CN100506347C - Filter medium - Google Patents
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- CN100506347C CN100506347C CNB2004800090271A CN200480009027A CN100506347C CN 100506347 C CN100506347 C CN 100506347C CN B2004800090271 A CNB2004800090271 A CN B2004800090271A CN 200480009027 A CN200480009027 A CN 200480009027A CN 100506347 C CN100506347 C CN 100506347C
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A50/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
- Y02A50/20—Air quality improvement or preservation, e.g. vehicle emission control or emission reduction by using catalytic converters
- Y02A50/2351—Atmospheric particulate matter [PM], e.g. carbon smoke microparticles, smog, aerosol particles, dust
Abstract
A filter medium comprising polyphenylene sulfide fibers, characterized by satisfying the following (1) and/or (2). The filter medium has excellent dust collection efficiency and high mechanical strength. Also provided is a bag filter comprising the filter medium. (1) The filter medium comprises at least two webs, in which the web disposed on the air-introduction side comprises at least 50 wt.% heat-resistant fibers having a fiber diameter of 15 m or smaller and the web disposed on the air-discharge side comprises at least 50 wt.% heat-resistant fibers having a fiber diameter of 20 m or larger. (2) The filter medium comprises a web comprising short polyphenylene sulfide fibers having a fineness of 1 to 3 dtex and short fluoropolymer fibers having a fineness of 2 to 4 dtex.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to have and captures and remove airborne pollutant, and dust for example makes the filtering material of the function of air cleaning.Filtering material of the present invention is particularly suitable as and is used to filter the bag hose made from filter cloth and this filter cloth from the control of dust of the high-temperature exhaust air of discharges such as incinerator, coal-burning boiler or Metal Melting furnace and uses.
Background technology
The filtering material that purifies air has self-filtering filtering material and surface filtration filtering material, and precipitron uses the surface filtration filtering material.So-called surface filtration is to capture dust on the filtering material surface, form dust layer on the filtering material surface, capture dust gradually by this dust layer, when dust layer reaches to a certain degree thickness, just press from filtering material surface removal dust layer, form the filtration that the operation of dust layer is carried out repeatedly on the filtering material surface again by air.
Fiber as the filtering material that is configured for filtering the high-temperature exhaust air of discharging from incinerator, coal furnace or Metal Melting furnace etc. uses by hear resistance and good polyphenylene sulfide (being designated hereinafter simply as PPS) fiber, meta-aramid fiber (the メ ア ラ ミ De of chemical proofing
), the filtering material that constitutes of supatex fabric such as fluorine series fiber, polyimide fiber.Especially the PPS fiber has good hydrolytic resistance, acid resistance and alkali resistance, and therefore extensive control of dust as coal furnace uses with bag hose.
, under the situation that is in the trend that environmental limitations becomes strict, particularly be in the PM2.5 regulation of formulating in the trend, the possibility that is applicable to Japan is also arranged in the U.S..Be subjected to the influence of such trend, the higher dust catching efficient of urgent expectation, the filter of the excellent size stability under the high temperature more.Electric precipitation machine of Shi Yonging or cyclone type dust collection manner can not be followed such trend in the past, and urgent expectation improves the function of supatex fabric filter made device.
Further, in the use of these filtering materials in incinerator etc., the chemical deterioration that the chemicals that comprises in high-temperature exhaust air or this exhaust etc. causes, and in addition the pulse (パ Le ス ジ エ Star ト) the when pressure loss during exhaust gas filter or back washing is that cause carries out simultaneously with physical property deteriorations such as friction baffle plate or flexural fatigues.Therefore, the filtering material that uses in bag hose except above-mentioned hear resistance, chemical proofing, hydrolytic resistance, also requires mechanical strengths such as wearability.
Te Kaiping 10-165729 communique has proposed to be less than or equal in superficial layer configuration ultimate fibre fiber number the filter cloth of the PPS fiber of 1.8d (2.0 dtexs (dtex)).The dust peeling property energy and the dust dust collecting performance of this method are good really, but rigidity under the high temperature and wearability are not enough, therefore in use, the physical property deterioration of filter cloth can take place, and have problems such as breakage takes place.
In addition, the spy opens flat 9-075637 communique and has proposed the bag hose filter cloth, and this bag hose is the fibrous felt of fluorine that is made of short fiber, and the fiber that the inherent upper layer part of this short fiber is different with the lower layer part fibre diameter constitutes.The layer of this invention by constituting by fine fibre in the upstream side configuration, at downstream configuration crude fibre, provide the increase of the pressure loss to become slowly thus, realize the such filter cloth of long lifetime, but the rigidity of fluorine fiber is lower, therefore the worry of special rigidity step-down is at high temperature arranged.In addition, the wearability of fluorine fiber is also insufficient, therefore in use, because can there be problems such as breakage takes place in the deterioration of physical property.
In addition, special fair 7-16570 communique has proposed superfine fibre layer and felt substrate layer are carried out that needle point method is handled and integrated, the distribution of the fiber of superfineization of possibility is weakened to the inside gradually from the surface, then utilize High-Pressure Water to bore a hole to cut apart may superfineization fiber, make it the filter of superfineization.This method can improve dust catching efficient really by the superfine fibre on felt top layer, but manufacturing procedure increases, therefore the problem that exists processing cost to uprise.
In addition, the spy opens the 2000-334228 communique and has proposed in order to improve the mechanical strength of filter, for example stack gradually that the fiber roll, the PPS that are made of polytetrafluoroethylene fibre and PPS fiber are fibrous to weave cotton cloth and the fabric of glass fibre system, and make the hear resistance filter cloth of its integrated formation.This method is want to improve mechanical strength by the fibrous fabric of laminated glass, but glass fibre is low to the patience of alkaline medicine, and the strength deterioration when therefore having the problem that the hear resistance filter cloth that effectively utilizes the chemical proofing that the PPS fiber has can not be provided or having humid heat treatment (autoclave processings) is such problem very greatly.
The spy open the 2000-140530 communique for example proposed with PPS fiber and polyimides, polyamidoimide, polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), glass fibre in any one or more the high filterability bag hose filter cloth of fiber mixed cotton.But should invention use 180 ℃ of drying shrinkages more than or equal to 3% PPS fiber, therefore do not improve the dimensional stability of the supatex fabric filter made device that uses the PPS fiber.In addition, when PPS fiber and other fiber mix, the such problem of easy generation incomplete mixing is arranged.
The spy opens 2002-204909 communique proposed to interweave on the surface with the stable on heating base material filter cloth of fluorine fiber.Prevent dust peeling property can and the pressure loss of particle during to the soaking into, suppress dust collect plant and work of filter cloth inside aspect, this method good really.But the air permeability of A-stage is low, and the pressure loss at initial stage uprises, thereby causes the short lifeization of filter cloth, and exists the pump-down process ability to reduce such problem significantly.And then after making felt, also exist the fleece that will constitute to carry out the problem that several stacked, that interleaving treatment is such manufacturing procedures necessitate by the staple fibre of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) with stable on heating base material.And the fiber web layer that is made of the staple fibre of stacked polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), there is the problem of peeling off in the bump owing to using as bag hose.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is in view of such technical background, provides dust catching efficient is good, dust is removed the pressure loss that falls behind down rising less and the high filtering material of mechanical strength.
In addition, the present invention provides that dust catching efficient is good, the filtering material that thermal dimensional stability is good and quality is even, fine and close under the high temperature.
In order to solve such problem, the present invention adopts following method.Promptly, filtering material of the present invention is the filtering material that contains polyphenylene sulfide fibre, contain at least 2 layers of fleece, the fleece that air flows into face one side contains the heat resistant fibre that the above fibre diameter of 50wt% is less than or equal to 15 μ m, and the fleece of air discharge face one side contains the heat resistant fibre of the above fibre diameter of 50wt% more than or equal to 20 μ m.
The present invention includes above-mentioned filtering material is sewn into bag hose cylindraceous (バ グ Off イ Le -).
According to the present invention, the filtering material that contains polyphenylene sulfide fibre contains at least 2 layers of fleece, the fleece that air flows into face one side contains the heat resistant fibre that 50wt% or the above fibre diameter of 50wt% are less than or equal to 15 μ m, and the air fleece of discharging face one side contains the heat resistant fibre of the above fibre diameter of 50wt% or 50wt% more than or equal to 20 μ m, thus can rising good as dust catching efficient, that dust is removed the pressure loss that falls behind down few, and the good filtering material of mechanical strength.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is one of the decomposing section of the filtering material that a present invention relates to example.
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of the atmospheric dust arresting efficiency determinator of the filtering material that the present invention relates to.
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram that the dust of the filtering material that the present invention relates to is removed the pressure loss determinator that falls behind down.
Fig. 4 is the atmospheric dust arresting efficiency measurement result of filtering material under wind speed 1m/min that the present invention relates to.
Fig. 5 is the filtering material backward pressure loss measurement result under the dust under the wind speed 2m/min is removed that the present invention relates to.
Symbol description
1: form the fleece that air flows into the filter course of face one side
2: the fabric (aggregate) that constitutes by heat resistant fibre
3: form the fleece that air is discharged the filter course of face one side
4: corpuscular counter (upstream)
5: filtering material
6: corpuscular counter (downstream)
7: Pressure gauge
8: pressure fan
9: pulsating load machine (パ Le ス ジ エ Star ト Negative lotus
)
10: flowmeter
11: the dust catching filter
12: vavuum pump
13: digital pressure gauge
14: dust is supplied with machine
15: the dust dispersion machine
16: remove whereabouts dust catching portion
17: the atmospheric dust air inlet
18: the air of having removed atmospheric dust
19: the metering dust
20: the air that contains dust
21: the air of removing dust
The specific embodiment
The inventor scrutinizes filtering material, and the result has found out that the filtering material that contains polyphenylene sulfide fibre and satisfy following (1) and/or (2) has excellent characteristic:
(1) contains at least 2 layers of fleece, the fleece that air flows into face one side contains the heat resistant fibre that 50wt% or the above fibre diameter of 50wt% are less than or equal to 15 μ m, and the air fleece of discharging face one side contains the heat resistant fibre of the above fibre diameter of 50wt% or 50wt% more than or equal to 20 μ m;
(2) contain following fleece, this fleece comprises fiber number at the polyphony thioether short fiber of 1～3 dtex scope and the fiber number short fiber at the fluorine series fiber of 2～4 dtex scopes.
Promptly, first invention is the filtering material that contains polyphenylene sulfide fibre, it is to contain at least 2 layers of fleece, the fleece that air flows into face one side contains the heat resistant fibre that 50wt% or the above fibre diameter of 50wt% are less than or equal to 15 μ m, and the air fleece of discharging face one side contains the filtering material of the above fibre diameter of 50wt% or 50wt% more than or equal to the heat resistant fibre of 20 μ m.
In addition, second invention is the filtering material that contains polyphenylene sulfide fibre, and it is to contain fibroreticulate filtering material, and this fleece comprises fiber number at the polyphony thioether short fiber of 1～3 dtex scope and the fiber number short fiber at the fluorine series fiber of 2～4 dtex scopes.
Further, more preferably satisfy (1) and (2) both.Below, at first describe from first invention.
Polyphenylene sulfide (the being designated hereinafter simply as PPS) fiber that uses among so-called the present invention is containing more than 90% or 90%-(C of its component unit
6H
4-S)-fiber that the polymer of the phenylene sulfide construction unit of expression constitutes.By using the PPS fiber, can access the good filtering material of hear resistance, chemical proofing and hydrolytic resistance.
The filtering material that the present invention contains the PPS fiber contains at least 2 layers of fleece, the fleece that air flows into face one side contains the heat resistant fibre that 50wt% or the above fibre diameter of 50wt% are less than or equal to 15 μ m, and the air fleece of discharging face one side to contain the above fibre diameter of 50wt% or 50wt% be important more than or equal to the heat resistant fibre of 20 μ m.Flow in the fleece of face one side at air, when fibre diameter surpasses 50wt% greater than the content of the heat resistant fibre of 15 μ m, infringement compactness, therefore strainability is arranged is the tendency that dust catching efficient reduces, thereby not preferred.And, discharge in the fleece of face one side at air, fibre diameter less than the content of the heat resistant fibre of 20 μ m for a long time than 50wt%, in the filtering material that only constitutes by fleece, the tendency that has the mechanical strength of filtering material to reduce, thereby not preferred.
In the present invention, so-called air inflow face is illustrated in surface filtration with in the filtering material, comprises the initial face that contacts with filtering material of air of dust.That is, be illustrated in that filtering material surface captures dust and the face that forms dust layer.In addition, with the face of its opposition side, the face of promptly having removed the air discharge of dust is defined as air and discharges face.
Filtering material of the present invention, the fleece that air is discharged face one side constitutes by containing 50wt% or the fibre diameter more than the 50wt% fleece more than or equal to the heat resistant fibre of 20 μ m, therefore obtains the good filtering materials of mechanical strength such as dimensional stability and tensile strength.The supatex fabric that fleece is interweaved and obtain, the gap is disperseed equably, compares with fabric, and filtering feature is good, therefore preferably uses as filtering material.But the supatex fabric tensile strength or the dimensional stability that are made of the fleece that has only fine fibre are low, and mechanical strength is insufficient, are not preferred.
Formation as the heat resistant fibre that constitutes filtering material, from the balance of dust catching efficient and the pressure loss and mechanical strength, the fleece of air inflow face one side preferably contains 50wt% or the above fibre diameter of 50wt% is the heat resistant fibre of 9～15 μ m.In addition, the fleece of air discharge face one side preferably contains 50wt% or the above fibre diameter of 50wt% is the heat resistant fibre of 20～40 μ m.As forming the fibroreticulate heat resistant fibre that air flows into face one side, during fiber beyond the heat resistant fibre of composite fibre diameter 9～15 μ m, preferably contain the heat resistant fibre that fibre diameter surpasses 15 μ m and is less than or equal to 40 μ m with the scope that is less than or equal to 50wt%.Discharge the fibroreticulate heat resistant fibre of face one side as forming air, during fiber beyond the heat resistant fibre of composite fibre diameter 20～40 μ m, preferably contain fibre diameter more than or equal to 9 μ m and less than the heat resistant fibre of 20 μ m with the scope that is less than or equal to 50wt%.
In addition, as forming the fibroreticulate heat resistant fibre that above-mentioned air flows into face one side, from obtaining higher dust catching efficient, preferably contain the heat resistant fibre that the above fibre diameter of 20wt% or 20wt% is less than or equal to 10 μ m, more preferably contain the above fibre diameter of 20wt% or 20wt% more than or equal to 9 μ m and be less than or equal to the heat resistant fibre of 10 μ m.
In the present invention, form fibroreticulate heat resistant fibre and contain the PPS fiber at least, but also can make PPS heat resistant fibre mixed cotton in addition.The dust catching efficient and the pressure loss as strainability are in the inversely proportional relation.In general,, can be coated with organic siliconresin or fluororesin etc. at the superficial layer of filter course and form film, the fiber number of the fiber that constitutes filter course is reduced as the measure that improves dust catching efficient.But, so, the tendency that exists the pressure loss to uprise, during therefore as bag hose, lifetime.If make the mutual mixed cotton of the different fiber of charging property, electro ultrafiltration (ト リ ボ エ レ Network ト レ Star ト takes place between fiber
Really), dust catching efficient is improved becomes possibility, therefore balance is taken into account dust catching efficient well and the pressure loss is effective., flow in the fleece of face one side at air especially, preferably with the heat resistant fibre mixed cotton beyond the PPS fiber for this reason.Certainly, discharge in the fleece of face one side, also preferably with the heat resistant fibre mixed cotton beyond the PPS fiber at air.
Heat resistant fibre as beyond the PPS fiber is preferably selected from fluorine series fiber, para-aramid fiber (パ ラ ア ラ ミ De
), the fiber in meta-aramid fiber, polyimide fiber, carbon fiber and the glass fibre.Especially preferably have the hear resistance higher, the also good fluorine series fiber of chemical proofing than PPS fiber.In addition, contain the fluorine series fiber if air flows into the fleece of face one side, the surperficial low frictional properties of fluorine series fiber is had an effect, and removes whereabouts property attached to the dust of fiber surface and becomes well, can suppress the rising of the pressure loss.In addition, also suppress intrusion and the accumulation of dust, therefore equally also can suppress the rising of the pressure loss to fleece inside.As the fluorine series fiber, so long as the constitutional repeating unit of polymer is the fiber that is made of the monomer that contains 1 or 1 above fluorine atom on main chain or the side chain more than 90% or 90%, can use any fluorine series fiber, but the fiber that constitutes with the many more monomers of number of fluorine atoms is good more.For example can use tetrafluoraoethylene-hexafluoropropylene copolymer (FEP), tetrafluoroethylene-perfluoroalkyl vinyl ether copolymer (PFA), ethylene-tetrafluoroethylene copolymer (ETFE) or polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) etc.As the fluorine series fiber, more preferably use hear resistance, chemical proofing or the good especially polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) of surperficial low frictional properties.
Fleece among the present invention preferably contains 10wt% or the above PPS fiber of 10wt%.Less than 10wt% the time, the ratio of the heat resistant fibre beyond the PPS fiber uprises, and therefore depends on selected fiber, the danger that has PPS fiber self characteristics to suffer damage.In addition, under the situation with the fiber mixed cotton beyond the PPS fiber, the content of the PPS fiber in the fleece preferably is less than or equal to 90wt%.If surpass 90wt%, the ratio of the heat resistant fibre beyond the PPS fiber just becomes seldom, and the dust catching efficient that is produced by other raw material mixed cotton improves effect with regard to step-down.
That is, under situation, preferably contain the PPS fiber of 10～90wt% and the fluorine series fiber of 10～90wt% with PPS fiber and the use of fluorine series fiber mixed cotton.In addition, PPS fiber and fluorine series fiber shared toatl proportion in whole fleece is preferably greater than or equals 70wt%.PPS fiber and fluorine series fiber be when shared toatl proportion is less than 70wt% in whole supatex fabric, the strength retention when in 160 ℃ autoclave, handling 200 hours, and therefore promptly heat-resisting steaming step-down is not preferred.
The used PPS fiber of the present invention can followingly be made: the poly (phenylene sulfide) ether polymer is heated above or equals the temperature of its fusing point, carry out melt spinning form fibrous after, make it by stretching in the heating steam or in the heating bath, give curling.Under the situation of PPS short fiber, can further be cut into required length.In stretching process, the operation trafficability characteristic that stretches at tension-free state is more stable than stretching at tension, and broken end etc. take place few, thereby preferred.Therefore, stretch at tension-free state usually, but in the case, the Young's modulus step-down of PPS fiber.The present invention can make the PPS fiber of Young's modulus more than or equal to the 20cN/ dtex by implement tension heat treatment in stretching process.If use the PPS fiber of Young's modulus more than or equal to the 20cN/ dtex, the dimensional stability of filtering material just improves, and therefore can be particularly suitable for using.When especially using as bag hose, bump during to the back washing that produces by pulse or the stress that produces by the deadweight of the dust that is deposited in the filtering material surface, dimensional stability improves, thereby is preferred.In addition, by using the PPS fiber of Young's modulus,, also can guarantee the mechanical strength of filtering material even the fluorine series fiber mixed cotton that mechanical strength is lower than PPS fiber uses more than or equal to the 20cN/ dtex.
The polytetrafluoroethylene fibre that uses among the present invention can obtain by following as following manufacture method: matrix polymer and polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) are mixed, form emulsion, make this emulsion from moulding with carrying out Fibrotic emulsion spinning (also being called wet type emulsion spinning or matrix spinning method) spinning head (moulding is golden with the mouth) coagulating bath that spues.In addition, even utilize will the paste extrusion molding that mixed solvent naphtha plasticizing adjuvants such as (ソ Le ベ Application Na Off サ) obtains in tetrafluoro ethylene polymer the paste extrusion molding, after perhaps the hot briquetting body of tetrafluoroethene being processed into the film shape and carrying out amalgamation processing (ス プ リ Star ト processing) or directly peel off into fiber condition, by sintering and stretching and the Fibrotic method (ス カ イ Block method) of thinly slicing also can obtain no problemly.
Among the present invention, in fleece, also can contain glass fibre.The chemical proofing of glass fibre (alkali resistance) is poorer than the PPS fiber, but the hear resistance height, and cost is low.So-called glass fibre is drawn glass and the staple fibre that attenuates, because carry out spinning from a large amount of pores at a high speed melten glass is pulled out, thus obtain the fiber of superfine fiber number, thereby be extremely effective to improving dust catching efficient.As the fibre diameter of glass fibre, from as the dust catching efficient of strainability and the balance of the pressure loss, 2～7 μ m preferably.
The manufacture method of filtering material of the present invention can suitably be used following method, for example flow into the fleece of face one side as air, making contains the fleece that the above fibre diameter of 50wt% or 50wt% is less than or equal to the heat resistant fibre of 15 μ m, and discharge the fleece of face one side as air, making contains the fleece of the above fibre diameter of 50wt% or 50wt% more than or equal to the heat resistant fibre of 20 μ m, then incorporate method is carried out in both complexings.As making fibroreticulate method, for example can suitably use the short fiber of heat resistant fibre to form fibroreticulate method by carding machine.In addition, carry out incorporate method, preferred pin acupuncture manipulation or water spray perforation method (ウ オ--ジ エ Star ト パ Application チ) as the complexing fleece.
In the general known needle point method operation of this explanation.At first for along certain direction with the raw cotton doubling, in the rotation drum barrel that drops into the band numerous needles, cylinder, make fiber doubling (combing operation) (fleece that obtains), use to be called and intersect the separating device of lapper, be folded on the transport lattice in certain proportion.Raw cotton input amount when the weight per unit area of the filtering material of finally making (order is paid) be we can say substantially thus and linear velocity decision.If the raw cotton input amount is many, linear velocity is slow, weight per unit area is just high, if the raw cotton input amount is few, linear velocity is fast, then weight per unit area has the tendency of step-down.Resulting fleece, use is extruded roller and is applied light compression, after formation is called the state of lap, utilizes needle point method to make the mutual complexing of fiber at thickness direction, makes the fleece that air flows into face one side and air discharge face one side.
As the pin density of above-mentioned needle point method, from the intensity of filtering material or apparent density, also have the aspect of Air permenbility to consider preferred 300/cm
2Or more than.If pin density is very few, fiber complexing each other just a little less than, the intensity step-down of filtering material, apparent density also has the tendency of step-down in addition, therefore the hole of filtering material becomes rare state, and the possibility of the capture degradation of dust is arranged, and is worthless therefore.On the contrary, under the too much situation of pin density, fiber is damaged by pin, so the intensity step-down of filtering material, is worthless.Because grow is inclined in the contraction of filtering material, so apparent density improves, the dust catching performance becomes well in addition, but the Air permenbility step-down, therefore the state pressure loss from the use initial stage uprises, and causes short life, thereby is worthless.
From as can be known above-mentioned, as the apparent density of filtering material, adjust the acupuncture condition aptly, preferably at 0.1～1.5g/cm
3Scope, more preferably at 0.1～0.6g/cm
3Scope.Less than 0.1g/cm
3Filtering material, therefore the dust quantitative change that can not collect is many, is worthless.In addition, apparent density is greater than 0.6g/cm
3Filtering material, Air permenbility is very little, therefore the rising of the pressure loss becomes excessive when using as filter, thereby is worthless.About Air permenbility, also adjust the acupuncture condition aptly in addition, preferably reach 10～80cc/cm
2The scope of/second.
The stacked air of one side of the fabric (hereinafter referred to as " aggregate " or " crash ") that filtering material of the present invention more preferably constitutes at heat resistant fibre flows into the fleece of face one side, the fleece of discharging face one side at the stacked air of another side forms 3-tier architecture at least.Filtering material of the present invention is owing to containing 50wt% or the fibre diameter more than the 50wt% heat resistant fibre more than or equal to 20 μ m in the fleece of discharging face one side at air, even the what is called that does not therefore contain such aggregate does not have the formation of crash, also has sufficient mechanical, but by forming 3-tier architecture, it is better to obtain mechanical strengths such as dimensional stability, tensile strength, wearability, and the good filtering material of dust catching efficient.In addition, when filtering material uses as bag hose, can alleviate the friction that contacts the filtering material that causes with baffle plate.Here, so-called baffle plate is to cover the skeleton cylindraceous that bag hose uses, and generally constitutes with metal.Because the pulse when filter pressure or back washing, bag hose contacts with baffle plate and rubs.By forming 3-tier architecture, the fleece of air discharge face one side shows the effect of the wearing and tearing that reduce filtering material.Particularly in the present invention, owing in the fleece of air discharge face one side, contain 50wt% or the fibre diameter more than the 50wt% heat resistant fibre more than or equal to 20 μ m, therefore can alleviate the wearing and tearing that contact the filtering material that causes with baffle plate greatly, thereby be preferred.
Aggregate works to keep mechanical strength, and therefore being fit to use tensile strength is the aggregate of 350～900N/5cm scope.
In the present invention, constitute the fiber of aggregate,, can use para-aramid fiber, meta-aramid fiber, PPS fiber, polyimide fiber, fluorine series fiber, carbon fiber, glass fibre etc. so long as it is just passable to have a stable on heating fiber.Especially from the viewpoint of chemical proofing, hydrolytic resistance, preferred use is selected from the fiber of PPS fiber and fluorine series fiber.As the fluorine series fiber, can use and identical fluorine series fiber about putting down in writing in the above-mentioned fibroreticulate explanation.Consider from the high aspect of mechanical strength, most preferably the PPS fiber.In addition, the mechanical strength of fluorine series fiber is poorer than the PPS fiber, but hear resistance and chemical proofing are good, when therefore using in special rigorous environment, preferably uses the fluorine series fiber.
Fiber as constituting aggregate preferably uses staple yarn or multifilament.Especially staple yarn and fibroreticulate complexing are good, and it is many that the surface area of fiber becomes, and are suitable on the dust catching efficient of filtering material improves this aspect therefore.
As the fiber number of the fiber that constitutes aggregate, if having the intensity of appropriateness, just have no particular limits, if but fiber number is excessive, because the weaving condition difference, and the tendency that just has the pore volume of aggregate easily to stop up, the pressure loss uprises, and is worthless therefore.On the contrary, if fiber number is meticulous, Density is with regard to step-down, and Air permenbility uprises, so the pressure loss has the tendency of step-down, but the intensity of aggregate self reduces, and the mechanical strength of filtering material reduces, thereby is worthless.The total fiber number of fiber that constitutes aggregate is preferably in the scope of 100～1000 dtexs, more preferably in the scope of 300～600 dtexs.If total fiber number less than 100 dtexs, just can not obtain fully by the dimensional stability of the stacked generation of aggregate and the raising effect of tensile strength.In addition, if total fiber number surpasses 1000 dtexs, though dimensional stability and tensile strength are good, but the Air permenbility of filtering material has the tendency of reduction, therefore the dust catching efficient as strainability improves, but the pressure loss at initial stage uprises, thereby the lifetime when using as the textile bags filter, is worthless therefore.
The preferred especially staple yarn that constitutes more than or equal to the short fiber of the PPS of 20cN/ dtex by Young's modulus that uses.Young's modulus has good stability more than or equal to the PPS fiber size of 20cN/ dtex, is preferred therefore.
In order not influence the pressure loss as strainability, aggregate is preferably formed the thick weave in hole.As general structure, plain weave, double-layered structure, three-layer weave, twill-weave, satin weave etc. are arranged.Particularly low-cost, widely used plain cloth can obtain satisfied performance, therefore preferred the use.The preferred warp count of Density is 15～40/2.54cm preferably, is more preferably 20～30/2.54cm, and weft count is 10～30/2.54cm preferably, is more preferably 15～25/2.54cm.
Stack gradually after fleece, aggregate and air that air flows into face one side discharge the fleece of face one side, undertaken integrated by complexing.Described complexing method is preferably selected from least a method in needle point method and the water spray perforation method.Consider from complexation strength, preferably adopt needle point method, but preferably select the water spray perforation method sometimes according to the desired pressure loss or dust catching performance.Therefore in addition, making up these complexing methods provides balance good filtering material sometimes, preferably selects aptly and adopts.
Filtering material of the present invention, a part of fusion that flows into the web surface of face one side by the air that dust is piled up is adhered (melting), can further improve dust peeling property energy or dust catching efficient.As the method for a part of fusion adhesion that makes web surface, can adopt singes handles or light processing methods such as (ミ ラ-processing).Particularly requiring under the high situation of dust catching efficient, preferably using the two sides all to implement the fleece of handling, specifically, flowing into the processing of singing that face one side is utilized burning flame or infrared ray heating etc., or pressurize with hot-rolling at the air of filtering material.By such processing, pass air at least a portion or the generation fusion adhesion of the web surface of face one side, or the mesh obstruction takes place, carry out calendering processing with two kinds of methods then, just can improve dust catching efficient.
Then, the 2nd invention is described.Filtering material of the present invention importantly, contains fleece, and this fleece comprises fiber number at the PPS short fiber of 1～3 dtex scope and the fiber number short fiber at the fluorine series fiber of 2～4 dtex scopes.Thus, the fibre diameter of these 2 kinds of fibers becomes the combination near about 9～15 μ m, when therefore mixing both and using, is difficult for incomplete mixing takes place, thereby is preferred.Further, be the filtering material that the fiber about 15 μ m constitutes by fibre diameter, be aspect the intensity and density of filtering material, particularly therefore the filtering material that constitutes well of balance can be suitable for filter.In the intensity of this explanation filtering material and the balance of density.Only with the filtering material of the fibre diameter fiber formation thinner than 9 μ m, the emptying aperture size decreases therefore be less than or equal to the dust catching efficient raising of the particle diameter of 0.5 μ m, but therefore the mechanical strength of filtering material, particularly fracture strength step-down is worthless.When only using the fiber thinner to constitute,, the method that increases weight per unit area is arranged, but weight per unit area is reached for example more than or equal to 900g/m in order to ensure mechanical strength than 9 μ m
2The time, it is very high that the apparent density of supatex fabric becomes, the Air permenbility step-down, and the pressure loss rises, thereby is worthless.On the contrary, the filtering material of only using the fiber thicker to constitute than 17 μ m, fracture strength improves, but the emptying aperture size becomes big, is less than or equal to the dust catching efficient step-down of 0.5 μ m, thereby is worthless.Therefore, the filtering material that is made of the fiber about fibre diameter 9～15 μ m is the good filtering material of balance of the intensity and the density of supatex fabric, and is therefore preferred.
Here the conversion of the fiber number of fiber and fibre diameter, in circular cross-section fiber, use proportion to calculate, under the situation of irregular section fiber, in the polygonal cross-section of fiber, will be from centroid of section to polygon the mean value of the distance on each summit (interior angle comprises acute angle and obtuse angle) be defined as fibre diameter.Under the situation of oval fibres, the mean value of growing limit and minor face is defined as fibre diameter.The proportion of PPS fiber uses 1.34, and the proportion of fluorine series fiber uses 2.30.
Therefore fiber number is 9.7～16.9 μ m at the diameter of the PPS fiber of 1～3 dtex scope, and fiber number is 10.5～14.9 μ m at the diameter of the short fiber of the fluorine series fiber of 2～4 dtex scopes.
Filtering material of the present invention is preferably selected the short fiber of PPS and the short fiber mixed cotton of fluorine series fiber, forms supatex fabric.The short fiber fiber of the short fiber of PPS and fluorine series fiber is long preferably in the scope of 0.2～140mm.Than the long fiber of 140mm, the mutual mixing of fiber becomes insufficient, and it is inhomogeneous that quality becomes, and is worthless therefore.Under situations such as usefulness opener composite fibre, fiber length is more suitably in the scope of 35～80mm especially.Be dispersed in when mixing in the water, fiber length is more suitably in the scope of 0.2～10mm.Fiber length is less than the fiber of 0.2mm, and the irregular change of the shearing length in the fibre cutting operation is many, and the winding of cutting off the blade in the operation is become very many, and the operation trafficability characteristic worsens, and is worthless therefore.
In the present invention, filtering material preferably selects to contain the fabric that is made of heat resistant fibre, i.e. aggregate.Can be in the stacked fibroreticulate 2 layers of structure of the one side of aggregate, but the special preferably stacked fibroreticulate at least 3 layers structure on the two sides of aggregate.
Manufacture method as filtering material of the present invention, for example, form fleece by carding machine with the short fiber mixed cotton of the fluorine series fiber of the PPS short fiber of fiber number 1～3 dtex and fiber number 2～4 dtexs, stacked with aggregate then, handle by needle point method and to carry out complexing and integrated, form filtering material.So-called mixed cotton can be enumerated the mixing of adopting general opener to carry out, even but the mixing of other utilization air-supply etc. also can be carried out mixed cotton no problemly.
In the present invention, as PPS fiber, fluorine series fiber, aggregate etc., can be fit to use above-mentioned PPS fiber, fluorine series fiber, aggregate etc.In addition, about with fleece interweaving method etc., also can suitably use above-mentioned method.
Filtering material of the present invention also can be fit to use the filtering material of lamination polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) micro-porous film.By the perforated membrane lamination, promptly stacked and bond, further improve the dust catching efficiency of fine dust, be preferred therefore.On the filtering material that constitutes by polytetrafluoroethylene fibre, during lamination polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) micro-porous film, have in nature, have caking property and worsen such shortcoming a little at this polymer.Therefore there is the PPS fiber in filtering material of the present invention, compares with the filtering material that only is made of polytetrafluoroethylene fibre, and caking property improves, and also is to keep the lamination filtering material of such effect easily that becomes simultaneously.
After the filtering material that so makes is made pouch, be suitable as and require stable on heating exhaust to carry out the bag hose of control of dust incinerator or coal-burning boiler or Metal Melting furnace etc.As the suture that uses in making at this, preferably use and the fiber that constitutes fabric similarly with having the line that chemical proofing, stable on heating fibrous material constitute, be fit to use PPS fiber or fluorine series fiber etc.
Below, illustrate in greater detail the present invention by embodiment, but the present invention is not subjected to the restriction of these embodiment.
The assay method of each rerum natura of filtering material is as follows.
[weight per unit area]
Filtering material is cut into the square of 400mm, calculates the weight per unit area of filtering material from weight.
[thickness]
Used thickness amesdial ((the extruding force 250g/cm of シ Star Network ネ ス ダ イ ヤ Le ゲ-ジ)
2=0.000245Pa) measure the thickness of filtering material.Select measure at random at 6, obtain mean value.
[stiffness]
Measure the stiffness of filtering material based on the grignard type fabric stiffness method (ガ-レ method) of JIS L 1096 regulations.Filtering material is cut into the size of long 63.5mm, wide 25.4mm, and each is measured once in the table.The n that measures sample equals 4.
[fracture strength]
Measure the fracture strength of filtering material based on the fracture strength method of JIS L 1096 regulations.Measuring the position is to select measure at random at 5.
[Air permenbility]
Measure the Air permenbility of filtering material based on the Fu Leize type fabric breathability method of testing (Off ラ ジ-Le shape method) of JIS L 1096 regulations.Measuring the position is to select measure at random at 6.
[atmospheric dust arresting efficiency]
Use the device of Fig. 2, measure the dust catching efficient of filtering material according to the atmospheric dust counting method.That is, in Fig. 2, use be arranged on filtering material 5 (
The pressure fan 8 in downstream 170mm), the air-flow that makes filtration velocity 1m/min is after filtering material 5 was ventilated 5 minutes, the atmospheric dust of the upstream side of use リ オ Application corporate system particle collector (upstream) 4 mensuration filtering materials 5 (particle diameter: number A 0.3～5 μ m), use the said firm's system particle collector (downstream) 6 to measure the atmospheric dust (particle diameter: number B 0.3～5 μ m) in the downstream of filtering materials 5 simultaneously.Measure sample n and equal 3.From the measurement result that obtains.Obtain arresting efficiency (%) according to following formula.
(1-(B/A))×100
In the formula, A: upstream side atmospheric dust number
B: downstream atmospheric dust number
The judgment standard of atmospheric dust arresting efficiency is the dust catching efficient that is less than or equal to 1 μ m with particle diameter more than or equal to 50% as zero (well), with more than or equal to 45% and less than 50% as △ (good a little), with less than 45% as * (bad).
[pressure loss]
Working pressure table 7 is read the atmospheric dust arresting efficiency pressure loss when measuring, that produced by filtering material 5.
[dust is removed the pressure loss that falls behind down]
Use the device of Fig. 3 to measure the pressure loss that the dust removing falls behind down.That is, in Fig. 3, utilize be arranged on filtering material 5 (
170mm) vavuum pump 12 in downstream and flowmeter 10 provide the air-flow of filtration velocity 2.0m/min to filtering material 5.With dust supply machine 14 and dust dispersion machine 15 JIS10 kind dust is adjusted to dust concentration 20g/m
3Dust be attached to filtering material 5 (filter area 100cm
2) air flow on face one side.The pressure loss of measuring with digital pressure gauge 13 whenever rises to 100mm H
2O (980Pa) uses the pulsating load machine 9 that is in filtering material 5 downstreams, at pulse 3kgf/cm
2(294kPa), pulse is made a call to 155 times under 0.1 second the condition, just applied the postimpulse pressure loss with digital pressure gauge 13 continuous monitorings.
The judgment standard that dust is removed the pressure loss that falls behind down is that the pressure loss during with 30 hours elapsed time is less than 7mm H
2O (69Pa) is as zero (well), with more than or equal to 7mm H
2O (69Pa), less than 8mm H
2O (78Pa) is as △ (good a little), to be higher than 8mm H
2O (78Pa) conduct * (bad).
[comprehensive judgement]
In the judgment standard of the pressure loss that under atmospheric dust arresting efficiency and dust removing, falls behind, in 2 * judgement of (bad) all is 1 o'clock, to comprehensively judge and regard as * (bad), when being zero (well) and △ (good a little) in 2, will comprehensively judging and regard zero (well) as.
[filtering material intensity]
Measure the tensile strength of filtering material based on the cloth intensity method (ス ト リ Star プ method) of JIS L 1096 regulations.Specimen size is 200mm * 50mm, measures with draw speed 100mm/min, chuck interval 100mm.Measured value is the value of 1 intensity in the warp-wise (be the direction vertical with the orientation of fiber, under the situation of the sample that comprises crash and the same direction of the warp-wise of crash) of sample.
[hear resistance (heat-resisting steaming)]
Implement the processing of sample under the following conditions, obtain the conservation rate of an intensity in the warp-wise (be the direction vertical, under the situation of the sample that comprises crash and the same direction of the warp-wise of crash) of sample with the orientation of fiber.
The conservation rate of an intensity (%)=A/B * 100
A a: intensity implementing the sample after autoclave is handled
B a: intensity not implementing autoclave treated sample
The treatment conditions of autoclave are to use autoclave device (day eastern autoclave corporate system), at 160 ℃ of design temperatures, demonstration pressure 6.5kgf/cm
2Carried out 200 hours (637kPa).
[dimensional stability]
Sample is cut into the size of 300mm (warp) * 50mm (latitude),,, under 240 ℃ atmosphere, kept 1 hour to hang the state of 9.8N load in vertical for warp-wise and the vertical that makes sample becomes same direction.Mensuration is implemented the warp-stretch (creep) of the sample after this heat treatment.The formula of obtaining creep is as follows, and the absolute value of creep is more near 0, and dimensional stability is good more.
Creep (%)=((length of the sample after the heat treatment)-300) * 100/300
[quality]
The uniformity of visual judgement sample printing opacity, quality and free of pinholes is arranged, with zero (well), △ (good a little), * (bad) 3 grades estimate.
Use the PPS short fiber (eastern レ Co., Ltd.'s system " ト Le コ Application (R) " S101-3.0T76mm) of fiber number 3.0 dtexs (fibre diameter 17 μ m), shearing length 76mm, obtain the short-fibre silk (total fiber number 600 dtexs) of 2 of filament size 20s, plying radical.Make its plain weave, obtain the PPS short-fibre silk plain cloth of 26/2.54cm of organizine density, 18/2.54cm of tram density.With this fabric as aggregate, on one face with 194g/m
2The stacked fleece of weight per unit area, this fleece is that the PPS short fiber (eastern レ Co., Ltd.'s system " ト Le コ Application (R) " S101-1.0T51mm) of the PPS short fiber (eastern レ Co., Ltd.'s system " ト Le コ Application (R) " S101-2.2T51mm) of fiber number 2.2 dtexs (fibre diameter 14.5 μ m), shearing length 51mm and fiber number 1.0 dtexs (fibre diameter 9.7 μ m), shearing length 51mm carries out after short fiber that mixed cotton obtains implements opener, comb and parallel cotton fibers prior to spinning and handle with weight ratio 50:50, with 50/cm of thorn pin density
2Carrying out false acupuncture obtains.This fleece forms the filter course that air flows into face one side.On the opposing party's of fabric face with 194g/m
2The stacked following fleece of weight per unit area, this fleece is after the PPS short fiber of fiber number 7.8 dtexs (fibre diameter 27.2 μ m), shearing length 51mm (eastern レ Co., Ltd.'s system " ト Le コ Application (R) " S101-7.8T51mm) 100% is carried out opener, comb and parallel cotton fibers prior to spinning processing, with 50/cm of thorn pin density
2Carrying out false acupuncture obtains.This fleece forms the filter course that air is discharged face one side.Further fabric (aggregate) and above-mentioned fleece are interweaved, obtain weight per unit area 544g/m by acupuncture processing
2, total 300/cm of needling density
2Filtering material.The performance of resulting filtering material is shown among table 1 and Fig. 4,5.In addition, in the filtering material that this obtains, see owing to acupuncture handle shrink, weight per unit area is than the tendency that uprises in theory.
As constituting the fibroreticulate fiber that air flows into face one side, with the ratio of 30:30:40 with the PPS short fiber of the PPS short fiber of fiber number 1.0 dtexs (fibre diameter 9.7 μ m), shearing length 51mm and fiber number 2.2 dtexs (fibre diameter 14.5 μ m), shearing length 51mm, also have the PPS short fiber of fiber number 7.8 dtexs (fibre diameter 27.2 μ m), shearing length 51mm to mix to use.Further, discharge the fibroreticulate fiber of face one side, with the ratio of 50:50 the PPS short fiber of the PPS short fiber of fiber number 2.2 dtexs, shearing length 51mm and fiber number 7.8 dtexs, shearing length 51mm is mixed and use as constituting air.Except that these, adopt and obtain filtering material with embodiment 1 identical method.The performance of resulting filtering material is shown among table 1 and Fig. 4,5.
Except flow into the fibroreticulate fiber of face one side as the formation air, with 20: 80 ratios with the PPS short fiber of the PPS short fiber of fiber number 10 dtexs (fibre diameter 9.7 μ m), shearing length 51mm and fiber number 2.2 dtexs (fibre diameter 14.5 μ m), shearing length 51mm mix use beyond, adopt and obtain filtering material with embodiment 1 identical method.The performance of resulting filtering material is shown among table 1 and Fig. 4,5.
Embodiment 4
With 50: 50 weight ratios the short fiber of PTFE short fiber (eastern レ Off ア イ Application ケ ミ カ Le Co., Ltd.'s system " ト ヨ Off ロ Application (R) " T201-3.3T70mm) mixed cotton of the PPS short fiber (eastern レ Co., Ltd.'s system " ト Le コ Application (R) " S101-2.2T51mm) of fiber number 2.2 dtexs (fibre diameter 14.5 μ m), shearing length 51mm and fiber number 3.3 dtexs (fibre diameter 13.5 μ m), shearing length 70mm is carried out after opener, comb and parallel cotton fibers prior to spinning handle, with 40/cm of needling density
2Carry out false acupuncture, obtain forming the fleece 210g/m that air flows into the face filter course
2In addition, adopt the method identical, obtain weight per unit area 533g/m filtering material system cloth with embodiment 1
2Filtering material.The performance of resulting filtering material is shown among table 1 and Fig. 4,5.
The short fiber of the PPS short fiber (eastern レ Co., Ltd.'s system " ト Le コ Application (R) " S101-2.2T51mm) 100% of fiber number 2.2 dtexs (fibre diameter 14.5 μ m), shearing length 51mm is carried out after opener, comb and parallel cotton fibers prior to spinning handle, with 40/cm of needling density
2Carry out false acupuncture, obtain forming the fleece 220g/m that air flows into the face filter course
2In addition, also comprise and use fiber number 7.8 dtexs (eastern レ Co., Ltd.'s system " ト Le コ Application (R) " S101-7.8T51mm), adopt the method identical, obtain weight per unit area 499g/m filter course system cloth with embodiment 1
2Filtering material.The performance of resulting filtering material is shown among table 1 and Fig. 4,5.
In its stretching process, implement tension heat treatment by the PPS fiber that melt spinning method is obtained and make, obtain the PPS short fiber (eastern レ Co., Ltd.'s system " ト Le コ Application (R) ") of Young's modulus 28cN/ dtex, fiber number 2.2 dtexs (fibre diameter 14.5 μ m), shearing length 76mm.The short fiber of this PPS short fiber and polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) that obtain with emulsion spinning, fiber number 3.3 dtexs (fibre diameter 13.5 μ m), shearing length 70mm (the eastern レ system TOYOFLON (R) of Co., Ltd.) uses carding machine to mix with weight ratio 50:50, forms laminar fleece by carding machine.As crash, the PPS short fiber of Young's modulus 28cN/ dtex, fiber number 2.2 dtexs, shearing length 76mm (eastern レ Co., Ltd. system ト Le コ Application (R)) is formed the short-fibre silk (total fiber number 600 dtexs) of 2 of filament size 20s, plying radical, as plain cloth (#2818, organizine density: 28/2.54cm, tram density: 18/2.54cm) use.Stack gradually these fleece/crashes/fleece, with the several 400/cm of the crown
2Carry out acupuncture and handle, obtain felt.Use the hot pressing roller machine of iron roll system, 100 ℃, on this felt, implement pressurized treatments with gap 1.0mm, obtain weight per unit area 715g/m
2, thickness 1.42mm filtering material.
Resulting filtering material be quality evenly, also supatex fabric uniformly of the mixing of few, the PPS fiber in pin hole and polytetrafluoroethylene fibre.
Except the short fiber of the PPS short fiber that will use in laminar fleece with opener and polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) is mixed into weight ratio 75:25, adopts and obtain weight per unit area 703g/m with embodiment 6 identical methods
2, thickness 1.58mm filtering material.Resulting filtering material be quality evenly, also supatex fabric uniformly of the mixing of few, the PPS fiber in pin hole and polytetrafluoroethylene fibre.
Short fiber as the polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) that in laminar fleece, uses, use fiber number 27 dtexs (fibre diameter 12.2 μ m), the Lennzing corporate system PROFILEN (R) of shearing length 60mm, model 803/60, and the PPS short fiber that will use with opener and the short fiber of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) were mixed into weight ratio 25: 75 in laminar fleece.In addition, as crash, use (ラ ス テ Star Network ス) (R) crash (go ア テ Star Network ス system uses PTFE to cut film silk 400D, has the plain cloth of the Density of 20/2.54cm, weight per unit area 70g/m
2).In addition, employing obtains weight per unit area 722g/m with embodiment 6 identical methods
2, thickness 1.29mm filtering material.Resulting filtering material be quality evenly, also supatex fabric uniformly of the mixing of few, the PPS fiber in pin hole and polytetrafluoroethylene fibre, but the young pilose antler on surface is slightly obviously.
Form except not using aggregate 2 layers of structure of the filter course of air inflow face and the filter course that air is discharged face, adopt and filtering material is weaved cotton cloth, obtain weight per unit area 408g/m with embodiment 1 identical method
2Filtering material.The performance of resulting filtering material is shown among table 1 and Fig. 4,5.
Form except not using aggregate 2 layers of structure of the filter course of air inflow face and the filter course that air is discharged face, adopt and filtering material is weaved cotton cloth, obtain weight per unit area 413g/m with embodiment 4 identical methods
2Filtering material.The performance of resulting filtering material is shown among table 1 and Fig. 4,5.
Comparative example 1
The short fiber of the PPS short fiber (eastern レ Co., Ltd.'s system " ト Le コ Application (R) " S101-2.2T51mm) 100% of fiber number 22 dtexs (fibre diameter 14.5 μ m), shearing length 51mm is carried out after opener, comb and parallel cotton fibers prior to spinning handle, with 40/cm of needling density
2Carry out false acupuncture, obtain forming the fleece that air flows into the filter course of face and air discharge face, this fibroreticulate weight per unit area is respectively 220g/m
2And 220g/m
2In addition, with filtering material being weaved cotton cloth, obtain weight per unit area 571g/m with embodiment 1 identical method
2Filtering material.The performance of resulting filtering material is shown among table 1 and Fig. 4,5.
Comparative example 2
The short fiber of the PPS short fiber (eastern レ Co., Ltd.'s system " ト Le コ Application (R) " S101-7.8T51mm) 100% of fiber number 7.8 dtexs, shearing length 51mm is carried out after opener, comb and parallel cotton fibers prior to spinning handle, with 40/cm of needling density
2Carry out false acupuncture, obtain forming the fleece that air flows into the filter course of face and air discharge face, this fibroreticulate weight per unit area is respectively 225g/m
2And 228g/m
2In addition, with filtering material being weaved cotton cloth, obtain weight per unit area 594g/m with embodiment 1 identical method
2Filtering material.The performance of resulting filtering material is shown among table 1 and Fig. 4,5.
Comparative example 3
To in its stretching process, implement no tension force heat treatment by the PPS fiber that melt spinning method obtains, make, obtain the PPS short fiber (eastern レ Co., Ltd. system ト Le コ Application (R)) of Young's modulus 19cN/ dtex, fiber number 7.8 dtexs (fibre diameter 27.7 μ m), shearing length 76mm thus.Make this PPS short fiber by opener and carding machine, form laminar fleece.As crash, with Young's modulus is PPS short fiber (eastern レ Co., Ltd. system ト Le コ Application (R) of 19cN/ dtex, fiber number 2.2 dtexs, shearing length 76mm) form the short-fibre silk (total fiber number 600 dtexs) of 2 of filament size 20s, plying radical, as plain cloth (#2818, organizine density: 28/2.54cm, tram density: 18/2.54cm) use.Stack gradually these fleece/crashes/fleece, carry out acupuncture with the several 400/cm of the crown and handle, obtain felt.Use the hot pressing roller machine of iron roll system, 100 ℃, on this felt, implement pressurized treatments with gap 1.0mm, obtain weight per unit area 551g/m
2, thickness 1.52mm filtering material.
Resulting filtering material be quality evenly but present the supatex fabric of the pin hole after the acupuncture.
Comparative example 4
As laminar fleece, the short fiber of the polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) of that use obtains by emulsion spinning, fiber number 7.4 dtexs, shearing length 70mm (the eastern レ system TOYOFLON (R) of Co., Ltd.), and use (ラ ス テ Star Network ス) (R) crash (go ア テ Star Network ス system, use PTFE to cut film silk 400D, plain cloth with Density of 20/2.54cm, weight per unit area 70g/m
2) as crash.In addition, employing obtains weight per unit area 630g/m with comparative example 2 identical methods
2, thickness 1.25mm filtering material.
Resulting filtering material is that quality is even, but presents the supatex fabric of the pin hole after the acupuncture.
Comparative example 5
As laminar fleece, use the short fiber (eastern レ Co., Ltd. system テ ト ロ Application (R)) of the polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) of fiber number 2.2 dtexs, shearing length 51mm, do not use crash, in addition, adopt and obtain weight per unit area 558g/m with comparative example 1 identical method
2, thickness 1.53mm filtering material.
Resulting filtering material is that quality is even, but presents the supatex fabric of the pin hole after the acupuncture.
Comparative example 6
To in its stretching process, implement no tension force heat treatment by the PPS fiber that melt spinning method obtains, make, obtain the PPS short fiber (eastern レ Co., Ltd. system ト Le エ Application (R)) of Young's modulus 19cN/ dtex, fiber number 2.2 dtexs, shearing length 76mm thus.Make this PPS short fiber by opener and carding machine, form laminar fleece.Do not use crash, adopt and obtain weight per unit area 512g/m with comparative example 2 identical methods
2, thickness 1.96mm filtering material.
Resulting filtering material is the uneven a bit supatex fabric of quality.
Table 1
Table 1 (continuing)
Table 1 (continuing)
From table 1, Fig. 4,5 evaluation result as can be known, the filtering material of embodiment 1～5 is compared dust catching efficient height with the filtering material of comparative example 1,2, fracture strength or grignard type fabric stiffness height, and the rising of the pressure loss that falls behind under the dust removing is also slow.The mechanical strength of filtering material is good, though the stress when therefore dust is removed or and the wearing and tearing of baffle plate strong, on one side and make dust remove use continuously, the pressure loss does not uprise yet, so the long lifetime of seeking filtering material is possible.In addition, by embodiment 9,10 as can be known, filtering material of the present invention even do not contain the formation of aggregate, also has sufficient mechanical.In addition, the filtering material of embodiment 6～8 is compared with the filtering material of comparative example 3～6, dust catching efficient height, and heat-resisting steaming height, the dimensional stability height under the high temperature, and also quality is even, and the pin hole is few.
Industrial applicability
According to the present invention, be the filtering material that contains polyphenylene sulfide fibre, it comprises at least 2 layers of fibre The dimension net, the fibre diameter that the fleece of air inflow face one side contains more than 50wt% or the 50wt% is little In or equal the appear fleece of a side of the heat resistant fibre of 15 μ m and air exhausting and contain Fibre diameter more than 50wt% or the 50wt% is more than or equal to the heat resistant fibre of 20 μ m, therefore Can rising good as dust catching efficient, that dust is removed the lower pressure loss that falls behind few, and And the filtering material that mechanical strength is good.
In addition, according to the present invention, be the filtering material that contains polyphenylene sulfide fibre, it contains fiber Net, this fleece comprise fiber number the polyphony thioether short fiber of 1～3 dtex scope and fiber number 2～The short fiber of the fluorine series fiber of 4 dtex scopes therefore can be good, high as dust catching efficient Bad few filtering materials such as the thermal dimensional stability under the temperature is good and quality even, pin hole.
In addition, bag hose of the present invention is made of above-mentioned filtering material, therefore is included in exhaust In dust catching efficient good, and and the wearability of baffle plate or fracture strength, stiffness, chi The mechanical strengths such as very little stability are high and good, thereby the long lifetime that can seek to filter.
Filtering material of the present invention and bag hose are particularly suitable as for filtering from waste incineration The control of dust of the high-temperature exhaust air of discharging in stove, coal-burning boiler or the metal smelting-furnace etc. with filter cloth and by The bag hose of its formation uses.
Claims (14)
1. the filtering material that contains polyphenylene sulfide fibre, it is characterized in that: contain at least 2 layers of fleece, the fleece that air flows into face one side contains the heat resistant fibre that the above fibre diameter of 50wt% is less than or equal to 15 μ m, and the fleece of air discharge face one side contains the heat resistant fibre of the above fibre diameter of 50wt% more than or equal to 20 μ m, described at least 2 layers of fleece contain the above polyphenylene sulfide fibre of 10wt%, and the apparent density of described filtering material is 0.1-1.5g/cm
3
2. filtering material according to claim 1, wherein, the fleece that air flows into face one side contains the heat resistant fibre that the above fibre diameter of 20wt% is less than or equal to 10 μ m.
3. filtering material according to claim 1, wherein, heat resistant fibre is the fiber that is selected from para-aramid fiber, meta-aramid fiber, polyphenylene sulfide fibre, polyimide fiber, fluorine fiber, carbon fiber and glass fibre.
4. filtering material according to claim 1, wherein, the fleece that air flows into face one side contains the polyphenylene sulfide fibre of 10～90wt% and the fluorine fiber of 10～90wt%, and polyphenylene sulfide fibre and fluorine fiber shared toatl proportion in whole fleece are more than the 70wt%.
5. filtering material according to claim 1, it contains following fleece, and it is that 1～3 dtex and fibre length are that polyphony thioether short fiber and the fiber number of 0.2～140mm is that 2～4 dtexs and fibre length are the short fiber of the fluorine fiber of 0.2～140mm that this fleece contains fiber number.
6. filtering material according to claim 1 wherein, with the short fiber of polyphenylene sulfide and the short fiber mixed cotton of fluorine fiber, forms fleece.
7. filtering material according to claim 1, wherein, the pars fibrosa ground fusion adhesion of web surface.
8. filtering material according to claim 1, this filtering material are included in the stacked fibroreticulate 3-tier architecture at least in two sides of the aggregate that heat resistant fibre constitutes, and the total fiber number that constitutes the fiber of described aggregate is 100～1000 dtexs.
9. filtering material according to claim 8, wherein, aggregate is made of the fabric of heat resistant fibre.
10. filtering material according to claim 8, wherein, aggregate contains the fiber that is selected from polyphenylene sulfide fibre and fluorine fiber.
11. filtering material according to claim 8, wherein, the heat resistant fibre that constitutes aggregate is the staple yarn of polyphenylene sulfide.
12. filtering material according to claim 1, wherein, the Young's modulus of polyphenylene sulfide fibre is more than the 20cN/ dtex.
13. filtering material according to claim 5, wherein, the fluorine fiber is a polytetrafluoroethylene fibre.
14. bag hose, it is made pouch with each described filtering material in the claim 1～13 and obtains.
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2003093483 | 2003-03-31 | ||
| JP093483/2003 | 2003-03-31 | ||
| JP115449/2003 | 2003-04-21 | ||
| JP144414/2003 | 2003-05-22 |
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| CN1767882A CN1767882A (en) | 2006-05-03 |
| CN100506347C true CN100506347C (en) | 2009-07-01 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CNB2004800090271A Expired - Fee Related CN100506347C (en) | 2003-03-31 | 2004-03-25 | Filter medium |
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Cited By (1)
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| TWI738963B (en) * | 2017-01-27 | 2021-09-11 | 日商帝人富瑞特股份有限公司 | Filter cloth for bag filter and manufacturing method thereof |
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| CN105582742A (en) * | 2014-10-21 | 2016-05-18 | 东丽纤维研究所（中国）有限公司 | Filter material |
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| CN111589228A (en) * | 2019-12-20 | 2020-08-28 | 上海相寻电子科技有限公司 | Filter material, preparation method and application thereof |
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2004
- 2004-03-25 CN CNB2004800090271A patent/CN100506347C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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| TWI738963B (en) * | 2017-01-27 | 2021-09-11 | 日商帝人富瑞特股份有限公司 | Filter cloth for bag filter and manufacturing method thereof |
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| CN1767882A (en) | 2006-05-03 |
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