CN100539452C - The car-mounted device of communication usefulness between bus - Google Patents

Abstract

Communication system between device and bus is provided between a kind of bus on the employed car-mounted device of realizing 2 kinds of modes (passive, active) of communication, the road.The frequency band that uses in the downgoing line of car-mounted device scanning active mode and the passive mode under the electric field strength that receives electric wave is situation more than the predefined lower limit, as entering the communication zone that installs on the road, is stored this frequency (S110～S130).If the frequency of storage belongs to the frequency band of passive mode special use, then directly start passive communication portion, the communication of beginning passive mode.On the other hand, frequency in storage belongs under the situation of the shared frequency band of dual mode, at first starts the communication of the tentative active mode of active communication portion, under the situation of the content of the signal that can not resolve reception, start passive communication portion, switch to the communication (S140～S190) of passive mode.

Description

The car-mounted device of communication usefulness between bus

This case is that application number is dividing an application of 01137528.0 Chinese patent application.

Technical field

The present invention relates to mix between bus communication system between the bus of the employed dual mode of communication (passive, active) and can install corresponding on dual mode and car-mounted device by all application of communicating by letter between bus, the road.

Background technology

Originally, as by realizing that the expense of toll road collects the communication mode of (ECT) etc. automatically carrying out two-way communication near the road that is provided with car-mounted device that loads on the vehicle and the vehicle ' road between the device, known have a DSRC (Dedicated Short RangeCommunication: Dedicated Short Range Communications).There is dual mode in this communication mode, that is, by modulation and return then the passive mode that the carrier wave that sends to the downstream signal of car-mounted device from the road device carries out the transmission of the upward signal that installs to the road from car-mounted device (in Europe, China, Southeast Asia adopt) the frequency band car-mounted device different with downstream signal and carry out the active mode (in Japan's employing) of the transmission of upward signal voluntarily with use.

Therefore, road has extended in the future, and on the border (national boundaries etc.) of political jurisdiction and law change, the communication mode that uses among the ECT is changed into active mode (perhaps opposite) from passive mode, surround in the area on above-mentioned border, install on the road of consideration mixed configuration dual mode.

So, under the former situation, only load in the vehicle corresponding to the car-mounted device of arbitrary mode, the behavior that such convenience not only crossed above-mentioned border of just can collecting the charges of need not stopping damages, and owing to can not install communication on the road different with communication mode, such problem is arranged: device might be treated to it vehicle in violation of rules and regulations on such road.

Perhaps in the latter case, in active mode and passive mode because the frequency band that uses partly overlaps each other, have produce disturb, communication quality worsens, worry such problem of can not communicating by letter.

Promptly, shown in Figure 21 bend, in the active mode, with 5795MHz, 5805MHz, 5835MHz, 5845MHz is that the bandwidth of centre frequency is 4 frequency band Fad1 of 5MHz, Fad2, Fau1, per two of Fau2 is assigned to for the downstream signal (Fad1 that installs from the road to car-mounted device, Fad2) use and the upward signal that installs to the road from car-mounted device with (Fau1, Fau2) use, on the other hand, in the passive mode, with 5797.5MHz, 5802.5MHz, 5807.5MHz, 5812.5MHz for the bandwidth of centre frequency is that 4 frequency band Fp1～Fp4 of 5MHz are assigned to use for two-way communication.Therefore, the Fad2 of the Fad1 of active mode and the Fp1 of passive mode, active mode and the Fp2 of passive mode, Fp3 may cause interference.

But, in recent years, consider to provide the obsolete frequency of ETC in the communication band of a kind of 5.8GHz of use, utilize the new application of DSRC communication.In this case, as shown in figure 21, the predetermined use frequency band different with the active mode of existing ETC, promptly respectively with 5775MHz, 5780MHz, 5785MHz, 5790MHz, 5800MHz, 5815MHz, 5820MHz, 5825MHz, 5830MHz, 5840MHz are that the bandwidth of centre frequency is 10 frequency band Fed1～Fed5 (downstream signal that installs car-mounted device from the road uses), the Feu1～Feu5 (using from the upward signal that car-mounted device installs to the road) of 5MHz.

Therefore, from now on, requiring car-mounted device is constituted not only can be corresponding to existing ETC, and can be corresponding to these novel application.That is, car-mounted device not only has the function of identification active mode and passive mode, and must have the function of selection based on the application of the wave band execution that receives.

Especially, among the ETC, for guaranteeing the reliability of system, can communicate the system of retry when failing by design of communications, that the probability of that of communication failure car by communication zone becomes is very little (for example, 1,000,000 in below 1).

Specifically, with vehicle with set the time set of car speed (supposing maximum speed) by communication zone for from specify service band to ETC handle (authenticating, write card etc.) finish need about 3 times of time, guarantee plenty of time.

Yet, can use corresponding to ETC and the car-mounted device of new application in, with only carry out ETC and use and to compare, must additionally search for 2 frequency bands, spended time aspect the appointment service band, promptly must explore 5 frequency bands, the abundant time that the communication retry uses, the problem that reduces communication reliability appear reducing in its result more.

Summary of the invention

The present invention is for addressing the above problem, first purpose provides on a kind of any car-mounted device of realizing between bus the employed dual mode of communication (active, passive), the road communication system between device and bus, and, second purpose provide the application-specific of the ETC that must finish processing in the time that is not reduced in qualification etc. reliability, can realize the car-mounted device of multiple application.

The car-mounted device of communication usefulness between a kind of bus of the present invention, be used for vehicle running path near on the road that is provided with device communicate by letter, it is characterized in that described car-mounted device comprises:

The electric field strength components of assays of be loaded on the vehicle, the electric field strength of the frequency band of the signal that receives and the frequency band that mensuration is set is installed in identification from described road;

Switch and the switching mode set is switching to the frequency switching part of frequency band of the determination object of this electric field strength components of assays in proper order by the per unit unit time according to predefined,

The occurrence frequency of described switching mode being set for the frequency band that the appointment application that must finish processing in the time that limits is distributed increases,

The speed that obtains Vehicle Speed is set obtains parts,

Described frequency switching part changes this unit cell time, and it is fast more to make described speed obtain the travel speed that parts obtain, and the described unit cell time is short more,

Described car-mounted device setting:

The position obtains parts, obtains the current location of vehicle;

Memory unit, in each zone of distinguishing in advance, storage comprises device information on the road of the information relevant with device uses on the road that is provided with frequency band in each zone at least;

The switch mode set parts, according to device information on the road of this storage component stores, the current location of obtaining the parts acquisition from described position becomes the described switch mode of band setting of the object search of frequency identification parts by convergence.At the car-mounted device of putting down in writing as the scheme 1 of the invention that is used for achieving the above object, the first vehicle side communication component by the active mode that uses the frequency band different to send upward signal voluntarily with the downstream signal of reception carry out with the road on install communicate by letter, the second vehicle side communication component is by the request signal for reception, the unmodulated carrier modulation that then this request signal is received is response signal and returns the passive mode that responds, carry out with the road on install communicate by letter.

When then entering the communication zone that installs on the described road, make the action of one of first or second vehicle side communication component,, then switch to another if can not communicate by letter, thus the vehicle side communicator that retrieval can be communicated by letter.

Therefore, according to car-mounted device of the present invention,, also can communicate with really even device is a special-purpose model corresponding to one of active mode or passive mode on the road.

In addition, in active mode and passive mode, in the frequency band that uses, exist not under the situation with the shared dedicated frequency band of the opposing party, the frequency identification component identification is from the frequency band of the signal of road device transmission, if the frequency band of this identification is the frequency band that a certain communication mode special use is arranged, vehicle side switching controls parts directly make the vehicle side communication component action corresponding with this communication mode.

In this case because only when two kinds of communication modes of band sharing of frequency identification component identification, whether specify can with a retrieval of communicating by letter in the first and second vehicle side communication components, can shorten the average time before the communication beginning.

Then in scheme 3 described car-mounted devices, when entering the communication zone that installs on the road, vehicle side is selected control assembly and is exercised the action of the first and second vehicle side communication components, continues to make the side action of normally being exported.

Therefore, according to car-mounted device of the present invention, even device is only corresponding to the special-purpose model of one of active mode and passive mode on the road, can communicate with really, and by the necessary lower limit time, that installs on beginning and the road communicates by letter.

So far, illustrated to constitute the car-mounted device that to realize any communication mode, the following describes to constitute on the road that to realize any communication mode and install.

At first, in the device, comprising on the road of scheme 4 record: the first trackside communication component, carry out and the communicating by letter of the car-mounted device of active mode; The second trackside communication component carries out and the communicating by letter of the car-mounted device of passive mode, and sets these first and second tracksides communication components for each communication zone and is configured to along the driving path of vehicle and does not overlap each other.Therefore, the vehicle that travels along driving path all passes through each communication zone of the first and second trackside communicators.

Like this, according to installing on the road of the present invention, owing to the communication zone of apart two communication modes, even use identical frequency band in two communication modes, the signal of two communication modes does not cause interference yet, and can guarantee has the excellent communications quality to the car-mounted device of arbitrary communication mode.Its result even the car-mounted device that loads on the vehicle is exclusively used in a side communication mode, also can communicate with really.

Then, in the device, set the first and second trackside communicators for use in each communication zone unanimity and each communication frequency band and differ from one another on the road of scheme 5 records.

Like this, according to installing on the road of the present invention, owing to the signal of frequency separation two communication modes, even the communication zone of two communication modes is identical, the signal of two communication modes does not cause interference yet, can guarantee the good communication quality to the car-mounted device of any communication mode.Its result even be loaded in the communication mode that car-mounted device on the vehicle is exclusively used in a side, also can communicate with really.

Then, in the device, set the first and second trackside communication components for each communication zone unanimity on the road of scheme 6 records, trackside switching controls parts are selected a ground and are made the action of the first or second trackside communication component according to predefined timing.

Like this, according to installing on the road of the present invention since the time separate the signal of two communication modes, even the communication zone of two communication modes is identical, the signal of two communication modes does not cause interference yet, and can guarantee has the excellent communications quality to the car-mounted device of arbitrary communication mode.Its result even the car-mounted device that loads on the vehicle is exclusively used in a side communication mode, also can communicate with really.

In addition, timing as the trackside communication component (being communication mode) of change action, the communication frame that trackside switching controls parts can use separately switches as unit, but for example scheme 7 is described, communication frame as active mode, be provided with under the situation that timing comes and a plurality of car-mounted devices communicate simultaneously of a plurality of data with time slot in use, set the data time slot that at least one forbids that the first trackside communication component uses, during these data are with time slot, make the action of the second trackside communication component.

And as described in the scheme 8, than guaranteeing that data that active mode uses are little with the number of time slot, idle data is arranged with under the situation of time slot, trackside switching controls parts also make the second trackside communication component move during this time slot at the car-mounted device of the active mode that needs are communicated by letter with device on the road.

In this case, data are efficiently used with time slot, but the short time finish communicating by letter of the passive mode that only communicates with 1 car-mounted device for 1 time, improve disposal ability.

But, in the said method,, and switch use because any one all has the communication component of active, passive two modes, so can simply utilize the original device that does not need the order to each communication mode to change to constitute, device maximization problem be arranged but can envision.

For addressing this problem, between the bus of scheme 9 record in the communication system, as shown in figure 22, the communication frame of using as inter-vehicular communication, use writes the upward upload control time slot (corresponding with ACTS) of the communication request of device that satisfies the need by being used for car-mounted device, a plurality of data of the car-mounted device of permission communication being distributed based on the communication request that writes in time slot in this upload control are with time slots (corresponding with MDS), earlier from data send with time slot with time slot and upload control and the road device to the car-mounted device notification data with the descending control of the distribution state of time slot active mode with time slot (corresponding) formation with FCM, the car-mounted device of device and passive mode on the formation road is so that use this communication frame to carry out the communication of passive mode.

Promptly, the data that device during upload control is with time slot and then distributes the car-mounted device of passive mode on the road send unmodulated carrier wave during with the downstream signal in the time slot, by modulating this carrier wave, make and return the response signal of coming from the car-mounted device of passive mode and handle on an equal basis with upward signal from the car-mounted device of active mode.

On the other hand, the car-mounted device of passive mode is regarded descending control as request signal with time slot, the unmodulated carrier modulation that to send during upload control is with time slot is with request signal corresponding response signal and returns, express in time slot under the situation of distribution of the data usefulness time slot corresponding simultaneously with this car-mounted device in descending control, the downstream signal that will receive during the data of this distribution are with time slot is as request signal, and the unmodulated carrier that then this downstream signal is sent is modulated to request signal corresponding response signal and returns.

Like this, according to communication system between bus of the present invention, the processing that part changes passive mode, the shared communication frame of the processing of use and active mode is handled, owing to can handle the car-mounted device of two communication modes together, can simplify the structure of installing on the road of the car-mounted device that can realize two communication modes greatly.

The order that the inquiry of the uplink/downlink signals of publicization active mode, passive mode/response signal is used and use the signal procedure of these orders can be considered active, passive difference, carries out and these Signal Processing.

Between the bus of scheme 9 record in the communication system, as described in scheme 10, constitute: the trackside device removes and uses descending control time slot, the data time slot, the communication frame that upload control constitutes with time slot is undertaken outside the trackside communication component of communicating by letter with car-mounted device by active mode, also be provided with upload control with time slot during and the data of then car-mounted device of passive mode being distributed with the downstream signal in the time slot during in, send the carrier wave transmit block of unmodulated carrier wave, the trackside communication component will return the response signal of coming by modulated carrier and handle comparably with the upward signal from the car-mounted device of active mode from the car-mounted device of passive mode.

Between the bus of this scheme 9 records in the communication system, the car-mounted device of active mode can remain untouched and use original device, but for example shown in scheme 11, the car-mounted device of passive mode constitutes: when entering the communication zone that installs on the road, first response component is regarded descending control as request signal with time slot, the unmodulated carrier that upload control is sent during with time slot is modulated to the response signal relative with request signal and returns, under the situation of data with the distribution of time slot for this car-mounted device expressed in descending control in time slot, the downstream signal that second response component will receive during will distributing the data of coming with time slot is as request signal, and then this downstream signal unmodulated carrier of sending is modulated to the response signal relative with request signal and returns.

Then, in the car-mounted device of scheme 12, for with vehicle running path near on the road that is provided with device communicate by letter, on being loaded in vehicle, the frequency identification parts of the frequency band of the signal that receives from described road device of identification, the electric field strength components of assays is measured the electric field strength of the frequency band of setting, and the frequency switching part is switching to the frequency band of the determination object of this electric field strength components of assays in proper order according to predefined switching mode.

The occurrence frequency of this switching mode being set for the frequency band that the appointment application that must finish processing in the time that limits is distributed increases.

Like this,, increase and specify the machines meeting of using the frequency band that uses, be this frequency band of limited investigation, when providing appointment to use from the road device, can detect and fast processing it fast according to car-mounted device of the present invention.Its result, the abundant time that the retry of guaranteeing fully to communicate by letter is used, do not reduce the appointment reliability of applying, can realize multiple application.

As described in scheme 13, the frequency switching part constitutes when the per unit unit time of setting is switching to the frequency band of determination object, changes this unit cell time, and it is fast more that the speed that makes is obtained the travel speed of parts acquisition, and the unit cell time is short more.

The speed of promptly travelling is fast more, and vehicle is far short by the time that communication zone needs, and like this, by the unit of adjustment unit time, specifies the required etching of frequency of utilization if shorten, and then can guarantee to distribute to the time of processing.

As described in scheme 14, constitute: in the memory unit storage comprise with each zone of distinguishing in advance in device information on the road of the device information that the frequency band of use is relevant in the communication between bus on the road that is provided with, the switch mode set parts is according to device information on the road of this storage component stores, and the current location of obtaining the parts acquisition from the position becomes the described switch mode of band setting of the object search of frequency identification parts by convergence.

In this case, do not measure the obsolete frequency band of device on the road in vain, can prevent the additional useless time in specifying frequency of utilization really, can guarantee the processing time fully, carry out the reliability of specifying when using thereby further improve.

Specify and use and shown in scheme 15, can be the processing relevant for example, or shown in scheme 16, to be the processing relevant to carry out with the electronic car licence plate with ETC than the vehicle of fast speeds by communication zone.

Much less the invention of any one record of the invention of any record of scheme 12 to 16 and scheme 1 to 11 can be combined.

Description of drawings:

Fig. 1 is the block diagram of the brief configuration of the car-mounted device in the communication system between the bus of expression first embodiment;

Fig. 2 is the flow chart of the main content of handling of expression data processing division execution;

Fig. 3 is the flow chart of the movement content of expression active communication portion;

Fig. 4 is the flow chart of the movement content of expression passive communication portion;

Fig. 5 is the flow chart of the main contents processing of expression variation;

Fig. 6 is the block diagram of the brief configuration of installing on the road in the communication system between the bus of expression second embodiment;

Fig. 7 is the flow chart of the movement content of expression active communication portion;

Fig. 8 is the flow chart of the detailed content of expression MDS processing;

Fig. 9 is the flow chart of the movement content of expression passive communication portion;

Figure 10 is the key diagram of the control method of expression structure example of charge station and timing control part;

Figure 11 is the key diagram of the control method of expression structure example of charge station and timing control part;

Figure 12 is the key diagram of the control method of expression structure example of charge station and timing control part;

Figure 13 is the key diagram of the control method of expression timing control part;

Figure 14 is the flow chart of the content of the MDS allocation process carried out of expression data processing division;

Figure 15 is the key diagram of expression based on the state of a control of MDS allocation process;

Figure 16 is the block diagram of the brief configuration of installing on the road in the communication system between the bus of expression the 3rd embodiment;

Figure 17 is the key diagram of action of structure, the antenna switching part of the communication frame that uses in the communication system between the expression bus;

Figure 18 is the flow chart of the movement content of expression common user communication portion;

Figure 19 is the flow chart of the detailed content of expression MDS processing;

Figure 20 is the flow chart of the content of the MDS allocation process carried out of expression data processing division;

Figure 21 is the key diagram of the distribution of the expression frequency band that is used to communicate by letter among the DSRC;

Figure 22 is the key diagram of structure of the communication frame of expression original passive mode and active mode;

Figure 23 is the block diagram of the brief configuration of installing on the road in the communication system between the bus of expression the 4th embodiment;

Figure 24 is the flow chart of the main content of handling of expression data processing division execution;

Figure 25 is the flow chart of the details of the frequency scanning of execution in the main processing of expression;

The key diagram of the switch mode of the mensuration frequency band when Figure 26 is expression electric field strength mensuration.

Embodiment

With accompanying drawing embodiments of the invention are described below.

(first embodiment)

Fig. 1 be illustrated in mixed by communication between the bus of active mode device on the road that ETC uses is provided, between the bus of first embodiment that installs on the road that provides ETC to use by communication between the bus of passive mode in the communicator, can with the block diagram of the structure of the car-mounted device of appointing device on the way to communicate by letter.

Communicate by letter between the bus of communication and passive mode between the bus of active mode and all use known communication frame shown in Figure 22.

Promptly, in communicating by letter between the bus of active mode, have 3 message data time slots (MDS) so that can carry device with 3 chassis communicates by letter simultaneously, use by before this MDS, being used for device on the road to the frame control message channel (FCM) of the distribution state of car-mounted device notice MDS be used for car-mounted device install activation time slot (ACTS) formation that notice exists on the road communication frame (with reference to Figure 22 (a)) before the MDS.FCM, MDS, ACTS are suitable with time slot with time slot, upload control with time slot, data with query-response control of the present invention respectively.

In communicating by letter between the bus of passive mode, use to send be used for device on the road and send the request signal, request signal of the data of wishing to car-mounted device after, follow predetermined during in send unmodulated carrier, the method (with reference to Figure 22 (b)) that this carrier modulation one-tenth is returned corresponding to the response signal of request signal, request signal.

But, as illustrating in the prior art hurdle (with reference to Figure 21), in the active mode, to the downgoing line that the downstream signal of car-mounted device is used, using 2 frequency band Fad1 from the road device, Fad2, use 2 frequency band Fau1 the last circuit that the last signal that installs to the road from car-mounted device is used, Fau2, any one that use a pair of frequency band Fad1 and Fau1 (be referred to as under both situation and be called Fa1) or Fad2 and Fau2 (being similarly Fa2) carried out two-way communication.In the passive mode, use 4 frequency band Fp1～Fp4, use any one frequency band to carry out two-way communication.

To be called passive dedicated frequency band with the nonoverlapping frequency band Fp4 of other frequency bands below, frequency band Fad1～Fad2 (is promptly comprised Fp1～Fp3) and is called band sharing.

As shown in Figure 1, the car-mounted device 10 of present embodiment has: the received signal that receives from antenna 11 extract appointment special frequency band signal component and measure the electric field strength test section 12 of its incoming level (electric field strength); As the active communication portion 13 of pressing the first vehicle side communication component that active mode communicates by letter with device on the road through antenna 11; As the passive communication portion 14 of pressing the second vehicle side communication component that passive mode communicates by letter with device on the road through antenna 11; With known microcomputer is that the center constitutes, and control above-mentioned each one 12～14, execution by with the road on the data processing division 15 of processing etc. of the data that obtain of communicating by letter of installing.Though not shown in the data processing division 15, be connected with the fee processing device that has disposed IC-card reader/writer of being used for meticulous computational costs etc.

Here, the main processing of data processing division 15 execution with flowchart text shown in Figure 2.

When this processing starts, at first measure instruction to 12 outputs of electric field strength test section, from the upper limiting frequency scanning (S110) to frequency band Fp4 of the lower frequency limit of frequency band Fad1, whether the electric field strength that monitoring is measured is more than predefined lower limit (S120).

Electric field strength is during less than lower limit, returning S110 measures repeatedly, electric field strength is during greater than lower limit, think that the vehicle that loads this car-mounted device 10 enters the communication zone that installs on the road, the frequency of this moment is stored (S130) as detecting frequency, judge whether this detection frequency belongs to passive dedicated frequency band Fp4 (S140).

Detect frequency and do not belong to passive dedicated frequency band Fp4, then from the downgoing line of active mode frequency band Fad1, specify among the Fad2 and detect the affiliated frequency band of frequency, be set with sources traffic portion 13, to utilize this specific frequency band Fadi (i=1 or 2) and to communicate with frequency band Fau1 that the uplink of its pairing is used, by starting active communication 13 (S150) of portion, communicate by letter between the bus of beginning active mode.

Afterwards, judge whether to finish the communication (S160) of active communication portion 13, behind the sign off, judge that it finishes whether can not to be resolved by the content of the signal that receives to cause (S170).Subsequently, if sign off is not to cause by not resolving, then former state is returned S110, on the other hand, cause, then the detection frequency described frequency band of the S130 of specific front storage from frequency band Fp1～Fp4 that passive mode is used if can not resolve, set passive communication portion 14, so that use this specific frequency band to communicate,, communicate by letter between the bus of beginning passive mode by starting passive communication 14 (S180) of portion.

Then, judge whether to finish the communication (S190) of passive communication portion 14, behind the sign off, return S110.

On the other hand, in S140, be judged as and detect frequency and belong under the situation of passive dedicated frequency band Fp4, move to S180, below with illustrate previously set, start passive communication portion 14 in the same manner, communicate by letter between the bus of beginning passive mode.But, in this case, service band Fp4 in the communication.

In this processing, S150～S190 is suitable with vehicle side switching controls parts of the present invention, S110, and S120 is suitable with the frequency identification parts with electric field strength test section 12.

Promptly, in this processing, electric field strength is that the following detection frequency of lower limit belongs under the situation of passive dedicated frequency band, directly carry out communicating by letter between the bus of passive mode, under the situation that belongs to band sharing in addition, communicate by letter between the bus of at first tentative space source side formula, can not resolve received signal, under the situation of communication failure, switch to passive mode and carry out communicating by letter between bus.

Here, the action of active communication portion 13 is with flowchart text shown in Figure 3.

As shown in the figure, when starting active communication portion 13, at first, judge through antenna 11 to receive what kind of signal (S210), when having received signal, judge whether this signal is FCM (S220).

Afterwards, the signal that receives is under the situation of FCM, resolve its content, judge whether vehicle is distributed MDS (S230), if it is unallocated, wait for the transmission timing (S240) of ACTS, be used for the transmission (S250) of the response data of the existence of device notice vehicle (car-mounted device 10) on the road, return S210 afterwards.At least the identification signal (below become " vehicle ID ") that comprises specific this car-mounted device 10 in this response data or load the vehicle of this car-mounted device 10.

On the other hand, if resolve the result of FCM content vehicle has been distributed MDS (S230 is a "Yes"), then standby is to the MDS of this distribution regularly (S260), judges whether regularly to receive downstream signal or as the MDS order of the content of the downstream signal that receives whether normal (S270) by this.

Subsequently, even fail to receive downstream signal or received but MDS order has under the unusual situation, former state is returned S210, on the other hand, receives downstream signal and MDS and orders under the normal situation, sends the response data (S280) to this MDS order.By sending this response data, a series of communication (S300) according to predefined program judges whether to be through with, if sign off, the result of communication (S310) of storage representation communication normal termination in the regulation zone of the memory of composition data handling part 15, afterwards, stop the action of active communication portion 13, if do not finish communication, former state is returned S210.

Among the S220 of front, not under the situation of FCM, judge whether to according to the analysable signal of the form of active mode (S320) at the signal that receives, if can not resolve, then as the end reason of sign off, output can not be resolved notice (S330), stops the action of active communication portion 13.At this moment, owing to be judged as in the main treatment S 180 that illustrates previously certainly, communicate by letter between the bus of then tentative passive mode.

The signal that receives is not FCM, but under the situation of the signal of the format analysis by active mode (S320 is a "No"), perhaps fail (S210 is a "No") under the situation of received signal, start active communication portion 13 after, perhaps receive FCM at last after, judged whether to pass through the predetermined locking time (S340), also do not pass through the locking time, former state is returned S210, on the other hand, if passed through locking more than the time, stop the action of active communication portion 13.In this case, negative owing to being judged as among the main S180 that handles, do not communicate by letter between the bus of tentative passive mode, directly turn back to frequency scanning (S110).

Then, with flowchart text passive communication portion 14 shown in Figure 4.

As shown in the figure, when starting passive communication portion 14, at first, judge through antenna 11 to receive what kind of signal (S410), when having received signal, judge whether it is the normal signal (S420) that is called request signal or request signal.

Under the abnormal situation of signal that receives, former state is returned S410, on the other hand, under the normal situation of the signal of reception, is pre-prepd response signal following its carrier modulation of sending, and returns through antenna 11.(S430)。

By sending this response signal, judge whether to finish a series of communication (S440) according to predefined program, if sign off, then result of communication is stored in the regulation zone of memory (S450), afterwards, stop the action of passive communication portion 14, when also not having sign off, former state is returned S410.

On the other hand, in the time of can not received signal (S410 is a "No"), after starting passive communication portion 14, after perhaps receiving request signal or request signal at last, judged whether to pass through the predetermined locking time (S460), if also do not pass through the locking time, former state is returned S410, on the other hand, if passed through locking more than the time, stop the action of passive communication portion 14.

The S250 of S430 and front, response signal/response data of S280 can suitably be set by the application of communicating by letter between the bus of carrying out in addition in the data processing division utilization.

As described above, in the car-mounted device 10 of present embodiment, the active communication portion 13 that outfit is undertaken communicating by letter between bus by active mode, carry out the passive communication portion 14 that communicates by letter between bus by passive mode, during the communication zone that on entering the road, installs, carry out order and switch two Department of Communication Forces 13, the side that 14 retrieval actions, use can be communicated by letter, carry out with the road on communicate by letter between the bus that installs.

Therefore, according to the car-mounted device 10 of present embodiment, no matter device still is that passive mode carries out communicating by letter between bus by active mode on the road, all accurately communicates.

And in the present embodiment, the frequency that device is used for communicating by letter between bus on the road is under the situation of passive dedicated frequency band, does not carry out retrieval actions, and directly begins to communicate by letter between the bus of passive mode, therefore begins shortening average time that needs to communication.

In the present embodiment, when the detection frequency that detects by frequency scanning belongs to band sharing, at first, start active communication portion 13, communicate by letter between the bus of tentative active mode, in the time of can not communicating by letter, switch to passive communication portion 14, communicate by letter between the bus of tentative passive mode, but can make two Department of Communication Forces 13,14 actions simultaneously, the side that selection is normally exported communicates.

In this case, the main processing as shown in Figure 5 is when omitting S170 from flow chart shown in Figure 2, substitute the S150 that only starts active communication portion 13, based on the service band that detects frequency setting two Department of Communication Forces 13,14, inserting the S155 that starts two Department of Communication Forces 13,14 gets final product.

In this case, two Department of Communication Forces 13, after 14 startups simultaneously, at least one side stops action through the locking time, but under long situation of locking time, can constitute the moment (step S420 is that "Yes", step S420 are "Yes") that receives useful signal in a certain side communication portion at first, force to stop the action of the opposing party's Department of Communication Force.This is that the processing of S155 and the side that stops to communicate by letter is suitable with selection control assembly of the present invention.

In the present embodiment, in active communication portion 13 and passive communication portion 14, under the situation of tenth skill, do not carry out any processing, be arranged on outside alarm device (lamp, buzzer etc.) action but can make through the locking time yet.

(second embodiment)

Second embodiment then is described.

Fig. 6 is illustrated between the bus of second embodiment that installs on the road of having mixed on the road of being undertaken communicating by letter between bus by active mode device, having been undertaken communicating by letter between bus by passive mode in the communicator block diagram of the structure of installing on the road that is provided with on each track of the charge station of toll road.

Among Fig. 6, (a) be can with shared road that the car-mounted device of any communication mode is communicated by letter on install, (b) being only with on the active special-purpose road that the car-mounted device of active mode is communicated by letter to install, (c) is only with on the passive special-purpose road that the car-mounted device of passive mode is communicated by letter to install.Communication frame, the frequency band that uses in simultaneously are identical with the shape of first embodiment.

At first, shown in Fig. 6 (a), device 20a comprises on the shared road: as the active communication portion 22 of the first trackside communication component that carries out communicating by letter between bus through the antenna 21 and the car-mounted device of active mode; Passive communication portion 24 as the second trackside communication component that carries out communicating by letter between bus through the antenna 23 and the car-mounted device of passive mode; Timing control part 25 as the action of controlling two Department of Communication Forces 22,24 trackside switching controls parts regularly; With known microcomputer is that the center constitutes, carry out the data of receiving and dispatching in communicate by letter between the bus of two Department of Communication Forces 22,24 and car-mounted device the data processing division 26 of processing etc.

Then shown in Fig. 6 (b), device 20b has from shared road device 20a and saves the structure of antenna 23 and passive communication portion 24 on the active special-purpose road, and shown in Fig. 6 (c), device 20c has from shared road device 20a and saves the structure of antenna 21 and active communication portion 22 on the passive special-purpose road.

And in the charge station, (20a～20c) constitute, though not shown among the figure, the timing control part 25 of device 20 constitutes with being connected to each other on each road by installing 20 on these roads of appropriate combination.

Here, install 20a on the road, the action of the active communication portion 22 of 20b is with flowchart text shown in Figure 7.Active communication portion 22 starts according to the instruction from timing control part 25.

As shown in the figure, when starting active communication portion 22, at first, send FCM (S510) by data processing division 26 preliminary setting datas, then in each MDS, carry out and distribute the MDS processing (S520) of carrying out the transmitting-receiving of data between the car-mounted device of this MDS.

Afterwards, judge the response data (vehicle ID) whether receive from car-mounted device (S530) in the timing of ACTS, if do not receive, former state finishes this processing.On the other hand, if receive response data, storage finishes this processing as the vehicle ID and the number of responses (S540) of the content of this response data in the regulation zone of the memory of composition data handling part 26.

Based on vehicle data of in this S540, storing and number of responses, in data processing division 26, carry out the MDS allocation process of distributing MDS, carry out in the FCM of next communication frame sending in the setting of data of (promptly using in s510), the setting state that execution will be distributed to the MDS that communicates by letter with car-mounted device is the processing of " time slot use in " etc.

Then, the details of handling with the MDS among the S520 of flowchart text front shown in Figure 8.This processing is carried out (being to be 3 times in the present embodiment) repeatedly in each MDS timing.

As shown in the figure, when starting MDS and handling, at first, the result of the MDS allocation process of data processing division 26 judge become when the state of the MDS of the object of pre-treatment whether be " time slot use in " (S610), if not " time slot use in ", former state finishes this processing.On the other hand, if the state of this MDS is " in the time slot use ", in this MDS timing, carry out the transmission (S620) of pre-prepd MDS order and from the reception (S630) of the response data of car-mounted device, judge that whether the response data that receives is the normal data (S640) corresponding to the MDS order that sends.

If response data is normal, by the reception of this response data, judge whether a series of communication according to predefined order finishes (S650), if communication does not finish, the preparation (should deliver to the setting of the MDS order among the S620 etc.) of then carrying out next sequence (S660), finishes this processing.On the other hand, if sign off, the result of communication (S670) of storage representation communication normal termination finishes this processing in the regulation zone of the memory of composition data handling part 26.

Among the S640 in front, response data is if having unusual, whether the count value of judging number of retries is greater than higher limit (S680), if below higher limit, when start this processing next time, set retry, deliver to the S620 (S690) of front, finish this processing with the identical MDS order of handle and current transmission.On the other hand, if the count value of number of retries is greater than higher limit, the result of communication (S700) that the storage representation communication abnormality finishes in the regulation zone of the memory of composition data handling part 26 finishes this processing.

Like this, in active communication portion 22, the car-mounted device with the timing response of ACTS is distributed MDS,, can carry out at most and the communicating by letter of 3 car-mounted devices by carrying out the communication different to each MDS.

Then, use flowchart text passive communication portion 24 shown in Figure 9.Passive communication portion 24 and active communication portion 22 are same, start according to the instruction from timing control part 25.

As shown in the figure, when passive communication portion 24 starts, at first judged whether to carry out the setting (S710) of expression with " in the passive communication " of communicating by letter of the car-mounted device of passive mode, if not " in the passive communication ", send request signal (S720), send carrier wave in then during regulation, receive from car-mounted device response (carrier modulation being become to represent the response signal of vehicle ID) (S730).

At this moment, whether the content of the response data that judge to receive is the normal data (S740) corresponding to request signal, under the abnormal situation of response data, and the former state end process.On the other hand, under the normal situation of response data, the vehicle-mounted ID that in the regulation zone of the memory of composition data handling part 26, represents in the memory response signal, set " in the passive communication " (S750), prepare next sequence (setting of the request signal that should send among the S770 described later) and (S760), finish this processing.

Among the S710 in front, if carry out the setting of " in the passive communication ", then send pre-prepd request signal (S770), send carrier wave in the specified time limit of following, the response (carrier modulation is become response signal) of reception car-mounted device (S780).

At this moment, whether the content of the response data that judge to receive is the normal data (S790) corresponding to the request signal that sends among the S770, if it is normal, by receiving this response signal, judge whether to finish a series of communication (S800) according to predefined sequence, communication does not finish, and then prepares next sequence (S760), finishes this processing.On the other hand, if sign off, the result of communication of storage representation communication normal termination is removed the setting (S810) of " in the passive communication " in the regulation zone of the memory of composition data handling part 26, finishes this processing.

Among the S790 in front, if the response signal that receives is unusual, whether the count value of judging number of retries is greater than higher limit (S820), if below higher limit, when starting this processing next time, carry out retry set (S830) with will with the identical request signal S770 in front of current transmission in send after, finish this processing.On the other hand, in the count value of number of retries during greater than higher limit, the result of communication that the storage representation communication abnormality finishes in the regulation zone of the memory of composition data handling part 26 is removed the setting (S840) of " in the passive communication ", finishes this processing.

Like this, in the passive communication portion 24, can with communicate in response in the car-mounted device of request signal any one.

Then, be example with charge station with 3 track L1～L3, illustrate the combination of installing 20a～20c on the road with and action regularly, i.e. the control content of timing control part 25.

At first, among the M1 of charge station shown in Figure 10 (a), to track L1, L2 is provided with and installs 20a on the shared road, track L3 is provided with on the passive special-purpose road installs 20c, and track L1 is among the L2, the communication zone that the passive mode of communication zone that the active mode of apart antenna 21 is used and antenna 23 is used is set for each other and is not overlapped.But, only put down in writing antenna in the structure of installing on each road (below, among Figure 11 and Figure 12 too) among the figure.

Install among the 20a on the shared road of track L1, to passive communication allocated frequency band Fp1, to active communication allocated frequency band Fp2, on the shared road of track L2, install among the 20a, to passive communication allocated frequency band Fp2, to active communication allocated frequency band Fp1, on the passive special-purpose road of track L3, install among the 20c, passive communication allocated frequency band Fp3.

1 cycle of the frame that active mode uses (below be called " between active area ") and passive mode begin to send behind request signal or the request signal that (below become " between passive region ") sets same length for to stopping to send before 1 cycle of carrier wave.

So, shown in Figure 10 (b), track L1, the action of timing control part 25 controls two Department of Communication Forces 22,24 of device 20a makes in same track that regularly sending regularly of request signal or request signal is regularly different with sending of FCM on the shared road of each of L2.

Timing control part 25 interlocks of device 20 on each road of track L1～L3 are controlled the action timing of two Department of Communication Forces 22,24, make that at track L1 among L3 and the track L2, sending regularly of request signal or request signal differs from one another, in track L1 and track L2, sending regularly of FCM differs from one another.

Among the M1 of charge station of above structure, use the track L1 of device 20 on the shared road, among the L2, the communication zone that communication zone that the apart active mode is used and passive mode are used, do not disturb each other, so, all guarantee the excellent communications quality for the car-mounted device of active and passive communication mode, no matter the communication mode of car-mounted device how, all the pathway inter-vehicle communication is charged automatically really.

In the above-mentioned M1 of charge station, use the track L1 of device 20a on the shared road, among the L2, select to be combined into not overlap each other with distributing to the active mode in same track and the frequency band of passive mode, also can select to be combined into to overlap each other.That is, under the situation of communication zone apart, the combinations of bands of two communication modes of device 20a is arbitrarily on the shared road like this.

Then, in the M2 of charge station shown in Figure 11 (a), track L1 is provided with installs 20a on the shared road, track L2 be provided with install 20c on the passive special-purpose road, track L3 be provided with on the active special-purpose road install 20b, and, among the L1 of track, set the active mode of antenna 21 communication zone of using and the communication zone that the passive mode of antenna 23 is used for coincidence each other.

Install among the 20a on the shared road of track L1, to passive communication allocated frequency band Fp4, to active communication allocated frequency band Fa1, on the passive special-purpose road of track L2, install among the 20c, to passive communication allocated frequency band Fp1, on the active special-purpose road of track L3, install among the 20b, active communication allocated frequency band Fa2.

Identical with the situation of the M1 of charge station that illustrates previously, set same length between active area and between passive region for.And, shown in Figure 11 (b), install the timing control part 25 of 20a on the shared road of track L1 and exercise two Department of Communication Forces 22,24 actions, and the action of controlling two Department of Communication Forces 22,24 regularly, makes sending regularly of request signal or request signal and sending regularly simultaneously of FCM.

Timing control part 25 interlocks of device 20 on each road of track L1～L3 are controlled the action timing of two Department of Communication Forces 22,24, make at track L1, and among L3 and the track L2, sending regularly of request signal or request signal differs from one another.

Among the M2 of charge station of above structure, use among the track L1 of device 20a on the shared road, in active mode and passive mode, the same communication zone is used for Frequency Distribution, do not disturb each other, so car-mounted device for active and passive communication mode, all guarantee the excellent communications quality, no matter the communication mode of car-mounted device how, all the pathway inter-vehicle communication is charged automatically really.

In the above-mentioned M2 of charge station, owing to use same communication zone in active mode and the passive mode, to compare with the M1 of charge station of the communication zone that separates two communication modes on the space, equipment can be littler.

In addition, among the above-mentioned M2 of charge station, among the device 20a, passive communication service band Fp4, active communication service band Fa1 be not because frequency band can overlap on the shared road of the track L1 that can carry out two communication modes, in active communication under the situation of service band Fa1, but service band Fp2 in passive communication, Fp3 is in active communication under the situation of service band Fa2, but service band Fp1 in passive communication, Fp4.

Then, in the M3 of charge station shown in Figure 12 (a), to track L1, L2 is provided with and installs 20a on the shared road, track L3 is provided with on the passive special-purpose road installs 20c, and, track L1 among the L2, sets the active mode of antenna 21 communication zone of using and the communication zone that the passive mode of antenna 23 is used for coincidence each other.

Install among the 20a on the shared road of track L1, to passive communication allocated frequency band Fp1, to active communication allocated frequency band Fa2, on the shared road of track L2, install among the 20a, to passive communication allocated frequency band Fp2, to active communication allocated frequency band Fa1, on the passive special-purpose road of track L3, install among the 20c, passive communication allocated frequency band Fp4.

Identical with the situation of the M1 of charge station that illustrates previously, set same length between active area and between passive region for.And, shown in Figure 12 (b), track L1, the action of timing control part 25 controls two Department of Communication Forces 22,24 of device 20a regularly makes active region and inactive regions occur alternately on the shared road of each of L2, promptly the time-division is used same communication zone.

Timing control part 25 interlocks of device 20 on each road of track L1～L3 are controlled the action timing of two Department of Communication Forces 22,24, make at track L1, and among L3 and the track L2, sending regularly of request signal or request signal differs from one another with sending regularly of FCM.

Among the M3 of charge station of above structure, use the track L1 of device 20a on the shared road, among the L2, time-division is used same communication zone in active mode and passive mode, do not disturb each other, so, all guarantee the excellent communications quality for the car-mounted device of active and passive communication mode, no matter the communication mode of car-mounted device how, all the pathway inter-vehicle communication is charged automatically really.

In the above-mentioned M3 of charge station, owing to use same communication zone in active mode and the passive mode, to compare with the M1 of charge station of the communication zone that separates two communication modes on the space, equipment can be littler.

In addition, among the above-mentioned M3 of charge station,, among the L2, select to be combined into not overlap each other, also can select to be combined into to overlap each other distributing to the active mode in same track and the frequency band of passive mode at the track L1 that uses device 20a on the shared road.That is, the time-division uses under the situation of communication zone like this, and the combinations of bands of two communication modes of device 20a is arbitrarily on the shared road.

Above-mentioned each routine timing control part 25 be controlled between active area and between passive region continuously, but controlledly be formed in free time (b1ank) interval that the transmitting-receiving of any way is not carried out in insertion between these two intervals.

But, install among the 20a on the shared road among the above-mentioned M3 of charge station, to be unit between active area and between passive region, promptly be the action that unit switches two Department of Communication Forces 22,24 with the communication frame, but for example shown in Figure 13 (a), in the active communication portion 22, ban use of one (being MDS0) among a plurality of MDS of this communication frame here, in the passive communication portion 24, length setting between passive region is become can be contained in a size among the MDS, and timing control part 25 constitutes and make 24 actions of passive communication portion during this MDS.

For MDS number that passive communication portion 24 action is distributed can be more than 2, for example shown in Figure 13 (b), setting among a plurality of MDS (being 8) active communication portion 22 here can use and be positioned at even number (0,2,4,6) half MDS, ban use of and be positioned at odd number (1,3,5,7) half MDS of residue makes 24 actions of passive communication portion in during timing control part 25 can being constituted this each MDS that bans use of.

And, can be for making MDS number that passive communication portion 24 action distributes corresponding to the communications status setting that can become.In this case, the MDS allocation process of data processing division 26 being carried out with flowchart text shown in Figure 14.What illustrate in the action of active communication portion 22 and passive communication portion 24 and the flow chart of Fig. 7～Fig. 9 is identical.

As shown in the figure, when starting this processing, car-mounted device number CA in the active mode in the current communication is than the little (CA＜SAmax) of the maximum number Samax that can communicate by letter simultaneously in the active mode (being 2 here), judgement is by the idle MDS (S910) that the communication that can begin new active mode is arranged, if idle MDS is arranged, the response data (communication request of active mode) that then judges whether the ACTS that stores among the S540 in front (S920).

If the response data of ACTS is arranged,, on the other hand,, judge whether that (CA 〉=1) (S940) in current communication if there is not the response data of ACTS from being the communication request (S930) that limit newly selects to distribute MDS wherein with Samax-CA.When selecting communication request among the S930, only this increases the number CA of the car-mounted device in the communication.

And, for in the current communication or be judged as among the S930 that does not have idle MDS or front among the S910 of front and selected under the situation of communication request, then has the communication that once should distribute the active mode of MDS at least in the communication frame that sends, the MDS (S950) that therefore distributes these communications (by vehicle ID identification) to use.

This MDS distribute finish or the S940 of front under active mode judges to the current not situation in communication, state as passive communication portion 24 judges whether to set " in the passive communication " (S960) specifically, if set " in the passive communication ", then judged whether idle MDS (CA＜SAmax) (S970).

Carry out under the situation that does not have to set " in the passive communication " or do not have idle MDS, the basic distribution (S980) to passive communication distributes a MDS who guarantees in advance finishes this processing.

On the other hand, carry out setting " in the passive communication " and have under the situation of idle MDS, distribute the expansion of several idle MDS to distribute (S990), finish this processing passive communication.

Here, Figure 15 represent to constitute market in the communication of passive mode among 3 MDS of communication frame guarantee a MDS, to the maximum number of the assignable MDS of communication of the active mode (state of the communication frame under=SAmax) the situation that is 2.By carrying out above-mentioned MDS allocation process, maybe can all distribute in the communication that does not have passive mode under the situation of communication of active mode the MDS of the allocation of communications of passive mode, shown in figure (a), only passive communication is distributed 1 MDS, be under the situation below 1 in the communication that passive mode is arranged and to the MDS of the allocation of communications of active mode, shown in figure (b), to the MDS of passive communication distribution more than 2.

By carrying out such MDS allocation process, in the communication that active mode is arranged, under the situation of obsolete idle MDS,, therefore can improve the disposal ability of device 20a on the public road because it effectively is used in the communication of passive mode.

Here, the maximum number that can distribute to communication (the passive communication portion 24) MDS of passive mode is 2, but under the situation of the communication that does not have active mode, whole MDS can be distributed to the communication of passive mode.

(the 3rd embodiment)

The 3rd embodiment then is described.

Figure 16 is illustrated in the block diagram that is blended in the car-mounted device that carries out under the active mode communicating by letter between bus, carries out between the bus of present embodiment of the car-mounted device of communicating by letter between bus in the communication system structure of installing under passive mode on the road that is provided with on each track of the charge station of toll road.As shown in the figure, in the present embodiment, device 30 has on the road: passive mode transmitting antenna 31a, reception antenna 31b and active mode dual-mode antenna 32.And, have: direction colligator 33, separate the receiving and transmitting signal to dual-mode antenna 32; As by through these antenna 31a, 31b, 32 receiving and transmitting signals carry out the common user communication portion 35 of the trackside communicator of communicating by letter between bus with car-mounted device; According to supplying with one of dual-mode antennas 32 through transmitting antenna 31a or direction colligator 33 from the transmission signal of common user communication portion 35, will supply with the antenna switching part 34 of common user communication portion 35 through reception antenna 31b or direction colligator 33 from one of received signal of dual-mode antenna 32 simultaneously from the switching signal of common user communication portion 35; With known microcomputer be the center constitute, by common user communication portion 35 carry out and car-mounted device between the data processing division 36 of processing etc. of the data of receiving and dispatching.

Between the bus of present embodiment in the communication system, on the way install 30 and car-mounted device between bus between in the communication, no matter be active, passive communication mode, all use common communication frame based on active mode.

This communication frame as shown in figure 17, original communication frame that FCM, a plurality of MDS (being 4 here), ACTS are constituted carries out following change.

Promptly, ACTS is divided into first half and latter half, receive response (communication request) in the first half from the car-mounted device of active mode, can receive response from the car-mounted device of passive mode (FCM is not considered as request signal, but to the response of this request signal) by sending carrier wave in the latter half.

And MDS distributed to one of communicating by letter of the communication of active mode and passive mode, divide among the MDS of the communication that is used in passive mode, after down order (the MDS order of shared active mode and the request signal of passive mode) sends, in the remaining period of this MDS, by sending carrier wave, can receive response from the car-mounted device of passive mode.

And, the car-mounted device of so-called active mode, with communicating with original same method (wherein in from the communication request of car-mounted device, only using the first half of ACTS), on the other hand, the car-mounted device of so-called passive mode, FCM is not considered as request signal, and will the response signal of this request signal be returned in the latter half of ACTS, use the MDS that distributes to communicate later on.

Common user communication portion 35 during branch is used in the MDS of communication of passive mode and only selects the antenna 31a of passive usefulness in the latter half of ACTS, 31b, in in addition, constitute the antenna 32 of selecting active usefulness, generate the switching signal X that makes 34 actions of antenna switching part.

Here, relevant with the transmitting-receiving of the communication frame of shared Department of Communication Force 35 action reference flow chart shown in Figure 180 illustrates.Wherein, only part is different for the action (see figure 7) of its content and the active communication portion 22 of second embodiment, and therefore pay with identical label, and omit explanation for same processing, be the center explanation with different part in handling.

As shown in the figure, in the common user communication portion 35, carry out the transmission (S510) of FCM, each MDS described later processing (S520), from the response of the car-mounted device of ACTS active mode regularly handle (S530, S540).But in the explanation of second embodiment about S510～S540, data processing division 26 alternate data handling parts 36, active communication portion 22 replace common user communication portion 35.

Send carrier wave (S550) specified time limit of only following (latter half of ACTS), judge whether from the car-mounted device of passive mode response (carrier modulation is become response data corresponding to inquiry) (S560).Afterwards, if not response, then former state finishes this processing, on the other hand, is having under the situation of response, and this response data of storage (vehicle ID) (S570), finishes this processing in the regulation zone of the memory of composition data handling part 36.

Then, the details that the MDS of S520 handles illustrates that with flow chart shown in Figure 19 this processing is carried out repeatedly in the timing of each MDS.

As shown in the figure, when starting this processing, based on the S540 of front and the response data of S570 storage, the result of the MDS allocation process that data processing division 36 is carried out judge become when the state of the MDS of the object of pre-treatment whether be distribute to active or passive a certain mode communication " time slot use in " (S610), if not " in the time slot use ", former state finishes this processing.On the other hand, if this MDS state is " in the time slot use ", at the predetermined down order (S620) of this MDS timed sending, at this MDS is to distribute under the situation of communication of passive mode (S622 is for being), then only carry out carrier wave and send (S624), receive response data (S630) from car-mounted device in the remaining period of this MDS.

Below the response data that receives is carried out the identical processing of handling with the MDS of second embodiment explanation of S640～S700.Wherein S670 among the S700, when passive communication finishes, removes the setting of " in the passive communication ".In the record of second embodiment, the MDS order substitutes down order, data processing division 26 alternate data handling parts 36.

S550 in the above-mentioned processing, S624 is suitable with carrier wave transmit block of the present invention.

Then, the MDS allocation process of carrying out with flowchart text data processing division shown in Figure 20 36.

In the MDS allocation process (with reference to Figure 14) of second embodiment explanation, owing to can inquire about to the car-mounted device of passive mode, usually at least one MDS is assigned with, but in the present embodiment, among FCM, the ACTS, owing to carry out the processing suitable, under the passive mode situation, distribute MDS this point difference when only communicating by letter beginning with inquiry.

After starting this processing, as shown in figure 20, at first judge whether to represent to carry out setting (S900) with " in the passive processing " of communicating by letter of car-mounted device by passive mode, if not " in the passive processing " then among the S570 in front, judges whether to have stored and inquiry corresponding response data, the communication request (S902) whether passive mode is promptly arranged, when the communication request of passive mode is arranged,, carry out the setting (S904) of " in the passive processing " simultaneously from wherein only selecting once to begin communication.

Afterwards, in S900, be judged as new settings among " in the passive processing " or the S904 " in the passive processing " back the MDS (S906) of minimum (being 1) is guaranteed in the communication of passive mode here, not under the situation of " in the passive processing " and the communication request that does not have passive mode on the other hand, do not guarantee MDS, proceed to next step.

Following S910～S950 and second embodiment explanation same is used for the distribution of the MDS that the communication of active mode uses.Wherein, in the present embodiment, the maximum MDS number that can distribute to the communication of active mode is SAmax, if can not guarantee MDS to the communication of passive mode among the S906, then SAmax=4 can guarantee, then only this minimizing becomes SAmax=3.

The branch timing of the MDS that the end passive mode is used, judge whether to set " in the passive communication " (S960), if do not set, former state finishes this processing, on the other hand, if set, judge the MDS that the S906 except that the front guarantees, whether idle MDS is arranged, and whether the promptly unallocated MDS of active mode that gives adds up to (S970) more than 2.If no idle MDS, the basic distribution (S980) that distributes a MDS who guarantees that passive mode is used finishes this processing, on the other hand, has under the situation of idle MDS, carries out also idle MDS being distributed to the expansion distribution (S990) of passive mode, finishes this processing.But like this, by shared passive mode and active mode, the car-mounted device of passive mode must change processing, but should handle figure active communication portion 22 shown in Figure 3 much at one.

S250, the transmission of the response data of S280 is undertaken by the notice carrier wave, and the processing of S260～S300 must be repeatedly carried out the MDS of each distribution.Like this, the S250 of improvement, S280 are suitable with first response component of the present invention, second response component respectively.

As described above, according to communication system between the bus of present embodiment, have nothing to do with active, passive communication mode, device 30 is all unified to handle on the road, therefore unnecessary the setting because of the different Department of Communication Force of communication mode can be simplified and be installed 30 structure on the road.

Device receives on the road compares very little from the electric field strength of the electric field of car-mounted device with passive mode or active mode, therefore in common user communication portion 35, when preferably constituting, increase the magnification ratio of the amplifier that amplifies this received signal from reception antenna 31b received signal that passive mode is used.Much less, on the contrary, can constitute the time magnification ratio of step-down amplifier from dual-mode antenna 32 received signals of active mode.

In the present embodiment, ACTS is divided into anterior part and latter half, the response of active, passive two communication modes of staggering in time receives, but if the frequency band of the uplink of active mode is different with the frequency band of the carrier wave that sends passive mode, can during whole ACTS, send carrier wave, receive response simultaneously.But, in this case, must constitute at least during the ACTS, receive 2 kinds of band signals simultaneously, handle this two signals.

(the 4th embodiment)

The 4th embodiment then is described.

Figure 23 be illustrated in mixing with active mode or passive mode device on the road that ETC uses is provided, provide with active mode between the bus that installs on the road of the application of ETC beyond using in the communication system can with the block diagram of the structure of the car-mounted device of appointing device on the way to communicate by letter.

In the communication system,, all use identical communication frame (with reference to Figure 22) between the bus of active mode and passive mode with first embodiment explanation regardless of using kind.

But, by installing as shown in figure 21 on the road that provides ETC to use of communicating by letter between the bus of active mode, use a pair of frequency band Fad1 that uses in downgoing line and the uplink, Fau1 (be referred to as under both situation and be called Fa1) or Fad2, one of Fau2 (being similarly Fa2) carries out two-way communication, provides on the road that ETC uses device to be used for one of 4 two-way frequency band Fp1～Fp4 with communication between the bus of passive mode and carries out two-way communication.

Provide in the communication between the bus of active mode that device uses a pair of frequency band Fedi that uses in downgoing line and the uplink on the road of the application beyond the ETC, one of Feui (i=1～5) carries out two-way communication.

Near near near the parking fully such as form road parking lot and the outlet of communal facility inlet, the parking stall in parking lot or in the parking lot of device on the road of the application beyond the ETC is provided, but can be arranged on pressure with the place that extremely low speed moves, management of turnover parking lot and customer service are provided.

As shown in figure 23, the car-mounted device 40 of present embodiment and the car-mounted device of first embodiment are more than 10, comprise antenna 41, electric field strength test section 42, active communication portion 43, passive communication portion 44, data processing division 45, also comprise the memory 46 of device information on storage Frequency Distribution information described later and the road.

Wherein, use with ETC, the application beyond the ETC is irrelevant, active communication portion 43 can constitute each a pair of frequency band Fa1 that uses active mode to use, Fa2, one of Fe1～Fe5 carry out with the road on install communicate by letter.

Passive communication portion 44 uses one of frequency band Fp1～Fp4 of passive usefulness, through antenna 41 carrying out under the passive mode with the road on install communicate by letter, 2 frequency bands are judged to have or not the received communication frame simultaneously.But, in the present embodiment, only use 3 frequency band Fp1～Fp3 among 4 frequency band Fp1～Fp4 that passive mode uses.

Electric field strength test section 42 as shown in figure 21, for setting the frequency band Fed1～Fed4 that uses in communicating by letter with active mode for, Fad1, Fed5, any one among the frequency band B1～B7 of Fad2 unanimity measured its electric field strength.Therefore, frequency band Fad1 under the situation of the electric field strength of mensuration frequency band B5, Fp1 is relevant, frequency band Fp11 under the situation of the electric field strength of mensuration frequency band B6, Fp2 is relevant, frequency band Fad2 under the situation of the electric field strength of mensuration frequency band B7, Fp2, Fp3 is relevant.

That is, in the present embodiment, by measuring frequency band B5, the electric field strength of B7 can detect whole frequency band Fad1 that ETC uses, Fad2, the user mode of Fp1～Fp3.With this frequency band B5, B7 also is called the ETC frequency band below.

Be stored in the memory 46 Frequency Distribution information with communication mode (active mode/passive mode), use kind (ETC/ other), modulation system (ASK/PSK/QPSK) corresponding to install on active communication portion 43, passive communication portion 44 and the road communicate by letter in each frequency band of using represent.Device information is that what kind of frequency band device uses the information of application is provided on the road that comprises in this zone of expression in each zone of distinguishing in advance on the so-called road.The zone can be for example to set a zone in the device on each road, or the zone that restriction vehicles such as expressway enter is set as a zone.

Data processing division 45 is that the center constitutes with known microcomputer, wait the positional information of input expression car current location or the time from device from the velocity information of the ECU input expression Vehicle Speed of the output signal of handling vehicle speed sensor, based on device information on Frequency Distribution information of in memory 46, storing and the road, control above-mentioned each one 42,43,44, carry out by with the road on the processing etc. of the data that obtain of communicating by letter of installing.

Here, the main processing of data processing division 45 execution illustrates with flow chart shown in Figure 24.

When starting this processing, use at first electric field strength test section 42 to carry out to be used to specify that device provides the frequency scanning (S1010) of serving employed frequency band on the road, in the frequency scanning after the assigned frequency, Frequency Distribution information according to storage in the memory 46, set the modulation system of active communication portion 43 and passive communication portion 24 for appointment frequency band corresponding the time, judge that it is whether in order to provide ETC to use the ETC frequency band B5 that is provided with, one of B7 (S1020).

If specified frequency is the ETC frequency band, can resolves communication frame and judge whether the mode of using communicating by letter is active mode (S1030) from the output of active communication portion 43 and passive communication portion 44 by which Department of Communication Force 43,44.Afterwards, if the mode active mode that uses in the communication, the ETC that carries out the active mode that uses active communication portion 43 handles (S1040), return S1010, on the other hand, if the mode passive mode that uses in the communication, the ETC that carries out the passive mode that uses passive communication portion 44 handles (S1050), returns S1010.

Among the S1020 in front, the frequency band of frequency scanning appointment is judged as under the situation that is not the ETC frequency band, the application ID that extraction is positioned at the title division of the frame that receives through active communication portion 43 uses based on this, judges whether this car-mounted device can handle the application that device provides on the road (S1060), if can not handle, former state is returned S1010, on the other hand, if can handle, execution is handled (S1070) corresponding to the application of using ID, returns S1010.

Then, the details of the frequency scanning of carrying out with flowchart text S1010 shown in Figure 25.

After starting this processing, at first, obtain the positional information (S1110) of expression vehicle current location from the guider of outside etc., based on this positional information, read device information on the road in corresponding zone from memory, according to device information on this road, the switch mode and the summary (below be called " unit number ") of unit cell that constitutes the one-period of switch mode are set at Umax (S1120).

Here, Figure 26 (a) is illustrated in from the road device information and is judged as and must measures the switch mode of setting under the situation of whole frequency bands, and unit number Umax is 15.Specifically, carry out ETC frequency band B5 with 2 unit cells, when B7 measured, order was carried out the mensuration of one of other frequency bands Fed1～Fed5 with a unit cell at every turn.That is, under the situation that is applied as the ETC application that device provides on the road, car-mounted device 40 is specified service band in 3 unit cells, and beginning ETC uses.

Figure 26 (b) is illustrated in from the road device information and is judged as the switch mode of setting under the situation that is in the zone that the application of ETC beyond using is provided, and unit number Umax is 2.Specifically, because unnecessary mensuration frequency band Fed1～Fed5 only carries out ETC frequency band B5 repeatedly, B7 measures.

And, will be used for the count value of the counter of unit number counting is initialized as 1 (S1130), from handling the velocity information (S1140) that obtains the expression Vehicle Speed from the ECU of the signal of vehicle speed sensor etc.According to this velocity information, shown in Figure 26 (c), set unit cell for travel speed fast unit cell time short more (S1150) more, start the timer (S1160) that is used to measure this unit cell time.

Then measure the electric field strength (S1170) of the frequency band corresponding, judge that this electric field strength is whether more than the predetermined lower limit value (S1180) with i unit cell in the switch mode based on count value.And, judge the timer that starts among the S1160 in front whether overtime (S1190) if the electric field ratio lower limit is little, if do not have overtimely, return S1170, repeatedly the mensuration of electric field strength.On the other hand, under the situation of timer expired, (S1200) more than the predetermined distance moved in the place that judges whether the positional information that obtains from the S1110 of front, if moved more than the predetermined distance, return S1110, carry out positional information and obtain setting again with switch mode, the mensuration of electric field strength repeatedly.

When not mobile predetermined distance is above, the count value i of counter is increased by 1 (S1210), judge that count value i is whether greater than the unit number Umax (S1220) of switch mode, if greater than unit number Umax, after the count value of counter is initialized as 1 (S1230), return S1140, on the other hand, if below the unit number Umax, then do not make any action former state and return S1140.

Among the S1180 in front, be more than the predetermined lower limit value, will store (S1240) as detecting frequency, finish this processing corresponding to the centre frequency of the frequency band of i unit if measure the electric field strength obtain.

But, the following setting of unit cell time.That is, establishing Vehicle Speed is V[m/s], the size of the communication zone that installs on the road is s[m] time, the time tp that vehicle needs by communication zone can use formula (1) expression.

Tp＝s/V[s] (1)

Usually, this needs to comprise in the time tp retry, sets the total data amount, and making provides a succession of communication of application need can be more than 3 times.For example, s=5[m], V=10[m/s] when (=36[km/h]), tp=500[ms], can be used for providing the time of application to be about 170[ms] (=tp/3), V=30[m/s] (108[km/h]) time, tp=167[ms], can be used for providing the time of application to be about 50[ms].

The one-period of switch mode is determined the unit cell time, as mentioned above, changes from maximum 15 unit cells, and the one-period of this switch mode is used spendable time 50～170[ms for providing] for very little.For example, the one-period of establishing switch mode is 1[ms], the unit cell time becomes 1/15[ms] about.

In the application beyond the ETC since in stopping or the communication of extremely low speed be prerequisite, for being that unit guarantees time of providing application to utilize as mentioned above, to be applied as the center with ETC and to set switch mode and unit cell time with the second, can guarantee the sufficient processing time.

In the present embodiment, S1170 is suitable with the electric field strength components of assays, and S1210～s1230 is suitable with the frequency switching part, it is suitable that S1110 and position obtain parts, it is suitable that S1140 and speed are obtained parts, and memory 46 is suitable with memory unit, and S1120 is suitable with the switch mode set parts.

As above explanation like that, in the car-mounted device of present embodiment, by according to switching predetermined frequency band B1～B7 ordered retrieval, device is specified to provide and is used the frequency band that uses on the road, and the occurrence frequency that switch mode is set the ETC frequency band for increases.

Therefore,, not only can use a plurality of frequency bands to realize multiple application, and when the road device provides ETC to use according to the car-mounted device of present embodiment, can fast detecting to and begin application fast.Consequently can when vehicle is relatively run at high speed, carry out, use even handle short ETC of allowed time, the abundant time that the retry that also can fully guarantee to communicate by letter is used, and then fully guarantee the reliability of communicating by letter.

In the car-mounted device of present embodiment, positional information appointed area according to the expression vehicle location, only use the frequency band that device uses on the road in the zone of this appointment to set switch mode, change as every mensuration unit cell time of the minute of each frequency band once simultaneously according to the velocity information of expression Vehicle Speed, make travel speed fast more, the time is short more.

Therefore,, can not install the frequency band that in application is provided, uses on the specified circuit in vain,, can fully guarantee to carry out the processing time of application even when running at high speed according to the car-mounted device of present embodiment.

In present embodiment, electric field strength test section 12 constitutes the electric field strength of measuring some frequency bands from the frequency band B1～B7 that sets, but can constitute the electric field strength of measuring a plurality of frequency bands simultaneously.

In the present embodiment, according to positional information change switch mode or according to the positional information Request for Change bit location time, but can be switch mode and unit cell in the time side or both sides fix.

And, in the present embodiment, use use ETC application as the appointment that occurrence frequency in the switch mode increases, but in addition, can use the relevant application of electronic car licence plate of reading information of vehicles with the vehicle from travel, use as specifying.

Application beyond the ETC that provides as device on the road, for example be provided with on the road and install in the parking lot in market, with the page download in this market in vehicle, notify the sales information and the action message in market to client, or further, in the such e-machine of PDA and portable phone, can be used for providing counter service with this information stores.

Be provided with on the road in the parking lot of convenience store and install, need not get off and just can carry out various money payments, just can receive in car perhaps that music sends and recreation sends.Also can only use as message board.

Be provided with on the road at EXIT and install, near the vehicle notice parking lot the outlet of travelling has vehicle to withdraw from.By near the road that is provided with the road, installing, can provide the information (for example, crossing title etc.) of Real-time Traffic Information, notice current location in various places.

And, also constitute: be applicable to the transportation management system of bus and taxi or load-carrying lorry etc., reception and registration that can be by the communicate by letter operation conditions of carrying out each vehicle, the assurance of prestowage situation and the accident information of each vehicle etc. that install on the car-mounted device that loads on each vehicle and the road etc.

Claims (3)

1. the car-mounted device of communication usefulness between a bus, be used for vehicle running path near on the road that is provided with device communicate by letter, it is characterized in that described car-mounted device comprises:

The electric field strength components of assays of be loaded on the vehicle, the electric field strength of the frequency band of the signal that receives and the frequency band that mensuration is set is installed in identification from described road;

The speed that obtains Vehicle Speed is obtained parts;

The position obtains parts, obtains the current location of vehicle;

Memory unit, in each storage area of distinguishing in advance, storage comprises device information on the road of the information relevant with device uses on the road that is provided with in the zone frequency band on each road at least; And

The switch mode set parts, according to corresponding to above-mentioned current location, be stored in device information on the road of above-mentioned memory unit, set switch mode and the sum of the unit cell time of the one-period that constitutes switch mode, under the situation that is judged as the whole frequency bands of necessary mensuration, the occurrence frequency of switch mode being set for the frequency band that the appointment application that must finish processing in the time that limits is distributed increases, under the situation of judging the frequency band that unnecessary mensuration is all, the switch mode setting is become the frequency band that only the appointment application that must finish processing in the time that limits is distributed measure;

The frequency switching part, set the above-mentioned unit cell time so that described speed to obtain the travel speed that parts obtain fast more, the described unit cell time is short more, according to the switch mode that described switch mode set parts is set, be switching to the frequency band of determination object in the per unit unit time sequencing of setting.

2. according to the car-mounted device of claim 1, it is characterized in that described appointment is used and is and the relevant processing of automatic fee system.

3. according to the car-mounted device of claim 1, it is characterized in that it is the processing relevant with the electronic car licence plate that described appointment is used.

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