advance calculated, thereby accurately inferred out the normal intensity value of soil cement; Described raw material can be: cement, Tu Heshui, perhaps cement, admixture, Tu Heshui; The step that the described mathematical model relational expression of setting up is in advance set up is:
(1) intensity of mensuration autoclave curing: raw material is made sample, put into to press and steam still, the band mould carries out autoclave curing under the condition of 120-140 ℃ of temperature, 0.1-0.2MPa pressure, takes out sample is measured sample with pressure tester autoclave curing intensity then;
(2) intensity of bioassay standard maintenance: raw material is made sample, the standard temperature water of putting into 20 ℃ ± 1 ℃ carries out standard curing, the time of standard curing can decide according to designing requirement, measures the standard curing intensity of sample standard curing time then respectively with pressure tester;
(3) by data relationship one to one between above-mentioned 30 groups of above autoclave curing intensity and the standard curing intensity, adopt the method for least square method that every group of data are carried out statistical fit, correlativity between the mathematical model that the sample intensity of the different autoclave curing timings of simultaneous verification is set up and the sample intensity of standard curing timing, choose the best autoclave curing time, set up the mathematical model relational expression in view of the above:
Determine coefficient a, b value in the formula, in the formula
Be the normal intensity presumed value of sample, X is the mean value of sample autoclave curing intensity measurements.
2, a kind of quick measurement as claimed in claim 1-infer the method for soil cement intensity is characterized in that: sample is 2-5 hour pressing the autoclave curing time of steaming curing in the mold in the still.
3, a kind of quick measurement as claimed in claim 1-infer the method for soil cement intensity is characterized in that: sample is 3 hours pressing the best autoclave curing time of steaming curing in the mold in the still; The standard curing time set is 28 days and 90 days, and at this moment, the mathematical model relational expression between soil cement normal intensity presumed value and the autoclave curing intensity measurements is:
Raw material is the sample normal intensity presumed value of cement, soil and water:
Raw material is the sample normal intensity presumed value of cement, admixture, soil and water:
In the formula
----is 28 days normal intensity presumed value,
----is 90 days normal intensity presumed value, X
3b----is kPa for 3 hours average intensity value of autoclave curing, unit.
4, quick measurement according to claim 1-infer the method for soil cement intensity is characterized in that being finished by following method step:
(1) at normal temperatures, cement, soil and water or cement, admixture, Tu Heshui are prepared burden by a certain percentage, make uniform compound through stirring, evenly the back is standby to treat moisture transmission;
(2) with above-mentioned compound, add in the multi-joint die trial, vibration moulding is floating to the dense state, and the surface covers with iron plate, makes sample be in air-tight state;
(3) sample is put into pressure together with die trial and steam still, carry out curing in the mold, to quicken the pozzolanic reaction of hydrated cementitious and cement and soil;
(4) after pressure is steamed and finished, take out die trial, sample is taken out in the demoulding immediately; On pressure tester, measure the intensity of each soil cement sample immediately;
(5), thereby calculate the normal intensity presumed value of soil cement with the mean value substitution mathematical model relational expression of above-mentioned a plurality of soil cement sample intensity.
5, a kind of quick measurement according to claim 1-infer the method for soil cement intensity is characterized in that being finished by following method step:
(1) at normal temperatures, cement, soil and water or cement, admixture, Tu Heshui are prepared burden by a certain percentage, make uniform compound through stirring, it is standby about 30 minutes to cover ageing with plastic sheeting;
(2) with above-mentioned compound, add in the three joint-trial moulds, be that 3000 times/min, amplitude are vibration moulding on the shaking table of 0.7mm in frequency, to dense state, the surface covers with iron plate, makes sample be in air-tight state;
(3) sample is put into pressure together with die trial and steam still, carry out curing in the mold, initial water temperature is 80-100 ℃ in the still kettle, heats to 120-140 ℃ by 5 ℃ of per minutes, and maintenance pressure is 0.1-0.2Mpa, and temperature retention time is 3 hours; Be quickly cooled to normal pressure after pressing steaming, take out die trial;
(4) after die trial was taken out, sample was taken out in the demoulding immediately; On pressure tester, measure soil cement sample intensity immediately,, thereby calculate the presumption of strength value of soil cement then with the mean value substitution mathematical model relational expression of its sample intensity.
6, a kind of quick measurement according to claim 1-infer the method for soil cement intensity is characterized in that: described admixture is ground slag or flyash or various powder gypsum, perhaps two kinds composition wherein.
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| CN102581923A (en) * | 2012-02-28 | 2012-07-18 | 淄博市新材料研究所 | Sample forming method for detecting phosphate castable or plastic refractory |
| CN102980819B (en) * | 2012-10-30 | 2015-12-16 | 上海交通大学 | The method of cement mixing soil intensity is detected with hardness test |
| CN103472213B (en) * | 2013-09-27 | 2015-03-18 | 东南大学 | Method for measuring strength of cementing materials |
| CN103983760B (en) * | 2014-05-30 | 2016-04-13 | 福建南方路面机械有限公司 | Based on the concrete-agitating performance prediction method of least square method supporting vector machine |
| CN109738286A (en) * | 2019-01-10 | 2019-05-10 | 山东科技大学 | Band mould rush coagulates steam-cured method quick predict masonry mortar strength test device and method |
| CN111413178A (en) * | 2020-05-25 | 2020-07-14 | 中国十七冶集团有限公司 | Method for rapidly measuring concrete strength |
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