CN100524943C - High power efficiency plane microwave oscillator with low phase noise - Google Patents
High power efficiency plane microwave oscillator with low phase noise Download PDFInfo
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- CN100524943C CN100524943C CNB2006101548235A CN200610154823A CN100524943C CN 100524943 C CN100524943 C CN 100524943C CN B2006101548235 A CNB2006101548235 A CN B2006101548235A CN 200610154823 A CN200610154823 A CN 200610154823A CN 100524943 C CN100524943 C CN 100524943C
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- microwave oscillator
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Abstract
The disclosed microwave oscillator circuit sets up a set of coplane waveguide imperfection band gap structure symmetrically on two sides of resonance end of general plane microwave oscillator. Shape of the coplane waveguide imperfection band gap structure includes: an open-ended ring, the opening towards signal transmission line; one end of a straight line is connected to center on the ring; and passing through the opening, the other end is connected to the gap. A set of coplane waveguide imperfection band gap structure is set up symmetrically on two sides of output end of plane microwave oscillator. Shape of the coplane waveguide imperfection band gap structure includes: connected to symmetrical pulse form curve; one end of a straight line is connected to center on the curve; and the other end is connected to the gap. The disclosed oscillator reduces phase noise clearly, and raises output power in condition of not changing DC power consumption obviously.
Description
Invention field
The present invention relates to a kind of microwave oscillator circuit, exactly is a kind of high power efficiency plane microwave oscillator with low phase noise circuit.
Technical background
Oscillator is the indispensable important module of radio circuit system, and the performance of oscillator particularly phase noise produces significant impact to the sensitivity of radio system.The phase noise of oscillator is big more, and when this oscillator application during in inductothermy apparatus, the sensitivity of receiver system is just low more, otherwise the sensitivity of receiver is just high more.The same with other module in the radio system, oscillator power efficient also is high more good more, in other words, wishes that oscillator reaches certain power output, keeps minimum dc power simultaneously on the one hand.Such as: for local vibration source, require to have the local oscillation power an of the best, make the conversion loss minimum or the conversion gain maximum of frequency mixer as frequency mixer.For another example: as the signal source of transmitting terminal, according to the purposes difference, require varying in size of power output, sometimes the power output of single oscillator can not meet the demands, also to add power amplifier at oscillator output end, the power amplification that makes signal source has also reduced the load traction simultaneously to the oscillator Effect on Performance to desired value.No matter under which kind of situation, all require the dc power of oscillator as far as possible little.Therefore, improve the performance of oscillator, particularly reduce the phase noise of oscillator, the power conversion efficiency that improves oscillator is the problem that people study always.
In order to improve the phase noise of oscillator, in general following two kinds of methods are arranged: the one, select low noise transistor as active device, another is the quality factor that improves passive resonant circuit.Because the improvement of the noise of active device depends on the raising of microelectronic process engineering, the raising of performance also means the raising of cost.Therefore, for given active device, the quality factor that improves passive resonant circuit just becomes the principal element of the phase noise that improves oscillator.A kind of quality factor that improves passive resonant circuit effectively, the method for improving the phase noise of oscillator are exactly to use the magnetic medium material in oscillating circuit, and this pierce circuit is called dielectric resonator.But media resonant oscillator is a kind of on-plane surface circuit, is unfavorable for the system integration of planar circuit, more can't be applied in the microwave monolithic circuit.And in the microwave planar circuit, the quality factor that improves resonant circuit is to realize by the quality factor that improves inductance and electric capacity (particularly inductance) mostly, so research to inductance, improve the research temperature of the quality factor of inductance, be in the ascendant always, mainly be the quality factor that improves inductance by following several method in the present research: the one, by optimizing inductance geometry (multiple layer metal for example, the ground shielding, the anti-joint of PN partially etc.) improve the quality factor of inductance, the 2nd, by making the backing material of making good use of (as the high resistant substrate, as SOI etc.) improve the quality factor of inductance, the 3rd, adopt extraordinary operation (as adopting that device suspends etc.) to improve the quality factor of inductance, the 4th, utilize some magnetic material to improve the quality factor of inductance.
In recent years, photonic crystal receives people's very big concern.Because the restriction of technology, photonic crystal just rests on research in theory for a long time in optical band, just at first obtains actual application in microwave and millimetre-wave circuit.It is found that in the research that the method by etching goes part metals to form certain graphic structure quarter on the ground plane of microstrip line, the ripple of certain frequency band can't be passed through, show huge decay, and the ripple of other frequency band can pass through, be that loss is less, show the characteristic of band stop filter on microwave property, the performance classes that characteristic that this structure shows and photonic crystal show seemingly.Principle according to dielectric resonator, can reach the structure applications of this band resistance characteristic in the resonant tank of microwave oscillator the characteristic of the phase noise that improves oscillator, the output of it being used oscillator can suppress second harmonic, improve the power output of output first-harmonic, thereby improve the oscillator power conversion efficiency.This on the microstrip line ground plane figure of etching, though can improve the performance of oscillator, using in monolithic integrated circuit has certain difficulty.Because having the monolithic integrated circuit chip of microstrip line must stick on the metallic carrier of ground connection, the back side figure of microstrip line just is easy to be capped like this, perhaps will also leave corresponding grooves in the corresponding position on metallic carrier, this has just increased the complexity and the difficulty of technology.
Summary of the invention
Purpose of the present invention be exactly at prior art shortcoming, a kind of high power efficiency plane microwave oscillator with low phase noise circuit is proposed, can effectively improve the phase noise of oscillator and improve power efficiency.
The present invention includes plane microwave oscillator.The bilateral symmetry of this plane microwave oscillator resonance end is provided with two resonance end co-planar waveguide imperfect tape gap structures, each resonance end co-planar waveguide imperfect tape gap structure comprises the annular gap of an opening, opening is towards signal transmssion line, article one, an end in straight gap is connected to the central point on the annular gap, and the opening that the other end passes the annular gap is connected to the gap of co-planar waveguide line.The bilateral symmetry of this plane microwave oscillator output is provided with two output co-planar waveguide imperfect tape gap structures, each output co-planar waveguide imperfect tape gap structure comprises two continuous pulse form gaps, article one, an end in straight gap is connected with the connecting place in two pulse form gaps, the other end is connected to the gap of co-planar waveguide line, and two pulse form gaps in each output co-planar waveguide imperfect tape gap structure are that center line is symmetrically distributed with the straight gap that connects.
The present invention's " low phase noise high power efficiency microwave oscillator " is applied to a kind of novel co-planar waveguide imperfect tape gap structure in the planar oscillation device circuit.Since the characteristics of co-plane waveguide structure be ground plane and signal transmssion line on same plane, the back side of circuit does not need ground connection, like this problem with regard to having avoided microstrip line back side ground connection to bring.A kind of special co-planar waveguide imperfect tape gap structure that particularly adopts among the present invention makes that the characteristic of stopband is stronger.In circuit design, co-planar waveguide imperfect tape gap structure is added in the resonance end and the output of oscillator respectively.The co-planar waveguide imperfect tape gap structure of design will have tangible band resistance characteristic at the design frequency point, in stopband center Frequency point phase place sudden change is arranged.Co-planar waveguide imperfect tape gap structure among the present invention by one group about the signal transmssion line symmetry, on the ground plane on every limit, carve and remove the formed line of rabbet joint of partial earthing metal, the equivalent electric circuit of this line of rabbet joint correspondence is the inductance and the electric capacity of one group of parallel connection, and the size of inductance and capacitance is corresponding to the length of the line of rabbet joint and the shape of width and figure.Be added in one group of symmetric figure of co-planar waveguide imperfect tape gap structure of oscillator resonance port, each figure is the annular of opening, and opening is communicated with in the gap of ground roll lead together towards signal transmssion line and by straight line; The stop-band frequency of this co-planar waveguide imperfect tape gap structure becomes with the width and the length of loop wire, suitably regulates its size, makes its stopband center frequency equal the centre frequency of oscillator, reaches the purpose of the phase noise that improves oscillator.And be added in one group of symmetric figure of co-planar waveguide imperfect tape gap structure of oscillator output end, each figure is a pair of pulse pattern, one end of pulse pattern is communicated with and is symmetrically distributed in the both sides of a line of rabbet joint, and line of rabbet joint opening is towards signal transmssion line and the gap connection of ground roll lead together; The stop-band frequency of this co-planar waveguide imperfect tape gap structure becomes with the width and the length of impulse line, suitably regulate its size, making its stopband center frequency is 2 frequencys multiplication of oscillator centre frequency, reaches the 2 subharmonic power outputs that suppress oscillator, improves the first-harmonic power output.
Co-planar waveguide imperfect tape gap structure adopts electromagnetic field software (as HFSS, IE3D etc.) to carry out the two-port electromagnetic-field simulation, provides the scattering parameter of two-port simulation result, i.e. the S parameter.Generally be symmetrical structure, so as long as see S11 and S21.Amplitude and phase place according to S11 and S21 determine whether to reach designing requirement.Owing to be passive, the amplitude of S21 is born, and the negative more stopband characteristic that shows of S21 is good more; Curve is steep more, shows that SPA sudden phase anomalies is big more.
Microwave circuits software (as the ADS software of Agilent) is adopted in the design of oscillator.During less than 20GHz, the passive circuit in the circuit can adopt passive spiral inductance, metal-dielectric-metal (MIM) electric capacity, film resistor and co-plane waveguide line to mix and use in frequency; When frequency during greater than 20GHz, passive circuit only adopts the co-plane waveguide line.
Design procedure
1. the centre frequency of hypothesis oscillator is f0, adopts electromagnetic field software design centre frequency to be respectively two co-planar waveguide imperfect tape gap structures of f0 and 2f0, make two kinds of structures respectively in the amplitude of the transmission characteristic S21 of f0 and 2f0 less than-30dB;
2. adopt microwave circuits software design common planar microwave oscillator, consider and to be connected with co-planar waveguide imperfect tape gap structure, so the microstrip line in the common planar microwave oscillator also is designed to coplanar waveguide structure, particularly at the resonance end open-circuit line and the output port of oscillator, it is consistent with the holding wire live width and the impedance of co-planar waveguide imperfect tape gap structure that the live width of holding wire and impedance all are designed to, and helps impedance matching;
3. be centre frequency the resonance end that the annular co-planar waveguide imperfect tape gap structure of f0 adds above-mentioned oscillator, the value of regulating other passive devices of resonance end, make add annular co-planar waveguide imperfect tape gap structure after the resonance terminal impedance constant;
4. be centre frequency the output that the pulse form co-planar waveguide imperfect tape gap structure of 2f0 adds above-mentioned oscillator, the value of regulating other passive devices of output, make add pulse form co-planar waveguide imperfect tape gap structure after the resonance terminal impedance constant;
5. and then carry out entire circuit emulation again, the simulation result that relatively adds co-planar waveguide imperfect tape gap structure front and back oscillator, just can clearly be seen that the novel oscillator phase of the present invention reduces significantly, power output also improves significantly under the constant situation of dc power.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a structural representation of the present invention.
Embodiment
As shown in Figure 1, wherein 2 is common common plane microwave oscillator structure, and 4 is the resonance end, and 5 is output, and 1 is the co-planar waveguide imperfect tape gap structure that is arranged on the both sides of resonance end, and 3 is the co-planar waveguide imperfect tape gap structure that is arranged on the both sides of output.
Design a kind of millimetre-wave generator, frequency of oscillation is 35.6GHz, and backing material is GaAs (material thickness is 500 microns, and dielectric constant is 12.9).Two co-planar waveguide imperfect tape gap structures have at first been designed, one is annular co-planar waveguide imperfect tape gap structure 1, stop-band frequency is the fundamental frequency 35.6GHz (seeing the left-hand component of accompanying drawing) of oscillator, one is pulse form co-planar waveguide imperfect tape gap structure 3, stop-band frequency is the 2 subfrequency 71.2GHz (seeing the right-hand component of accompanying drawing) of oscillator, and design software is IE3D, and co-planar waveguide line live width is to design by 50 Ω impedances, the width of holding wire is 78 microns, and the gap is 73 microns.Design a planar oscillation device 2 (seeing accompanying drawing dashed middle line part) again, the oscillator frequency of design is 35.6GHz, match circuit is all used the co-planar waveguide line, the live width of co-planar waveguide line live width and impedance and above-mentioned co-planar waveguide imperfect tape gap structure and impedance phase with so that with interconnect.Active device is a PHEMT power tube, it is an interdigital structure, grid length is 0.25 μ m, finger beam is 6 * 80 μ m, design software is Agilent ADS, and being connected between active device and passive circuit adopted chip back-off mode, can ignore the parasitic parameter of connection, so circuit simulation is according to the emulation of monolithic composition form, can obtain parameters such as frequency of oscillation, power output and phase noise by emulation.Be stop-band frequency the resonance end 4 that 35.6GHz annular co-planar waveguide imperfect tape gap structure 1 is added to the common planar oscillator then, the length of suitably regulating the transmission line of resonance end keeps the impedance of resonance end constant; As a same reason, is stop-band frequency the output 5 that 71.2GHz pulse form co-planar waveguide imperfect tape gap structure 3 is added to the common planar oscillator, suitably regulate the length of the transmission line of output, keep the impedance of output constant, carry out entire circuit emulation more again, the simulation result that relatively adds new plane microwave oscillator and common plane microwave oscillator, just can clearly be seen that the novel oscillator phase of the present invention reduces significantly, power output also is improved significantly under the constant situation of dc power.
Claims (1)
1, high power efficiency plane microwave oscillator with low phase noise, comprise plane microwave oscillator, the bilateral symmetry that it is characterized in that described plane microwave oscillator resonance end is provided with two resonance end co-planar waveguide imperfect tape gap structures, each resonance end co-planar waveguide imperfect tape gap structure comprises the annular gap of an opening, opening is towards signal transmssion line, article one, an end in straight gap is connected to the central point on the annular gap, and the opening that the other end passes the annular gap is connected to the gap of co-planar waveguide line; The bilateral symmetry of described plane microwave oscillator output is provided with two output co-planar waveguide imperfect tape gap structures, each output co-planar waveguide imperfect tape gap structure comprises two continuous pulse form gaps, article one, an end in straight gap is connected with the connecting place in two pulse form gaps, the other end is connected to the gap of co-planar waveguide line, and two pulse form gaps in each output co-planar waveguide imperfect tape gap structure are that center line is symmetrically distributed with the straight gap that connects.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CNB2006101548235A CN100524943C (en) | 2006-11-23 | 2006-11-23 | High power efficiency plane microwave oscillator with low phase noise |
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| CNB2006101548235A CN100524943C (en) | 2006-11-23 | 2006-11-23 | High power efficiency plane microwave oscillator with low phase noise |
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| CN1960053A CN1960053A (en) | 2007-05-09 |
| CN100524943C true CN100524943C (en) | 2009-08-05 |
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Families Citing this family (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101359761B (en) * | 2008-09-26 | 2011-12-28 | 清华大学 | Novel microwave oscillator driven by spinning current |
| WO2011038166A2 (en) * | 2009-09-23 | 2011-03-31 | Oewaves, Inc. | Measuring phase noise in radio frequency, microwave or millimeter signals based on photonic delay |
| US11317519B2 (en) * | 2018-10-15 | 2022-04-26 | International Business Machines Corporation | Fabrication of superconducting devices that control direct currents and microwave signals |
| CN110289814B (en) * | 2019-07-16 | 2021-11-30 | 电子科技大学 | Low-phase-noise oscillator |
| CN111740204B (en) * | 2020-08-17 | 2020-11-24 | 浙江臻镭科技股份有限公司 | Cavity resonance suppression structure and application |
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2006
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Non-Patent Citations (7)
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| A novel defected ground structure and its application to amicrowave oscillator. Myeong-Sub，Jung，Jun-Seok，Park，Jae-Bong，Lim，，Hong-GooCho.33rd European Microwave Conference. 2003 |
| A novel defected ground structure and its application to amicrowave oscillator. Myeong-Sub,Jung,Jun-Seok,Park,Jae-Bong,Lim,Hong-GooCho.33rd European Microwave Conference. 2003 * |
| A novel phase noise reduction technique in oscillators usingdefected ground structure. Young-Taek Lee, Jong-Sik Lim, Jun-Seok Park, Dal Ahn,Sangwook Nam.IEEE Microwave and Wireless Components Letters,Vol.12 No.2. 2002 |
| A VCO with harmonic suppressed and output power improvedusing defected ground structure. Hai-Wen Liu, Xiao-Wei Sun, Zheng-Fan Li.Proceedings of the 2003 SBMO/IEEE MTT-S Microwave and Optoelectronics Conference,Vol.1 . 2003 |
| A VCO with harmonic suppressed and output power improvedusing defected ground structure. Hai-Wen Liu, Xiao-Wei Sun, Zheng-Fan Li.Proceedings of the 2003 SBMO/IEEE MTT-S Microwave and Optoelectronics Conference,Vol.1. 2003 * |
| Application of CPW based spiral-shaped defected groundstructure to the reduction of phase noise in V-band MMICoscillator. Young-Taek，Lee，，Jong-Sik，Lim，Sungwon，Kim，Jaechun，Lee，Sangwook，Nam，，Kwang-Seok，Seo，Dal，Ahn.2003 IEEE MTT-S International Microwave Symposium Digest，第3卷第3期. 2003 |
| 低功耗低噪声正交压控振荡器设计. 袁徐亮，程知群，孙晓伟.微细加工技术，第4期. 2006 |
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