CN100510053C - Microbial zymogene prepn and feed and alcohol producing process with zymogene prepn - Google Patents
Microbial zymogene prepn and feed and alcohol producing process with zymogene prepn Download PDFInfo
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- CN100510053C CN100510053C CNB2004100656568A CN200410065656A CN100510053C CN 100510053 C CN100510053 C CN 100510053C CN B2004100656568 A CNB2004100656568 A CN B2004100656568A CN 200410065656 A CN200410065656 A CN 200410065656A CN 100510053 C CN100510053 C CN 100510053C
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Classifications
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
- Y02E50/10—Biofuels, e.g. bio-diesel
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- Fodder In General (AREA)
- Preparation Of Compounds By Using Micro-Organisms (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention has the technology scheme of adopting microbial zymogene preparation containing neurospora and saccharomycete. The fermentation process with the microbial zymogene preparation of the present invention to produce feed or alcohol is to add the microbial zymogene preparation components simultaneously or gradually and to process the obtained material for producing feed or alcohol. The present invention has the beneficial effect that the coupled and synergistic fermentation with the microbial zymogene preparation can eliminate the feedback suppression and saccharide or ethanol product suppression in the fermentation, raise the protein content, soften material, generate spirit fragrance, improve the taste of feed and raise production efficiency and product quality.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of microbial fermentation microbial inoculum, especially a kind ofly can be used for producing feed or alcoholic acid microbial fermentation microbial inoculum and produce feed or alcoholic acid method with this fermenting agent.
Background technology
With the plant cellulose is that raw material production feed, single cell protein (Single Cell Protein is called for short SCP) or ethanol are hot research problems both domestic and external.Traditional feed, single cell protein or alcoholic acid production normally utilize hemicellulase (zytase), cellulase, the beta-glucosidase of generation such as wooden mould, the aspergillus niger in mineral acid in the chemical process or the biological method that the cellulose family material is hydrolyzed and obtain fermentable sugar, utilize yeast to produce SCP or ethanol again.Utilize the purpose of mould normally to utilize enzyme system wherein that compositions such as Mierocrystalline cellulose are degraded in the biological method, utilize the zymic purpose normally the resulting fermentable sugar of preceding step enzymolysis to be carried out SCP or alcoholic acid production as carbon source.
Wood mould suitable growth temperature and pH subject range is narrow, produce deleterious trichodermin.Ferment resulting material because of the palatability of the not good influence of the smell of thalline fermentation materials as feed with the existing wood microbial starter culture mould, aspergillus niger that contains, and raw material decomposes not thorough.
In the technology with chemical process, the problems such as tooling cost height of at high temperature the decomposition of the severe corrosive of diluted acid, fermentable sugar, material make productive expense high; In the technology with biological method, because of the cost height of cellulase production, the operation of the substep of enzymic hydrolysis and fermentation causes the production cycle long, complex process.And in the enzymatic hydrolysis and fermentation process, exist problems such as serious feedback inhibition and product inhibition respectively, influenced the raising of efficiency of pcr product.
Summary of the invention
Poor in order to overcome the existing resulting material palatability of microbiobacterial agent fermenting plant cellulosic material, and raw material decomposes halfway deficiency, the invention provides a kind of microbial fermentation microbial inoculum, solved this problem effectively.
The technical solution adopted for the present invention to solve the technical problems is: a kind of microbial fermentation microbial inoculum, this microbial fermentation microbial inoculum contains the mould and yeast of arteries and veins spore.
The preferred scheme of the present invention is that this microbial fermentation microbial inoculum is made with yeast by the arteries and veins spore is mould.
There is no particular limitation for mould, the saccharomycetic proportioning of arteries and veins spore among the present invention, but recommend the arteries and veins spore mould: saccharomycetic weight ratio is 10:(0.01-100), preferred 10:(0.1-20), 10:1-2 preferably.
The mould recommendation of said arteries and veins spore is used coarse arteries and veins spore mould (Neurosporacrassa), middle intercadence spore mould (Neurospora intermedia), is eaten arteries and veins spore mould (Neurospora sitophila) well among the present invention.
Said yeast kind is not limit among the present invention, but the yeast of recommending to use the high yeast of protein content when being used for fodder production or being rich in carotene, carotenoid, astaxanthin, wherein the yeast that protein content is high is Candida utilis (Candida utilis); The yeast that is rich in carotene, carotenoid, astaxanthin etc. is rhodotorula (Rhodotorula), Fife's yeast (Phaffia rhodozyma) etc., Candida utilis preferably, Candida utilis is because of the high characteristic of its protein content, and is the most extensive in using in the production of single cell protein (SCP).Recommend to use the yeast saccharomyces cerevisiae higher yeast of producing and ethanol such as (Saccharomycescerevisiae) when being used for alcohol production.
The further optimized technical scheme of the present invention is: also contain head mold in this microbial fermentation microbial inoculum.When the starch content in the raw material was higher, the fermenting agent that uses, yeast mould by the arteries and veins spore and head mold to make fermented, and its effect is better than not having the combination of head mold.Head mold (Rhizopusstoloifer) claim rhizopus stolonifer again, the black bread mold.Belong to Zygomycotina, mucorales, Rhizopus.Hyphae colorless is transparent, no barrier film, and not long aerial hyphae produces arcual stolon, is called rhizoid, and sporocyst is arranged.Head mold adaptability is strong, starch-splitting ability height.Content those skilled in the art of head mold are decided by raw starch content, recommend with the mould weight ratio of arteries and veins spore be (0.1-20): 1,1:1 preferably.Said head mold kind is not limit among the present invention, but recommends to use the strong bacterial strains of saccharification capability such as rhizopus stolonifer, rhizopus arrhizus when being used for fodder production.
Produce feed or alcoholic acid method with microbial fermentation bacteria fermentation of the present invention, be with the component of fermenting agent simultaneously or substep add in the raw material and ferment, the material that obtains makes feed or ethanol through processing.
The mentioned bacterial classification of the present invention can obtain by the purchase of related microorganism DSMZ or with conventional screening method.
Microbial fermentation microbial inoculum of the present invention methods such as liquid fermenting, solid or semisolid fermentation routinely are prepared into regular dosage form, this fermenting agent can be made according to the needs that use and mix or non-mix bacterium agent, is used for fermentative production feed, single cell protein or ethanol.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: with the microbial fermentation microbial inoculum of the present invention cooperative fermentation that is coupled, can eliminate the protein content that feedback inhibition in the fermenting process and sugar or alcoholic acid product suppress, improve feed effectively, softening material, produce wine flavour, improve the palatability of feed, enhance productivity and quality product.
The growth of the mould genus of arteries and veins spore belongs to the aerobic fungi rapidly, the mycelia flocculence that is white in color, and growth is loose, forms orange chain conidium on the aerial hyphae top, and spore surface has vein.The pH value span of growth temperature and growth is big, and mycelia can both grow in 5 ℃ to 45 ℃ scope, and growth is very fast under 25 ℃ of-35 ℃ of conditions.PH value subject range broad can both be grown in the scope of pH3.0-9.0.This bacterium enzyme system is abundant, plurality of enzymes systems such as energy cellulase-producing, hemicellulase, saccharifying enzyme, proteolytic enzyme, fibrinolytic enzyme, and fermentation of materials such as energy decomposition of cellulose, hemicellulose, starch based obtain feed or ethanol.The arteries and veins spore is mould nontoxic, and is simple to nutritional requirement, and breeding is fast, can be carbon source with hexose and five-carbon sugar.Contain abundant β-Hu Luobusu and vitamins B in thalline and the spore
12Etc. the multiple nutrients material, has very high nutritive value.
The bacterium protein content that the sugar that yeast can obtain fermenting process carries out SCP or alcoholic acid production, particularly Candida utilis as carbon source is very high; Another characteristics of Candida utilis be can effectively utilize ethanol, glycol ether, sugar etc. obtain high thalline output (biomass, Biomass); Yeast saccharomyces cerevisiae can be converted into ethanol with fermentable sugar efficiently for another example.Utilize fermenting agent fermentation of the present invention, make the two performance speciality separately.Utilize the abundant characteristics of arteries and veins spore mould enzyme system to transform materials such as Mierocrystalline cellulose, hemicellulose and starch efficiently and be fermentable sugar and ethanol, nutritious arteries and veins spore is mould itself also to become the some of feed, can utilize the characteristic of several kinds of carbon source such as sugar and ethanol with yeast, high productivity obtains the SCP product or transforms material efficiently is ethanol, eliminate feedback inhibition, improve conversion of raw material and product yield, reduce production costs.
Embodiment
The present invention is further described below in conjunction with embodiment.
Embodiment 1: make fermenting agent for 0.01 part with mould 10 parts of arteries and veins spore, Candida utilis bacterium by weight.Potato slag or beet pulp 100kg with the sterilization postcooling, add or do not add sucrose, molasses auxiliary materials such as (0.1%-5%), insert ready made microbial inoculum respectively, inoculation is than being 0.1%-0.5%, under 20 ℃-35 ℃ condition, behind fermentation vat or thick-layer ventilation solid fermentation, obtain being rich in mould tool ethanol fragrance, good palatability, the nutritious material with the Candida utilis thalline of arteries and veins spore, be fit to do feed and use.
Embodiment 2: get mould 10 parts of coarse arteries and veins spore by weight, rhodotorula is made fermenting agent for 100 parts.With cellulose substances 100kg such as maize straw (do or aquatic foods all can), bagasse is raw material, add or do not add auxiliary materials such as molasses (1%-5%), water, insert the microbial inoculum for preparing in advance respectively, inoculation is than being 0.8%, under 20 ℃-35 ℃ condition, behind fermentation vat or thick-layer ventilation solid fermentation, obtain being rich in mould tool ethanol fragrance, good palatability, the nutritious material with the rhodotorula thalline of arteries and veins spore, be fit to do feed and use.
Embodiment 3: mould 10 parts of intercadence spore, Fife's yeast are made fermenting agent for 0.1 part by weight.With cellulose substances 100kg such as maize straw (do or aquatic foods all can), bagasse is raw material, add or do not add auxiliary materials such as molasses (1-5%), water, insert ready made microbial inoculum respectively, inoculation is than being 0.6%, under 20 ℃-35 ℃ condition, behind fermentation vat or thick-layer ventilation solid fermentation, obtain being rich in mould tool ethanol fragrance, good palatability, the material of astaxanthin-containing with Fife's yeast thalline of arteries and veins spore, be fit to do feed and use.
Embodiment 4: eat mould 10 parts of arteries and veins spore by weight well, Fife's yeast is made fermenting agent for 20 parts.With wet (or doing) Folium Chrysanthemi slag 100kg of extracting stevioside (glucoside) is raw material, add or do not add auxiliary materials such as molasses (1-5%), water, insert ready made microbial inoculum respectively, inoculation is than being 0.1%-0.3%, after fermenting with fermentation vat or thick-layer ventilation solid mode under 20 ℃-35 ℃ the condition, obtain being rich in thalline, nutritious material, the feed that is fit to do good palatability uses.
Embodiment 5: eat mould 10 parts of arteries and veins spore by weight well, Fife's yeast is made fermenting agent for 1 part.With dregs of rapeseed cake 100kg is raw material, add entry and regulate carbon-nitrogen ratio and improve other carbon-nitrogen ratios of airy higher (as straw powder etc.) auxiliary material, insert and make fermenting agent in advance, inoculation is than being 1%, under 20 ℃-35 ℃ condition, after fermenting with fermentation vat or thick-layer ventilation solid mode, obtain being rich in thalline, nutritious etc. material, be fit to do feed and use.
Embodiment 6: eat mould 10 parts of arteries and veins spore by weight well, yeast saccharomyces cerevisiae is made fermenting agent for 110 parts.With cellulose substances 100kg such as maize straw (do or aquatic foods all can), bagasse is raw material, add or do not add auxiliary materials such as molasses (1-5%), water, insert ready made microbial inoculum respectively, inoculation is than being 1%, under 20 ℃-35 ℃ condition, after fermenting tank for fermentation, obtain being rich in the alcoholic acid material, be fit to extract ethanol.
Embodiment 7: mould 10 parts of coarse by weight arteries and veins spore, Candida utilis are made non-mix bacterium agent for 20 parts.In the raw material of the mould adding of coarse arteries and veins spore with cellulose substances 100kg such as maize straw (do or aquatic foods all can), bagasse, add or do not add auxiliary materials such as molasses (1%-5%), water, under 35 ℃-45 ℃ condition, ferment after 24-48 hour, treat that material is cooled to the yeast suitable growth temperature, add Candida utilis, continue to cultivate 24-48 hour.Obtain being rich in mould tool ethanol fragrance, good palatability, the nutritious material with the Candida utilis thalline of arteries and veins spore, be fit to do feed and use.
Embodiment 8: mould 10 parts of coarse by weight arteries and veins spore, 0.1 part of rhizopus stolonifer, yeast saccharomyces cerevisiae are made non-mix bacterium agent for 120 parts.In coarse arteries and veins spore mould adding potato slag or beet pulp raw material, add or do not add auxiliary materials such as molasses (1%-5%), water, under 35 ℃-45 ℃ condition, ferment after 24-48 hour, be cooled to yeast and head mold suitable growth temperature, add yeast saccharomyces cerevisiae and head mold, continue to cultivate 24-48 hour.The material that obtains extracts ethanol.
Embodiment 9: substantially the same manner as Example 1, difference is to eat well by weight mould 10 parts of arteries and veins spore, 20 parts of Rhizopus oryzaes, Candida utilis bacterium and makes fermenting agent for 200 parts.
Embodiment 10: substantially the same manner as Example 1, difference is that mould 10 parts of coarse by weight arteries and veins spore, 10 parts of head molds, Candida utilis bacterium make fermenting agent for 20 parts.
Embodiment 11: substantially the same manner as Example 1, difference is to make fermenting agent for 0.5 part with mould 10 parts of arteries and veins spore, Candida utilis bacterium by weight.
Embodiment 12: substantially the same manner as Example 1, difference is to get by weight mould 10 parts of coarse arteries and veins spore, rhodotorula is made fermenting agent for 5 parts.
Embodiment 13: substantially the same manner as Example 1, mould 10 parts of intercadence spore, Fife's yeast were made fermenting agent for 0.8 part during difference was by weight.
Embodiment 14: substantially the same manner as Example 1, difference is to eat mould 10 parts of arteries and veins spore by weight well, Fife's yeast is made fermenting agent for 2 parts.
Embodiment 15: substantially the same manner as Example 1, difference is to eat mould 10 parts of arteries and veins spore by weight well, yeast saccharomyces cerevisiae is made fermenting agent for 6 parts.
Embodiment 16: substantially the same manner as Example 1, difference is to eat well by weight mould 10 parts of arteries and veins spore, 2 parts of Rhizopus oryzaes, Candida utilis bacterium and makes fermenting agent for 30 parts.
Embodiment 17: substantially the same manner as Example 1, difference is that mould 10 parts of coarse by weight arteries and veins spore, 10 parts of head molds, Candida utilis bacterium make fermenting agent for 20 parts.
Embodiment 18: substantially the same manner as Example 8, difference is that mould 10 parts of coarse by weight arteries and veins spore, 1 part of rhizopus stolonifer, yeast saccharomyces cerevisiae make non-mix bacterium agent for 20 parts.
Embodiment 19: substantially the same manner as Example 8, difference is that mould 10 parts of coarse by weight arteries and veins spore, 5 parts of rhizopus arrhizus, Candida utilis make non-mix bacterium agent for 2 parts.The processing of fermentation gained material is as feed.
Claims (3)
1, a kind of microbial fermentation microbial inoculum that is used to produce feed is characterized in that, makes with yeast by the arteries and veins spore is mould; Wherein said arteries and veins spore is mould to be that mould, the middle intercadence spore of coarse arteries and veins spore is mould, to eat the arteries and veins spore well mould; Said yeast is Candida utilis, rhodotorula, Fife's yeast or yeast saccharomyces cerevisiae.
2, microbial fermentation microbial inoculum according to claim 1 is characterized in that, is made by arteries and veins spore mould 10 parts and yeast 0.01-100 part by weight ratio.
3, microbial fermentation microbial inoculum according to claim 2 is characterized in that, wherein yeast is 0.1-20 part.
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| 以木糖为原料的酒精发酵研究. 宋安东等.郑州轻工业学院学报，第18卷第3期. 2003 |
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