CN100499489C - management method of network constituted by resource restricted apparatus - Google Patents
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- CN100499489C CN100499489C CNB2004100946185A CN200410094618A CN100499489C CN 100499489 C CN100499489 C CN 100499489C CN B2004100946185 A CNB2004100946185 A CN B2004100946185A CN 200410094618 A CN200410094618 A CN 200410094618A CN 100499489 C CN100499489 C CN 100499489C
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Abstract
A method for managing the network composed of the devices with limited resource includes such steps as determining that said network is a tree network, performing link-layer protocol message interaction between devices to find out network topology, obtain network topology information and constructing network topology data information, and choosing a device according said data information for configure management.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to network management, particularly, relate to a kind of network management that the network that is made of resource-constrained devices is managed.
Background technology
Along with technical development, data communications equipment in the application in fields such as communication operation, Industry Control, household consumption more and more widely and proposes some specific demands.A wherein very important demand is: the network how to constitute for resource-constrained devices provides device management method simple and practical, with low cost.Especially exist, in the local network of users, intelligent network household electrical appliances and the based on network dcs, this demand is particularly urgent.For example, corridor switch in the local network of users, intelligent appliance in intelligence sensor and the Smart Home in the dcs all needs to manage concentratedly by network, but relevant device but all has the serious limited characteristics of hardware resource.Because a large amount of low performance CPU or single-chip microcomputers of adopting are subjected to hardware resource limitations, the legacy network management method is difficult to use.
At present the way to manage at LAN equipment mainly contains four kinds of modes: control desk, Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP), based on the textual interface of TELNET with based on the graphics management interface of Web.
Fig. 1 is a console mode.This kind mode is the management serial ports of control desk main frame (101) by serial interface cable (102) direct interconnection network equipment (103), directly transmits control command based on character by serial interface cable, and returns the object information based on character, thereby finishes configuration management.This kind method advantage is simple and practical, and system requirements is low; Shortcoming is that serial interface cable can't long distance transmit, and the staff can only be in the action, and can't carry out telemanagement.
Fig. 2 is Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP).The embedded SNMP Agent (204) of the SNMP Manager (201) and the network equipment carries out SNMP message (203) transmission by Internet cloud (202) to finish management information mutual in this agreement.SNMP message (203) comprises multiple message types such as Set, Get, Get-Next and Trap, and each self-structuring of SNMP Agent and SNMPManager, parsing are also carried out functions such as relevant configuration, inquiry, report.Snmp protocol is based on IP (Internet Protocol) agreement, so equipment must configuration of IP address.Advantage is to follow IETF RFC standard, and united net management platform easy to use can telemanagement; Shortcoming is that equipment must be supported snmp protocol, the software complexity.
In addition, also has character management interface based on TELNET.This character management interface comprises host computer side TELNET Client and network equipment side TELNET Server, and the two carries out the TELNET message transmissions by the Internet cloud, and to finish character mutual.General TELNET and control desk are in conjunction with finishing telemanagement.Equipment need be supported the TELNET agreement based on the IP agreement, the agreement complexity, and equipment needs configuration of IP address.
Compare with SNMP, TELNET way to manage, more friendly based on the graphics management interface man-machine interaction of WEB.But the necessary embedded Web server of the network equipment must be supported the http protocol based on the IP agreement, realizes complexity, needs configuration of IP address.
For the network that constitutes by resource-constrained devices, require " the low-cost apparatus remote of effectively realizing is managed ".And all there is limitation in existing four kinds of network managing mode to this demand.
Console mode, simple, effective, with low cost, but can not realize the efficient remote network management.
Simple Network Management Protocol, based on the textual interface of TELNET and based on three kinds of methods in graphics management interface of Web all based on TCP/IP (Transfer Control Protocol/Internet Protocol) protocol stack, powerful, but increase equipment cost greatly.The IP address is rare at present, and requires to be each network node distributing IP address based on the way to manage of ICP/IP protocol stack.During real network was disposed, these three kinds of methods were difficult to effective application, more can not reduce equipment cost.Fig. 3 described Simple Network Management Protocol, based on the textual interface of TELNET with based on the network hierarchy schematic diagram of the graphics management interface related protocol of Web.As shown in the figure, support this three kinds of schemes, except that the application layer related protocol, also must realize transport layer, network layer and link layer related protocol.
In addition, these four kinds of modes all can not the monitor network change in topology, the real-time rendering network topology.Need secondary development in the practical application, this point will further increase equipment cost.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of Network Management method that constitutes by resource-constrained devices.This method can realize the remote device management of network optional position with lower cost.The inventive method is particularly suited for the network that is made of resource-constrained devices.
For achieving the above object, a kind of Network Management method that is made of resource-constrained devices comprises step:
A) determine that described network is a tree topology;
B) in described network, inquire about and response message in the mutual topology of data link layer between the equipment, to collect network topological information, tectonic network topological data information; And
C) based on described network topology data message, select designated equipment, at data link layer interactive maintenance order and management response message, be managed for configuration.
The mechanism of step b) and step c) is called " source path is recalled " and " virtual management path ", adopt these two kinds mechanism to realize the remote device management of network optional positions, solved in the network that resource-constrained devices constitutes the low-cost apparatus remote of effectively realizing and managed this practical problem." source path is recalled " algorithm carries out Topology Discovery, can draw the full mesh topology tree, and a non-management node device retransmission protocol message, the Maintenance free information table." virtual management path " directly set up management node by redirection mechanism and arrived by communication between the management node control desk, the administration order of keying at management node is relayed to by the management node control desk, is returned management node control platform by management node control desk output relaying.Principle is simple, and expense is minimum." virtual management path " mechanism makes the work that local control desk management talent is carried out, and as " based on the remote system software upgrading of Xmodem ", can carry out with remote mode.Except that " virtual management path " realized, without any need for extra change, systematic cost was low, and remote management capability obtains effectively to improve.So function comprises: order line, Xmodem/Zmodem file transfer, based on remote system software upgrading, the whole network remote thermal of Xmodem start, based on the complication system configuration of script etc.Because in " virtual management path " mechanism, in the management data message transmissions path, trunking only need be transmitted, do not need analytic message, therefore can be based on high-level language (JAVA etc.) exploitation network management software NMS (Network Management System), and between NMS and the network equipment node according to " virtual management path " machine-processed communication.Therefore, the configuration management order can realize based on the character script file in the network management software.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 shows the schematic diagram of traditional control desk network managing mode.
Fig. 2 shows the schematic diagram of traditional SNMP network managing mode.
Fig. 3 shows Simple Network Management Protocol, based on the textual interface of TELNET with based on the network hierarchy schematic diagram of the graphics management interface related protocol of Web.
Fig. 4 shows a kind of example that comprises the network topology of closed loop.
Fig. 5 shows a kind of example of tree network topology.
It is the flow chart that example is carried out Topology Discovery that Fig. 6 shows with topology shown in Figure 5.
Fig. 7 shows the flow chart that utilizes " virtual management path " to be managed for configuration according to the topology information of method acquisition shown in Figure 6.
Fig. 8 shows the example of the local network of users of using the inventive method.
Fig. 9 shows the example of the intelligent appliance network of using the inventive method.
Embodiment
With reference now to accompanying drawing,, embodiments of the invention is described.
The topological structure of " network that resource-constrained devices constitutes " may be any fully connected topology, and as shown in Figure 4, this network topology kind contains closed loop (401,402).Yet in most of the cases, " network that resource-constrained devices constitutes " has been tree topology, as shown in Figure 5.If contain closed loop in " network that resource-constrained devices constitutes " topology, can adopt the known method that (IEEE802.1d) waits as " generating tree " to form the tree topology of no closed loop.
The present invention only carries out Topology Discovery and configuration management by the link layer protocol message interaction at equipment room.Wherein " source path is recalled " is used for finding topology, and " virtual management path " is used for configuration management.Both relevant inquirings, response message are link layer message.If physical link is an Ethernet, then link layer message is masked as ethernet link frame purpose mac domain and fills appointment multicast MAC Address, as 0x0180cccccc.If physical link is parallel port or serial port, also suitable definition frame form is so analogized.This appointment multicast MAC Address or frame format should be known by " network that resource-constrained devices constitutes " interior all devices.
Come method of the present invention is elaborated as example with Fig. 5 and Fig. 6 below.Real network topological sum node is arranged and is not limited to shown in the example.
Fig. 5 shows " single generation tree " topological structure network example.In this example, comprise six device A-F.It is that example realizes according to of the present invention that Fig. 6 shows with topology shown in Figure 5 " source path recalls " flow chart.
601 management nodes periodically (Cycle Length is variable) send topological query message by all of the port, and adjacent node is jumped in inquiry first.Message content comprises: management node, next node (can contain multinomial), jumping figure.In this example: management node=A, next node=broadcasting (inquiry), jumping figure=1.
602 the 1st jump adjacent node replys, and the response message content comprises: management node, next node (can contain multinomial), jumping figure.In this example: management node=A, next node=B, jumping figure=1.
603 the 1st jump adjacent node replys, and message content comprises: management node, next node (can contain multinomial), jumping figure.In this example: management node=A, next node=C, jumping figure=1.
604 management nodes obtain jumping figure=1 o'clock network topology structure database.
605 management nodes all devices in some network topology of jumping figure=1 sends topological query message respectively, and message content comprises: management node, next node (can contain multinomial), jumping figure.In this example: management node=A, next node=B, next node=broadcasting (inquiry), jumping figure=2.
606 management nodes all devices in some network topology of jumping figure=1 sends topological query message respectively, and message content comprises: management node, next node (can contain multinomial), jumping figure.In this example: management node=A, next node=C, next node=broadcasting (inquiry), jumping figure=2.
607 via nodes carry out message according to next node information in the message content to be transmitted, and message is forwarded to all of the port except that receiving message.Message content is constant.In this example: management node=A, next node=B, next node=broadcasting (inquiry), jumping figure=2.
608 via nodes carry out message according to next node information in the message content to be transmitted, and message is forwarded to all of the port except that receiving message.Message content is constant.In this example: management node=A, next node=C, next node=broadcasting (inquiry), jumping figure=2.
609 the 2nd jump adjacent node replys, and message content comprises: management node, next node (can contain multinomial), jumping figure.Via node carries out message according to next node information in the message content to be transmitted, and message is forwarded to the query message receiving port.In this example: management node=A, next node=B, next node=D, jumping figure=2.
610 the 2nd jump adjacent node replys, and message content comprises: management node, next node (can contain multinomial), jumping figure.Via node carries out message according to next node information in the message content to be transmitted, and message is forwarded to the query message receiving port.In this example: management node=A, next node=B, next node=E, jumping figure=2.
611 the 2nd jump adjacent node replys, and message content comprises: management node, next node (can contain multinomial), jumping figure.Via node carries out message according to next node information in the message content to be transmitted, and message is forwarded to the query message receiving port.In this example: management node=A, next node=C, next node=F, jumping figure=2.
612 management nodes obtain jumping figure=2 o'clock network topology structure database.
613 analogize, and management node all devices in some network topology of jumping figure=2 sends topological query message respectively.Via node carries out message according to next node information in the message content to be transmitted, and message is forwarded to all of the port except that receiving message.In this example: management node=A, next node=B, next node=D, next node=broadcasting (inquiry), jumping figure=3.
614 analogize, and management node all devices in some network topology of jumping figure=2 sends topological query message respectively.Via node carries out message according to next node information in the message content to be transmitted, and message is forwarded to all of the port except that receiving message.In this example: management node=A, next node=B, next node=E, next node=broadcasting (inquiry), jumping figure=3.
615 analogize, and management node all devices in some network topology of jumping figure=2 sends topological query message respectively.Via node carries out message according to next node information in the message content to be transmitted, and message is forwarded to all of the port except that receiving message.In this example: management node=A, next node=C, next node=F, next node=broadcasting (inquiry), jumping figure=3.
616 the 2nd jump adjacent node replys, no next node, and message content comprises: management node, next node (can contain multinomial), jumping figure.Via node carries out message according to next node information in the message content to be transmitted, and message is forwarded to the query message receiving port.In this example: management node=A, next node=B, next node=D, jumping figure=2.
617 the 2nd jump adjacent node replys, no next node, and message content comprises: management node, next node (can contain multinomial), jumping figure.Via node carries out message according to next node information in the message content to be transmitted, and message is forwarded to the query message receiving port.In this example: management node=A, next node=B, next node=E, jumping figure=2.
618 the 2nd jump adjacent node replys, no next node, and message content comprises: management node, next node (can contain multinomial), jumping figure.Via node carries out message according to next node information in the message content to be transmitted, and message is forwarded to the query message receiving port.In this example: management node=A, next node=C, next node=F, jumping figure=2.
619 management nodes obtain maximum hop count=2 information, and the network topology structure database construction finishes, and stop to send topological query message.
In above-mentioned steps, arbitrary equipment all can be used as management node in the network that is made of resource-constrained devices, initiates inquiry, obtains network topology structure in real time.This topological structure can show according to forms such as figure, tables.
" next node " in the message content should be can the unique identification network in the identifier of specific node, node identifier can be a MAC Address, or production code member etc.When the inquiry jumping figure is M, M is the positive integer more than or equal to 1, all nodes that will be in level M are called the M hop node, because equipment the unknown that M jumps, can comprise the 1st to M-1 information of jumping in the routing information in the query message, also can accord with the node identifier that replaces M to jump with the special identifier of agreement, as 0x0, but this special identifier symbol must be known by " network that resource-constrained devices constitutes " interior all devices, and this dual mode comes down to identical.
Via node obtains query message receiving port number, next node place port numbers, for example hardware forwarding table, software cache information table etc. by known method.
In addition, can in the inquiry response message, be carried the node identifier of adjacent node by query node.Information in view of the above, management node can obtain the real network topology at the basic enterprising one-step optimization of tree topology.
Fig. 7 shows the flow chart that utilizes " virtual management path " to be managed for configuration according to the topology information of method acquisition shown in Figure 6.
The configuration of 701 management nodes is by management node E.Requester network topology data storehouse is according to topological path structure administration order message.Message content comprises: management node, next node (can contain multinomial), jumping figure, administration order.
702 via nodes carry out message according to next node information in the message content to be transmitted, and message is forwarded to next node.And the like, forwarded hop-by-hop.Message content comprises: management node, next node (can contain multinomial), jumping figure, administration order.
703 are received the administration order message by management node, and the sense command character string passes to the control desk module and directly carries out.Obtain execution result.Execution result character crossfire encapsulation back is sent the management response message.Message content comprises: management node, next node (can contain multinomial), jumping figure, command execution results.
704 via nodes carry out message according to next node information in the message content to be transmitted, and message is forwarded to next node.And the like, forwarded hop-by-hop.After management node is received message, read character string, directly be presented on the local control desk.Message content comprises: management node, next node (can contain multinomial), jumping figure, command execution results.
Equally, in above-mentioned steps, arbitrary equipment all can be used as management node in " network that resource-constrained devices constitutes ", by specified path, to specified node, sends the configuration management order.Configuration result will be by specified path, and the control desk that oppositely dates back management node shows, has realized the Remote configuration management thus.Administration order and command execution results can design based on character string.
As mentioned above, network device management method of the present invention does not rely on network layer and the above agreement of network layer, equipment can unreally show network layer and the above agreement of network layer, the message of above-mentionedly be used for that topology inquiry, topology are replied, administration order or management being replied is the link layer protocol message, equipment room only just can be realized above-mentioned functions by the link layer protocol message interaction, can define type of message by the type field of message.Carry out forwarding by via node, do not need maintenance state machine, database etc.Thus, reduce software complexity, reduce the hardware resource requirement, effectively reduce equipment cost.
Management node can be developed based on the network management software of the present invention.This software by " source path recalls " find and show topological structure.Realize configuration management by " virtual management path ".Each GUI action of configuration in the network management software, corresponding one or more control desk orders based on character.Therefore, network management software upgrading does not need to revise network equipment embedded software module.
The present invention can be applied in any type " network that resource-constrained devices constitutes ".Below with reference to Fig. 8 and Fig. 9, the concrete application of the inventive method is described, wherein Fig. 8 and Fig. 9 show the local network of users of using the inventive method and the example of intelligent appliance network respectively.
The local network of users is made of convergence switch (804), corridor switch (808), Ethernet (807).According to the present invention, need corridor switch and convergence switch all to support the present invention, so control desk (801) can be directly by being connected with the serial interface cable of convergence switch (804), directly, carry out the control desk configuration management at any corridor switch (808), convergence switch (804).If control desk (801) can insert Internet, and support Telnet or based on Web and device manager of the present invention etc., then control desk (806) can pass through remote network management, checks any corridor switch of network topology and configuration management (808), convergence switch (804).Corridor switch (808), convergence switch (804) need not supported TCP/IP contour level agreement.
The intelligent appliance network is made of intelligent appliance (901), household PC (902), home network (905).According to the present invention, need intelligent appliance (901), household PC (902) all to support the present invention, thus household PC (902) can be directly by local control desk or based on the graphics management program of the inventive method, at any intelligent appliance (901), be managed for configuration.If household PC (902) can insert Internet, and support Telnet or based on Web and device manager of the present invention etc., then external host (904) can pass through remote network management, checks any intelligent appliance of network topology and configuration management (901).Intelligent appliance (901) need not supported TCP/IP contour level agreement.
Claims (6)
1. Network Management method that is made of resource-constrained devices comprises step:
A) determine that described network is a tree topology;
B) in described network, inquire about and response message in the mutual topology of data link layer between the equipment, to collect network topological information, tectonic network topological data information; And
C) based on described network topology data message, select designated equipment, at data link layer interactive maintenance order and management response message, be managed for configuration.
2. method according to claim 1 is characterized in that described topological inquiry and response message and administration order and management response message comprise following content:
Inquiry jumping figure M, wherein M is that positive integer, management node identifier, source path the 1st more than or equal to 1 is to M hop node identifier;
The type of message flag bit comprises type: topology inquiry, topology are replied, administration order or management are replied;
Data load length and data load.
3. method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: in described network, use can be by network in the node identifier known of all devices identify an equipment uniquely.
4. method according to claim 3 is characterized in that:
Described node identifier is other identifiers of MAC Address, production code member or agreement.
5. method according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that described step b) may further comprise the steps:
Management node is periodically initiated the topology inquiry;
With the root of described management node as tree topology, the degree of depth of tree is N, according to the level of tree,
Increase progressively since 1 and to correspond respectively to the 1st to the inquiry of the topology of N hop node;
Inquiry for level M, 1≤M≤N, management node structure at the M hop node, the type of message flag bit is the link layer protocol message of topology inquiry, this message comprises the known paths information that arrives each node path from management node, management node is selected transmit port according to described routing information, after the non-management node is received message, judge:
If described non-management node is not the M hop node, then when it is not M-1 jumping, message is forwarded to next jumping,
When it is M-1 when jumping, query message is sent to all of the port except that the query message receiving port, if do not reply, then constructing type of message is the link layer protocol message that topology is replied, and answers management node,
If when described non-management node is the M hop node, then construct topological response message, answer management node.
6. method according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that: described step c) may further comprise the steps:
Management node is according to the network topology data of utilizing step b) to obtain, obtain arriving routing information by management node, the structure flag bit is the link layer protocol message of " administration order ", and send described message according to routing information, message content comprises arrival by the routing information of management node, and message data load territory bearer management node sends to by the administration order of management node;
Receive that the node of message judges according to the routing information in the message:
If its be not in the message appointment by management node, then message is transmitted to the next node of appointment in the message,
If its be in the message appointment by management node, then described by management node analytic message data load, carry out described administration order, and be that the link layer protocol message of " management is replied " is replied according to execution result structure flag bit, message content comprises information such as arriving the management node path, the carrying of message data load territory send to management node by management node administration order execution result.
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| CN101442811B (en) * | 2008-12-30 | 2010-07-28 | 重庆大学 | United control method for wireless resource |
| CN101815069A (en) * | 2010-03-24 | 2010-08-25 | 河北钢铁股份有限公司邯郸分公司 | Method for developing management system of program-controlled switch by using asp technology |
| CN103268261A (en) * | 2012-02-24 | 2013-08-28 | 苏州蓝海彤翔系统科技有限公司 | Hierarchical computing resource management method suitable for large-scale high-performance computer |
| CN109039738B (en) * | 2018-08-01 | 2022-04-29 | 北京广利核系统工程有限公司 | DCS network equipment configuration and monitoring method, device, maintenance node and terminal |
| CN109379290A (en) * | 2018-11-30 | 2019-02-22 | 四川安迪科技实业有限公司 | The topological automatic discovering method of the star-like networking of VSAT |
| CN116306455B (en) * | 2022-12-23 | 2023-08-11 | 之江实验室 | High-speed configuration management method suitable for on-chip system of 2D-Mesh topology |
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