CN100545620C - The method of testing that is used for portable elevator speed limiter testing device - Google Patents

The method of testing that is used for portable elevator speed limiter testing device Download PDF

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Publication number
CN100545620C
CN100545620C CNB2006100394386A CN200610039438A CN100545620C CN 100545620 C CN100545620 C CN 100545620C CN B2006100394386 A CNB2006100394386 A CN B2006100394386A CN 200610039438 A CN200610039438 A CN 200610039438A CN 100545620 C CN100545620 C CN 100545620C
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speed
limiter
wheel disc
wheel
signal
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CN1828256A (en
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万莅新
李锋
何友春
江生
尚淮
黄亚凡
龙飞
伍先达
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ANHUI ZHONGKE INTELLIGENT HI-TECH Co Ltd
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ANHUI ZHONGKE INTELLIGENT HI-TECH Co Ltd
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Abstract

The method of testing that is used for portable elevator speed limiter testing device adopts photoelectric encoder is set on speed limiter testing device, and its axle is gone up fifth wheel is installed, and fifth wheel is pressed on the limiter of speed wheel disc outer rim, and fifth wheel rotates with the limiter of speed wheel disc; Both-end output drive motor is set, is fixedly equipped with the driving wheel that is pressed on the limiter of speed wheel disc periphery on the end output shaft, on the other end output shaft encoder sensor is installed; Its method of testing is limiter of speed wheel disc rotational line rate signal and real-time demonstration that the single-chip microcomputer signal processing unit received and handled photoelectric encoder output, reception is exported direct-drive motor required variable voltage control drive signal through single-chip computer control system to the rectification driver module by the feedback speed signal that is used for motor PID closed-loop control of encoder sensor output.Be used for that the method for testing of portable elevator speed limiter testing device on-the-spot is used, measurement result accurately and reliably, easy for installation.

Description

The method of testing that is used for portable elevator speed limiter testing device
Technical field:
The present invention relates to elevator safety and detect, particularly be used for the method for testing of portable elevator speed limiter testing device.
Background technology:
Limiter of speed is important safety parts of elevator, reach the velocity range of regulation when the car overspeed after, by limiter of speed action earlier, restart safety tongs, car is clamped on the guide rail, thereby realizes reliable safeguard protection.Therefore, the scene of limiter of speed is detected, and then is the essential items for inspection concerning personal safety for using old elevator for many years especially.
Before this, the on-the-spot test of limiter of speed can only be measured with tachometer gage, owing to there is not Power Drive Unit, can only adopts manual type or adopt a traction rope, and the manpower traction drives limiter of speed wheel disc spins, until its action.Documents (JP9278308A) discloses a kind of portable elevator speed limiter testing device, this proving installation comprises the velocity test part, drive motor, the limiter of speed wheel disc, the velocity test part is measured the rotating speed of limiter of speed wheel disc by fifth wheel, fifth wheel is pressed on the outer rim of limiter of speed wheel disc and follows rotation, driving wheel on the drive motor output shaft on the fixedly connected periphery that is pressed over the limiter of speed wheel disc, the limiter of speed wheel disc rotates with driving wheel, the tach signal of the limiter of speed wheel disc that velocity test partly receives is handled by the expression part and is shown in real time, comparator circuit receives the tach signal of the limiter of speed wheel disc that is partly recorded by velocity test, and make comparisons with the rate signal that part takes place speed, to adjust the signal of giving motor-drive circuit, motor-drive circuit carries out Voltage Feedback to drive motor.The velocity information that this limiter of speed speed test section obtains is both as the input information of electric machine speed regulation, detection as limiter of speed wheel disc rotational line speed shows numerical value again, be that the speed detection has only 1 passage, because velocity feedback information is different with the sense cycle and the precision that detect information requirements, thus the stability and the measuring accuracy of the operation of restriction complete machine.
Summary of the invention:
The present invention is for fear of above-mentioned existing in prior technology weak point, provide a kind of can on-the-spot use, have photoelectric encoder and motor-driven PID closed-loop control, power supply method of testing terraced safety detection, that be used for portable elevator speed limiter testing device.
The technical scheme that technical solution problem of the present invention is adopted is:
This method adopts portable elevator speed limiter testing device, comprise photoelectric encoder, drive motor, limiter of speed wheel disc, described drive motor is both-end output, wherein be fixedly connected with the driving wheel on the periphery that is pressed over the limiter of speed wheel disc on the end output shaft, described limiter of speed wheel disc rotates with driving wheel, it is characterized in that: described photoelectric encoder, the fifth wheel of periphery annular knurl is installed on it, described fifth wheel is pressed on the outer rim of described limiter of speed wheel disc and follows rotation; On the other end output shaft of described drive motor encoder sensor is set;
The single-chip microcomputer signal processing unit is set, receives and handle the limiter of speed wheel disc rotational line rate signal of described photoelectric encoder output and show that in real time reception is by the feedback speed signal that is used for drive motor PID closed-loop control of described encoder sensor output.
Described drive motor is a direct current generator, described fifth wheel is made by metal material, described driving wheel is that elastomeric material is made, described encoder sensor is made up of code-disc, corresponding optoelectronic switch and the change-over circuit that is provided with, code-disc in the described encoder sensor is made by metal material, and thickness is that 1~3mm, edge five equilibrium are divided into odontoid.
Described signal processing unit comprises detecting signal unit, photoelectric switching circuit, single-chip computer control system, D/A switching control system and keyboard;
Wherein, described detecting signal unit is exported two paths of signals by sensor, and encoder sensor signal S1 connects 5,6 pin of Sheffer stroke gate U2B; Photoelectric encoder signal S2 connects 1,2 pin of Sheffer stroke gate U2A;
Photoelectric switching circuit is made up of Sheffer stroke gate U2, photoelectrical coupler U3 and resistance R 8, R9, R10, R11; Signal connects 2,6 pin of photoelectrical coupler U3 respectively by 3 pin of Sheffer stroke gate U2A, 4 pin of U2B, 9,10 pin that connect 12 pin, 13 pin and the U2C of Sheffer stroke gate U2D again by 12,16 pin of photoelectrical coupler U3 respectively, 1 pin of photoelectrical coupler U3,5 pin are by resistance R 8, R10 connection+12V, and 12 pin of photoelectrical coupler U3,16 pin are by resistance R 9, R11 connection+5V power supply; Output to single-chip microcomputer U5 by 8 pin of Sheffer stroke gate U2C, 11 pin of U2D;
Single-chip computer control system is made up of single-chip microcomputer U5, capacitor C 1, capacitor C 2 and clock oscillation circuit X1; 12,13 pin of single-chip microcomputer U5 connect 8 pin of Sheffer stroke gate U2C, 11 pin of U2D respectively, 3,4,5 pin of single-chip microcomputer U5 connect the display part, 1,2,32,33,34,35,36,37,38,39 pin of single-chip microcomputer U5 connect printing portion, and 6,7,8 pin of single-chip microcomputer U5 connect D/A converter U1;
The D/A switching control system is made up of D/A converter U1 and amplifier U4; 1,2,3 pin of D/A converter U1 connect 8,7,6 pin of single-chip microcomputer U5 respectively, the 6 pin connection+2.5V of D/A converter U1,7 pin of D/A converter U1 connect 3 pin of amplifier U4, the 8 pin connection+5V of D/A converter U1,1 pin of amplifier U4 outputs to drive motor, 1,2 pin of amplifier U4 connect, the 4 pin ground connection of amplifier U4, and 8 pin of amplifier U4 connect+5V.
Keyboard is made up of resistance R 1, R2, R3, R4 and button.7 lines of keyboard are connected with 22,23,24,25,26,27,28 pin of single-chip microcomputer U5 respectively.
The described method of testing that is used for portable elevator speed limiter testing device is characterized in that the operation steps of this method is:
Set the number that presets that the single-chip microcomputer signal processing unit measures, under " P " state waited for that resets, preset girth, initial velocity and wheel number, the initial parameter that instrument test is required;
Set when the limiter of speed wheel disc is at the uniform velocity rotation status and test, limiter of speed wheel disc rotational line speed is with 0.01m/s 2Acceleration rise, move until limiter of speed;
Set the two paths of signals of gathering photoelectric encoder, encoder sensor output;
Gather and handle the limiter of speed wheel disc rotational line rate signal and real-time demonstration of photoelectric encoder output;
Collection is by the feedback speed signal that is used for drive motor PID closed-loop control of encoder sensor output, after single-chip computer control system is handled the digital signal that converts to, to the required variable voltage control drive signal of rectification driver module output drive motor, the responsiveness scope that described portable elevator speed limiter testing device is measured limiter of speed is 0.5m/s~15m/s.
The present invention is with the driving of dc micro-motor as the limiter of speed wheel disc, with the high precision photoelectric scrambler limiter of speed wheel disc linear velocity is directly detected, with encoder sensor motor speed is fed back, realization is to the closed loop PID control of motor speed, by the MCS-51 microcontroller system, realize that charactron shows and printing function.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is:
One, compared with prior art, the on-the-spot test of limiter of speed can only be measured with tachometer gage, in the elevator speed limiter testing device of the present invention, with encoder sensor motor speed is fed back, realize the closed loop PID control to motor speed, encoder sensor code-disc edge five equilibrium is divided into odontoid, promptly adopt 90 teeth such as branch such as grade, be equipped with the high precision photoelectric switch again, working stability is reliable, and is easy for installation.Collection is by the feedback speed signal that is used for motor PID closed-loop control of encoder sensor output, after single-chip computer control system is handled the data that convert digital quantity to, to the required variable voltage control drive signal of rectification driver module output drive motor, its velocity test precision satisfies the requirement of drive motor FEEDBACK CONTROL.
Two, in the elevator speed limiter testing device of the present invention, adopt the high precision photoelectric scrambler that limiter of speed wheel disc rotational line speed is directly tested, gather and handle the limiter of speed wheel disc rotational line rate signal and real-time demonstration of photoelectric encoder output, can capture the responsiveness of elevator governor more accurately, and operate easier, when testing especially at the scene.
Three, with prior art in use digital revmeter to test method compare, in method of testing of the present invention, when the limiter of speed wheel disc is at the uniform velocity rotation status, test, limiter of speed wheel disc rotational line speed is with 0.01m/s 2Acceleration rise, move until limiter of speed.Adopt PID to control and drive limiter of speed wheel disc spins, its method of testing meets " should reach the responsiveness of limiter of speed with alap acceleration; so that eliminate the influence of inertia " of regulation among the standard GB 7588-2003 " elevator manufacturing and installation safety standard " fully, by the control of single-chip microcomputer signal processing unit, can realize the accurate uniform acceleration rotation of motor.At present, many big elevator companies both at home and abroad to the requirement of this accekeration are≤0.02m/s 2, therefore, the 0.01m/s of this instrument 2Accekeration can guarantee accurate test to limiter of speed.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a structural representation of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is an encoder sensor structural representation of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is an acquired signal treatment circuit theory diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is a single-chip microcomputer signal processing unit schematic circuit of the present invention.
Number in the figure: 1 photoelectric encoder, 2 fifth wheels, 3 limiter of speed wheel discs, 4 driving wheels, 5 drive motor, 6 encoder sensor, 7 code-discs, 8 optoelectronic switches, 9 change-over circuits, 10 detecting signal units, 11 photoelectric switching circuits, 12 single-chip computer control systems, 13 are D/A switching control system, 14 keyboards, 15 single-chip microcomputer signal processing units.
Below by embodiment the present invention is described further:
Embodiment:
Referring to Fig. 1, photoelectric encoder 1 is set, the fifth wheel 2 of periphery annular knurl is installed on it, be pressed on the outer rim of limiter of speed wheel disc 3 with this fifth wheel 2, described fifth wheel 2 rotates with limiter of speed wheel disc 3;
Both-end output drive motor 5 is set, on an end output shaft of drive motor 5, be fixedly connected with the driving wheel 4 on the periphery that is pressed over limiter of speed wheel disc 3, limiter of speed wheel disc 3 rotates with driving wheel 4, and encoder sensor 6 is installed on the other end output shaft of drive motor.
Referring to Fig. 2, encoder sensor 6 is made up of code-disc 7, corresponding optoelectronic switch 8 and the change-over circuit 9 that is provided with.
Referring to Fig. 1, Fig. 3, single-chip microcomputer signal processing unit 15 is set, receive and handle the limiter of speed wheel disc rotational line rate signal and real-time demonstration of photoelectric encoder output; Reception is by the feedback speed signal that is used for motor PID closed-loop control of encoder sensor output, after single-chip computer control system, to the required variable voltage control drive signal of rectification driver module output DC machine.
In the present embodiment, code-disc 7 in photoelectric encoder 1, the encoder sensor 6 is to make with the hard aluminum, thickness is 1mm, diameter 70mm, the edge five equilibrium is divided into 90 odontoids, is equipped with the high precision photoelectric switch again, and it is reliable to have a working stability, characteristics such as easy for installation, the precision of velocity survey satisfies the requirement of motor FEEDBACK CONTROL.
Fig. 4 is single-chip microcomputer signal processing unit 15 schematic circuits of the present invention, comprises sensor output two paths of signals 10, photoelectric switching circuit 11, single-chip computer control system 12, D/A switching control system 13 and keyboard 14.
Wherein, described input single 10 is by sensor output two paths of signals, and encoder sensor signal S1 connects 5,6 pin of Sheffer stroke gate U2B; Photoelectric encoder signal S2 connects 1,2 pin of Sheffer stroke gate U2A;
Photoelectric switching circuit 11 is made up of Sheffer stroke gate U2, photoelectrical coupler U3 and resistance R 8, R9, R10, R11; Signal connects 2,6 pin of photoelectrical coupler U3 respectively by 3 pin of Sheffer stroke gate U2A, 4 pin of U2B, 9,10 pin that connect 12 pin, 13 pin and the U2C of Sheffer stroke gate U2D again by 12,16 pin of photoelectrical coupler U3 respectively, 1 pin of photoelectrical coupler U3,5 pin are by resistance R 8, R10 connection+12V, and 12 pin of photoelectrical coupler U3,16 pin are by resistance R 9, R11 connection+5V power supply; Output to single-chip microcomputer U5 by 8 pin of Sheffer stroke gate U2C, 11 pin of U2D;
Single-chip computer control system 12 is made up of single-chip microcomputer U5, capacitor C 1, capacitor C 2 and clock oscillation circuit X1; 12,13 pin of single-chip microcomputer U5 connect 8 pin of Sheffer stroke gate U2C, 11 pin of U2D respectively, 3,4,5 pin of single-chip microcomputer U5 connect the display part, 1,2,32,33,34,35,36,37,38,39 pin of single-chip microcomputer U5 connect printing portion, and 6,7,8 pin of single-chip microcomputer U5 connect D/A converter U1;
D/A switching control system 13 is made up of D/A converter U1 and amplifier U4; 1,2,3 pin of D/A converter U1 connect 8,7,6 pin of single-chip microcomputer U5 respectively, the 6 pin connection+2.5V of D/A converter U1,7 pin of D/A converter U1 connect 3 pin of amplifier U4, the 8 pin connection+5V of D/A converter U1,1 pin of amplifier U4 outputs to drive motor 5,1,2 pin of amplifier U4 connect, the 4 pin ground connection of amplifier U4, and 8 pin of amplifier U4 connect+5V.
Keyboard 14 is made up of resistance R 1, R2, R3, R4 and button.7 lines of keyboard are connected with 22,23,24,25,26,27,28 pin of single-chip microcomputer U5 respectively.
The operation steps of method of testing of the present invention:
1, preliminary work
A, measure the pitch circumference on the limiter of speed wheel disc 3.(being the girth of speed limiter wire rope) around the center line in one week of wheel disc.
B, (if what use is small machine, then this skips over) the taking-up electric machine support, it is screwed in the strut of motor 5, adjust height, rotate spiral shell piece on the strut and motor and electric machine support tightly are fixed together rotate when preventing machine operation, the nut on the rotary electric machine support is with the support angle of three feets on the adjustment support then.Select suitable direction and position, the driving wheel on the motor shaft 4 is leaned against tightly in the groove of limiter of speed wheel disc 3 or on the edge.
C, the fifth wheel on the high precision photoelectric scrambler 12 is leaned against on limiter of speed wheel disc 3 peripheries, simultaneously its extension line plug is inserted in single-chip microcomputer signal processing unit 15 and is on the socket on this instrument.
D, take out the four-core shielding line, its two is inserted in respectively on " motor speed " socket on single-chip microcomputer signal processing unit 15 main panels and drive motor 5 panels; Take out two core motor-driven lines, its two is inserted in respectively on the socket on single-chip microcomputer signal processing unit 15 main panels and drive motor 5 panels.
2, the operation steps of method of testing
A, preset number
Under " P " state, click " girth " key, then charactron is shown as " * * * *-1 ", preceding four that wherein draw " * " is limiter of speed wheel disc 3 pitch circumferences that will insert (or modification), its unit is a millimeter, at this moment can push numerical key, respective digital is inserted in the middle of that flashes, the show state of this moment is called puts number state.
At " P " state or put under the number state, click " initial velocity " key, then charactron shows " * * * *-3 ", and wherein preceding four is the initial velocity that will insert the limiter of speed wheel disc 3 of (or modification), its unit is a mm/second, and this initial velocity is changed to the specified ladder speed of corresponding elevator usually.
At " P " state or put under the number state, by " wheel number " key, then charactron is shown as " * * * *-2 ", wherein first on the left side is the selection of Motor position, what " 1 " expression was used is small machine (power of motor is 55W), and what " 2 " expression was used is big motor (power of motor is 90W or 200W).Second, third position, the left side is meaningless position, and the 4th on the left side is wheel number selection position.This instrument provides the driving wheel of three kinds of models, by ascending No. 1, No. 2, No. 3 wheels (apolegamy) that are set at of wheel footpath size, is applicable to the specified ladder speed of test respectively below 2 meters, 2 meters~5 meters, 5 meters~10 meters elevator governor.Be decided to be institute's gas-distributing motor and No. 1 wheel in this instrument start back, promptly institute's gas-distributing motor is big motor, then is shown as " 2001-2 "; Institute's gas-distributing motor is a small machine, then is shown as " 1001-2 ".
B, at " P " state or put under the number state, by "start" button, then motor accelerates to the initial velocity that the front is inserted with bigger acceleration, and at the uniform velocity rotation on this speed.This moment charactron be shown as " * * *--* * * " wherein three demonstrations in the left side is limiter of speed wheel disc outer rim rotational line speed, the right three demonstrations be driving wheel outer rim rotational line speed, this speed just as a reference, not as final sumbission, it and aforementioned velocity ratio are more approaching, but incomplete same, their unit is meter per second.
C, when limiter of speed wheel disc 3 has been at the uniform velocity rotation status, click " test " key, then limiter of speed wheel disc 3 rotational line speed are with 0.01m/s 2Acceleration rise, move until limiter of speed.
Slowly quicken at drive motor 5, and before limiter of speed do not move, if desired, then can push " beating again " key, instrument will stop the rotation of motor automatically, show the speed of this moment on two passages on the charactron.Printer is started working simultaneously, prints the limiter of speed wheel disc 3 rotational line speed of this moment.
D, instrument capture the action moment of limiter of speed automatically, drive motor 5 stalls soon of existing side by side, and display screen freezes, separately speed when the speed of two shown passages is the limiter of speed action on the charactron.Printer is started working simultaneously, the rotational line speed Vd when printing the limiter of speed action.If the electrical contact switch action is arranged, the rotational line speed Vc when then also printing its action.Showing that under the frozen state, by " beating again " key, then printer is printed data one time again.
E, by " resetting " key, then enter " P " state that resets and wait for.If continue test, and do not change preset parameter, then get back to operation steps b, resume operations.If the change preset parameter is then got back to operation steps a, restart.
The precision and the totally digitilized inputting interface of drive motor 5 speed governing guaranteed in this invention.The user can send into accurate limiter of speed rotational line speed by the button of instrument, and its numerical value can be as accurate as 0.001m/s, presses "start" button then, can be started the rotation of drive motor 5 by Single Chip Microcomputer (SCM) system, and remain on the linear velocity that presets automatically; In addition, by the control of single-chip microcomputer, can realize the accurate uniform acceleration rotation of motor, its uniform acceleration value can be determined arbitrarily, is decided to be 0.01m/s in this value in this instrument 2Because described in the F4.2 of relevant limiter of speed characteristic check among standard GB 7588-2003 " elevator manufacturing and installation safety standard " the appendix F: " should reach the responsiveness of limiter of speed with alap acceleration, " so that eliminate the influence of inertia.At present, many big elevator companies both at home and abroad to the requirement of this accekeration are≤0.02m/s 2, therefore, the 0.01m/s of this instrument 2Accekeration can guarantee accurate measurement to limiter of speed.
Major function of the present invention:
Can measure responsiveness is the various limiter of speeds of 0.5m/s~15m/s.
Can measure the wheel disc linear velocity of limiter of speed when its switch motion that contains electrical contact switch.
But tracing display limiter of speed wheel disc rotational line speed.
Can catch the responsiveness of limiter of speed automatically, and stop the rotation of motor immediately.
Wheel disc linear velocity in the time of can printing the action of the responsiveness of limiter of speed and contact automatically, and capable of repeat printing.
Technical indicator:
Speed adjustable range: 0.5~15m/s (segmentation setting)
Servo acceleration :≤0.02m/s during test 2
Data noise :≤1%
Motor nominal drive moment (three kinds optional): 1800 gram centimeters, 3000 gram centimeters, 6500 gram centimeters.

Claims (2)

1, a kind of method of testing that is used for portable elevator speed limiter testing device is characterized in that:
This method adopts portable elevator speed limiter testing device, comprise photoelectric encoder (1), limiter of speed wheel disc (3), drive motor (5), the fifth wheel (2) of periphery annular knurl is installed on described photoelectric encoder (1) axle, and described fifth wheel (2) is pressed on the outer rim of described limiter of speed wheel disc (3) and follows rotation;
Described limiter of speed wheel disc (3) rotates with driving wheel (4), and described drive motor (5) wherein is fixedly equipped with the driving wheel (4) that is pressed on limiter of speed wheel disc (3) periphery for both-end output on the end output shaft;
Encoder sensor (6) is set on the other end output shaft of described drive motor (5), and described encoder sensor (6) is made up of code-disc (7), corresponding optoelectronic switch (8) and the change-over circuit (9) that is provided with;
Single-chip microcomputer signal processing unit (15) is set, comprise detecting signal unit (10), photoelectric switching circuit (11), single-chip computer control system (12), D/A switching control system (13) and keyboard (14), described single-chip microcomputer signal processing unit (15) receives and handles limiter of speed wheel disc (3) the rotational line rate signal of described photoelectric encoder (1) output and shows in real time, receives the feedback speed signal that is used for drive motor (5) PID closed-loop control by described encoder sensor (6) output;
The operation steps of this method is:
Set the number that presets that single-chip microcomputer signal processing unit (15) measures, under " P " state waited for that resets, preset girth, initial velocity and wheel number, the initial parameter that instrument test is required;
Set when limiter of speed wheel disc (3) is at the uniform velocity rotation status and test, limiter of speed wheel disc (3) rotational line speed is with 0.01m/s 2Acceleration rise, move until limiter of speed;
Set the two paths of signals of gathering photoelectric encoder (1), encoder sensor (6) output;
Gather and handle limiter of speed wheel disc (3) the rotational line rate signal and real-time demonstration of photoelectric encoder (1) output;
Collection is by the feedback speed signal that is used for drive motor (5) PID closed-loop control of encoder sensor (6) output, after single-chip computer control system (12) is handled the digital signal that converts to, to the required variable voltage control drive signal of rectification driver module output drive motor (5).
2, according to the described a kind of method of testing that is used for portable elevator speed limiter testing device of claim 1, it is characterized in that: the responsiveness scope that described portable elevator speed limiter testing device is measured limiter of speed is 0.5m/s~15m/s.
CNB2006100394386A 2006-03-31 2006-03-31 The method of testing that is used for portable elevator speed limiter testing device Expired - Fee Related CN100545620C (en)

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