CN100531943C - Electronic refuse treatment method - Google Patents
Electronic refuse treatment method Download PDFInfo
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- CN100531943C CN100531943C CNB2006100478076A CN200610047807A CN100531943C CN 100531943 C CN100531943 C CN 100531943C CN B2006100478076 A CNB2006100478076 A CN B2006100478076A CN 200610047807 A CN200610047807 A CN 200610047807A CN 100531943 C CN100531943 C CN 100531943C
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Abstract
The invention which belongs to the field of environmental sciences technology relates to the disposal method of electronic waste material, especially the disposal method of electronic waste material by microwave radiation. Characterized in that the electronic waste material is radiated by microwave and pyrolyzed quickly, combustible gas and chemical product can be gained as well as various metal product can be reclaimed by controlling the temperature of adjusting microwave radiation power. Because of the speediness, high-performance, energy-saving and low cost. The invention settles the technical puzzles of current disposal methods commendably. The resourceful and innocuous disposal of electronic waste material is actualized.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of environmental science, relate to the processing method of electron wastes in the solid waste, specially refer to the method for microwave radiation recycling treatment electron wastes.
Background technology
Electron wastes (also claiming electronic waste) is meant household electrical appliance and electronic products such as television set that people eliminate in daily life or scrap, refrigerator, washing machine, air-conditioner, computer, mobile phone, radio-tape recorder.Along with the arrival of information age, these electronic products and household electrical appliance have become indispensable article in people's life.Yet, the progress of science and technology, the update of new product impels speeding up that electronic product is eliminated, and quantity growth forms electronic waste.Because in electron wastes, particularly contain heavy metal and other poisonous and harmful elements in waste printed circuit board and the electronic original part, as Polychlorinated biphenyls, lead, mercury, chromium etc., if do not carry out environmental management, go to collect and dispose by specialized agency, they will constitute serious harm to existent environment of people and people's health, so electron wastes belongs to a kind of to solid waste ecological, that environment is harmful, the growth of its quantity brings great pressure to environment, and how effectively handling these electron wastes has become a problem demanding prompt solution.
Electron wastes mainly contains inorganic and organic material composition such as cabinet, ironwork, glass, motor, circuit board and electronic component.Wherein except containing some poisonous and hazardous components, also contain material valuable in a large number, recyclable utilization, become the research focus so recycle electron wastes effectively.The recovery of electron wastes is a quite complicated process, and recovery technology commonly used mainly contains mechanical treatment, smelting technique such as hydrometallurgy, pyrometallurgy and incineration technology etc.Although these have obtained breakthrough technically, also there are many insurmountable problems.Obtain the subsequent treatment problem of material as the mechanical treatment technology; Smelting technique focuses on the recovery to metal, can't realize the resource recycling, and wet method then owing to use chemicals, certainly will cause secondary pollution to environment; Burn not only make valuable, can utilize goods and materials to be burnt, produce De bioxin, heavy metal etc. and also be easy to generate secondary pollution and burn.Therefore, the electron wastes recycling technology that research and development are new and effective, the resource degree is high is extremely urgent.
Summary of the invention
Having the purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of is thermal source with the microwave, carries out method and process route that the electron wastes recycling treatment is utilized.
Technical scheme of the present invention comprises the steps:
(1) electron wastes splits: electron wastes such as television set, computer and mobile phone etc. at first split screening and isolate materials such as cabinet, motor, ironwork and available electronic devices and components through artificial, and remainder is parts such as the useless circuit board that can't directly utilize, electronic component.
(2) pulverizing of remainder: the remainder that can't directly utilize such as parts such as circuit board, electronic component are ground into the particle of 10～30mm, as the raw material that carries out microwave radiation pyrolytic reaction.
(3) carrying out microwave irradiation in the above-mentioned remainder adding microwave reactor after pulverizing; Microwave frequency is: 2450MHz; Microwave irradiation power is: 4kw～100kw, preferred 10kw～60kw; Exposure time is: 5～50min, and preferred 10～30min, temperature is controlled to be: 600 ℃～1400 ℃; The tube wall of microwave reactor is by inhaling ripple medium such as raw material of wood-charcoal material, carborundum, titanium dioxide, a kind of formation of di-iron trioxide or tri-iron tetroxide.Its detailed process comprises:
A. selecting microwave irradiation power is 4kw～20kw, the control reaction temperature is 600 ℃～800 ℃, and exposure time is 5～15min, makes the excess electron discarded object under microwave irradiation pyrolytic reaction take place, the product of separating out obtains incoagulability fuel gas and product liquid through condensation; Simultaneously, the metal that the part fusing point is lower also is separated as lead, tin etc.
B. continuing to regulate microwave irradiation power is 20kw～100kw, the control reaction temperature is 900 ℃～1500 ℃, exposure time is 15～30min, make metal fusion under different temperature with different melting points, break away from electronic devices and components and be recovered, obtain purer metal such as copper, zinc, silver, nickel etc.
(4) product liquid obtains oil product after water-oil separating, and further refining back can obtain chemical products as rectifying or extraction.
(5) hot gas that obtains of combustible gas burning can be used for activating the refining thermal source that contains the charcoal solid product or be used for oil product and reclaims its heat.
(6) contain the charcoal solid product and can be used as solid fuel or can further activate and make carbon absorbent or under microwave irradiation, be heated to and make its vitrifying make construction material more than 1400 ℃.
(7) this microwave irradiation course of reaction or intermittent reaction operating process or successive reaction operating process.
Effect of the present invention and benefit are:
The present invention utilizes the microwave irradiation electron wastes, makes it that fast pyrogenation take place, and not only can obtain imflammable gas and chemical products, reclaims various metal products by regulating microwave irradiation power control reaction temperature simultaneously.Therefore, technical characterstic such as that the present invention has is quick, energy-efficient, cost is low solves the existing existing technical barrier of treatment technology preferably, can realize resource, the harmless treatment of electron wastes.
Description of drawings
Accompanying drawing is a processing technology routine schematic diagram of the present invention.
The specific embodiment
Be described in detail the specific embodiment of the present invention and embodiment below in conjunction with technical scheme and accompanying drawing.
Embodiment 1:
The remainder that obtains after the electron wastes fractionation is crushed to below the 30mm, puts into microwave reactor.The tube wall of microwave reactor is respectively raw material of wood-charcoal material and carbofrax material, setting microwave irradiation power is 10kw～15kw, the control reaction temperature is 750 ℃～800 ℃, exposure time is 10min, make excess electron discarded object generation pyrolytic reaction, obtain the gas, liquid, solid product respectively, their product yield is as shown in table 1.The gas composition that obtains by analysis is as shown in table 2, and the composition after oil product is handled is as shown in table 3, and the composition of solid carbon is as shown in table 4.
Table 1 microwave-heating product is formed and yield
Table 2 microwave-heating product gas is formed and content
Table 3 microwave-heating product liquid is formed and content
Table 4. microwave-heating product solid is formed and content
Embodiment 2:
The charcoal solid product that contains that obtains is put into microwave reactor, the tube wall carbofrax material of microwave reactor, regulating microwave irradiation power is 50kw～70kw, the control reaction temperature is 1000 ℃～1500 ℃, exposure time is 15～30min, recovery obtains metal and is respectively copper, zinc, silver, nickel etc., and its productive rate accounts for the copper that is of solid product total amount respectively: silver 25%: zinc 0.1%: nickel 1.5%: 0.5%
Embodiment 3:
The charcoal solid that contains that will obtain after above-mentioned processing is put into microwave reactor and is activated the preparation carbon absorbent.Activator is fuel gas or superheated vapour, and activation temperature is 800 ℃～1000 ℃, and soak time is 30～45min, and microwave irradiation power is 10kw.The absorption property of the carbon absorbent that obtains is: specific area=780m
2/ g, iodine sorption value=690mg/g, benzene adsorptive value=400mg/g, methylene blue adsorptive value=103mg/g.
Claims (6)
1. method of handling electron wastes, its feature may further comprise the steps:
(1) electron wastes is split as cabinet, motor, ironwork and other can directly utilize material, can not directly utilizes material to be ground into the particle of 10～30mm, as the raw material that carries out microwave radiation pyrolytic reaction;
(2) carry out microwave irradiation in the raw material adding microwave reactor; Microwave frequency is 2450MHz; Microwave irradiation power is 4kw～100kw, and exposure time is 5～50min, and temperature is controlled to be 600 ℃～1600 ℃; The tube wall of microwave reactor is to constitute by inhaling the ripple medium; Its detailed process comprises:
A. regulating microwave irradiation power is 4kw～20kw, the control reaction temperature is 600 ℃～800 ℃, and exposure time is 5～15min, makes the excess electron discarded object under microwave irradiation pyrolytic reaction take place, the product of separating out obtains incoagulability fuel gas and product liquid through condensation; Simultaneously, the metal that the part fusing point is lower also is separated;
B. regulating microwave irradiation power is 20kw～100kw, the control reaction temperature is 900 ℃～1500 ℃, and exposure time is 15～30min, makes the metal fusion under different temperature with different melting points, break away from electronic devices and components and be recovered, obtain copper, zinc, silver and nickel;
C. product liquid obtains oil product after water-oil separating, further obtains chemical products behind rectifying or the extracting and refining;
D. the hot gas that obtains of combustible gas burning is used to activate the refining thermal source that contains the charcoal solid product or be used for oil product and reclaims its heat;
E. contain the charcoal solid product as solid fuel or further activation make carbon absorbent, or under microwave irradiation, be heated to and make its vitrifying make construction material more than 1400 ℃.
2. a kind of method of handling electron wastes according to claim 1, the process condition that it is characterized in that the microwave treatment electron wastes are that microwave frequency is 2450MHz; Microwave irradiation power is 10kw～60kw; Exposure time is 10～30min, and temperature is controlled to be 600 ℃～1600 ℃.
3. a kind of method of handling electron wastes according to claim 1, the suction ripple medium that it is characterized in that constituting the tube wall of microwave reactor is a kind of formation of carborundum, titanium dioxide, di-iron trioxide or tri-iron tetroxide.
4. a kind of method of handling electron wastes according to claim 1 is characterized in that the microwave irradiation course of reaction is intermittent reaction operating process or successive reaction operating process.
5. a kind of method of handling electron wastes according to claim 1 is characterized in that being used to activate the activator that contains the charcoal solid is a kind of of product fuel gas or superheated vapour.
6. a kind of method of handling electron wastes according to claim 1, the suction ripple medium that it is characterized in that constituting the tube wall of microwave reactor are that the raw material of wood-charcoal material constitutes.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CNB2006100478076A CN100531943C (en) | 2006-09-16 | 2006-09-16 | Electronic refuse treatment method |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CNB2006100478076A CN100531943C (en) | 2006-09-16 | 2006-09-16 | Electronic refuse treatment method |
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| CN1927480A CN1927480A (en) | 2007-03-14 |
| CN100531943C true CN100531943C (en) | 2009-08-26 |
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| CNB2006100478076A Expired - Fee Related CN100531943C (en) | 2006-09-16 | 2006-09-16 | Electronic refuse treatment method |
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Families Citing this family (18)
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| CN101274329B (en) * | 2008-04-23 | 2010-09-08 | 王威平 | Flash smelting and electric stove clean techniques for processing waste circuit board |
| CN101898196B (en) * | 2010-07-23 | 2012-05-16 | 中国科学院广州能源研究所 | Method and device for recycling electronic waste with complex components |
| CN102441553B (en) * | 2010-10-12 | 2014-07-02 | 深圳市格林美高新技术股份有限公司 | Method and device for recovering precious metals from precious metal electronic scraps |
| CN102441554A (en) * | 2010-10-13 | 2012-05-09 | 宋金有 | Method for recycling valuable resources of waste glass fiber reinforced plastics and waste circuit boards |
| WO2012048462A1 (en) * | 2010-10-13 | 2012-04-19 | Song Jinyou | Method for recovering valuable resource from waste gfrp and waste circuit board |
| CN102069086B (en) * | 2010-11-17 | 2013-01-09 | 山东大学 | Method for reclaiming and treating electronic waste |
| CN103846273B (en) * | 2014-03-13 | 2016-08-17 | 北京神雾环境能源科技集团股份有限公司 | The method and system of process circuit plate |
| CN103831287B (en) * | 2014-03-13 | 2016-02-24 | 北京神雾环境能源科技集团股份有限公司 | The method of process circuit plate |
| US11884992B2 (en) | 2016-02-08 | 2024-01-30 | Newsouth Innovations Pty Limited | Method, apparatus and system for processing a composite waste source |
| CN105817462B (en) * | 2016-03-23 | 2019-01-25 | 中山大学 | A kind of technical method of waste and old circuit board electronic component high added value recycling |
| CN105817461B (en) * | 2016-03-23 | 2019-01-25 | 中山大学 | A kind of device of waste and old circuit board electronic component high added value recycling |
| CN106345794A (en) * | 2016-11-03 | 2017-01-25 | 四川长虹电器股份有限公司 | Waste circuit board microwave anaerobic splitting treatment method |
| CN106702164B (en) * | 2017-01-05 | 2019-01-01 | 北京科技大学 | Recycle the method and device of valuable metal step by step from waste electronic wiring board particle |
| CN109967487A (en) * | 2019-02-19 | 2019-07-05 | 昆明理工大学 | The method and apparatus of ionic liquid resource utilization waste and old circuit board |
| CN112570416B (en) * | 2019-09-27 | 2023-05-12 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Method for cracking circuit board at high temperature by microwaves and application thereof |
| CN113528829A (en) * | 2021-07-09 | 2021-10-22 | 陕西青朗万城环保科技有限公司 | Process for recovering metals in electronic garbage by microwaves |
| CN113483332A (en) * | 2021-07-09 | 2021-10-08 | 陕西青朗万城环保科技有限公司 | Method for treating electronic garbage through microwave pyrolysis and control system thereof |
| CN114309023B (en) * | 2021-11-22 | 2023-03-21 | 中国科学院理化技术研究所 | Low-temperature and low-power carbon-containing material microwave treatment process |
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