CN100515804C - Magnesium alloy hub manufacturing method - Google Patents
Magnesium alloy hub manufacturing method Download PDFInfo
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- CN100515804C CN100515804C CNB031090346A CN03109034A CN100515804C CN 100515804 C CN100515804 C CN 100515804C CN B031090346 A CNB031090346 A CN B031090346A CN 03109034 A CN03109034 A CN 03109034A CN 100515804 C CN100515804 C CN 100515804C
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Abstract
A technology for manufacturing the Mg-alloy wheel hub includes such steps as preparing Mg alloy by additional use of RE element (0.5-2.0 wt.%) as part of its raw materials, smelting while adding the Mg-alloy coveriong agent prepared from MgCl2, CaF2, KCl, BaCl2 and MgO and the refining agent prepared from NaCl and KCl, preparing mould, spraying on inner surface of mould, casting, heat treating and surface treating. Its advantages are high strength, precision and surface finishing quality, high vibration damping effect, and saving oil.
Description
Technical field
The invention relates to a kind of manufacture method of magnesium alloy hub, more particularly about a kind of manufacture method that is used for the magnesium alloy hub of motor bike.
Background technology
Wheel hub is the vehicle such as motor bike, automobile one of the most important parts of improving quality, and also is one of most important parts simultaneously.The weight of wheel hub is the key factor that influences vehicle performance.Its weight alleviates a bit a little, all will obviously improve startability, braking quality, the turning performance of car load and the consumption that reduces oil plant.In all technologic materials, magnesium alloy is the lightest, and the density of magnesium has only 1.74g/cm
3, be that the magnesium alloy of base is lighter approximately by 36% than aluminum alloy with magnesium, lighter approximately by 73% than zinc alloy, than steel light approximately 77%.And magnesium alloy also has high strength-to-density ratio, than series of advantages such as modulus of elasticity, favorable rigidity, damping properties.Simultaneously, the thermal fatigue resistance of magnesium obviously is better than aluminium, so the useful life of magnesium alloy hub is longer than aluminum alloy.
The traditional foundry technique of wheel hub has gravity die casting and sand casting process.Sand casting process is compared in gravity die casting, has following advantage: its mechanical property ratio sand casting height; The precision of foundry goods and surface finish are than sand casting height, and quality and dimensionally stable; The technology recovery rate height of foundry goods, the liquid metals consumption reduction generally can save 15～30%; Without sand or use sand less, generally can save Modeling Material 80～100%; In addition, the production efficiency height of gravity die casting; The reason that makes foundry goods produce defective reduces; Operation is simple, easily realizes mechanization and automation.If but will have following shortcoming with conventional metals mold casting explained hereafter wheel hub: metal mold is airtight, and does not have deformability, easily causes defectives such as foundry goods misrun, cracking, shrinkage cavity, pore; During gravity die casting, the operating temperature of mold, the pouring temperature of alloy and pouring type etc. are very responsive to the influence of the quality of foundry goods.Therefore, the magnesium alloy hub of employing conventional metals mold casting is difficult to reach the operating needs of mechanical properties.
Summary of the invention
The manufacture method that the purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of magnesium alloy hub, outstanding advantage such as the wheel hub of Sheng Chaning has intensity height, degree of precision height, is mingled with less in this way, any surface finish, damping performance height, oil-saving effect are good.
These and other purpose of the present invention will and be described and further set forth by following detailed description.
These purposes of the present invention realize as follows:
Step 1, alloy are prepared
The magnesium alloy materials that this technology adopted is casting magnesium alloy material or adds 0.5～2.0% rare earth element to improve its tensile strength and creep strength on the basis of casting magnesium alloy material, simultaneously can also obtain advantages of good casting, the magnesium alloy component list sees Table.
Step 2, smelting technology:
Because the burning-point of magnesium alloy is very low, easily causes oxidation in the heat process, even burning, so the melting of magnesium alloy all must be protected with coverture.The proportion of coverture of Cai Yonging and magnesium alloy was more or less the same in the past, was difficult for slagging-off in treating process.This process using is a kind of with MgCl
2CaF
2, KCl, BaCl
2, MgO is the magnesium alloy covering agent of primary raw material, is characterized in that proportion is little, has nontoxic, smokeless, tasteless characteristics simultaneously.This coverture can form scum silica frost with the magnesium alloy solution effects and separate and exclude, and can obtain clean magnesium alloy solution like this, reduces defectives such as foundry goods slag inclusion.This magnesium alloy covering agent is preferably (weight portion) 25～40%MgCl
2, 2～20%CaF
2, 30～50%KCl, 5～15%BaCl
2, 1～5%MgO, addition is 2～4% of a magnesium alloy smelting amount.
The nonmetal inclusion that reaction such as magnesium and airborne oxygen, nitrogen, steam generates will destroy the mechanical property of magnesium alloy, produce defectives such as shrinkage porosite, pore simultaneously.This process using is a kind of to be the refining agent of Mg alloy of primary raw material with NaCl, KCl, and it can better remove the nonmetal inclusion in the magnesium alloy smelting, makes foundry goods can reach the pinhole rate requirement after heat treatment, machine up.The refining agent of Mg alloy addition is 0.5～0.8% of a magnesium alloy smelting amount, and the KCl that refining agent of Mg alloy is preferably by the NaCl of 75 weight portions and 25 weight portions forms.
This technology adds zirconium chloride or the zirconium fluoride that accounts for total weight 0.2～0.5% when melting, or the calcium chloride or the calcium fluoride that account for total weight 0.4～1.2% carry out the grain refinement processing to magnesium alloy solution, to obtain fine and close foundry goods, can improve the mechanical strength of foundry goods simultaneously greatly.
Step 3, mould remodeling
This technology will be carried out the needs of following change with the metal type cast that adapts to magnesium alloy hub to the metal type dies of traditional aluminium alloy wheel hub:
Increase wall thickness: the magnesium alloy volumetric heat capacity is little than aluminum alloy, permeability to heat is low, cooling is fast, and wheel hub product liquid magnesium alloy fills the type long flow path, increase mold wall thickness and can strengthen the heat storage capacity of mould after preheating, improve the liquid magnesium alloy mold-filling capacity, prevent that defectives such as misrun, cold shut class from appearring in product.
Increase curving of casting; The magnesium alloy hot cracking tendency is serious, increases the curving of casting of foundry goods, reduces thermal center, can reduce the possibility that foundry goods cracks.
Increase sink head: the heat absorption capacity of magnesium alloy unit volume is little than aluminum alloy, increases the rising head volume and at rising head wall spraying warm material, improves the feeding effect, prevents that foundry goods from producing shrinkage cavity defect.
The built-in resistor temperature booster: not fore-warming metal mold can not be poured into a mould.This is because the metal mold permeability of heat is good, and liquid metals cooling is fast, and flowing power acutely reduces, and makes defectives such as foundry goods cold shut, misrun occur, is mingled with, pore easily.Not fore-warming technical casting mold will be subjected to strong thermal shock in when cast, and the stress multiplication very easily destroys it.Therefore, metal mold should first preheating before starting working.This technology is provided with the electro heat hole at the characteristics of Mg alloy with metal mould mould in patrix or counterdie, adopt electro heat, makes die surface, the inner intensification evenly, to reduce mould inside stress, reduces die deformation, prolongs die life.
The built-in water-cooling device: this technology is at the built-in recirculated water cooling pipe of counterdie, realizes control to the cooling progress by regulating circulating water flow speed simultaneously, makes thick most of the realize Quench of mold cavity to foundry goods.
Built-in temperature sensor: built-in temperature sensor is to realize the precision control to electric heater unit and water cooling plant on lower bolster, slide block, cope match-plate pattern.
Vacuum suction: between upper die and lower die and slide block, be provided with bleed-off passage, before cast or after the cast, bleed, make the better filling foundry goods of alloy liquid thin-walled place with vacuum pump.
Step 4, mold cavity spraying
Because setting rate is fast, the thermal drop that can not form is prone to phenomenons such as misrun, cracking to magnesium alloy in process of setting.This process using thermal insulation coatings sprays whole die cavities, to slow down the rate of cooling of magnesium alloy.Then needing the position spraying chilling coating of quick cooling, to accelerate the thick most rate of cooling of wheel boss casting.Such combination can satisfy the mold cavity each several part different solidify requirement.
Step 5, pouring type
Because the Quench of metal mold and airtight, poring rate should be accomplished slow earlier, the back is fast, and is slow again.Should guarantee as far as possible that in casting process the liquid levelling is steady.This technology pouring type adopts manually cast, to realize the steady adjusting to poring rate.Casting ladle adopts dam type pouring ladle simultaneously, and magnesium liquid flows out from the middle part, prevents that precipitated impurities and scum silica frost from entering casting mold.
Step 6, heat treatment
Wheel hub heat treatment can divide dual mode, and first kind of mode is solution treatment+incomplete artificial aging mode.Be 410～420 ℃ of following solution treatment, need in hardening furnace, feed Co in the heat tracing process
2, SF
6Or So
2Be the main atmosphere gas that divides, make it can accelerated oxidation under the higher temperature environment, and then under 150～200 ℃, carry out ageing treatment.The second way is a quenching as-cast: take out directly from casting mold when foundry goods is cooled to 400～500 ℃ and invade in the quenching tank, take out from tank when being cooled to below 200 ℃, then 150～200 ℃ of following ageing treatment.
Step 7, surface treatment
The surface of magnesium alloy motorcycle hub means of defence is that the magnesium alloy substrate surface is provided with protective cover.Because magnesium alloy mainly is to be made of magnesium alloy, it is an active metal, and therefore corrosion, must be provided with protective cover on its surface easily.This protective cover can be a kind of ceramic layer of the formation after handling through differential arc oxidation, also can be that chromaking is handled the passivating film that the back forms etc., to realize the effective protection to magnesium alloy.
Wherein the technological condition of the processing of differential arc oxidation is:
I, production facilities: common plastics electrolytic bath;
J, operating voltage: 260V three plase alternating current;
K, electric current output wave shape: pulse square wave;
L, modes of emplacement: magnesium alloy hub is as anode, and the stainless steel sheet in the electrolytic bath is as negative electrode;
M, operating temperature: 25～35 ℃
N, solution formula: sodium silicate 8～20 grams per liters, potassium hydroxide 6～17 grams per liters, potassium fluoride 6～15 grams per liters;
O, density of current: 2A/dm
2
P, processing time: 7～9 minutes;
Q, magnesium alloy hub oxidated layer thickness are about 5～10 microns, hardness: HRC 70;
The manufacture method of magnesium alloy hub provided by the invention is to form through technology innovation on the basis of the manufacturing process of traditional aluminium alloy wheel hub and process for smelting magnesium alloy, compares traditional handicraft and has numerous advantages.At first, because the melting mode of this technology can play a protective role to the magnesium alloy that contains a large amount of rare earth elements, be used for cast thereby can obtain high clean magnesium alloy solution.Secondly, the mould of this technology is longer for this type flow process of filling of cast wheel hub, and the higher foundry goods of requirement of strength can guarantee high rate of finished products.Once more, this technology can be used for the cast of various magnesium alloy hubs, has extensive applicability.Outstanding advantages such as the wheel hub of producing with method of the present invention has intensity height, degree of precision height, is mingled with less, any surface finish, damping performance height, oil-saving effect are good.
Below further specify the present invention by accompanying drawing and explanation thereof
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a kind of die structure dwg of invention.
The specific embodiment
As shown in Figure 1, in patrix 11 or counterdie 12, be provided with electro heat hole 22, counterdie 12 built-in recirculated water cooling pipes 23 (enclosing around one in counterdie 12), built-in temperature sensor on lower bolster 7, slide block 9, cope match-plate pattern 13 is provided with bleed-off passage 25. between patrix 11, counterdie 12 and slide block 9
Below further specify the present invention by specific embodiment, but embodiment only be used for the explanation, can not limit the scope of the invention.
In the present invention, all raw materials and equipment all can be buied from market, and the technology that chromaking is handled also is known.
In the present invention, refer in particular to as non-, all amounts, part are unit of weight.
Embodiment 1
The magnesium alloy hub product is used in Hua Ying company and produces MT2.5 * 10 type front and rear rolling wheels on the Ling Ying motor bike.
A, on the basis of AZ81 magnesium alloy materials, add the rare earth complex element that contains 50% cerium account for total weight 1.9%.
B, a kind of MgCl of employing with 38% weight
2, 4% weight CaF
2, the KCl of 47% weight, the BaCl of 8% weight
2, 3% weight MgO be the magnesium alloy covering agent of raw material (addition be magnesium alloy materials melting amount 2%), the KCl that adopts a kind of NaCl with 75% weight, 25% weight is the refining agent of Mg alloy (addition be magnesium alloy materials melting amount 0.6%) of raw material, and the cobalt chloride that addition accounts for total amount 0.4% carries out grain refinement to magnesium alloy solution to be handled.
C, employing hub mold as shown in Figure 1, and to mold cavity spraying, cast then.Poring rate should be accomplished slow earlier, and the back is fast, and is slow again.Should guarantee as far as possible that in casting process the liquid levelling is steady.This technology pouring type adopts manually cast, and casting ladle adopts dam type pouring ladle simultaneously, and magnesium liquid flows out from the middle part, prevents that precipitated impurities and scum silica frost from entering casting mold.
Solution treatment+incomplete artificial aging mode is adopted in D, wheel hub heat treatment: 450 ℃ of following solution treatment, feed 0.6 weight %SF in the heat tracing process in hardening furnace
6+ 99.4% weight %Co
2Hybrid protection gas, under 152 ℃, carry out ageing treatment then.
E, surface treatment mode adopt differential arc oxidation to handle, and its technological condition is:
1, production facilities: common plastics electrolytic bath;
2, operating voltage: 260V three plase alternating current;
3, electric current output wave shape: pulse square wave;
4, modes of emplacement: magnesium alloy hub is as anode, and the stainless steel sheet in the electrolytic bath is as negative electrode;
5, operating temperature: 25 ℃;
6, solution formula: sodium silicate 12 grams per liters, potassium hydroxide 10 grams per liters, potassium fluoride 6～9 grams per liters;
7, density of current: 2A/dm
2
8, the processing time: 7 minutes;
9, the magnesium alloy hub oxidated layer thickness is about 8 microns, hardness: HRC 70;
Embodiment 2
The magnesium alloy hub product purpose is that the grand ancient cooking vessel power machine Co., Ltd in Chongqing produces 18 inches front and back wheel hubs on the power bicycle.
A, on the basis of AM50A magnesium alloy materials, add the rare earth complex element that contains 85% neodymium of total weight 1.2%.
The MgCl of B, a kind of 37% weight of employing
2, 5% weight CaF
2, the KCl of 45% weight, the BaCl of 9% weight
2, 4% weight MgO be the magnesium alloy covering agent of raw material (addition be magnesium alloy materials melting amount 4%), the KCl of a kind of NaCl with 74% weight %, 26 weight % is the refining agent of Mg alloy (addition be magnesium alloy materials melting amount 0.8%) of raw material, adds 1.2% calcium chloride and magnesium alloy solution is carried out grain refinement handles.
C, with the step C of example 1.
The quenching as-cast mode is adopted in D, wheel hub heat treatment: take out in the direct dip quench tank from casting mold when foundry goods is cooled to 500 ℃, take out from tank when being cooled to below 410 ℃, carry out ageing treatment then under 150 ℃.
E, surface treatment mode adopt handles the chromaking processing.
Claims (8)
1, a kind of manufacture method of magnesium alloy hub, its feature comprises alloy preparation, melting, mould remodeling, mold cavity spraying, pouring type, heat treatment, surface treatment step, and it is the rare earth element that adds 0.5～2.0 weight % on the basis of casting magnesium alloy material that wherein said alloy is prepared; When being included in melting, described melting step adds with MgCl
2CaF
2, KCl, BaCl
2, MgO is the magnesium alloy covering agent of primary raw material, addition is 2～4% of a magnesium alloy smelting amount, this magnesium alloy covering agent is weight portion 25～40%MgCl
2, 2～20% CaF
2, 30～50% KCl, 5～15% BaCl
2, 1～5%MgO.
2, the manufacture method of magnesium alloy hub as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that adding with NaCl, KCl when described melting step is included in melting is the refining agent of Mg alloy of primary raw material, addition is 0.5～0.8% of a magnesium alloy smelting amount, and refining agent of Mg alloy is made up of the NaCl of 75 weight portions and the KCl of 25 weight portions.
3, the manufacture method of magnesium alloy hub as claimed in claim 1 adds when it is characterized in that described melting step is included in melting and accounts for the zirconium chloride or the zirconium fluoride of total weight 0.2～0.5%, or accounts for the calcium chloride or the calcium fluoride of total weight 0.4～1.2%.
4, the manufacture method of magnesium alloy hub as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that described mould remodeling increases wall thickness, increases curving of casting, increases sink head, at mould built-in resistor temperature booster, water cooling plant, temperature sensor, and vacuum suction.
5, the manufacture method of magnesium alloy hub as claimed in claim 4; it is characterized in that in patrix or counterdie, being provided with the electro heat hole; adopt electro heat; at the built-in recirculated water cooling pipe of counterdie; built-in temperature sensor on lower bolster, slide block, cope match-plate pattern; described vacuum suction is to be provided with bleed-off passage between upper die and lower die and slide block, bleeds with vacuum pump before cast or after the cast.
6, the manufacture method of magnesium alloy hub as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that described heat treatment step is 400～500 ℃ of following solution treatment, need feed Co in the heat tracing process in hardening furnace
2, SF
6Or So
2Be the atmosphere gas of main component, and then under 150～200 ℃, carry out ageing treatment.
7, the manufacture method of magnesium alloy hub as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that described heat treatment step is to take out directly to invade in the quenching tank from casting mold when foundry goods is cooled to 400～500 ℃, from tank, take out when being cooled to below 200 ℃, then 150～200 ℃ of following ageing treatment.
8, the manufacture method of magnesium alloy hub as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that described surface treatment is the processing of differential arc oxidation, and technological condition is:
A, production facilities: common plastics electrolytic bath;
B, operating voltage: 260V three plase alternating current;
C, electric current output wave shape: pulse square wave;
D, modes of emplacement: magnesium alloy hub is as anode, and the stainless steel sheet in the electrolytic bath is as negative electrode;
E, operating temperature: 25～35 ℃
F, solution formula: sodium silicate 8～20 grams per liters, potassium hydroxide 6～17 grams per liters, potassium fluoride 6～15 grams per liters;
G, density of current: 2A/dm
2
H, processing time: 7～9 minutes;
I, magnesium alloy hub oxidated layer thickness are about 5～10 microns, hardness: HRC70.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB031090346A CN100515804C (en) | 2003-04-03 | 2003-04-03 | Magnesium alloy hub manufacturing method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB031090346A CN100515804C (en) | 2003-04-03 | 2003-04-03 | Magnesium alloy hub manufacturing method |
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| CN1439539A CN1439539A (en) | 2003-09-03 |
| CN100515804C true CN100515804C (en) | 2009-07-22 |
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|---|---|---|---|
| CNB031090346A Expired - Fee Related CN100515804C (en) | 2003-04-03 | 2003-04-03 | Magnesium alloy hub manufacturing method |
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Families Citing this family (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN100372635C (en) * | 2005-05-27 | 2008-03-05 | 刘明 | Method for manufacturing magnesium alloy wheel hub and product thereof |
| CN100406159C (en) * | 2006-01-20 | 2008-07-30 | 中国科学院金属研究所 | Method for casting Mg-Al-Zn based magnesium alloy with high strength and high tenacity |
| CN101113529B (en) * | 2007-08-24 | 2010-05-19 | 西安交通大学 | Magnesium radical micro arc oxidization electrolytic solution and its micro arc oxidation process |
| JP5798381B2 (en) * | 2011-06-01 | 2015-10-21 | 旭テック株式会社 | Mold for manufacturing vehicle wheel and method for manufacturing vehicle wheel using the same |
| CN105234374A (en) * | 2015-11-11 | 2016-01-13 | 无锡清杨机械制造有限公司 | Magnesium alloy casting method |
| CN106119845A (en) * | 2016-06-25 | 2016-11-16 | 袁春华 | A kind of preparation method of rub resistance Corrosion-resistant magnesia alloy |
| CN107245681B (en) * | 2017-05-31 | 2018-08-28 | 江苏金基特钢有限公司 | A kind of optimization heat treatment process of high corrosion resistance magnesium alloy |
| CN108405827B (en) * | 2018-04-08 | 2019-11-01 | 仝仲盛 | The preparation process of automobile magnesium alloy hub |
| CN108638750B (en) * | 2018-07-06 | 2020-08-04 | 安徽思源三轻智能制造有限公司 | Hub assembly and method of manufacturing the same |
| CN110116192A (en) * | 2019-05-09 | 2019-08-13 | 广东万丰摩轮有限公司 | A kind of water cooling mold and wheel hub casting technique for wheel hub casting |
| CN113263159A (en) * | 2021-05-17 | 2021-08-17 | 陕西鸿泰元和镁业有限公司 | Method for manufacturing magnesium alloy car hub |
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2003
- 2003-04-03 CN CNB031090346A patent/CN100515804C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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