CN100545864C - Cylinder frame buffer texture re-labeling geometric correction method based on software - Google Patents
Cylinder frame buffer texture re-labeling geometric correction method based on software Download PDFInfo
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- CN100545864C CN100545864C CNB2007100509172A CN200710050917A CN100545864C CN 100545864 C CN100545864 C CN 100545864C CN B2007100509172 A CNB2007100509172 A CN B2007100509172A CN 200710050917 A CN200710050917 A CN 200710050917A CN 100545864 C CN100545864 C CN 100545864C
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- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 10
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- 238000005094 computer simulation Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000010606 normalization Methods 0.000 description 4
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Abstract
Cylinder frame buffer texture re-labeling geometric correction method based on software belongs to the Computer Simulation category.To specific projection nucleus curtain, virtual a series of level line and perpendicular line, form contour vertical grid by level line and perpendicular line quadrature, project on the display plane by calculating the grid that quadrature is formed, this is the position of frame buffer correspondence, again by Projection Display, contour vertical grid is being pulled into contour vertical on the real visual effect on the projection screen, obtain taking out after the relative displacement value image in the frame buffer, carry out texture with the contour vertical grid that newly obtains.Comprise that single channel distributes pre-service; Contour vertical grid generates; Manual adjustment is preserved grid data; Utilize the grid data newly obtain that every frame data are carried out texture several steps such as pinup picture again.The present invention utilizes software to solve the image fault problem of on-plane surface continuing surface, need not increase new hardware, and is with low cost, simple to operate, has a extensive future.
Description
Affiliated technical field
The invention belongs to the analog simulation category of Computer Applied Technology, relate to the solution of the pattern distortion that the image geometry distortion of projection continuing surface causes, specifically be based on the cylinder frame buffer texture re-labeling geometric correction method of software.
Background technology
In the large scene analog simulation, be the method that generally adopts in the world in recent years with on-plane surface continuing surface Projection Display large scene, but the piecture geometry fault problem of bringing therefrom tend to cause the serious distortion of image.Generally adopting the geometry correction technology to solve this problem in the world, is main but traditional geometric correction method mainly relies on hardware, and cost is higher and once adjust time-consuming longer.Channel charge is pressed in the capable quotation at home of big scape, and each passage is not less than 60,000 yuans, about 30 minutes of correction time of single channel.Bacro company proofreaies and correct product by its series and realizes proofreading and correct, and its groundwork mode is by particular device emission laser dot-matrix, cooperates other instruments in its series of products to proofread and correct then.Its calibration result is good, but equipment uses complexity, and only proofreaies and correct at the projector equipment of oneself.
Summary of the invention
The method that the purpose of this invention is to provide the pattern distortion problem that a kind of geometry deformation that utilizes software to proofread and correct on-plane surface continuing surface Projection Display large scene causes.This method does not need additional firmware, and is with low cost, simple to operation.
The objective of the invention is to reach like this; A kind of cylinder frame buffer texture re-labeling geometric correction method based on software is characterized in that: for specific projection nucleus curtain, virtual a series of level line and perpendicular line form contour vertical grid by level line and perpendicular line quadrature; Project on the display plane position of contour vertical grid correspondence in frame buffer that Here it is by calculating the grid that quadrature is formed; Again by Projection Display, contour vertical grid pulling into contour vertical on the real visual effect on the projection screen, is obtained the relative displacement value; Take out the image in the frame buffer, carry out texture with the contour vertical grid that newly obtains.
Concrete aligning step comprises:
Single channel distributes pre-service;
Calculate the relative position of contour vertical grid in frame buffer, and in frame buffer, generate contour vertical grid;
Manual adjustment is preserved grid data;
Utilize the grid data that newly obtains that every frame data are carried out texture pinup picture again.
Describedly in frame buffer, generate contour vertical grid, be that the image that will be placed in the frame buffer carries out normalized, fictionalize some level lines and perpendicular line then, and generate contour vertical grid in frame buffer, the size of grid number purpose set basis visual angle angle is determined.
Calculate the relative position of contour vertical grid in frame buffer, determine earlier that then grid is in level and vertical direction angle, and the conversion that defines this space, two the angle places matrix that element constitutes that obtains having living space, utilize a series of intersection points after the grid segmentation in frame buffer, to sketch the contours of the frame buffer correspondence of contour vertical grid, calculate the relative position of contour vertical grid in frame buffer.
Described single channel distributes pre-service to be meant in the hyperchannel display system, determine in the hyperchannel that according to the various restrictions of system and configuration each single channel institute must satisfied restrictive condition, comprise resolution, rectangle ratio, number of active lanes, passage fusion ratio, the upward angle of visibility number of degrees.
Described manual adjustment is preserved grid data and is meant that ring is behind the scenes to be proofreaied and correct the distortion of grid when grid projects to: comprising: set a datum line and a reference point on grid, carry out the keystone of a part or whole part then; Carry out curvature correction; Separately certain root line is proofreaied and correct separately; To certain some pulling, change its coordinate position separately.
The grid data that described utilization newly obtains to every frame data carry out texture again pinup picture be meant the texture of the image in computing machine GPU frame buffer being regarded as an integral body, and it is cut apart again, standard is carried out pinup picture to the texture after cutting apart according to schedule.
The size of described grid number purpose set basis visual angle angle determines, when the system level visual angle is 40 when spending, the grid number is 20 * 20 lattice.
The present invention has following good effect: under the condition of disobeying outer hardware, reach the purpose of geometry correction by the frame buffer of process computer video card, effect is very remarkable, and simple to operate easily.With the hardware corrected method of existing employing relatively, saved a large amount of hardware costs, proofreaies and correct with low costly, be convenient to popularization.Can be widely used in the large scene analog simulation, have a extensive future.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a bearing calibration process flow diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the manual adjustment operation interface.
Fig. 3 is the image before proofreading and correct.
Fig. 4 is the image after proofreading and correct by method of the present invention.
Embodiment
Accompanying drawing has provided a specific embodiment of the present invention.
The present invention is for specific projection continuing surface (projection screen), and virtual a series of level line and perpendicular line form grid by level line and perpendicular line quadrature then, claims that this grid is contour vertical grid.Project on the display plane (closely cutting out face) position of contour vertical grid correspondence in frame buffer that Here it is by calculating the grid that quadrature is formed.Then by Projection Display, contour vertical grid pulling into contour vertical on the real visual effect on the projection screen, is obtained the relative displacement value.Take out the image in the frame buffer, carry out texture with the contour vertical grid that newly obtains and heavily paste.
The heavy pinup picture of texture has been considered the geometrical property of projection continuing surface, be actually the on-plane surface projection when having considered to cut out on the plane, the mode of cutting out of the projection of adopting when saying at computer generated image has just projected to a plane with the element in the view frustums, and demonstration can be understood as the reproduction of this view frustums on the projection continuing surface, great deviation will occur if reappear on nonplanar continuing surface.Utilize method of the present invention to change its projecting plane, thereby finished correct correction.
Trimming process is carried out according to program circuit.
Carry out single channel and distribute pre-service:
Select 1400 * 1050 as single channel system resolution.Determine that adjacency channel in the integral level visual field has 10% halved belt to be used for the edge and merges.For the adjustment of visual effect, system provides upward angle of visibility number of degrees
Restrictive condition is summarized as follows:
1). resolution: 1400 * 1050
2). rectangle ratio: 4/3
3). number of active lanes: 5
4). passage merges ratio 0.1
The upward angle of visibility number of degrees are
Calculating be: the first step, calculate the horizontal field of view width of each passage.If each horizontal field of view width is θ.Following equation is arranged so:
5*θ-4*0.1*θ=π
Can obtain the horizontal field of view value range of each passage after solving an equation: θ=39.13 (degree)
Second goes on foot, and calculates the vertical visual field width of each passage.The range normalization of virtual projection being put the virtual projection mid point is 1.Can calculate horizontal width w in this case so:
w=2*tan(θ/2)
Because screen resolution is 1400 * 1050, is 4: 3 so can obtain screen aspect ratio.So highly:
h/w=3/4
Can obtain highly be:
h=(3/2)*tan(θ/2)
Can obtain the number of degrees β of vertical visual field by height and normalized prerequisite.At first according to the upward angle of visibility number of degrees of system specialization
And subpoint calculates by the length h of horizontal viewpoint to upper angle to the radius length R at edge
u:
R=1/cos(θ/2)
Deduct upper angle height h according to the height h that limits
uCan obtain the remaining height h in bottom
dBy equation:
Can obtain
Be the lower angle number of degrees, obtain the total number of degrees of vertical visual field.
But the number of degrees that obtain not are four deviation angles, because the ring curtain, upper angle and lower angle all are the deviation angles at the projecting edge place, are not definite angle of view frustums.In order also to need to recomputate the skew of lower angle at the deviation angle of setting view frustums.This angle can be regarded the angle of the corresponding point of line mid point on the projection virtual plane of and minimum point contour point the highest with projecting edge on ring curtain in fact as.By the radius that calculated just now with highly can obtain this angle γ up and down
uAnd γ
dSolve by following equation:
Tan (γ
x)=h
x/ R is x=u wherein, d
So far two angular deflection amounts have up and down been obtained, wherein
Be used for the generation of contour vertical grid, γ
xBe used for the setting of passage view frustums.
Carry out the generation of contour grid:
For the generation of contour vertical grid, its algorithm adopts equal angles to decompose.Decompose like this to be based on and simulate a cluster sight line circular cone that sends from subpoint, when subpoint was an independent subpoint that is placed on the axis, the intersection of so coaxial periphery and sight line circular cone was the level line on the cylinder.For projector, projector is thrown in the vertical pixel point on the ring curtain Far Left and rightmost two lines less than being offset.These two lines just in time are the intersection of virtual projection plane and actual rings curtain.Two are gone up lower angle also just in time is the angle that is in the sight line cone generatrices same level face when the sight line cone intersects with the highest minimum point on the central point.The total amount that total amount of decomposing according to level angle and vertical direction are decomposed promptly goes up the lower angle sum and carries out the angle decomposition.At first the picture size in the frame buffer is carried out normalization.That is to say that image is regarded as length and width is 1 standard square.The size that the grid number purpose is set the same level number of degrees has certain relation.Show that by campaign the number of degrees that each grid covers are not more than 3 when spending, the distance of vision outside 2m can not be distinguished straight line and camber line difference.The horizontal number of degrees of single channel that adopt for present stage are no more than the system of 40 degree in general, and 20 * 20 grid can satisfy the demand that vision can not be discovered, and also can not cause overcharge to pinup picture simultaneously.
The relative position of contour vertical grid in frame buffer is calculated as: establishing grid is a * a size (wherein a is a positive integer), and the angle of level and the every step-length of vertical direction is:
At first define a conversion between following two spaces and this two spaces:
Definition 1: space
By the point on the projection cylinder is formed, if
α is on the projection column curtain so, and α=(η, λ), wherein η is the angle that intersection passes through the coaxial circles cone generatrices same level face of this point, λ be on the symmetrical single channel projection umbrella cover this point with the angle of center line (in a clockwise direction for just).
Definition 2: space
If
So its correspondence certain point on the image of the unit's of being normalized to rectangle in the frame buffer.
A, the line of b passes through subpoint; There is inverse operation T for T
-1, TT
-1=I.
If
Wherein 0≤i≤20,0≤j≤20 obtain one by the space
The matrix A that middle element constitutes is carried out the T conversion to all elements in the matrix A and is obtained the space
In the matrix B formed of element, the pixel projection of the element correspondence of going together among the B should be contour after to the post curtain.
Finish the reckoning of T conversion below: as mentioned the narration radius R that obtained under the normalization situation ring curtain for
A=(η, λ).Can obtain so that the x value of element b is behind the T: 1/2+ (1/ (2*tan (θ/2))) * tan (λ) through changing.
In order to determine the y value of b.After at first defining its level point position and ought highly being normalized to [0,1] (nadir is 0, and peak is 1), its numerical value:
p=|h
d|/|h
d+h
u|
Calculating above same the utilization can obtain under the normalizing condition, line in the plane after the projection from subpoint to the line isospace
The distance of the projection of intersection point to the plane:
Utilize the η value can determine to be d*tan (η), and the overall height after the normalization is in the skew of vertical direction | h
d+ h
u|/w obtains normalizing side-play amount q with side-play amount after than last height.By top p, q has obtained the y value and has been: p+q.
Specializing conversion T is:
p=|h
d|/|h
d+h
u|
With following false code finish conversion (establish function convert (a b) finishes conversion T as defined above):
For(i=0;i<=20;i++)
For(j=0;j<=20;j++)
Stored among the b for the conversion after normalized pixel position, colleague's pixel should be contour post curtain upslide movie queen as previously mentioned.B is duplicated to two variable pGrid, pTexGrid simultaneously.PGrid represents the mesh coordinate that will adjust, and the coordinate of storing among the pTexGrid for every pairing four points of texture before not have to adjust, and just is used to cut apart the coordinate of texture use.In grid was adjusted, what changed only was coordinate point value among the pGrid, is mapped to again in the determined new space of pGird with corresponding adjacent 4 textures definite in pTexGrid then.
Manual adjustment, preservation grid: ring is behind the scenes need be proofreaied and correct the distortion of grid when grid projects to.The present invention has worked out grid and has adjusted software interface, and manual adjustment is preserved grid data.
Manual adjustment is included in sets a datum line on the grid, carry out the keystone of a part or whole part, comprises and carries out curvature correction; Separately certain root line is proofreaied and correct separately; To certain some pulling, change its coordinate position separately.
The grid adjustment is provided with the mesh parameter setting on the interface, comprising: list screen horizontal grid number, single screen vertical grid number, the visual field, visual field overall width, the visual field, visual field overall height, list shield horizontal resolution, single screen vertical resolution, imbricate district ratio, overlay region grid number, projected channel total number, the visual field downwards angle of visibility number of degrees, divide grid, the corresponding downwards angle of visibility number of degrees etc. based on the visual field.
Texture heavily pastes: utilize the grid data that newly obtains that every frame data are carried out texture pinup picture again.By the pinup picture again of frame buffer texture, enforcement that could be complete is proofreaied and correct, and it is the final step of alignment technique.
The heavy pinup picture of frame buffer texture is a texture of the image in computing machine GPU frame buffer being regarded as an integral body, and it is cut apart again, the texture after cutting apart is carried out the technology of pinup picture according to certain standard.
Screen is that the array of pixels of a rectangle is formed, and each pixel can show the small square of certain color on certain point of image.In rasterization stage (comprising texture and mist) afterwards.Data are pixels no longer just, but become segment.Each segment all has the coordinate data corresponding with pixel, and the color depth value.Each segment all will be carried out a series of test and operation then.
Texture is exactly the data array of rectangle.For example, color data, brightness data, color and alpha data.Single value in the texture array usually is called texture cell (texel).Texture mapping allows to paste on a sub-picture to a polygon, and entire image is drawn as single polygon.Texture mapping can guarantee that when this polygon carried out conversion and plays up, the image that is mapped on the polygon also can show correct behavior.
By to the image behind the pinup picture again of texture in the frame buffer, project on the ring curtain and become a correct images that does not have geometry deformation, this image has guaranteed that it is right-on that the point from the ring curtain axis is observed the image on the ring curtain, and this image also is that two geometrical registrations between the passage screen have been prepared condition simultaneously.Owing between the passage certain angular cross is arranged, and grid decomposes according to angle, so the angle that is comprised in the same mesh is same.Like this, on the basis of single channel image, adjacent single channel image is as long as overlap at the contours of water table, and in conjunction with correct fusion angle, the geometrical registration of image is exactly correct.
Claims (4)
1, a kind of cylinder frame buffer texture re-labeling geometric correction method based on software is characterized in that: for specific projection nucleus curtain, concrete aligning step comprises:
Single channel distributes pre-service; Virtual a series of level line and perpendicular line form contour vertical grid by level line and perpendicular line quadrature;
Project on the display plane by calculating the grid that quadrature is formed, calculate the relative position of contour vertical grid in frame buffer that projects on the display plane, and in frame buffer the contour vertical grid in the delta frame buffer memory;
Manual adjustment by Projection Display, at the contour vertical grid that pulls on the projection screen on the real visual effect, obtains the relative displacement value with the contour vertical grid in the frame buffer; Preserve the grid data that newly obtains;
Take out the image in the frame buffer, utilize the grid data that newly obtains that every frame data are carried out texture pinup picture again;
Described in frame buffer the contour vertical grid in the delta frame buffer memory, be that the image that will be placed in the frame buffer carries out normalized, fictionalize some level lines and perpendicular line then, the size of grid number purpose set basis visual angle angle is determined;
Described calculating projects to the relative position of contour vertical grid in frame buffer on the display plane, determine earlier that then grid is in level and vertical direction angle, and the conversion that defines this space, two angle places obtains the matrix that is made of the space element, utilizes a series of intersection points after the grid segmentation to sketch the contours of the frame buffer correspondence of the contour vertical grid that projects on the display plane in frame buffer.
2, bearing calibration as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: described single channel distributes pre-service to be meant in the hyperchannel display system, determine in the hyperchannel that according to the various restrictions of system and configuration each single channel institute must satisfied parameter, described restriction comprises resolution, rectangle ratio, number of active lanes, passage fusion ratio, the upward angle of visibility number of degrees.
3, bearing calibration as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: described manual adjustment, preserve the grid data that newly obtains and be meant that ring is behind the scenes to be proofreaied and correct the distortion of grid when grid projects to: comprising: on grid, set a datum line and a reference point, carry out the keystone of a part or whole part then; On grid, set a datum line, carry out curvature correction; Separately certain root line is proofreaied and correct separately; To certain some pulling, change its coordinate position separately.
4, bearing calibration as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: the size of described grid number purpose set basis visual angle angle determines, when the system level visual angle is 40 when spending, the grid number is 20 * 20 lattice.
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CN102469249B (en) * | 2010-11-04 | 2016-06-01 | 晨星软件研发(深圳)有限公司 | Image correcting method and image correcting device |
CN102014259B (en) * | 2010-11-17 | 2013-01-09 | 杭州华泰医疗科技有限公司 | Projective texture mapping-based oblique projection distortion correction method |
CN104933942A (en) * | 2015-01-22 | 2015-09-23 | 中国石油技术开发公司 | Ring screen projection system of land drilling rig installation operation simulation system, and image processing method thereof |
CN104880893A (en) * | 2015-06-23 | 2015-09-02 | 上海恒润数字科技有限公司 | Method for correcting image distortion in circular-screen movie theatre projection process |
CN106604003B (en) * | 2016-11-10 | 2020-09-22 | 深圳市Tcl高新技术开发有限公司 | Method and system for realizing curved-surface curtain projection through short-focus projection |
CN106780642B (en) * | 2016-11-15 | 2020-07-10 | 网易(杭州)网络有限公司 | Generation method and device of camouflage cover map |
EP3591609B1 (en) | 2017-03-02 | 2023-11-29 | Arashi Vision Inc. | Horizontal calibration method and system for panoramic image or video, and portable terminal |
CN110300292B (en) * | 2018-03-22 | 2021-11-19 | 深圳光峰科技股份有限公司 | Projection distortion correction method, device, system and storage medium |
CN110084785B (en) * | 2019-04-01 | 2020-12-08 | 南京工程学院 | Power transmission line vertical arc measuring method and system based on aerial images |
CN113222943B (en) * | 2021-05-18 | 2022-05-03 | 宁波智能装备研究院有限公司 | Image deformation estimation method based on mixed grid transformation model |
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