Realize the method for CDMA/TDMA mobile communication by interference eliminator
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of method of mobile communication, especially a kind of CDMA/TDMA mobile communication method that adopts interference offset device belongs to the mobile communication technology field.
Background technology
At present, FDD-WCDMA standard and cdma2000 standard all adopt the method for code division multiple access (CDMA) and variable bandspread factor (VSF) to realize the compatibility of multi-user's different pieces of information rate signal on a carrier frequency.When the data rate of customer requirements rises, can adopt the method that reduces VSF to realize, this moment is because the ratio of this user rate and low speed user data rate is less, and the self-interference that produces in system increase multiple is proportional to the user rate ratio basically, therefore will cause taking in a large number power system capacity, and make the power of sending out that requires rise.In addition, be difficult for using the modulation system of spectral efficient in code division multiple access system, because the power utilization of this type of modulation system is lower, self-interference risen, power system capacity descends.
In brief, adopt code division multiple access and VSF method to realize that there is following problem in the compatibility of different user data speed: the data rate ratio between each user is less, the self-interference that the high-speed data user produces is proportional to the data rate ratio between the user, it is very fast that channel capacity is descended, and the power of sending out of requirement is risen, and channel quantity is very big, is difficult to use multiuser receiver.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to, problem at above prior art existence, propose a kind of CDMA/TDMA that adopts and replace the method that an employing code division multiple access and VSF in former FDD WCDMA and cdma 2000 standards are realized multi-user's compatibility of multi-rate, thereby increase power system capacity, reduce and send out power demand, reduce system cost.To provide the mobile communication system of this method of realization simultaneously.
The applicant analyzes and researches to following communication theory:
When the bit error rate BER that detects requires one regularly, the thresholding snr value of the collection of letters
Should with the speed R that posts a letter
bHave nothing to do, wherein E
bBe bit energy, N
tPower spectral density for self-interference and thermal noise.
N full-speed voice user arranged in the supposing the system, 1 data user, the speed of posting a letter is respectively R
BvAnd R
Bd, and R
Bd=KR
BvIn up link, received voice user in base station and data user's power is respectively P
RvAnd P
Rd, so, for certain voice user, the interference power spectrum density is
Wherein W is the bandwidth behind the signal spread-spectrum, N
0Be the thermal noise spectrum density; For the data user,
Obviously, N
Td<N
TvCan derive the received power requirement of base station according to the thresholding signal to noise ratio, the thresholding signal to noise ratio is arranged data and voice user
So
In like manner can get
Ratio between two is
Generally, therefore thermal noise can ignore N much smaller than self-interference
0Influence since the sub-district in the voice user count N 1, simplified style (1) can get thus
Suppose to have in the sub-district N voice user, M data user, formula (2) becomes so
Get voice user N=30, the data user gets M=1,4,8, and the K value was got 6,12,24,48 o'clock, can table 1.
Table 1
During analytical table 1, the applicant finds, under the code division multiple access condition, when data user's number more, M=8 for example,
Situation under, when BER one regularly, user data rate than with the voice received power than K ≈ K ', this shows that data user's receipts power ratio is proportional to their data rate ratio, the capacity that can cause taking rises, the power of sending out of requirement increases.
But as data user and voice user's speed ratio K=48 and when having only a data user, K/K '=1.86.The data rate of this moment is equivalent to the binding of 48 voice user's data rates, and the required power of sending out just is equivalent to 25.8 voice users, can save the power of sending out of half approximately, and self-interference is declined to a great extent, and power system capacity rises.
The applicant recognizes, more than analyzes downlink capacity and the base station power utilance found for improving cdma system and is significant.This channel capacity that is equivalent to 48 speech data speed will use the method for time division multiple access to distribute to a plurality of data users.Owing to only there is the strong jamming of a high speed data channels in the system, can adopt simple interference offset device to eliminate simultaneously.At this moment, system can keep original voice and low speed data user's capacity, increases the high speed data channels of a time division multiple access in addition, and its capacity will be above original power system capacity.
In addition, owing to do not have self-interference in the TDMA mobile communication system, therefore can use the modulation system of spectral efficient.For power system capacity is risen, send out power and descend, usually wish to use multiuser receiver.And the technology realizability of multiuser receiver and price directly are proportional to the CDMA channel quantity in the system, and with the data rate of each channel than relevant.When the number of channel in the system descended, the difficulty of identification interference channel descended, and when the data rate ratio of channel rose, the interference signal intensity that high speed data channels produces rose, the decline of identification difficulty.Therefore can take to only need except that the more strongly disturbing way of some high speed data channels, to reduce the cost of multiuser receiver.
According to the theoretical foundation of above research, the applicant has proposed following basic technical scheme of the present invention:
At parallel code division multiple access and the time division multiple access transmitting circuit set up of base station end
The low speed data input signal is finished according to the following steps by the code division multiple access transmitting circuit and is posted a letter:
1) is input to serial-parallel converter after the treated device error correction coding of baseband signal, the encryption;
2) serial-parallel converter is divided into the baseband signal of input two-way and is input to address code circuit respectively;
3) be input to fader behind the channel address sign indicating number in the address code circuit introducing sub-district;
4) fader is input to adder after input signal amplification is amplified;
5) be input to multiple scrambler circuit after the multiple signals stack of adder with input;
6) be input to modulator after multiple scrambler circuit is introduced the cell address sign indicating number;
7) modulator carries out input signal to post a letter after the corresponding modulation;
The high-speed data input signal is finished according to the following steps by the time division multiple access circuit and is posted a letter:
1) ' is input to the time division multiple access mixer after the treated device error correction coding of baseband signal, the encryption;
2) ' the time division multiple access mixer closes the baseband signal of input and is input to serial-parallel converter after the road forms data flow;
3) ' serial-parallel converter is divided into the baseband signal of input two-way and is input to Pulse Width Modulator respectively;
4) ' Pulse Width Modulator is input to address code circuit after with input signal amplitude modulation;
5) ' be input to the time slot fader behind the channel address sign indicating number in the address code circuit introducing sub-district;
6) ' the time slot fader is input to adder after input signal is modulated;
7) ' step afterwards is with above step 5)-7);
Set up the collection of letters circuit that comprises interference eliminated at user side
Finish the collection of letters according to the following steps:
1) " is input to the quadrature amplitude modulation coherent demodulator after by rf processor radiofrequency signal being transformed to intermediate-freuqncy signal;
2) " after being transformed to baseband signal, the quadrature amplitude modulation coherent demodulator is input to Interference Cancellation and highspeed user's data demodulator, by highspeed user's data demodulator output highspeed user data-signal; Or
3) " after eliminating the high-speed data interference, interference offset device outputs to the low speed user data demodulator, by low speed user data demodulator output low speed user data-signal.
Method of the present invention will have code division multiple access and organic ingenious the combining of time division multiple access now, thereby the required power of sending out of system is obviously saved, and self-interference declines to a great extent simultaneously, and power system capacity rises.System not only can keep original voice and low speed data user's capacity, has also increased the high speed data channels of a time division multiple access.
Description of drawings
The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and exemplary embodiments.
Fig. 1 is the transmitting circuit block diagram of the embodiment of the invention one (base station end under cdma2000 1x system).Comprising baseband signal processor 1, scrambler 2, serial-parallel converter 3, address code circuit 4, fader 5, adder 6,7, multiple scrambler circuit 8, quadrature amplitude modulator 9, baseband processor 10, time division multiple access mixer 11, serial-parallel converter 12, Pulse Width Modulator 13, address code circuit 14, time slot fader 15.
Fig. 2 is a user side collection of letters circuit block diagram among Fig. 1 embodiment.Comprising rf processor 16, quadrature amplitude modulation coherent demodulator 17, Interference Cancellation and user data demodulator 18.
Fig. 3 embodiment of the invention two (base station end under the WCDMA system) transmitting circuit block diagram.Baseband signal processor 1 is wherein arranged, serial-parallel converter 3, address code circuit 4, fader 5, adder 6,7, multiple scrambler circuit 8, QAM modulator 9, baseband processor 10, time division multiple access mixer 11, serial-parallel converter 12, Pulse Width Modulator 13, address code circuit 14, time slot fader 15.
Embodiment
Embodiment one
Present embodiment can increase the high speed data channels that a descending chip rate can reach 1.2288Msps for the present invention being used to increase the downlink capacity of existing FDD CDMA mobile communication system on the basis of former voice of cdma2000 1x system or low speed data user capacity.Suppose that then the bit rate of high speed data channels can reach 614.4kbps when getting error correction coding rate Rc=1/2.
The base station end of present embodiment as shown in Figure 1, this figure top provides voice or the data handling procedure of low speed data user in cdma2000 1x system, still adopt the scheme of code division multiple access, low speed data user's definition is the speed of user's data speed near the voice user, i.e. 8.6kbps.8.6kbps input signal through the frame error detection coding with after adding the required code element that resets of convolution or Turbo encoder, speed rises to 9.6kbps, generally it is considered as the message transmission rate of down link.S among the figure
11, S
21..., S
N1Be N voice or low speed data user's data, also the data of signaling channel.Address code circuit 4 is used to introduce the channel address sign indicating number in the sub-district, and multiple scrambler circuit 8 is used to introduce the cell address sign indicating number, and quadrature amplitude modulator 9 is qpsk modulator to the voice user.Input signal D to M high-speed data user
11, D
21, L, D
M1, can be the QPSK modulation, also can be used as 8PSK or 16QAM modulator, because these three kinds of modulators can be made of the multiplier of two quadratures.When being used for qpsk modulator, high-speed data processing section output signal S
DI4And S
DQ4Signal amplitude should equate that be used for 8PSK or 16QAM when modulation, their signal amplitude then not necessarily equates.
Fig. 1 bottom Ge Lu high-speed data user's signal D
11, D
21..., D
M1Go into the time-division multiple access and close the road through base band signal process is laggard, form data flow S
DBase-Band Processing should mainly be finished some Data Base tape handling functions similar to voice user's Base-Band Processing such as error correction coding, encryption.
Suppose S
DError correction/encoding method and the speech data selected for use are similar, and when the bit error rate that requires (BER) was identical, the required collection of letters thresholding signal to noise ratio d of travelling carriage equated.Get high speed data channels S
DThe chip rate of output is 1.2288Msps, error correction coding rate R
c=1/2, suppose that when M=12 high-speed data user arranged, then each user's data speed can reach 614.4/12=51.2kbps.Close the signal S behind the road
DBe divided into 12 time slots, the corresponding high-speed data user of each time slot.Also can adopt the method that increases timeslot number or change time slot width to change high-speed data number of users or user data rate.
When selecting the QPSK modulation for use, S
DChip rate after serial/parallel conversion is 614.4ksps, through the PAM conversion, is " 1 " and " 1 " value with " 0 " or " 1 " value transform of code element.Get 2 long Walsh code word W
D=+-is as S
DI2And S
DQ2Address code, certain W
DThe upstream code word should not be any address code of in voice or low speed data subscriber channel, having used.A power adjustment that is used for each TDMA user of high speed data channels is adjusted in the time slot gain.Can in the hope of this moment high speed data channels and voice or low speed data user's data speed ratio be 614.4/9.6=64, can just be equivalent to 29.4 voice users in the hope of its shared power of posting a letter according to formula (3).Make that the self-interference decline of system is bigger, can obtain very high frequency spectrum and power utilization.
Fig. 2 is the collection of letters circuit block diagram of downlink user end.Comprise among the figure that rf processor (16) is used for the radiofrequency signal of wireless receiving is transformed to and originating terminal signal S
0Corresponding intermediate-freuqncy signal S
0', send quadrature amplitude modulation coherent demodulator (17), its two-way output signal S
I1' and S
Q1' send Interference Cancellation and user data demodulator (18), by the signal D of this circuit output high-speed data user K
K1', also can send the signal S of voice or low speed data user K
K1'.
When the high speed data channels of time division multiple access adopted the 8PSK mode, the output of serial to parallel conversion should be 3 road signals among Fig. 1, and the PAM conversion should require to determine 3 code elements of input and output S according to the 8PSK planisphere
DI1And S
DQ2Amplitude relation.This moment, then the speed of high speed data channels can reach 614.4 * 3/2=921.6Kbps if supposition error correction coding rate still is 1/2 o'clock, and in the time of in like manner also can pushing away to such an extent that adopt 16QAM, the speed of high speed data channels can reach 1.2288Mbps.Power utilization when using 8PSK, 16QAM modulation system is lower, if error correction coding gains when remaining unchanged, a power of requirement will rise, and causes the interference of voice or low speed data channel is risen.The speed of the TDMA high speed data channels that system can obtain depends primarily on the interference eliminated ability of interference eliminator.
Conclusion is got up, and present embodiment walks abreast at the base station end and sets up code division multiple access and time division multiple access transmitting circuit, and whole communication process is as follows:
The low speed data input signal is finished according to the following steps by code division multiple access transmitting circuit (A) and is posted a letter:
1) baseband signal (S
11) (S after baseband signal processor 1 error correction coding, encryption
12) be input to scrambler 2 earlier, be input to serial-parallel converter 3 again;
2) serial-parallel converter 3 is with the baseband signal (S of input
12) be divided into two-way (S
13I, S
13Q) be input to address code circuit 4 respectively;
3) the channel address sign indicating number (W in the address code circuit 4 introducing sub-districts
1) after be input to fader 5;
4) fader 5 is with input signal (S
14I, S
14Q) amplification is input to adder 6,7 after amplifying;
5) be input to multiple scrambler circuit 8 after the multiple signals stack of adder 6,7 with input;
6) be input to quadrature amplitude modulator 9 after multiple scrambler circuit 8 is introduced the cell address sign indicating number;
7) modulator 9 is with input signal (S
I1, S
QI) carry out post a letter after the corresponding modulation (So);
The high-speed data input signal is finished according to the following steps by time division multiple access circuit (B) and is posted a letter:
1) ' baseband signal (D
11) after baseband processor 10 error correction codings, encryption, be input to time division multiple access mixer 11;
2) ' time division multiple access mixer 11 is with the baseband signal (D of input
12) close and be input to serial-parallel converter 12 after the road forms data flow;
3) ' serial-parallel converter 12 is divided into two-way (S with the baseband signal of input
DI1, S
DQ1) be input to Pulse Width Modulator 13 respectively;
4) ' Pulse Width Modulator with input signal amplitude modulation after (S
DI2, S
DQ2) be input to address code circuit 14;
5) ' (S behind the channel address sign indicating number in the address code circuit 14 introducing sub-districts
DI3, S
DQ3) be input to time slot fader 15;
6) ' time slot fader 15 is with input signal modulation back (S
DI4, S
DQ4) be input to adder 6,7;
7) ' step afterwards is with above step 5)-7);
Set up the collection of letters circuit that comprises interference eliminated at user side, finish the collection of letters according to the following steps:
1) " is input to quadrature amplitude modulation coherent demodulator 17 after by rf processor 16 radiofrequency signal being transformed to intermediate-freuqncy signal;
2) " after quadrature amplitude modulation coherent demodulator 17 is transformed to baseband signal, be input to Interference Cancellation and highspeed user's data demodulator 18, by highspeed user's data demodulator output highspeed user data-signal (D '
K1); Or
3) " eliminate through interference offset device 17 and output to the low speed user data demodulator after high-speed datas disturb, by low speed user data demodulator output low speed user data-signal (S '
K1).
Embodiment two
When in the WCDMA system, using CDMA/TDMA associated methods of the present invention, can overcome on the original system/downlink capacity symmetry substantially, can't satisfy the technological deficiency of mobile Internet demand.When being used for down link, can under the prerequisite that keeps original voice and low speed data user capacity, high speed data channels be provided for a plurality of high-speed data users, to satisfy the mobile Internet demand.For up link, the data rate that mobile Internet requires is not high can to keep former CDMA mode.
The base station end of present embodiment is shown in 3, this figure top provides voice or the data handling procedure of low speed data user in the WCDMA system, still adopt the scheme of code division multiple access, low speed data user's definition is the speed of user's data speed near the voice user, i.e. the Dedicated Traffic Channel of 12.2Kbps (DTCH).Data-signal among the DTCH is after base band signal process, and forming chip rate is 60Ksps DPCH (DPCH).In base band signal process, comprise error correction coding rate R
cProcessing procedures such as Dedicated Control Channel (DCCH) and Dedicated Physical Control Channel (DPCCH) information are handled, inserted to=1/2.5 error correction coding, secondary interweaving encoding.The output symbol speed of the output of base band signal process after string and conversion is 30Ksps.S among the figure
11, S
21..., S
N1Be N voice or low speed data user's data, also the data of signaling channel.Address code circuit 4 is used to introduce the channel address sign indicating number W in the sub-district
1, should get W herein
1Code word size be 128 chips, multiple scrambler circuit 8 is used to introduce the cell address sign indicating number.Quadrature amplitude modulator 9 is qpsk modulator to the voice user, to M high-speed data user's input signal D
11, D
21, L, D
M1, can be the QPSK modulation, also can be used as 8PSK or 16QAM modulator, because these three kinds of modulators can be made of the multiplier of two quadratures.When being used for qpsk modulator, high-speed data processing section output signal S
DI4And S
DQ4Signal amplitude should equate that be used for 8PSK or 16QAM when modulation, their signal amplitude then not necessarily equates.
Each road high-speed data user's signal D
11, D
21..., D
M1Go into time-division multiple access mixer 11 through base band signal process is laggard, form data flow S
DBase-Band Processing should mainly be finished some Data Base tape handling functions similar to voice user's Base-Band Processing such as error correction coding, encryption.
Suppose S
DError correction coding of selecting for use and modulator approach and speech data are similar, and when the bit error rate that requires (BER) was identical, the required collection of letters thresholding signal to noise ratio d of travelling carriage equated.Get high speed data channels S
DThe chip rate of output is 3.84Msps, error correction coding rate R
c=1/2.5, when supposition had M=16 high-speed data user when putting aside the rate requirement of DCCH and DPCCH, then each user's data speed can reach 3840/ (2.5 * 16)=96Kbps.Close the signal S behind the road
DBe divided into 16 time slots, identical with the power control timeslot number of DPCH in each frame.The corresponding high-speed data user of each time slot.Also can adopt the method that increases timeslot number or change time slot width to change high-speed data number of users or user data rate.
When selecting the QPSK modulation for use, S
DThe chip rate of device 12 is 1920Ksps after serial/parallel conversion, through the PAM conversion, is " 1 " and " 1 " value with " 0 " or " 1 " value transform of code element.Get one of 2 long Walsh code words W
D=+-is as S
DI2And S
DQ2Address code, certain W
DThe upstream code word should not be any address code of in voice or low speed data subscriber channel, having used.A power adjustment that is used for each TDMA user of high speed data channels is adjusted in the time slot gain.Can in the hope of this moment high speed data channels and voice or low speed data user's data speed ratio be 1536/24=64, can just be equivalent to 29.4 voice users in the hope of its shared power of posting a letter according to formula (3).Getting voice user's speed that DPCH amounts to herein is 60/2.5=24Kbps.Make that the self-interference decline of system is bigger, can obtain very high frequency spectrum and power utilization.
The collection of letters circuit of downlink user end is identical with embodiment one, and the concrete course of work of whole communication system is also basic identical with embodiment, does not give unnecessary details in addition.
From the foregoing description as can be seen, because the base station end is posted a letter and the simplicity of user's receiver system using and easy implementation, interference offset device is used, make the CDMA/TDMA system of invention can overcome existing simple employing code division multiple access and variable bandspread factor multi-user compatibility of multi-rate system self-interference is big, capacity is limited, the availability of frequency spectrum is low, the major defect of the basic symmetry of up-downgoing capacity, high-speed data user's number of users and data rate are significantly risen on the basis of original voice and low speed data capacity, and can satisfy the mobile Internet requirement of multiuser downstream two-forty.