CN100514710C - Improved middle or large-sized battery pack of increased safety - Google Patents
Improved middle or large-sized battery pack of increased safety Download PDFInfo
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- CN100514710C CN100514710C CNB2006800132080A CN200680013208A CN100514710C CN 100514710 C CN100514710 C CN 100514710C CN B2006800132080 A CNB2006800132080 A CN B2006800132080A CN 200680013208 A CN200680013208 A CN 200680013208A CN 100514710 C CN100514710 C CN 100514710C
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
- H01M50/572—Means for preventing undesired use or discharge
- H01M50/574—Devices or arrangements for the interruption of current
- H01M50/581—Devices or arrangements for the interruption of current in response to temperature
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/4235—Safety or regulating additives or arrangements in electrodes, separators or electrolyte
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/425—Structural combination with electronic components, e.g. electronic circuits integrated to the outside of the casing
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/44—Methods for charging or discharging
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
- H01M50/502—Interconnectors for connecting terminals of adjacent batteries; Interconnectors for connecting cells outside a battery casing
- H01M50/519—Interconnectors for connecting terminals of adjacent batteries; Interconnectors for connecting cells outside a battery casing comprising printed circuit boards [PCB]
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
- H01M50/572—Means for preventing undesired use or discharge
- H01M50/574—Devices or arrangements for the interruption of current
- H01M50/578—Devices or arrangements for the interruption of current in response to pressure
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/425—Structural combination with electronic components, e.g. electronic circuits integrated to the outside of the casing
- H01M2010/4271—Battery management systems including electronic circuits, e.g. control of current or voltage to keep battery in healthy state, cell balancing
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M2220/00—Batteries for particular applications
- H01M2220/20—Batteries in motive systems, e.g. vehicle, ship, plane
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
- Battery Mounting, Suspending (AREA)
Abstract
Disclosed herein is a middle- or large-sized battery pack having a plurality of battery cells, which can be charged and discharged, stacked one on another with high density and electrically connected with each other. When the battery cells swell due to abnormal operation of the battery pack or degradation of the battery pack caused by the charge and discharge of the battery cells for a long period of time, stress is concentrated on a predetermined region of the battery pack due to the change of thickness of the swelling battery cells, whereby the physical change of the battery pack is caused, and the disconnection of an electrically connecting member of the battery pack is mechanically accomplished by the physical change of the battery pack. Consequently, the battery pack according to the present invention provides high safety.
Description
Technical field
The present invention is about a kind of medium-sized or large-scale battery pack of improvement with fail safe of enhancement, particularly, about a kind of medium-sized or large-scale battery pack, has whole cramped construction, and be arranged to when battery unit for example to cause and be out of shape, break or the variation of physical property such as separation when occurring on the specific region of battery pack because multiple different reason expands, and mechanical realization electrical connecting element disconnects, and guarantees the fail safe of battery pack thus.
Background technology
When movable fixture has significant progress, and the demand of these movable fixtures rolled up, also strong demand is arranged for secondary cell as the movable fixture power supply.Wherein a kind of secondary cell is the lithium secondary battery with high-energy-density and discharge voltage, and it has been made extensive studies, now on the market a large amount of commercial uses.
Be used as power driving device, the driving power in electric bicycle (E-Bikes), electric motor car, electric motor car (EV) or the hybrid-electric vehicles (HEV) for example, and the power supply of wireless electron communication devices such as mobile phone, digital camera, individual action assistant (PDA) and notebook computer for example, secondary cell has attracted a large amount of attentions.
The compact battery group that a battery only is housed is used in the small-sized device, for example mobile phone and digital camera.On the other hand, have the medium-sized or large-sized battery pack of battery modules, it comprises two or more battery units that are one another in series and/or are connected in parallel, and is used for medium-sized or large-scale device, for example notebook computer and electric motor car.
As previously mentioned, lithium secondary battery has excellent electrical property, yet the fail safe of lithium secondary battery is not good.For example, when the upset operation that lithium secondary battery takes place, for example overcharge, cross when putting, exposing at high temperature with disconnection, can cause active material and electrolytical decomposition as battery component, therefore produce heat and gas, the high temperature and the high heat condition that are caused by heat that is produced and gas can quicken above-mentioned decomposition, thus may initiation fire and blast.
For this reason; lithium secondary battery all has safety system; for example at over-charging of battery, cross and to put or be used to cut off the protective circuit of electric current during overcurrent; positive temperature coefficient element (PTC); its resistance obviously increases when battery temperature increases hindering electric current, or hinders the secure flows port of electric current or discharge gas when increasing because produce gas when pressure.For example, in small-sized cylindrical secondary battery, PTC element and secure flows port are usually located at has negative electrode/isolation part/top of the electrode assemblie (generating element) of anode construction, and it places cylindrical shell.On the other hand, in square or bag shape small size secondary cell, protective circuit and PTC element place upper end square or bag shape shell usually, and wherein generating element places sealing state.
The safety problem of lithium secondary battery is more serious for medium-sized or large-scale battery pack with multi-unit structure.Because use a plurality of battery units in the battery pack of multi-unit structure, the upset operation meeting of part battery unit causes the upset operation of other battery units, so initiation fire and blast, and causes extensive accident.To this, medium-sized or large-scale battery pack all has safety system, as fuse, bimetallic, with battery management system (BMS), avoid overcharging, cross and put and overcurrent with the protection battery unit.
Yet along with continuing to use lithium secondary battery, along with continuing that battery is discharged and recharged, generating element and electrical connecting element can slowly be degenerated.For example, the degeneration of generating element can cause electrode material and electrolytical decomposition, thereby produces gas.As a result, battery unit (cylindrical shell or bag shape shell) can slowly expand.Under the general state of lithium secondary battery, safety system, promptly BMS can detect and put, overcharges or overcurrent and control/protection battery pack.Yet under the abnormal state of lithium secondary battery, when BMS did not work, the probability of causing danger had increased, and was difficult to the fail safe for battery pack control battery pack.Medium-sized or large-scale battery pack has the structure of a plurality of battery units in the predetermined case of being fixedly installed in.Therefore, the battery unit of each expansion is further pressurized in limited shell, and therefore under the upset operation state of battery pack, the chance of fire and blast has increased widely.
Therefore, very need be in the technology that can guarantee medium-sized or large-scale battery pack fail safe basically.
In addition, because the weight of device and volume are all reducing, need also to continue the battery pack of tool cramped construction.
Summary of the invention
Therefore, provide the present invention addressing the above problem, and other still unsolved technical problems.
Particularly, the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of battery pack, wherein, when battery unit because upset operation, for example the overcharging of battery pack, cross put, overcurrent, or the deterioration that discharges and recharges for a long time owing to battery unit of battery pack disconnects by the mechanical realization battery pack of the change of battery pack physical property electrical connecting element when expanding, and guarantees the high security of battery pack thus.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a kind of medium-sized or large-sized battery pack, form, guarantee the high security of battery pack simultaneously with compact structure.
According to the present invention, can have a plurality of discharge and recharge via providing, pile up mutually and the medium-sized or large-sized battery pack of the battery unit that is electrically connected to each other in highdensity mode, and realize above-mentioned purpose with other, wherein, when battery unit because the upset operation of battery pack or deterioration that battery pack discharges and recharges for a long time owing to battery unit are when expanding, stress can concentrate on because of the change of expansion battery unit thickness on the battery pack specific region, cause the change of battery pack physical property thus, and realize the disconnection of battery pack electrical connecting element by the change mechanicalness of battery pack physical property.
The preferred embodiment of medium-sized or large-sized battery pack, wherein battery unit piles up simultaneously mutually in highdensity mode on flat board and is electrically connected to each other, and is disclosed in korean patent application case 2004-112589, with the name application of applicant.The open of above-mentioned korean patent application case also is reference as being published in this completely.
In a preferred embodiment, this medium-sized or large-sized battery pack comprises: have the lower casing of last accommodation section, wherein a plurality of battery units pile up mutually continuously becomes element cell; Have the last shell of following accommodation section, its covering is stacked on the upper end of the element cell on the lower casing; Be used to be electrically connected first circuit unit of the element cell that piles up mutually, first circuit unit has and is used to detect cell voltage, electric current and/or sense temperature board component; Be electrically connected on the second circuit unit of first circuit unit, the second circuit unit has the mainboard assembly that is used to control the battery pack integrated operation; Be electrically connected on the tertiary circuit unit of second circuit unit, the tertiary circuit unit is connected in outside lead-out terminal and avoids simultaneously overcharging, crosses and put and/or overcurrent.
First circuit unit comprises and is used for splicing ear parallel with one another element cell or that be connected in series, and is used to detect from the voltage of element cell out of the ordinary and/or the tablet assembly of current signal.Preferably, the voltage signal of the first circuit unit receiving element battery.Can be by the temperature of tablet assembly or mainboard assembly measuring unit battery, as the bulk temperature of battery.Preferably, on the direction of displacement of the electrode terminal of element cell, first circuit unit is in the front of battery pack.
The second circuit unit can be positioned on the shift length of electrode terminal of element cell together with first circuit unit, or is placed in the following accommodation section of lower casing.Alternatively, the second circuit unit can be positioned at the back of battery pack, and it is relative with first circuit unit.Preferably, the second circuit unit is placed in the following accommodation section of lower casing.At this moment, element cell is electrically connected with the second circuit unit of the following accommodation section that is placed in lower casing via first circuit unit, and the operation of battery is controlled by the mainboard assembly of second circuit unit.
The tertiary circuit unit, that is, be connected in external device (ED) and control battery and in charge and discharge process, overcharge, cross and to put and the last element of the battery pack of overcurrent, can be positioned at together on the direction of displacement of electrode terminal of element cell, or be placed in the following accommodation section of lower casing with first circuit unit.Alternatively, the tertiary circuit unit can be positioned at the rear end of battery pack, and it is relative with first circuit unit.Preferably, the tertiary circuit unit is positioned at the back of battery pack, and it is relative with first circuit unit.Preferably, battery control of overcurrent in charge and discharge process is carried out by switch element, for example is included in the field effect transistor (FET) in the tertiary circuit unit.
Above-mentioned circuit unit forms in the mode of printed circuit board (PCB) (PCB), and it can realize the stability of cramped construction and battery pack.According to environment, some circuit unit can be formed integrally as and be monomer.
Because the last shell and the lower casing of battery pack are separated from each other, according to the output of desired capacitance and battery pack, it is possible increasing or remove unit cells between last shell and lower casing, therefore, can design battery pack neatly.In addition, the overall dimensions of last shell and lower casing is corresponding to the size of each unit cells.Therefore, can make battery pack with compact structure.
In have the battery pack that battery unit piles up mutually according to the present invention, because multiple reason is when expanding, stress produces on the direction of battery unit thickness when battery unit.Stress acts on the battery pack on the direction of battery unit thickness.Although battery pack inside changes, in the battery pack that is constructed to can structurally not be out of shape, stress directly concentrates on the battery unit.Therefore, increased the possibility of above-mentioned danger.On the other hand, the invention is characterized in that stress concentrates on certain part (presumptive area) of battery pack, therefore, physical change has taken place in the presumptive area of battery pack.The presumptive area of battery pack may be out of shape because of the physical change of battery pack, separate or be broken.In addition, the invention is characterized in, when physical change has taken place battery pack, mechanically realized the disconnection of electrical connecting element.
Therefore, when battery pack according to the present invention is constructed to when battery cell swell, the presumptive area of battery pack can be out of shape easily, separate or be broken, and therefore make the thickness of battery unit surpass critical value, and when change when battery pack generation physical property, battery pack according to the present invention is constructed to mechanically to realize the disconnection of electrical connecting element easily, thereby has guaranteed the fail safe of battery pack.
Preferably, the presumptive area that the battery pack that physical property changes takes place because of the expansion of element cell can be front, back and/or the side of the battery unit battery pack of piling up mutually.Therefore battery pack can be constituted, reduce relatively in the mechanical strength of the presumptive area of front, back and/or the side of battery pack, therefore when battery cell swell, stress concentrates on the presumptive area of low mechanical strength, and battery pack is by the change of physical property ground thus.Preferably, this presumptive area can be to form the element coupling regime of battery pack or element itself.
In the above-mentioned battery pack according to this preferred embodiment, when the printed circuit board (PCB) (PCB) (tertiary circuit unit PCB) of tertiary circuit unit is positioned at the both sides of battery pack or back, can be to go up shell and/or lower casing and PCB zone coupled to each other, tertiary circuit unit because of the part that physical property changes takes place for the expansion of battery unit.
Each interelement coupling of forming battery pack may be implemented in a variety of ways.For example, coupling can form coupling slot on counter element, and bolt is passed coupling slot realize.Therefore, coupling regime is configured to when the battery cell swell, stress concentrates on the presumptive area with low mechanical strength, and the change of battery pack generation physical property thus for example, makes the mechanical strength of coupling regime be lower than the mechanical strength of other coupling regime.Therefore, the presumptive area of battery pack is owing to the stress of concentrating deforms, separates or breaks.In a preferred embodiment, wherein can be designed to the shape of open slot at the coupling slot of one of them element of coupling regime.
Battery pack comprises a plurality of elements (electrical connecting element), is used for a plurality of elements are electrically connected to each other such as busbar, electric wire, cable.According to the present invention, battery pack is configured to, the disconnection of electrical connecting element is when the change of above-mentioned battery pack generation physical property and mechanically to realize.Particularly, when battery cell swell, the presumptive area that the join domain of electrical connecting element is concentrated at stress is separated or is broken, and disconnects thus being electrically connected.
Separate or the join domain of the electrical connecting element that breaks can constitute in many ways.For example, the join domain of electrical connecting element can be the join domain between electrode terminal and busbar or the electric wire, the join domain between cable and the tap terminal that cable is connected, or the join domain in cable stage casing.
Specifically, being connected by welding, welding or screw engagement between electrode terminal and busbar realizes.Therefore, the length of Connection Element can be constrained to predetermined degree, makes that stress concentrates on the Connection Element between electrode terminal and busbar when element cell expands, therefore realize the disconnection of Connection Element, or coupling regime is configured to coupling regime to be cut off in a direction.
Preferably, cable and tap terminal are configured to, cable and tap terminal are coupled to each other separably.On the direction that cable extends along at least one element cell thickness, cable can be connected to the tap terminal of coupled mode, make cable can be directly corresponding to the varied in thickness of element cell.
Generally speaking, cable made have high-tension, therefore when sizable external force was applied on the cable, cable can not be cut off or rupture.Therefore, in order to allow cable break, coupling element separable or coupling is arranged at the stage casing of cable, and cable is arranged to and can extends along the thickness of at least one unit cells.
Preferably, when causing the electrical connecting element of disconnection, meeting is positioned at wherein opposite end (a of battery unit (element cell), during b) a wherein end, promptly, one end (a) of element cell, the other end of element cell (b) is fixed, and the thickness of element cell increases at element cell (a) end thus, has therefore realized the disconnection of electrical connecting element easily.
In the above-mentioned battery pack according to this preferred embodiment, when battery cell swell, the change of the coupling regime generation physical property between last shell or lower casing and the tertiary circuit unit PCB, at least be connected to tertiary circuit unit PCB as a cable of electrical connecting element via last shell or lower casing, make the disconnection that mechanically realizes at least one cable because the physical property of coupling regime changes thus.For example, when last shell and tertiary circuit unit PCB zone coupled to each other be owing to battery cell swell take place that physical property changes regional the time, because cable is connected to tertiary circuit unit PCB via last shell, therefore when battery cell swell, last shell separates with tertiary circuit unit PCB.At this moment, the tension force that makes progress can be applied on the cable, thereby cable and tertiary circuit unit PCB are disconnected.
In a preferred embodiment, the tap terminal on the tertiary circuit unit PCB, it links to each other with the end cable, and outstanding according to the direction of the tension force that applies, tap terminal is separated with tap terminal easily thus, therefore realizes disconnecting.
In battery pack of the present invention,, be not specially limited battery unit as element cell as long as battery unit is the secondary cell that can charge or discharge.Preferably, battery unit is the square secondary cell or the secondary cell of bag shape.More preferably, the secondary cell of bag shape can be used as battery unit, since the low cost of manufacture of the secondary cell of bag shape, and the secondary cell of bag shape provides small size, weight is to volume and export ratio, and the secondary cell of bag shape can highdensity mode pile up mutually thus.Therefore reduced the cumulative volume and the weight of battery pack, and these battery pack provide higher output and capacity than the battery pack of other same sizes.
Anode, negative electrode, the separator of having formed each battery unit have been known with electrolyte in the relevant field of the present invention, and have been used in the battery pack of the present invention.For example, lithium transition-metal oxide can be used as active material of positive electrode such as the composition of lithium and cobalt oxides, lithium manganese oxide, lithium nickel oxide and oxide.
Battery unit according to the desirable output of battery pack and capacity with parallel connection and or the mode of connecting be electrically connected to each other.In addition, battery unit is electrically connected to the mainboard assembly of the overall operation that is used to control battery pack, and is electrically connected to be used to control and overcharges and cross the field effect transistor element of putting.
When the secondary cell of bag shape during as element cell, the thickness of element cell increases up to 10% of element cell original thickness generally.Yet when unusual condition continued, element cell can expand above top.Therefore, electrode begins deterioration, has therefore quickened the probability of blast.For this cause, critical value is made as to be lower than makes the thickness that heightens of blast probability, realize the disconnection of electrical connecting element thus, and therefore guaranteed the fail safe of battery pack.When using square secondary cell as element cell, because the engineering properties of its square shell, the change in volume of rectangular secondary cell can be less than the secondary cell of bag shape.Therefore, should consider above-mentioned details during the critical value setting of rectangular secondary cell varied in thickness.
Not only can be used as power supply in electric bicycle (E-Bikes), electric motor car, electric motor car or the hybrid-electric vehicles according to battery pack of the present invention, also be available as the power supply of other multiple fields and product.Preferably, battery pack according to the present invention is that usefulness is the power supply of electric bicycle, and reason is that battery pack has compact structure.
Description of drawings
Above-mentioned and other purposes of the present invention, feature and other advantages under be described in detail and followed graphicly be combined in the clearer understanding of consideration meeting.
Fig. 1 shows the exemplary view of battery modules, and it forms battery pack according to the preferred embodiment of the present invention, and this battery modules has can be with the electrode terminal separated structures of busbar from element cell;
Fig. 2 shows the exemplary view that all element cells of battery modules all expand among Fig. 1;
Fig. 3 and Fig. 4 are the part exemplary view, show the state of living in of connection relation between electrode terminal and corresponding busbar, described state respectively is, the state that element cell is connected with each other usually, and the state that expands element cell is disconnected each other owing to the element cell in the battery modules among Fig. 1;
Fig. 5 shows the exemplary view of battery modules, and it forms battery pack according to another preferred embodiment of the present invention, and this battery modules has can be with cable from the terminal tap separated structures;
Fig. 6 shows the exemplary view that some element cell of battery modules expands among Fig. 5;
Fig. 7 shows the part exemplary view of battery modules, and it forms battery pack according to the another preferred embodiment of the present invention, and this battery modules has the structure that two opposite ends of cable can be separated from one another;
Fig. 8 shows the part exemplary view of the element cell expansion of battery modules among Fig. 7;
Fig. 9 to Figure 13 is respectively end view, rearview, plan view, bottom view and bottom perspective view, shows the compact battery according to the preferred embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 14 shows among Fig. 9 when the element cell of battery pack expands, the diagrammatic sketch that battery pack structure changes;
Figure 15 to Figure 18 shows has the exemplary view that in Figure 10 A partly locates the couple state of the coupling slot of the multiple hatch frame that disposes and coupling slot.
Embodiment
The present invention will come more detailed illustration by following preferred embodiment and the accompanying drawing of being accompanied.Yet what recognize is that category of the present invention is not limited to illustrated example.
Fig. 1 shows the exemplary view of battery modules, and it forms battery pack according to the preferred embodiment of the present invention, and this battery modules has can be with busbar wherein from the electrode terminal separated structures of element cell.
With reference to figure 1, battery modules 10, it forms medium-sized or large-sized battery pack, comprises a plurality of battery units 11, and described battery unit is the element cell that piles up mutually, thereby makes the terminal 11c of battery unit 11 and 11a towards equidirectional.According to this situation, battery unit 11 can pile up mutually and make the terminal 11c of battery unit 11 and 11a be arranged to be 90 ° or 180 ° towards, this details is disclosed in korean patent application case 2004-92887, with the name application of applicant.The open of above-mentioned korean patent application case also is reference as being published in this completely.
Terminal 11c is connected by busbar 12 mutually with 11a.Terminal 11c and 11a and busbar 12 with Laser Welding, spot welding, iron weldering or screw engagement intercouples.
Fig. 2 shows the exemplary view that all element cells of forming battery modules all expand.For the event of clear understanding, the expansion of element cell can be exaggerated.
When battery unit 11 expanded because of a variety of causes, as shown in Figure 2, specifically, cell body expanded, and the distance between the electrode terminal 11c of a battery unit 11 and 11a and between the electrode terminal 11c of another adjacent cells unit 11 and 11a increases.According to the present invention, because the change of battery unit 11 physical properties and when expanding as previously mentioned, difficulty ground the disconnection of physics from the battery unit 11 of correspondence take place as the busbar 12 of electrical connecting element when the volume of battery unit 11.
Fig. 3 and Fig. 4 are exemplary view, show the connection relation in following state between electrode terminal and pairing busbar, described state is respectively the state that element cell normally is connected with each other, and the state that expands element cell is disconnected each other owing to element cell in the battery modules.
With reference to these figure, busbar 12 is tabular conducting elements, and it is fixed in electrode terminal 11c and the 11c ' of battery unit 11 and 11 ' with spot welding.Electrode terminal 11c has more solder joint compared with electrode terminal 11c ', and therefore with respect to electrode terminal 11c, busbar 12 has bigger bonding force compared with electrode terminal 11c '.
In addition, form snap close in the lower end of busbar 12 and protrude 14, make snap close protrude 14 longitudinal directions and extend along electrode terminal 11c.Snap close protrusion 14 correctly is positioned at busbar 12 on the electrode terminal 11c as auxiliary.In addition, snap close protrudes 14 as the coupling of keeping 12 of electrode terminal 11c and busbars, and with when battery unit 11 and 11 ' expands, auxiliary electrode terminal 11c ' and busbar 12 be delamination each other.According to this situation, can on the precalculated position of busbar 12, form another snap close and protrude 15, make snap close protrude 15 longitudinal directions and extend along electrode terminal 11c ', below electrode terminal 11c ', contact again simultaneously.
Later with reference to figure 1, because busbar 12 is as the electrical connecting element of battery pack, when battery unit 11 expands, it separates with battery unit 11, when the lower end of the battery unit 11 relative with 11a with electrode terminal 11c was fixed, the change in volume of battery unit 11 was concentrated on the battery unit 11 at electrode terminal 11c and 11a side place.Therefore, busbar 12 can separate with 11a with electrode terminal 11c easily.
Fig. 5 shows the exemplary view of battery modules, and it forms battery pack according to another preferred embodiment of the present invention, and this battery modules has can be with cable from the terminal tap separated structures.
With reference to figure 5, a plurality of battery units of battery modules 20 21 pile up mutually with high density, make the electrode terminal 21c of battery unit 21 be connected with connecting plate 22.For example, connecting plate 22 is printed circuit board (PCB) (PCB).Connecting plate 22 is used for battery unit 21 electricity and physically interconnects.In addition, connecting plate 22 is used for detecting the voltage and the temperature of each battery unit 21.Transfer to another printed circuit board (PCB) 24 from the electric current of connecting plate 22 via cable 23, printed circuit board (PCB) 24 is positioned at the back of battery unit 21.Back PCB 27 can perhaps can be the guard plate that field-effect transistor (FET) element is installed on it for the mainboard of control battery pack integrated operation.According to circumstances, back PCB 27 can comprise external input and output side.
Connecting plate 22 is fixed in lower casing 25 with back PCB 27, and arranges cable 23 that cable 23 is extended along the outer surface of the battery unit 21 that piles up.Therefore, as shown in Figure 6, tension force upwards applies when battery unit 21 expands.Though Fig. 6 typically shows the expansion of some battery unit 21, even when all battery units 21 all expand, upwards tension force also is applied on the cable 23.Because the electrode terminal 21c of battery unit 21 is connected mechanically to connecting plate 22, so the expansion of battery unit 21 concentrates on the battery unit 21.
One end 24 of cable 23 is coupled to connecting plate 22 regularly; Yet the other end 25 of cable 23 is with the terminal tap 26 of PCB 27 after mode is coupled to separably.Particularly, the terminal tap 26 with cable end 25 couplings has coupled structure protruding upward.Therefore, when upwards tension force was applied on the cable, terminal tap 26 was separated from cable end 25.The expansion critical condition that makes the battery unit 21 that cable end 25 separates with terminal tap 26 mainly be by the length of cable 23 and each battery unit 21 than and the bonding force of 26 of cable end 25 and terminal tap determined.Therefore, the critical condition that disconnects as the cable 23 of electrical connecting element can decide by setting up suitable critical condition.
Fig. 7 shows the part exemplary view of battery modules, and it forms battery pack according to the another preferred embodiment of the present invention, and this battery modules has the structure that two opposite ends of the cable that wherein ruptures can be separated from one another.
With reference to figure 7, battery modules 30 is constructed to such structure, and wherein coupling element 33 is positioned at the stage casing of cable 32, arranges cable 32 that cable 32 is extended along the outer surface of the battery unit 31 that piles up.
Arrange cable 32, cable 32 is extended along the upper and lower surface of the battery unit 32 that piles up simultaneously.Therefore, when the change in volume of battery unit, tension force is applied on the cable 32.Because the lateral length (thickness) of battery 31 increases greatly when battery unit 31 expands, therefore the tension force that makes progress mainly can be applied on the cable 23.
The opposite end that the coupling element 33 that is positioned at cable 32 stage casings is constructed to cable 32 can be easy to be coupled and disconnect each other by coupling element 33.The outer surface of coupling element 33 has been employed a layer insulation component.Therefore, when battery unit 31 expanded, as shown in Figure 8, the opposite end of cable 32 was separated from each other.Because the opposite end that is arranged in the cable 32 of coupling element 33 has predetermined contact length, therefore only when battery unit 31 expand into above predetermined extent, the opposite end of cable 32 just disconnects each other.Therefore, make that the degrees of expansion of the battery unit 31 that the opposite end of cable 32 is separated from each other is that structure by coupling element 33 is determined.
As shown in Figure 7 and Figure 8, coupling element 33 is formed on the cable 32 that is positioned at stacked battery cells 31 upper surface places.According to circumstances, coupling element 33 can be positioned on the lower surface of the battery unit 31 that piles up.In the latter case, when the storing direction of the electrode terminal of battery unit 31 is fixed to as shown in Figure 6, the expansion of battery unit 31 concentrates on the lower surface of stacked battery cells 31, and therefore, cable 32 opposite ends that are positioned at coupling element 33 are easy to just be separated from each other.
Fig. 9 to Figure 13 is respectively end view, rearview, plan view, bottom view and bottom schematic view, shows the compact battery according to the preferred embodiment of the present invention.With reference to these figure, battery pack 100 comprises: go up shell 200, lower casing 300, a plurality of element cell 400, the first circuit unit PCB 500, second circuit unit PCB 600 and tertiary circuit unit PCB700.Element cell 400 piles up mutually at last shell 200 and 300 of lower casings, and it is separated from each other.The first circuit unit PCB 500 is positioned at the front of battery pack 100, second circuit unit PCB 600 be positioned at battery pack below, tertiary circuit unit PCB 700 is positioned at the back of battery pack 100.
Because last shell 200 is separated from each other with lower casing 300, the number of the element cell 400 that can pile up is not mutually limited with lower casing 300 by last shell 200.Therefore can be easy to number, design battery modules 100 with tertiary circuit unit PCB 700, make it have desirable electric weight and output by changing the first circuit unit PCB 500 according to stacked unit cells 400.In addition, element cell 400 is exposed, and has therefore realized heat radiation when element cell 400 fills or discharges effectively.
The structure of lower casing 300 is almost corresponding to the outward appearance of element cell 400.Lower casing 300 comprises the accommodation section (not shown), its accomodating unit battery 400.Lower casing 300 is the parts with high strength and electric insulation.Preferably, lower casing 300 is made by plastic resin, as acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene (ABS) (ABS), Merlon or polybutylene terepthatlate (PBT).
The electrode terminal that is stacked on the pouch-typed secondary battery 400 on the lower casing 300 is connected to the first circuit unit PCB 500.Specifically, the first circuit unit PCB 500 is used for secondary cell 400 mechanicalness and electric connection each other.
Except cable 510, be used for that second circuit unit PCB 600 is electrically connected to the first circuit unit PCB 500 and have the lower surface that is placed in the lower casing 300 of the second circuit unit PCB600 in the accommodation section 310 under it to control the electric wire 610 and 612 of battery pack 100, to be arranged at tertiary circuit unit PCB 700.
On the other hand, last shell 200 has following accommodation section (not shown), and it is corresponding to the size of element cell 400, and the top of the feasible element cell 400 that piles up is contained in down in the accommodation section.Element cell 400 is mechanically connected to shell 200 and lower casing 300 by fastener 210, and fastener inserts the through hole that passes electrode terminal, and details has been specified in the korean patent application case 2004-112589 that is before carried.
Tertiary circuit unit PCB 700 has the rectangle radiator structure, is connected with it with 730 as the field effect transistor element 720 of switch element.
The first circuit unit PCB 500 that forms battery pack 100 front portions, last shell 200 and lower casing 300 is coupled to each other via long fastener 210, and long fastener inserts the electrode terminal that passes element cell 400.Therefore, the mechanical strength in the first circuit unit PCB 500, last shell 200 and lower casing 300 zones coupled to each other is higher.On the other hand, form battery pack 100 rear portions, to go up shell 200 coupled to each other via bolt 800 with the tertiary circuit unit PCB 700 of lower casing 300, bolt 800 inserts to pass and is respectively formed at tertiary circuit unit PCB 700, goes up the coupling slot 740 (coupling slot of tertiary circuit unit PCB) on shell 200 and the lower casing 300.Therefore, tertiary circuit unit PCB 700, go up shell 200 and lower casing 300 zone coupled to each other mechanical strength lower.For this cause, the stress that is produced when the expansion of element cell 400 concentrates on tertiary circuit unit PCB 700, goes up shell 200 and/or lower casing 300 zone coupled to each other.The result is that last shell 200 and/or lower casing 300 and tertiary circuit unit PCB700 can break in zone coupled to each other.
Figure 14 shows among Fig. 9 when the element cell 400 of battery pack expands, the representative view of battery pack 100 structural changes.
With reference to Figure 14, along with because the expansion of the element cell 400 of multiple reason, the thickness of element cell 400 can increase.During this time, produced stress, vertical tension is applied on shell 200 and the lower casing 300 via stress.Stress is concentrated in the most weak zone.For example, shown in Figure 6, compare with the zone that tertiary circuit unit PCB 700 and last shell 200 are coupled to each other, when the zone that tertiary circuit unit PCB 700 and lower casing 300 intercouple will be stablized on mechanicalness more, the stress that element cell 400 is produced can damage coupling regime 760.Generally speaking, make PCB with glass fiber-reinforced epoxy synthetic resin.Therefore, PCB has high mechanical properties.So as shown in Figure 6, the part of last shell 200 is sheared, therefore, coupling regime 760 breaks.
On the other hand, also be connected to tertiary circuit unit PCB 700 via the upper surface of last shell 200 owing to be connected to the cable 520 of the first circuit unit PCB 500, cable 520 has been subjected to the very big influence of last shell 200 and 700 changes of tertiary circuit unit PCB.Particularly, as shown in Figure 6, when last shell 200 separated with tertiary circuit unit PCB 700, powerful tension force was applied on the cable 500.Therefore, realized the electricity disconnection of 700 of cable 520 and tertiary circuit unit PCB.
Particularly, the terminal tap 770 of tertiary circuit unit PCB 700 projects upwards, and an end 522 of cable 520 is coupled with terminal tap 770 separably.Therefore, when last shell 200 separates with tertiary circuit unit PCB 700, realized electric disconnection easily.
Figure 15 to Figure 18 shows the coupling slot with multiple hatch frame, and it is configured in the A part among Figure 10, and the exemplary view that shows the couple state of coupling slot.
With reference to these figure, the coupling slot 230 of last shell 200 is configured to case type structure, and on the other hand, the coupling slot 740 of tertiary circuit unit PCB 700 is configured to the structure of upward opening.Aim at the coupling slot 740 of tertiary circuit unit PCB 700 and bolt 800 inserted by the coupling slot 230 that will go up shell 200 and pass the coupling slot 230 and 740 of aligning, thereby realized the coupling of 700 of last shell 200 and tertiary circuit unit PCB.Therefore when last shell 200 moved up because of the expansion of element cell, bolt 800 moved up along the opening 742 of the coupling slot 740 of tertiary circuit unit PCB 700, and bolt 800 is coupled with the coupling slot 230 of last shell 200 again simultaneously.Therefore, coupling is untied.Alternatively, opening can be formed on the coupling slot 230 of shell 200.At this moment, opening is formed on the coupling slot 230, makes opening down.
Though openly the preferred embodiments of the present invention show purposes, it all is feasible that those skilled in the art should know multiple correction, interpolation, replacement, not departing from scope of the present invention in the appended claim and spirit.
Industry applications
Understand from above-mentioned explanation is clear, when battery unit because according to of the present invention medium-sized or large-scale The upset operation of battery pack, for example overcharge, cross put, overcurrent, or because medium-sized or large-scale The continuous use of battery pack and so that cell device deterioration and when expanding, stress is concentrated in battery On the specific region of group, therefore, be electrically connected and throw off. Therefore, according to of the present invention medium-sized or Large-scale battery pack provides high security. In addition, according to battery pack of the present invention is configured Be compact and stable structure mechanically, so small size or light battery pack can be according to the present invention And make.
Particularly, when battery unit expands because of the deterioration of battery unit, can not be with traditional Security system is controlled. The expansion of these battery units can only be by having the above-mentioned knot according to the present invention The battery pack of structure is controlled.
Claims (15)
1. medium-sized or large-sized battery pack with a plurality of battery units, it can be recharged or discharge, and described battery unit piles up mutually to high-density and is electrically connected to each other, wherein,
When because the upset operation of battery pack or owing to battery unit discharges and recharges the deterioration that causes battery pack when making battery cell swell for a long time, because the change of expansion battery unit thickness, stress is concentrated on the presumptive area of battery pack, cause the change of battery pack physical property thus, and mechanically realize the disconnection of the electrical connecting element of battery pack by the change of battery pack physical property.
2. battery pack as claimed in claim 1, wherein battery pack comprises:
Mutually continuous one of lower casing with last accommodation section, wherein a plurality of battery units are stacked on and become element cell on another;
Have the last shell of following accommodation section, its covering is stacked on the upper end of the element cell on the lower casing;
First circuit unit, the element cell that is used for piling up is electrically connected mutually, and first circuit unit has and is used to detect cell voltage, electric current and/or sense temperature board component;
The second circuit unit is electrically connected on first circuit unit, and the second circuit unit has the mainboard assembly that is used to control the battery pack integrated operation; And
The tertiary circuit unit is electrically connected on the second circuit unit, and the tertiary circuit unit is connected in outside lead-out terminal, avoids simultaneously overcharging, crosses and put and/or overcurrent.
3. battery pack as claimed in claim 2, wherein
On the direction of displacement of the electrode terminal of element cell, first circuit unit is positioned at the front of battery pack,
The second circuit unit is arranged in the following accommodation section of lower casing, and
The tertiary circuit unit is positioned at the back of battery pack.
4. battery pack as claimed in claim 1, wherein the presumptive area of battery pack is out of shape, is separated or break because of the physical change of battery pack.
5. battery pack as claimed in claim 4, wherein presumptive area is the element coupling regime that is positioned at front, back or the side of battery pack or element itself.
6. battery pack as claimed in claim 1, wherein electrical connecting element is busbar, electric wire or cable.
7. battery pack as claimed in claim 6, wherein when battery cell swell, the zone of mechanically realizing the electrical connecting element that electrical connecting element disconnects is the join domain between join domain, cable and tap terminal between electrode terminal and busbar or electric wire, described tap terminal is connected by cable, or is positioned at the join domain in cable stage casing.
8. battery pack as claimed in claim 7 wherein arranges cable to make cable extend along the thickness of one of them element cell, works as battery unit thus, and when promptly the thickness of element cell changed, tension force was applied directly on the cable.
9. battery pack as claimed in claim 1, wherein
When the electrical connecting element that causes disconnection is positioned at battery unit, be the opposite end (a of element cell, during b) one of them, promptly, one end (a) of element cell, the other end of element cell (b) is fixed, and the thickness of element cell increases at (a) of element cell end thus, has therefore realized the disconnection of electrical connecting element easily.
10. battery pack as claimed in claim 2, wherein
Printed circuit board (PCB) when the tertiary circuit unit, when promptly tertiary circuit unit PCB was positioned at the side of battery pack or back, the zone that changes because of the expansion physical property of battery unit was to go up shell and/or lower casing and tertiary circuit unit PCB coupling regime coupled to each other.
11. battery pack as claimed in claim 10 is wherein by forming coupling slot and the coupling that coupling slot is realized coupling regime being passed in the bolt insertion at corresponding element place.
12. battery pack as claimed in claim 11 wherein is formed the shape of open slot at the coupling slot of one of them element at coupling regime place.
13. battery pack as claimed in claim 2, wherein
When battery cell swell, the change of the coupling regime generation physical property between last shell or lower casing and tertiary circuit unit PCB, and
At least one is connected to tertiary circuit unit PCB as the cable of electrical connecting element via last shell or lower casing, thereby mechanically realizes the disconnection of at least one cable because the physical property of coupling regime changes.
14. battery pack as claimed in claim 13, wherein tertiary circuit unit PCB has tap terminal, and it links to each other with an end of at least one cable, and tap terminal is outstanding in the direction that applies tension force.
15. battery pack as claimed in claim 1, wherein battery pack is as electric bicycle, i.e. power supply in E-Bikes, electric motor car, electric motor car or the hybrid-electric vehicles.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| KR1020050036717 | 2005-05-02 | ||
| KR1020050036717A KR100903185B1 (en) | 2005-05-02 | 2005-05-02 | Improved Middle or Large-sized Battery Pack Of Increased Safety |
| KR1020050038686 | 2005-05-10 |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN101164179A CN101164179A (en) | 2008-04-16 |
| CN100514710C true CN100514710C (en) | 2009-07-15 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CNB2006800132080A Active CN100514710C (en) | 2005-05-02 | 2006-04-24 | Improved middle or large-sized battery pack of increased safety |
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| KR (1) | KR100903185B1 (en) |
| CN (1) | CN100514710C (en) |
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| KR100903185B1 (en) | 2009-06-17 |
| CN101164179A (en) | 2008-04-16 |
| KR20060114549A (en) | 2006-11-07 |
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