CN105817462B - A kind of technical method of waste and old circuit board electronic component high added value recycling - Google Patents
A kind of technical method of waste and old circuit board electronic component high added value recycling Download PDFInfo
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- CN105817462B CN105817462B CN201610168304.8A CN201610168304A CN105817462B CN 105817462 B CN105817462 B CN 105817462B CN 201610168304 A CN201610168304 A CN 201610168304A CN 105817462 B CN105817462 B CN 105817462B
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- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 74
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 54
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 90
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 90
- 238000007158 vacuum pyrolysis Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethene Chemical compound C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 claims description 60
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 claims description 60
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 claims description 38
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 150000003384 small molecules Chemical class 0.000 claims description 10
- 241000772415 Neovison vison Species 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000011218 segmentation Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000002309 gasification Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 20
- 238000005272 metallurgy Methods 0.000 abstract description 19
- 238000000197 pyrolysis Methods 0.000 abstract description 19
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 45
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 33
- 238000001291 vacuum drying Methods 0.000 description 10
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 150000001336 alkenes Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000011135 tin Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 4
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N olefin Natural products CCCCCCCC=C JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 4
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000010793 electronic waste Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004817 gas chromatography Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000002441 X-ray diffraction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000295 fuel oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004128 high performance liquid chromatography Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052755 nonmetal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010792 warming Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910000861 Mg alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 208000027418 Wounds and injury Diseases 0.000 description 1
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 208000014674 injury Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000011133 lead Substances 0.000 description 1
- JQJCSZOEVBFDKO-UHFFFAOYSA-N lead zinc Chemical compound [Zn].[Pb] JQJCSZOEVBFDKO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002910 solid waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B09B3/00—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B09B3/00—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
- B09B3/40—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless involving thermal treatment, e.g. evaporation
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B09B5/00—Operations not covered by a single other subclass or by a single other group in this subclass
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/82—Recycling of waste of electrical or electronic equipment [WEEE]
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
- Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of technical method of waste and old circuit board electronic component high added value recycling and its applications.This method is by method associated with vacuum pyrolysis, vacuum metallurgy and fractional condensaion method phase, vacuum pyrolysis makes nonmetallic ingredient be pyrolyzed olefiant gas, vacuum metallurgy makes metal component gasify, fractional condensaion obtains various oil gas and various metal components respectively, and multiphase is implemented in combination with to metal in waste and old circuit board electronic component and the recycling of nonmetallic high added value.Method of the invention can be using waste and old circuit board electronic component as raw material, finally obtain various pyrolysis oil gas and various elemental metals, realize the high added value resource utilization of waste and old circuit board electronic component, and simple process, recovery efficiency are high, and the metal and nonmetallic resource added value height of recycling, object without secondary pollution discharge, there is significant economic benefit and environmental benefit.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to solid waste resource recovery technical fields.More particularly, to a kind of waste and old circuit board electronics member
The technical method of device high added value recycling, metal and nonmetallic in specifically a kind of efficient waste and old circuit board electronic component
The technical method of high added value resource utilization.
Background technique
With the continuous development of information technology and the quickening of electronic product update speed, the whole world is more and more waste and old
Electronics and electrical equipment are eliminated, and form a large amount of electronic waste.Annual about 2,000 ten thousand to 5,000 ten thousand tons of Waste ammunition quilts
It abandons, and is increased with 3%~5% speed.And waste elements are primarily present on the wiring board in various electronic wastes, with
Its storage of the growth of electronic waste is also being continuously increased.Containing various metals and nonmetallic in waste and old electric component, such as metal
Titanium, tin, aluminium, lead etc. and gas chromatography pollutant etc. are not only a kind of waste of resource if be not recycled,
Also very big pollution can be caused to environment.
Currently, carrying out wet process or fire to residue again after the domestic mainly burning to the recovery processing of waste and old electric component
Method metallurgy, to extract metal therein；But such method is more original, and most of burning process is outdoor progress, it can be to
The a large amount of pollutant of environmental emission, does not meet the theory of green production at this stage.In addition, patent ZL200910091995.6 is " useless
Abandon the recycling and reuse method of electronic component " a kind of new recycling side is proposed for metal in waste electronic element
Method, the relatively high metal concentrate of the available taste of the method are substantially without secondary pollution；But due to its resulting gold
Belong to the mixture that enrichment body is various metals, subsequent separating treatment is more troublesome, and added value is not high, and waste and old electric component
In Non-metallic components not recycled effectively, be unfavorable for industrialization promotion.
Therefore, to improve metal and nonmetallic recovery efficiency and added value in waste and old circuit board electronic component, and to the greatest extent
It is likely to reduced its injury caused by environment in removal process, needs a kind of efficient, environmental protection and the recovery method convenient for promoting.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome lacking for existing waste and old electric component again application technology as the second resource
Fall into and insufficient, a kind of method of metal and nonmetallic high added value recycling in waste and old circuit board electronic component be provided, be by
Vacuum pyrolysis, vacuum metallurgy and fractional condensaion method are mutually combined, and are sent into vacuum after being first crushed waste and old circuit board electronic component
It is dried in furnace, recycles vacuum pump that will be evacuated to vacuum state in furnace, heated using external heating element thereafter, heated
Be divided into two stages: the first stage certain temperature (boiling points of nonmetallic materials) will be heated in furnace after make in broken component
Nonmetallic ingredient (the predominantly plastic skin of component) be pyrolyzed olefiant gas, by three-level segmentation condensation, (condensation temperature is not lower than
With the boiling point of oil) liquefaction, light oil, mink cell focus and small molecule on-condensible gas are obtained, is collected respectively；Second stage continues
Metal component each in waste and old circuit board electronic component (titanium, tin and other metals) are heated in heating, enter after gasification subsequent
In fractional condenser, each condenser temperatures are determined according to the boiling point of each metal under vacuum conditions, so that different boiling
Metal successively liquefy, to complete the separation of different metal, recycling obtains the higher elemental metals of purity.This method is being realized
On the basis of metal and nonmetallic high added value recycle in waste and old circuit board electronic component, while being also equipped with efficient and environmental-friendly
The advantages of.
Specifically, the object of the present invention is to provide the technical sides of waste and old circuit board electronic component high added value recycling
Method.
Another object of the present invention is to provide the application of above-mentioned waste and old circuit board electronic component high added value method of resource.
Above-mentioned purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:
A kind of technical method of waste and old circuit board electronic component high added value recycling is by vacuum pyrolysis, vacuum smelting
Method associated with gold and fractional condensaion method phase, vacuum pyrolysis make nonmetallic ingredient be pyrolyzed olefiant gas, and vacuum metallurgy makes metal component
Gasification, fractional condensaion obtain various oil gas and various metal components respectively, and multiphase is implemented in combination with to waste and old circuit board electronics member device
Metal and the recycling of nonmetallic high added value in part.
Wherein, the vacuum pyrolysis and vacuum metallurgy are divided into two stages progress, and the first stage is first to heat to certain temperature
Range carries out vacuum pyrolysis, so that the Non-metallic components in broken component are pyrolyzed olefiant gas；Second stage continues heating and carries out
Vacuum metallurgy makes the Metal gasification in remainder.
Specifically, the method for above-mentioned waste and old circuit board electronic component recycling is first by waste and old circuit board electronics member
Device carries out vacuum pyrolysis, so that nonmetallic ingredient (the predominantly plastic skin of component) reaches boiling point pyrolysis olefiant gas, then leads to
Cross fractional condensaion (boiling point that condensation temperature is lower than different oil) liquefaction；It then continues to heating and carries out vacuum metallurgy, so that each metal
Component (titanium, tin and other metals) heating and gasifying, then by fractional condensaion (according to each metal boiling point under vacuum conditions come
Determine the temperature range of condensations at different levels) metal of different boiling is successively liquefied.
More specifically, the method for above-mentioned waste and old circuit board electronic component recycling, is first by waste and old circuit board electronics
Component is broken, and various metals, nonmetallic materials is enable to will be completely dissociated, and is sent into vacuum plant (such as vacuum drying oven) and is done
It is dry, it recycles vacuum pump that will be evacuated to vacuum state in device, then vacuum plant is heated using external heating element；Institute
State heating and be divided into two stages: the first stage is to be first heated to the boiling points of nonmetallic materials to make nonmetallic ingredient (predominantly
The plastic skin of component) pyrolysis olefiant gas, then liquefied by three-level segmentation condensation (boiling point that condensation temperature is lower than different oil), point
Light oil, mink cell focus and small molecule on-condensible gas are not obtained；Second stage is to continue heat temperature raising, by waste and old circuit board electronics member
Each metal component (titanium, tin and other metals) heating and gasifying in device, then by fractional condensaion (according to each metal in vacuum item
Boiling point under part determines the temperature ranges of condensations at different levels) metal of different boiling is successively liquefied.
Further, the three-level segmentation condensation of above-mentioned first stage is needed the vacuum pyrolysis stage in addition to on-condensible gas
Under oil gas all condenses, and the fractional condensaion of the second stage needs all to condense the metallic vapour in the vacuum metallurgy stage
Come, avoids its pollution pyrolysis oil gas.
Moreover, the heating temperature in above-mentioned each stage and the condensation temperature of condensation at different levels are according to the metal and heat of required recycling
The boiling point of oil gas under vacuum conditions is solved to be arranged；And need to remain vacuum state in whole process, while will not coagulate
Gas extraction, is such as pumped into gas tank for on-condensible gas and stores.
A kind of technical method of waste and old circuit board electronic component high added value recycling, including it is sequentially connected broken
Portion, heating in vacuum portion, metal component fractional condensaion portion, nonmetallic ingredient fractional condensaion portion and on-condensible gas collection portion.
Wherein, metal component fractional condensaion portion includes several sequentially connected multi-stage condensings, and described nonmetallic group
Dividing fractional condensaion portion includes 3 sequentially connected three-levels condensations.
It is highly preferred that metal component fractional condensaion portion includes that level-one condensation, B-grade condensation and three-level condense, it is described non-
Metal component fractional condensaion portion includes level Four condensation, Pyatyi condensation and six grades of condensations.
In addition, start-up operation when above-mentioned nonmetallic ingredient fractional condensaion portion is heated in the first stage, and metal component is classified
It just starts to work when second stage heats condensation part.
When rear three-level condensation (level Four condensation, Pyatyi condensation and six grades of condensations) i.e. in fractional condensaion is heated in the first stage
It starts to work, and preceding three-level condensation (level-one condensation, B-grade condensation and three-level condensation) is just started to work in second stage heating.
The method of above-mentioned waste and old circuit board electronic component high added value recycling and above-mentioned waste and old circuit board electronics member
Application of the system of device high added value resource utilization in terms of waste and old circuit board electronic component resource utilization, all at this
Within the protection scope of invention.
Specifically in use, main process is as follows:
(1) first waste and old circuit board electronic component is crushed with crusher, enables various metals, nonmetallic materials
It will be completely dissociated；
(2) broken electronic component is sent into vacuum plant (such as vacuum drying oven), vacuum plant, which vacuumizes, (reduces environment
Lower material boiling point, is greatly lowered energy consumption, while material being avoided to react with the oxygen in air, and will not under vacuum tightness environment
There is pollutant to enter environment) after begin to warm up；
(3) it is heated, heating is divided into two stages: first stage: (non-by certain temperature is heated in vacuum plant furnace
The boiling point of metal material) after the nonmetallic ingredient (the predominantly plastic skin of component) in broken component is pyrolyzed into oil
Gas, three-level condensation starts to work and (adjusts condenser temperature by boiling point under pyrolysis oil vacuum condition) after fractional condensaion, by pyrolysis oil
Condensation liquefaction, a small amount of small molecule on-condensible gas are collected by tail portion collecting tank；Second stage: continuing to heat up, and vacuum smelting is entered in furnace
In the golden stage, Metal gasification, which enters in preceding three-level condenser, (determines each condenser according to each metal boiling point under vacuum conditions
Temperature range) so that the metal of different boiling successively liquefies, to complete the separation of different metal, it is recovered to various elemental golds
Belong to.
(4) vacuum plant releases vacuum state, takes out the elemental metals and pyrolysis oil in condensers at different levels, completes to waste and old
Metal and the recycling of nonmetallic high added value in circuit board electronic component.
Method system of the invention has the characteristics that following obvious:
(1) nonmetallic ingredient in broken electronic component is made to be pyrolyzed olefiant gas respectively using Vacuum Heat solution, and then will be non-
Metal component is successively separated；
(2) so that metal component in broken electronic component is gasified respectively using vacuum metallurgy method, and then metal component is divided
It separates out and；
(3) two sections of heatings are used, vacuum pyrolysis and vacuum metallurgy is successively realized, avoids nonmetallic ingredient to metal component
The influence of subsequent recovery；
(4) fractional condensaion method is used, adjusts condensations at different levels according to the boiling point of pyrolysis oil and each metal under vacuum conditions
Temperature, so as to respectively need to recycle component condensation, to complete to metal in waste and old circuit board electronic component and nonmetallic
High added value recycling, while a small amount of on-condensible gas of small molecule is collected.
The invention has the following advantages:
Method of the invention can finally obtain various pyrolysis oil gas and each using waste and old circuit board electronic component as raw material
Kind elemental metals realize the high added value resource utilization of waste and old circuit board electronic component, and simple process, recovery efficiency
Height, and the metal recycled and nonmetallic resource added value height, object without secondary pollution discharge, have significant economic benefit and environment
Benefit.
In addition, the method for the present invention carries out under vacuum conditions, material boiling point under environment is reduced, energy consumption is greatly lowered, together
When avoid material from reacting with the oxygen in air, and pollutant is not had under vacuum tightness environment and enters environment, it is waste and old realizing
On the basis of metal and nonmetallic high added value recycle in circuit board electronic component, while being also equipped with efficient and environmental-friendly
Advantage.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is metal and nonmetallic high added value method of resource system in a kind of waste and old circuit board electronic component of the present invention
The technical process figure of system；In figure: 1 is broken waste and old electric component；2 be crusher；3 be vacuum drying oven；4 be Vacuum Heat
Residue after solution；5 condense for level-one；6 be B-grade condensation；7 condense for three-level；8 are pyrolyzed oil gas for nonmetallic ingredient；9 be four
Grade condensation;10 condense for Pyatyi；11 be six grades of condensations；12 be a small amount of small molecule on-condensible gas.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is further illustrated below in conjunction with Figure of description and specific embodiment, but embodiment is not to the present invention
It limits in any form.Unless stated otherwise, the present invention uses reagent, method and apparatus routinely try for the art
Agent, method and apparatus.
Unless stated otherwise, following embodiment agents useful for same and material are commercially available.
1 waste and old circuit board electronic component high added value resource utilization method of embodiment
A kind of method of waste and old circuit board electronic component high added value recycling is first by waste and old circuit board electronics member
Device is broken, and various metals, nonmetallic materials is enable to will be completely dissociated, and is sent into vacuum plant (such as vacuum drying oven) and is dried,
It recycles vacuum pump that will be evacuated to vacuum state in device, then vacuum plant is heated using external heating element；It is described
Heating is divided into two stages: the first stage is to be first heated to the boiling points of nonmetallic materials to make nonmetallic ingredient (predominantly first
The plastic skin of device) pyrolysis olefiant gas, then by three-level segmentation condensation (boiling point that condensation temperature is lower than different oil) liquefaction, respectively
Obtain light oil, mink cell focus and small molecule on-condensible gas；Second stage is to continue heat temperature raising, by waste and old circuit board electronics member device
Each metal component (titanium, tin and other metals) heating and gasifying in part, then by fractional condensaion (according to each metal in vacuum condition
Under boiling point determine the temperature ranges of condensations at different levels) metal of different boiling is successively liquefied.
2 waste and old circuit board electronic component resource utilization method of embodiment
A kind of method of metal and nonmetallic high added value recycling in waste and old circuit board electronic component, is by Vacuum Heat
Solution, vacuum metallurgy are mutually combined with fractional condensaion method, first by waste and old circuit board electronic component it is broken after be sent into vacuum drying oven into
Row drying is recycled vacuum pump that will be evacuated to vacuum state in furnace, is heated using external heating element thereafter, and heating is divided into two
A stage: the first stage will be heated to making the non-gold in broken component after certain temperature (boiling points of nonmetallic materials) in furnace
Belong to component (the predominantly plastic skin of component) and be pyrolyzed olefiant gas, (condensation temperature is lower than different oil by three-level segmentation condensation
Boiling point) liquefaction, light oil, mink cell focus and small molecule on-condensible gas are obtained, is collected respectively；Second stage continues to heat up,
After metal component each in waste and old circuit board electronic component (titanium, tin and other metals) heating and gasifying, into subsequent hierarchical
In condenser, each condenser temperatures are determined according to the boiling point of each metal under vacuum conditions, so that the gold of different boiling
Category successively liquefies, to complete the separation of different metal, recycling obtains the higher elemental metals of purity.
3 waste and old circuit board electronic component high added value resource utilization system of embodiment
A kind of system of waste and old circuit board electronic component high added value resource utilization, as shown in Figure 1,1 is broken
Waste and old electric component；2 be crusher；3 be vacuum drying oven；4 be the residue after vacuum pyrolysis；5 condense for level-one；6 be second level
Condensation；7 condense for three-level；8 are pyrolyzed oil gas for nonmetallic ingredient；9 condense for level Four;10 condense for Pyatyi；11 be six grades of condensations；
12 be a small amount of small molecule on-condensible gas.
Wherein, one, two, three condensation 5,6,7 condenses for first three road, for condensing and separating metallic vapour, into vacuum smelting
The golden stage reruns；Four, five, six grades of 9,10,11 Wei Hou tri- of condensation condensations, for condensing and separating pyrolysis oil, in vacuum pyrolysis
Stage brings into operation.
It to on-condensible gas 12, is handled after collection, avoids direct emission to reduce the harm to environment.
4 waste and old circuit board electronic component high added value resource utilization of embodiment
Waste and old circuit is carried out using waste and old circuit board electronic component high added value resource utilization system described in embodiment 3
The resource utilization of plate electronic component is sent into vacuum drying oven 3 after being first crushed waste and old circuit board electronic component with crusher 2
In, (the molten boiling point of material can reduce vacuum stove evacuation under vacuum environment, energy consumption can be greatly lowered, and avoid itself and oxygen
Reaction) it begins to warm up after the completion.
Heating process is divided into two stages progress: the boiling point that nonmetallic materials are heated in furnace being entered vacuum pyrolysis first
In the stage, so that the nonmetallic ingredient in broken component: (this stage needs perseverance to the plastic skin pyrolysis olefiant gas of such as component
Temperature enables nonmetallic ingredient to be pyrolyzed completely in certain temperature section enough time), rear three-level condensation 9,10,11 is started to work
(adjusting condenser temperatures according to boiling point under different pyrolysis oil vacuum conditions) will enter pyrolysis oil therein air cooling lime set
Change, to complete the separation to different boiling pyrolysis oil.Continue the boiling point for being heated to metal component, into vacuum metallurgy rank
Section, the metal component in residue starts to gasify.Preceding three-level condensation 5,6,7 enters working condition (according to each metal in vacuum item
Boiling point under part determines each condenser temperatures) so that the metal of different boiling successively liquefies, form the higher gold of purity
Belong to simple substance, complete the separation of different metal, need to guarantee this three-level condensation energy total condensation liquefaction metal gas, after preventing it from entering
Three-level condensation pollution pyrolysis oil.
After vacuum drying oven 3 releases vacuum state, the elemental metals and pyrolysis oil in condensers at different levels are taken out, are completed to waste and old electricity
Metal and the recycling of nonmetallic high added value in the plate electronic component of road.A small amount of small molecule fixed gas that the vacuum pyrolysis stage generates
Body 12 is pumped into gas tank by evacuator and remains subsequent processing, avoids being directly discharged into atmosphere pollution environment.
5 waste and old circuit board electronic component high added value resource utilization example of embodiment
1, material
Waste and old CD capacitor 100
2, high added value resource utilization is carried out to the waste and old circuit board electronic component using method of the invention, specifically
Steps are as follows:
By waste and old CD capacitor all with broken crusher machine, make one of the various metals, it is nonmetallic will be completely dissociated, then sent
Enter in vacuum furnace body, is recycled using the high added value that system described in embodiment 4 carries out waste and old CD capacitor, removal process is divided into vacuum
Pyrolysis is carried out with the two stages of vacuum metallurgy.It is Celsius that 700 are warming up to after vacuum drying oven is evacuated in 0.1~1 pa vacuum ranges
Degree carries out vacuum pyrolysis, opens simultaneously the condensation of rear three-level, their temperature be set to 290 degrees Celsius, 180 degrees Celsius, it is 40 Celsius
Degree obtains three kinds of oil gas so that the oil gas that the vacuum pyrolysis stage generates is condensed in this three-level.
It is continuously heating to 1600 degrees Celsius after ten minutes in 700 degrees Celsius of heat preservations, carries out vacuum metallurgy, opens simultaneously first three
Grade condensation, their temperature distinguish 1200 degrees Celsius, 1000 degrees Celsius, 600 degrees Celsius, so that the metal that the vacuum metallurgy stage generates
Steam liquefies in this three-level, obtains three kinds of metals.
The on-condensible gas that two stages generate is collected by collecting tank.
Analysis of oil is carried out to mink cell focus using high performance liquid chromatography, is carried out using gas-chromatography centering matter oil, light oil
Analysis of oil.Utilize XRD(X x ray diffraction) metal after grinding is analyzed.
3, result
(1) pyrolysis oil gas is obtained: as the result is shown, wherein heavy oil yield is smaller, includes a small amount of styrene and third in component
The high polymer of olefin(e) acid ester, it may be possible in temperature-rise period caused by melting evaporation；The component of middle matter oil is mainly styrene monomer, third
Olefin(e) acid ester monomer and its derivative；It include a variety of alkene in light oil.
(2) metal: the very high metallic aluminium simple substance of purity, the very high metallic tin simple substance of purity, lead zinc magnesium alloy is obtained.
6 waste and old circuit board electronic component high added value resource utilization example of embodiment
1, material
Waste and old CBB electric capacity 100.
2, by waste and old CBB electric capacity all with broken crusher machine, make one of the various metals, it is nonmetallic will be completely dissociated, then will
It is sent into vacuum furnace body, is recycled using the high added value that system described in embodiment 4 carries out waste and old CBB electric capacity, removal process point
It is carried out for vacuum pyrolysis and the two stages of vacuum metallurgy.It is warming up to after vacuum drying oven is evacuated in 0.1~1 pa vacuum ranges
700 degrees Celsius, carry out vacuum pyrolysis, open simultaneously the condensation of rear three-level, their temperature be set to 290 degrees Celsius, it is 180 Celsius
Degree, 40 degrees Celsius obtain three kinds of oil gas so that the oil gas that the vacuum pyrolysis stage generates is condensed in this three-level.
It is continuously heating to 1600 degrees Celsius after ten minutes in 700 degrees Celsius of heat preservations, carries out vacuum metallurgy, opens simultaneously first three
Grade condensation, their temperature distinguish 1200 degrees Celsius, 1000 degrees Celsius, 600 degrees Celsius, so that the metal that the vacuum metallurgy stage generates
Steam liquefies in this three-level, obtains three kinds of metals.
The on-condensible gas that two stages generate is collected by collecting tank.
Analysis of oil is carried out to mink cell focus using high performance liquid chromatography, is carried out using gas-chromatography centering matter oil, light oil
Analysis of oil.Utilize XRD(X x ray diffraction) metal after grinding is analyzed.
3, result
(1) pyrolysis oil gas is obtained: as the result is shown, wherein heavy oil yield is smaller, includes a small amount of styrene and third in component
The high polymer of olefin(e) acid ester, it may be possible in temperature-rise period caused by melting evaporation；The component of middle matter oil is mainly styrene monomer, third
Olefin(e) acid ester monomer and its derivative；It include a variety of alkene in light oil.
(2) metal: the very high metallic aluminium simple substance of purity, the very high metallic tin simple substance of purity, the very high zinc list of purity is obtained
Matter.
Claims (3)
1. a kind of method of waste and old circuit board electronic component high added value recycling, which is characterized in that first by waste and old circuit
Plate electronic component is broken, is sent into vacuum plant and is dried, then will be evacuated to vacuum state in device, is then added using external
Thermal element heats vacuum plant；The heating is divided into two stages: the first stage is to be first heated to nonmetallic materials
Boiling point make nonmetallic ingredient be pyrolyzed olefiant gas, then by three-level segmentation condensation liquefaction, respectively obtain light oil, mink cell focus and
Small molecule on-condensible gas；Second stage is to continue heat temperature raising, and metal component each in waste and old circuit board electronic component is heated
Gasification, then by fractional condensaion the metal of different boiling is successively liquefied；The three-level segmentation condensation of the first stage needs
Oil gas of the vacuum pyrolysis stage in addition to on-condensible gas is all condensed, and the fractional condensaion of the second stage is needed metal
Steam all condenses out；The heating temperature in each stage and the condensation temperature of condensation at different levels are according to the metal and heat of required recycling
The boiling point of oil gas under vacuum conditions is solved to be arranged；And need to remain vacuum state in whole process, while will not coagulate
Gas extraction.
2. a kind of system of waste and old circuit board electronic component high added value resource utilization, which is characterized in that including successively connecting
Broken portion, heating in vacuum portion, metal component fractional condensaion portion, nonmetallic ingredient fractional condensaion portion and the on-condensible gas connect is collected
Portion；Metal component fractional condensaion portion includes that sequentially connected level-one condensation, B-grade condensation and three-level condense, described nonmetallic
Component fractional condensaion portion includes sequentially connected level Four condensation, Pyatyi condensation and six grades of condensations.
3. the system of waste and old circuit board electronic component high added value resource utilization described in claim 2 is in waste and old circuit board electricity
Application in terms of sub- component resource utilization.
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| CN106269819B (en) * | 2016-11-14 | 2018-07-24 | 廖振宏 | A kind of electronic waste processing unit and electronic waste treatment process |
| CN107267758B (en) * | 2017-06-01 | 2018-11-09 | 华东师范大学 | The method of recovery indium, silver from the waste and old component of Hall containing indium |
| CN108823411A (en) * | 2018-06-11 | 2018-11-16 | 中山大学 | A method of recycling metal and energy gas from waste and old solar panels |
| CN108963370A (en) * | 2018-07-10 | 2018-12-07 | 深圳市华慧品牌管理有限公司 | Waste lithium cell handles recovery method |
| CN110152854B (en) * | 2019-04-28 | 2023-09-15 | 湖南金福达电子有限公司 | Method and device for recycling aluminum electrolytic capacitor waste |
| CN112759731A (en) * | 2020-12-22 | 2021-05-07 | 山东省环境保护科学研究设计院有限公司 | Method for separating and recycling pyrolysis oil in waste circuit board and electronic component packaging material |
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