CN100526797C - Railway vehicle width overrun laser detecting method and apparatus - Google Patents
Railway vehicle width overrun laser detecting method and apparatus Download PDFInfo
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- CN100526797C CN100526797C CNB2007101213397A CN200710121339A CN100526797C CN 100526797 C CN100526797 C CN 100526797C CN B2007101213397 A CNB2007101213397 A CN B2007101213397A CN 200710121339 A CN200710121339 A CN 200710121339A CN 100526797 C CN100526797 C CN 100526797C
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Abstract
The invention relates to a laser detection method and device used for railway vehicle over the width-limited. According to the method and device, the laser transmitter emits detection laser beam, if the passed vehicle is over the width-limited, laser receiver receives the reflected laser signal and convert to electrical signal, then transmit to the MCU signal processor to process and identify, upload the alarm and location signs information output from the MCU signal processor to the host computer, and send out a sound and light alarm at the scene simultaneously. The device of the invention has the advantages of high spatial resolution, fast response time, strong anti-photoelectric interference, small occupation and easy installation, low cost and so on, which is especially suitable for the automatic detection and alarm of the railway vehicles and over width-limited of goods dynamically.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to transportation and communication transfinites and detects and the alarm technique field, relate in particular to a kind of being suitable for and set up the width overrun laser warning line, check automated detection method and device that whether operating rolling stock and goods exist dynamic width to transfinite in the rail track both sides.
Background technology
Developing rapidly of modernized railway and highway, more and more rely on have the advanced person, science, practical safety detecting system.To railway and road vehicle and lade, detect at the static width overrun that stops or speed limit is carried out when very low and to have had the simple measuring method of tradition, but detection efficiency is too low, is difficult to implement in full.The dynamic width that carries out when allowing the operation of vehicle normal speed transfinites, and detecting transfinites compared with static state then has more practical significance detecting, it prevents the more significant positive role of having of major traffic accidents for the safety of support vehicles and surface facility.
The entity detection facility that installation sheet metal in a row constitutes on the railway sky or both sides door frame was once arranged.Vehicle by the time super wide object can collide sheet metal and deform or be shifted, super wide detection can be carried out in sheet metal position according to distortion or displacement, but this method speed limit is very low, often need the frequent finishing to sheet metal to reset again, thereby obviously influence detects and conevying efficiency.
Also have report that semiconductor laser transmitter and receiver are correlation and lay the rolling stock goods that the constitutes warning line pick-up unit that transfinites.Because speed limit is too low when detecting, be mainly used in the station the detection of checking behind the cargo loading.And need be installed on the whole door frame of building the circuit both sides, it is big to take up room, and therefore the structure more complicated is seldom applied.
Adopted operating vehicle of laser rotary scanning and goods cross section abroad in recent years, and measured its profile outside dimension and compare, thereby judged the apparatus and method whether vehicle and lade transfinite with existing threshold value.But because its sweep frequency and angular resolution restriction on the low side, the dimension of object that twice scanning helix pitch causes detecting resolution more greatly is bigger, perhaps the running velocity of Shi Yinging is on the low side, thereby also is not suitable for the detection of dynamic under the wisp rapid movement state; And need be installed on the whole door frame of building the circuit both sides, the big installation site that takes up room is difficult for satisfying, and the structure more complicated involves great expense.Therefore, many transportation by railroads on-the-spot install and promote the use of be restricted.
Summary of the invention
(1) technical matters that will solve
One of purpose of the present invention provides laser detector and the method that a kind of fast and reliable detects railway vehicle width overrun in service, the main ultimate principle that adopts reflective laser to survey, it is little to make full use of the laser-beam divergence angle, power density is big, response time is fast, the characteristics that antijamming capability is strong realize the small size object fast and reliable of swarming into is at a high speed detected and warning function.
Another object of the present invention provides the railway vehicle width overrun laser pick-up unit that a kind of volume is little, simple in structure, cost is low.
(2) technical scheme
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention takes following scheme:
A kind of railway vehicle width overrun laser pick-up unit comprises direct supply, is used for providing electric energy to pick-up unit; Start permanent magnetism sensor and location permanent magnetism sensor are used for automatic open detection device power supply and detection by the right tagmeme of vehicle wheel; Host computer is used for receiving, stores, manages and detect data, also comprises:
Generating laser, emission of lasering beam are set up vehicle width gauge-exceeding laser warning line;
The laser transmission circuit plate is used for the driving laser transmitter and sends the coding characteristic laser beam;
Laser pickoff is used to receive width overrun object reflected light signal, and is transferred to the single-chip microcomputer signal processor after this light signal is converted to electric signal;
The single-chip microcomputer signal processor is handled and is differentiated the output signal of permanent magnetism sensor and laser pickoff, sends alerting signal to audible-visual annunciator, and to host computer transmission alerting signal with by the data message after the single-chip microcomputer signal processor processes;
Audible-visual annunciator, the alerting signal control sound and light alarm by the output of single-chip microcomputer signal processor is used for the prompting of onsite alarming and assistant adjustment; Wherein said direct supply, generating laser, laser transmission circuit plate, laser pickoff, single-chip microcomputer signal processor and audible-visual annunciator are connected by electric wire and all are installed in the cabinet;
Wherein the collimation lens set of the semiconductor laser tube in the generating laser and its front end is with placing in the launching tube, transmitter rack is installed on the sectional shelf-unit, transmitter rack is provided with vertical adjustment screw and the adjusted leveling screws that changes the launching tube direction, and wherein launching tube is fixed on the transmitter rack center.
Wherein said laser transmission circuit plate comprises the modulation pulse generator circuit of the electric signal that produces certain frequency and coding characteristic, and the excitation semiconductor laser tube is sent the power driver circuit of same frequency and coding characteristic pulse laser;
Wherein in the receiving basin of laser pickoff convex lens, optical filter and photo-electric conversion element are housed successively, receiver holder is installed on the sectional shelf-unit, receiver holder is provided with vertical adjustment screw and the adjusted leveling screws that changes the receiving basin direction, and wherein receiving basin is fixed on the receiver holder center;
Wherein the single-chip microcomputer signal processor comprises filtering, amplifying circuit and single-chip microcomputer signal processing circuit; Wherein said single-chip microcomputer signal processing circuit comprises: photoelectric isolation module, be used for the electric signal of permanent magnetism sensor and laser pickoff output is incorporated into the interface of one-chip computer module; One-chip computer module, be used for handling and the distinguishing signal feature, and output alarm signal; The real-time clock unit module is for the vehicle wheel of alerting signal and location permanent magnetism sensor provides information by the time to tagmeme; The storage unit module, be used to provide alerting signal, vehicle wheel to tagmeme and the data storage of corresponding time; Communication module is used for the data message of storage unit module is uploaded in the host computer.
The method that a kind of railway vehicle width overrun laser detects may further comprise the steps:
A: on the pick-up unit anterior position, be provided with start permanent magnetism sensor, the first vehicle wheel was when pressing start permanent magnetism sensor, the power supply of open detection device in advance, generating laser begin to directly over or oblique top emission warning laser beam, laser pickoff is started working simultaneously;
B: the electric impulse signal that the first vehicle wheel is produced when being located at the other location permanent magnetism sensor of pick-up unit with subsequent rounds to pressing is taken turns sequence number, is stored in simultaneously in the single-chip microcomputer signal processor with temporal information, for super width position provides reference coordinate;
C: when the vehicle that surpasses Max. Clearance _M. or object pass, laser pickoff receives the laser signal that reflects from super wide object and carries out opto-electronic conversion is electric signal, this electric signal is transferred to the single-chip microcomputer signal processor, carries out signal Processing and discriminating by the single-chip microcomputer signal processor;
D: the signal packet that the single-chip microcomputer signal processor processes is crossed contains effective alerting signal, transfinite time of origin and corresponding vehicle wheel be to tagmeme and temporal information, upload in the host computer to this detection information stores and by communication module, carry out onsite alarming if take place to report to the police then start audible-visual annunciator simultaneously;
E: if when not having follow-up wheel to sequence number in the setting-up time of interval, the pick-up unit power supply is closed automatically, and generating laser and laser pickoff quit work.Wherein step C also comprises step:
C1: the single-chip microcomputer signal processor at first to the electric signal that transmits from laser pickoff carry out common filtering, amplifying circuit is treated as the electric impulse signal with certain amplitude;
C2: above-mentioned electric impulse signal, be incorporated into the interface of one-chip computer module through photoelectric isolation module, whether the coding characteristic of being differentiated received signal by one-chip computer module is consistent with the coding characteristic that transmits, confirm whether be effective alerting signal of reflector laser, other parasitic light is not because of possessing this coding characteristic by filtering;
C3: if effective alerting signal of reflector laser is then stored effective alerting signal, and transfinited time of origin and date under the real-time clock log according to single-chip microcomputer in storer.
(3) beneficial effect
The present invention has following advantage: it is fabulous that it has beam direction, time and spatial resolution height; Advantages such as anti-forceful electric power magnetic and light interference ability are strong., more help improving safe reliability and practicality because but it is little to adapt to the speed of a motor vehicle high inspected object; The volume of pick-up unit own is little and can be in floor mounted, thereby is more convenient for laying flexibly; Relatively simple for structure, cost is on the low side to be helped applying.Thereby provide a kind of novel dynamic width pick-up unit that transfinites, especially being adapted to operating rolling stock and goods dynamic width transfinites and detects and report to the police.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a general structure synoptic diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is a generating laser structural representation of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is a laser pickoff structural representation of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is a laser transmission circuit plate theory diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is a single-chip microcomputer signal processor circuit plate theory diagram of the present invention.
Embodiment
Following examples are used to illustrate the present invention, but are not used for limiting the scope of the invention.
As shown in Figure 1, be the general structure synoptic diagram.Wherein, 22 is the loam cake of casing 25; 23 is the base plate of casing 25; The 24th, the Tong Guangkou of generating laser and laser pickoff; The 26th, radiating circuit plate and single-chip microcomputer signal processor circuit plate box; 27 is the generating laser box body; 28 is the laser pickoff box body; The 29th, the sectional shelf-unit of installation generating laser support and laser pickoff support; 30 is direct supply; Its top is an audible-visual annunciator 31; 32 is the mounting hole slideway; Related accessories all is fixed on casing 25 inside.
As shown in Figure 2, the collimation lens set 3 of the semiconductor laser tube in the generating laser 1 and its front end is with placing in the launching tube 2.The spacing of adjusting positive negative lens in the collimation lens set 3 can change the angle of divergence of laser beam, should make laser beam focus on the highest gauge point.Launching tube 2 is fixed on the center of transmitter rack 4, can make launching tube 2 change its vertical direction by the vertical adjustment screw of adjusting on the transmitter rack 45, can drive launching tube 2 its horizontal directions of change and adjust the adjusted leveling screws 8 that is fixed on transmitter base plate 9 and the horizontal adjustment support 10, thereby the laser beam directive is specified the orientation.Along mounting hole slideway 32 translation sectional shelf-unit or casings, can finely tune the distance of laser beam center line to central lines of track.
As shown in Figure 4, comprise common modulation pulse generator and analog line driver in the laser transmission circuit plate, produce the electric signal of certain coding characteristic by the modulation pulse generator circuit, output after power driver circuit is amplified, and be connected with semiconductor laser tube 1 by electrical lead, send the pulse laser of same coding characteristic in order to excitation semiconductor laser tube 1.
As shown in Figure 3, the convex lens 13 of optically focused are housed successively in the receiving basin 14 of laser pickoff, the optical filter 12 and the silicon photocell element 11 of restriction parasitic light.Receiving basin 14 is fixed on the center of receiver holder 15, can make receiving basin change its vertical direction by the vertical adjustment screw of adjusting on the receiver holder 15 17, can drive receiving basin 14 its horizontal directions of change and adjust the adjusted leveling screws 19 that is fixed on receiver base plate 21 and the horizontal adjustment support 18, parallel to guarantee its optical axis direction with beam direction.
As shown in Figure 5, above-mentioned electric impulse signal S2, the process photoelectric isolation module is incorporated into the Interface R2 of single-chip microcomputer.Whether the coding characteristic of being differentiated received signal by one-chip computer module is consistent with the coding characteristic that transmits, and confirms whether be effective alerting signal of reflector laser.Other parasitic light is not because of possessing this coding characteristic by filtering.
The real-time clock unit module is for the vehicle wheel of locating the permanent magnetism sensor provides clock information to tagmeme by time and effective alerting signal time of origin; Right tagmeme, the time of taking place of transfiniting of effective alerting signal that the storage unit module can be handled single-chip microcomputer and corresponding vehicle wheel stores.Single-chip microcomputer uploads in the host computer by the result that 485 communication modules will detect and store again.
The one-chip computer module that uses in this pick-up unit also is provided with the ISP port can support online downloading, for the debugging and the upgrading of system are provided convenience.Reset circuit makes one-chip computer module reliable reset when powering on power down reliably.
Power supply of the present invention is 220VAC, is converted to 12VDC by direct supply, and by power module 12VDC being converted to behind the 5VDC is the local circuit power supply again.Utilize the real-time monitoring of comparer realization, the unstable operation in the time that low-voltage can being avoided to power supply.
The permanent magnetism sensor is established two places altogether, is fixed on the rail inboard by support.The casing general supply keeps opening state usually always, the electric impulse signal of the certain width that the first locomotive wheel produces when starting shooting the permanent magnetism sensor to pressing, be used for open detection power supply in advance, at this moment generating laser begins to send the feature laser beam, and laser pickoff is started working simultaneously.Here setting start permanent magnetism sensor is 120m to the distance of pick-up unit, and corresponding 30km/h speed needs traveling 15s approximately, time of start in advance just, the travel speed that changes setpoint distance or correspondence not simultaneously, Kai Ji time can be adjusted variation in advance.Location permanent magnetism sensor is located at the pick-up unit next door, the first locomotive wheel to and the electric impulse signal S1 that produces when locating the permanent magnetism sensor of subsequent rounds to pressing, the process photoelectric isolation module is incorporated into the R1 interface of single-chip microcomputer, is used for producing wheel successively to sequence number, for super width position provides reference coordinate.In addition, if the detection of dynamic for vehicle in service can be set to also not have in the time of interval 30s follow-up wheel to sequence number, detecting power supply closes automatically, generating laser and laser pickoff quit work simultaneously, the 30s here shows that train is all by detecting, and follow-up train does not also arrive, and the concrete time can be determined according to actual conditions.
Generating laser and laser pickoff are block form are installed on the sectional shelf-unit, and be assembled in the same casing, be installed on the ground, both sides of railway with circuit board, direct supply and the audible-visual annunciator of laser transmission circuit plate, single-chip microcomputer signal processor.By generating laser to directly over or at an angle oblique upper send the feature coding laser beam and constitute warning line, for to directly over the emission warning line, the alerting signal time of detecting is consistent by the time with vehicle, and for the warning line of launching obliquely upward, the alerting signal time of detecting will be because of the different slightly lag or leads of the height at the position of transfiniting, and accurately the position is confirmed when stopping processing.If pick-up unit does not detect reflected signal, show that then vehicle is not super wide; When the vehicle that surpasses limit for width or object passed, laser beam was by instantaneous reflection, and this device can send effective alerting signal immediately, and will report to the police and take turns the tagmeme information transmission to host computer with of living in, drove audible-visual annunciator simultaneously and carried out onsite alarming.
If follow and sail direction and increase a parallel laser warning line arranged side by side again, will further improve detection accuracy and reduce rate of false alarm as checking detection.
Claims (7)
1, a kind of railway vehicle width overrun laser pick-up unit, comprise direct supply, start permanent magnetism sensor and location permanent magnetism sensor: be used for automatic open detection device power supply and detection by the right tagmeme of vehicle wheel, host computer, it is characterized in that, also comprise:
Generating laser, emission of lasering beam are set up vehicle width gauge-exceeding laser warning line;
The laser transmission circuit plate is used for the driving laser transmitter and sends the coding characteristic laser beam;
Laser pickoff is used to receive width overrun object reflected light signal, and is transferred to the single-chip microcomputer signal processor after this light signal is converted to electric signal;
The single-chip microcomputer signal processor is handled and is differentiated the output signal of permanent magnetism sensor and laser pickoff, sends alerting signal to audible-visual annunciator, and to host computer transmission alerting signal with by the data message after the single-chip microcomputer signal processor processes;
Audible-visual annunciator, the alerting signal control sound and light alarm by the single-chip microcomputer signal processor sends is used for the prompting of onsite alarming and assistant adjustment;
Wherein said direct supply, generating laser, laser transmission circuit plate, laser pickoff, single-chip microcomputer signal processor and audible-visual annunciator are connected by electric wire and are installed in the cabinet.
2, a kind of railway vehicle width overrun laser pick-up unit as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: comprise semiconductor laser tube and the collimation lens set that is positioned at its front end in the launching tube that is provided with in the generating laser, transmitter rack is provided with vertical adjustment screw and the adjusted leveling screws that changes the launching tube direction, wherein launching tube is fixed on the transmitter rack center, and transmitter rack is installed on the interior sectional shelf-unit of cabinet.
3, railway vehicle width overrun laser pick-up unit as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: described laser transmission circuit plate comprises the modulation pulse generator circuit that can produce the coding characteristic electric signal, and the excitation semiconductor laser tube is sent the power driver circuit of same coding characteristic pulse laser.
4, railway vehicle width overrun laser pick-up unit as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: convex lens, optical filter and photo-electric conversion element are housed in the receiving basin of laser pickoff successively, receiver holder is provided with vertical adjustment screw and the adjusted leveling screws that changes the receiving basin direction, wherein receiving basin is fixed on the receiver holder center, and receiver holder is installed on the interior sectional shelf-unit of cabinet.
5, laser vehicle width overrun pick-up unit according to claim 1 is characterized in that:
The single-chip microcomputer signal processor comprises filtering, amplifying circuit and single-chip microcomputer signal processing circuit;
Wherein said single-chip microcomputer signal processing circuit comprises: photoelectric isolation module is used for the electric signal of permanent magnetism sensor and laser pickoff output is incorporated into the interface of one-chip computer module; One-chip computer module is used for handling and the distinguishing signal feature, and output alarm signal; The real-time clock unit module is for the vehicle wheel of alerting signal and location permanent magnetism sensor provides information by the time to tagmeme; The storage unit module, be used to provide alerting signal, vehicle wheel to tagmeme and the data storage of corresponding time; Communication module is used for the data message of storage unit module is uploaded in the host computer.
6, a kind of method of railway vehicle width overrun laser detection may further comprise the steps:
A: be provided with start permanent magnetism sensor in a distance, pick-up unit the place ahead, the first vehicle wheel was when pressing start permanent magnetism sensor, open detection device power supply in advance, generating laser begin to directly over or oblique top emission warning laser beam, laser pickoff is started working simultaneously;
B: the first vehicle wheel to and the electric impulse signal that produced when pressing the location permanent magnetism sensor that is arranged on pick-up unit next door successively of subsequent rounds as wheel to sequence number, be stored in the single-chip microcomputer signal processor, for super width position provides reference coordinate;
C: when the vehicle that surpasses Max. Clearance _M. passes through, laser pickoff receives the laser signal that reflects from super wide object and carries out opto-electronic conversion is electric signal, this electric signal is transferred to the single-chip microcomputer signal processor, carries out signal Processing and discriminating by the single-chip microcomputer signal processor;
D: the output signal after the single-chip microcomputer signal processor processes comprise alerting signal and transfinite time of origin and corresponding vehicle wheel to tagmeme with pass through temporal information, this detection information is stored, and upload in the host computer by communication module, the guide sound light crossing-signal carries out onsite alarming in the time of single-chip microcomputer signal processor output alarm signal;
E: if when not having follow-up wheel to sequence number again in the setting-up time of interval, the pick-up unit power supply is closed automatically, and generating laser and laser pickoff quit work.
7, the method for railway vehicle width overrun laser detection as claimed in claim 6 is characterized in that step C also comprises step:
C1: the single-chip microcomputer signal processor at first carries out common filtering, amplifying circuit to the electric signal that transmits from laser pickoff to be handled and makes it become the electric impulse signal with certain amplitude;
C2: above-mentioned electric impulse signal, be incorporated into the interface of one-chip computer module through photoelectric isolation module, whether the coding characteristic of being differentiated received signal by one-chip computer module is consistent with the coding characteristic that transmits, confirm whether be effective alerting signal of reflector laser, other parasitic light is not because of possessing this coding characteristic by filtering;
C3: if effective alerting signal of reflector laser is then stored effective alerting signal, and transfinited time of origin and date under the real-time clock log according to single-chip microcomputer in storer.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB2007101213397A CN100526797C (en) | 2007-09-04 | 2007-09-04 | Railway vehicle width overrun laser detecting method and apparatus |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CNB2007101213397A CN100526797C (en) | 2007-09-04 | 2007-09-04 | Railway vehicle width overrun laser detecting method and apparatus |
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| CN101113892A CN101113892A (en) | 2008-01-30 |
| CN100526797C true CN100526797C (en) | 2009-08-12 |
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| CN103868462A (en) * | 2012-12-11 | 2014-06-18 | 致伸科技股份有限公司 | Thickness detection method |
| CN103323258A (en) * | 2013-05-31 | 2013-09-25 | 浙江工业大学 | Vehicle starting and braking performance detecting device based on speed measurement |
| CN103335850A (en) * | 2013-05-31 | 2013-10-02 | 浙江工业大学 | Bicycle start braking performance test device |
| CN104215179B (en) * | 2013-06-05 | 2017-10-24 | 新兴铸管新疆有限公司 | The method that width of steel billet is dynamically measured using laser displacement sensor |
| CN106556370B (en) * | 2015-09-30 | 2020-05-26 | 佛山市南华仪器股份有限公司 | Calibration device and calibration method for motor vehicle outline detector |
| CN106383485B (en) * | 2015-12-09 | 2019-12-03 | 陕西无人系统工程研究院有限公司 | The SCM Based horizontal navigation channel detection system of plant protection drone |
| CN105806227A (en) * | 2016-04-20 | 2016-07-27 | 深圳市安车检测股份有限公司 | Light curtain type automobile overall size detection device |
| CN105854303B (en) * | 2016-04-21 | 2018-02-06 | 广州策源电子科技有限公司 | A kind of laser-correlation omnibearing movable formula dodgem |
| CN107764213B (en) * | 2017-10-20 | 2024-04-02 | 王启华 | Laser track flatness detection device and method |
| CN111141210B (en) * | 2019-12-20 | 2022-05-03 | 诺兰特新材料(北京)有限公司 | System, method and electronic device for alarming |
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