CN100498352C - Antenna radiation characteristics experimental device - Google Patents
Antenna radiation characteristics experimental device Download PDFInfo
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- CN100498352C CN100498352C CNB2007100697519A CN200710069751A CN100498352C CN 100498352 C CN100498352 C CN 100498352C CN B2007100697519 A CNB2007100697519 A CN B2007100697519A CN 200710069751 A CN200710069751 A CN 200710069751A CN 100498352 C CN100498352 C CN 100498352C
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Abstract
The utility model discloses an antenna radiation characteristic test device; the signal emission end is an emission component consisting of a solid oscillator signal source, a first waveguide, a microwave attenuator, a second waveguide and an emission trumpet antenna; the emission component is arranged on a cloud platform; the cloud platform consists of an antenna mounted frame which can rotate the emission component, a locking handle, a vertical rotating platform of an angle dial and a horizontal rotating platform; the cloud platform is arranged on the upper end of a signal emission end frame; the frame with a metal grid mesh is arranged on the signal emission end frame; the metal grid mesh can be positioned in front of a port of the emission trumpet antenna; the lower end of the signal emission end frame is arranged on an antenna moving frame. The signal receiving end consists of a receiving trumpet antenna, a third waveguide, a microwave crystal wave detector, a fourth waveguide and a short circuit piston; wherein the port of the receiving trumpet antenna is toward the signal emission end; the signal receiving end is arranged on the upper end of a signal receiving end frame; the lower end of the signal receiving end frame is arranged on the antenna moving frame. The device can implement the measurement of the relation between the intensity and the distance of the electromagnetic wave transmitting in space, polarization characteristic measurement and trumpet antenna radiation direction diagram measurement.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the measurement mechanism of electromagnetic reflection, radiation, orientation, especially relate to a kind of antenna radiation characteristics experimental device.
Background technology
Electromagnetic wave is aloft propagated by aerial radiation.Its intensity of electromagnetic wave of launching by antenna is certain distribution in the space, difform antenna, the electromagnetic wave of emission have different distributions in the space, therefore has different antenna performances.The parameter of describing antenna performance is a lot, mainly contains: antenna directivity, antenna pattern, beam angle, sidelobe level, frequency response, input reflection coefficient or the like.In addition, the electromagnetic wave of antenna emission all has polarization characteristic, and so-called polarization is meant the direction of electromagnetic wave electric field intensity.Electromagnetic wave signal size that receiving antenna receives and distance dependent apart from emitting antenna, also relevant, also relevant with the polarization of electromagnetic wave characteristic with the characteristic of emitting antenna.When if the polarised direction of emitting antenna institute launching electromagnetic wave is consistent with the polarised direction of receiving antenna, the received signal maximum, if both quadratures, receiver will not receive signal.Receiving antenna range transmission antenna is far away more, and the signal that receives is weak more.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of antenna radiation characteristics experimental device, be used to disclose the relation of antenna directivity, beam angle, wave polarization characteristic and the electromagnetic intensity and the propagation distance of electromagnetic horn.
The technical scheme that the present invention solves its technical matters employing is:
Signal transmitting terminal and signal receiving end are installed in the two ends of antenna movable stand respectively, and can move on the antenna movable stand and fixing; Wherein:
Described signal transmitting terminal: connect to form emitting module by solid-state source oscillation signal, first waveguide, microwave attenuator, second waveguide and emission electromagnetic horn successively, and be contained on the The Cloud Terrace; Described The Cloud Terrace is by allowing emitting module form around the vertical universal stage of antenna erecting frame, tight handle with lock and the angle dial of the band angle dial of waveguide axis rotation and the horizontal rotating table of tight handle with lock and angle dial; The Cloud Terrace is installed in signal transmitting terminal support upper end, and the metal grid mesh support that can rotate also is installed on the signal transmitting terminal support, on the metal grid mesh support metal grid mesh is installed, and metal grid mesh can be done 360 ° of rotations around the center of circle, and has 360 ° of angle dials; Rotate the metal grid mesh support and can make metal grid mesh be positioned at the front of emission electromagnetic horn port, signal transmitting terminal support lower end is installed on the antenna movable stand, and can move on the antenna movable stand;
Described signal receiving end: form towards reception electromagnetic horn, the 3rd waveguide, microwave pyron detector, the 4th waveguide and the short-circuit plunger of signal transmitting terminal by port successively, be installed in signal receiving end support upper end, signal receiving end support lower end is installed on the antenna movable stand.
Spacing a between the metal grate of described metal grid mesh is 2～15 millimeters, and the diameter d of metal grid mesh is greater than the bore of emission electromagnetic horn port.
The beneficial effect that the present invention has is:
This device can carry out that the relation of electromagnetic wave electromagnetic intensity and distance in spatial transmission is measured, polarization characteristic is measured, the electromagnetic horn antenna pattern is measured.Modulation power source that need to dispose a frequency during measurement be 1000Hz and the arrowband frequency-selecting amplifier of a centre frequency 1000Hz.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is an antenna performance experiments of measuring device.
Fig. 2 is the signal transmitting terminal.
Fig. 3 is a signal receiving end.
Fig. 4 is a metal grid mesh.
Among the figure: 1, signal transmitting terminal, 1.1, solid-state source oscillation signal, 1.2, waveguide, 1.3, microwave attenuator, 1.4, the antenna erecting frame, 1.5, the emission electromagnetic horn, 1.6, the vertical universal stage of tight handle with lock and angle dial, 1.7, the horizontal rotating table of tight handle with lock and angle dial, 1.8, metal grid mesh, 1.9, the metal grid mesh support, 1.10, signal transmitting terminal support; 2, antenna movable stand; 3, signal receiving end, 3.1, receive electromagnetic horn, 3.2, waveguide, 3.3, the microwave pyron detector, 3.4, short-circuit plunger, 3.5, the signal receiving end support.
Embodiment
As Fig. 1, Fig. 2, Fig. 3, shown in Figure 4, signal transmitting terminal 1 of the present invention and signal receiving end 3 are installed in the two ends of antenna movable stand 2 respectively, and can move on antenna movable stand 2 and fixing; Wherein:
Described signal transmitting terminal 1: connect to form emitting module by solid-state source oscillation signal 1.1, first waveguide 1.2, microwave attenuator 1.3, second waveguide 1.2 and emission electromagnetic horn 1.5 successively, and be contained on the The Cloud Terrace; Described The Cloud Terrace is by allowing emitting module form around the vertical universal stage 1.6 of antenna erecting frame 1.4, tight handle with lock and the angle dial of the rotation of waveguide axis and the horizontal rotating table 1.7 of tight handle with lock and angle dial; The Cloud Terrace is installed in signal transmitting terminal support 1.10 upper ends, on the signal transmitting terminal support 1.10 metal grid mesh support 1.9 is installed also, metal grid mesh 1.8 is installed on the metal grid mesh support 1.9, rotating metal grid mesh support 1.9 can make metal grid mesh 1.8 be positioned at the front of emission electromagnetic horn 1.5 ports, metal grid mesh 1.8 has 360 ° of angle indexs, can (mounting points) do 360 ° of rotations around the center of circle, signal transmitting terminal support 1.10 lower ends are installed on the antenna movable stand 2, and can on antenna movable stand 2, move, make transmitting terminal along the translation of movable stand track, receive thereby change, send out the distance between the electromagnetic horn, its distance value can read from the rule on the movable stand 2.
Emitting module can be done 360 ° of rotations around the waveguide axis, can change the polarised direction of launching electromagnetic wave thus, and its polarization angle can be read from angle dial; The big or small available microwave attenuator of emissive power is regulated.The Cloud Terrace can be on vertical plane greater than on ± 50 ° and the surface level greater than rotation ± 95 ° of scopes in, be used to measure the directivity characteristic of emitting antenna, the angle of its rotation can be read from corresponding angle dial respectively.Metal grid mesh 1.8 can be done 360 ° of rotations around the center of circle.
Described signal receiving end 3: form towards reception electromagnetic horn 3.1, the 3rd waveguide 3.2, microwave pyron detector 3.3, the 4th waveguide 3.2 and the short-circuit plunger 3.4 of signal transmitting terminal by port successively, be installed in signal receiving end support 3.5 upper ends, signal receiving end support 3.5 lower ends are installed on the antenna movable stand 2.
Described metal grid mesh 1.8 has 360 ° of angle indexs, can rotate around centre point, and the spacing a between the metal grate is 2～15 millimeters, and the diameter d of metal grid mesh 1.8 is greater than the bore of emission electromagnetic horn 1.5 ports.
Embodiment 1: the relation of electromagnetic wave electromagnetic intensity and distance in spatial transmission is measured
Unscrew the clamping screw of antenna movable stand, movable signal transmitting terminal support, distance is 1.2m between adjusting emitting antenna and the reception, tightens clamping screw then and makes the transmitting terminal stationkeeping.
Rotating the metal grid mesh support makes metal grid mesh remove the emission electromagnetic horn.
The microwave pyron detector output of receiving end is received frequency-selecting amplifier by feeder line.
Is frequency that the modulation power source of 1000Hz is connected to solid-state source oscillation signal, produces the electromagnetic wave of 1000Hz modulation, and the solid-state oscillator signal source frequency here is 9.375GHz.
Experimental procedure:
(1) around waveguide axis rotation emitting module, the emitting antenna polarised direction is adjusted to consistent with the polarised direction of receiving antenna, i.e. same polarization mode.
(2) open solid-state oscillator signal source current (working method is a square-wave frequency modulation) and frequency-selecting amplifier power supply.Regulate microwave pyron detector allotment screw or short-circuit plunger position and make the detection output maximum (wave detector coupling) of indicating on the frequency-selecting amplifier, select " decibel " knob measurement range selection 40dB or the 50dB gear of frequency-selecting amplifier, and the microwave attenuator of adjusting transmitting terminal, make frequency-selecting amplifier output full scale, promptly normalization numerical value is 0dB.
(3) change distance between the sending and receiving antenna successively, the data recording of measuring in following table:
| Distance R (m) | Relative normalized power |
| 1.0 | |
| 1.1 | |
| 1.2 | |
| 1.3 | |
| 1.4 |
The power of receiving according to the data verification of measuring whether and the square distance between the sending and receiving antenna be inversely proportional to.
Embodiment 2: antenna polarization is measured
(1) unscrew the emitting antenna clamping screw, around waveguide axis rotation emitting module, the polarised direction of adjusting the emission electromagnetic horn and clamping screw after receiving antenna is consistent, the angle value that this moment, note polarized on the index dial is 0 ° of a relative value.
(2) unscrew the vertical and horizontal clamping screw of The Cloud Terrace successively, regulate the level and vertical sensing of emitting antenna, find frequency-selecting amplifier indication maximum position (promptly finding antenna radiation pattern maximal value this point) back clamping screw, the microwave attenuator of regulating transmitting terminal then makes frequency-selecting amplifier output full scale, and promptly normalization numerical value is 0dB relatively.
(3) successively around waveguide axis to rotation emission electromagnetic horn, from 0 ° to 90 °, every the reading of 10 ° of record frequency-selecting amplifiers indications in following table:
| Emission electromagnetic horn angle θ | Relative normalized power |
| 0° | |
| 10° | |
| 20° | |
| 30° | |
| 40° | |
| 50° | |
| 60° | |
| 70° | |
| 80° | |
| 90° |
Whether meet cos between the anglec of rotation θ of power that receives according to the data verification that measures and emission electromagnetic horn
2The relation of θ.
Embodiment 3: polarization characteristic is measured
The polarization aperture plate is to have opened a lot of lines of rabbet joint on a copper coin, if the width of bonding jumper is all much smaller than wavelength with the width of seam, then project electromagnetic wave on the fluting copper coin, having the electromagnetic wave that is parallel to line of rabbet joint direction for electric field will be by total reflection, and the electromagnetic wave that has perpendicular to line of rabbet joint direction can pass through smoothly.Make metal grid mesh just in time drop on the front of emitting antenna port so rotate the metal grid mesh support, then the received signal magnitude of receiving antenna changes along with the change of the polarization aperture plate anglec of rotation.
(1) around waveguide axis rotation emitting module, the polarised direction of adjusting the emission electromagnetic horn with lock after receiving antenna is consistent
Bolt, the angle value that promptly polarizes are 0 ° of position.
(2) metal grid mesh is moved to the front of transmitting terminal electromagnetic horn port, the rotating metallic aperture plate makes frequency-selecting amplifier reading maximum, the microwave attenuator of regulating transmitting terminal then makes frequency-selecting amplifier output full scale, and promptly normalization numerical value is 0dB relatively, and the angle on the note aperture plate is relative 0 °.
(3) rotate metal grid mesh successively,,, simultaneously 45 ° of points are also made one-shot measurement, write down the frequency-selecting amplifier reading respectively every 10 ° and make one-shot measurement from 0 °～90 °.
| Polarization aperture plate angle | Relative normalized power |
| 0° | |
| 10° | |
| 20° | |
| 30° | |
| 40° | |
| 45° | |
| 50° | |
| 60° | |
| 70° | |
| 80° | |
| 90° |
1. observe angle between the polarised direction of electromagnetic field and the metal grid mesh and change influence received power.
2. when between the polarised direction of electromagnetic field and the metal grid mesh during angle at 45, whether received power is-6dB.
3. when between the polarised direction of electromagnetic field and the metal grid mesh at an angle of 90 the time, whether received power is-∞ dB.
Embodiment 4: the electromagnetic horn antenna pattern is measured
Experiment is prepared:
Regulate the distance between transmitting terminal support and the receiving end support, making and receiving electromagnetic horn is 1.2m with the spacing of launching electromagnetic horn.
Metal grid mesh is removed.
Around waveguide axis rotation emitting module, adjust emission electromagnetic horn polarization angle, make consistent with the polarization angle that receives electromagnetic horn; " decibel " knob measurement range selection of frequency-selecting amplifier is at 40dB or 50dB gear;
Experimental procedure:
(1) unscrews and horizontally rotate locking knob in the The Cloud Terrace, the electromagnetic horn of rotation emission in the horizontal direction, locking knob when finding frequency-selecting amplifier indication maximum point position.Use the same method and on vertical plane, find frequency-selecting amplifier indication maximum point position, the microwave attenuator of regulating transmitting terminal then makes frequency-selecting amplifier output full scale (0dB), remembers that surface level is relative 0 ° with angular readings in the vertical plane high scale dish this moment respectively; Note frequency-selecting amplifier reading is the maximum point of antenna directivity characteristic, and promptly normalization numerical value is 0dB (because the directional diagram of antenna is a spatial structure, above step is in order to seek the maximum of points of directional diagram) relatively.
(2) unscrew and horizontally rotate locking knob in the The Cloud Terrace, the electromagnetic horn of rotation emission in the horizontal direction, by-90 ° forward to+90 °, select the frequency-selecting amplifier readings in table every 10 ° of records, and measure-beam angle during 3dB power.Then antenna is gone to 0 ° of position, locking horizontally rotates locking knob.
(3) with the directional diagram on the above-mentioned same method measuring vertical face, the record reading.
Antenna horizontal directivity pattern measurement data
| Antenna horizontal direction corner | -90 | -80 | -70 | -60 | -50 | -40 | -30 | -20 | -10 | 0 | 10 | 20 | 30 | 40 | 50 | 60 | 70 | 80 | 90 |
| Relative normalized power |
Antenna height pattern measurement data
| Antenna vertical direction corner | -50 | -40 | -30 | -20 | -10 | 0 | 10 | 20 | 30 | 40 | 50 |
| Relative normalized power |
1. draw the antenna pattern of emission electromagnetic horn on surface level, vertical plane with polar form respectively according to the data that measure.
2. measure respectively the emission electromagnetic horn on surface level, vertical plane-3dB powerbeam width.
3. calculate emission electromagnetic horn and the gain and the half-power beam width that receive electromagnetic horn according to antenna size, and compare, analyze its error with measured value.
Claims (2)
1, a kind of antenna radiation characteristics experimental device is characterized in that: signal transmitting terminal (1) and signal receiving end (3) are installed in the two ends of antenna movable stand (2) respectively, and can go up mobile and fixing at antenna movable stand (2); Wherein:
Described signal transmitting terminal (1): connect to form emitting module by solid-state source oscillation signal (1.1), first waveguide (1.2), microwave attenuator (1.3), second waveguide (1.2) and emission electromagnetic horn (1.5) successively, and be contained on the The Cloud Terrace; Described The Cloud Terrace is by allowing emitting module form around the vertical universal stage (1.6) of antenna erecting frame (1.4), tight handle with lock and the angle dial of the band angle dial of waveguide axis rotation and the horizontal rotating table (1.7) of tight handle with lock and angle dial; The Cloud Terrace is installed in signal transmitting terminal support (1.10) upper end, the metal grid mesh support (1.9) that can rotate also is installed on the signal transmitting terminal support (1.10), metal grid mesh (1.8) is installed on the metal grid mesh support (1.9), metal grid mesh (1.8) can be done 360 ° of rotations around the center of circle, and has 360 ° of angle dials; Rotate metal grid mesh support (1.9) and can make metal grid mesh (1.8) be positioned at the front of emission electromagnetic horn (1.5) port, signal transmitting terminal support (1.10) lower end is installed on the antenna movable stand (2), and can go up at antenna movable stand (2) and move;
Described signal receiving end (3): form towards reception electromagnetic horn (3.1), the 3rd waveguide (3.2), microwave pyron detector (3.3), the 4th waveguide (3.2) and the short-circuit plunger (3.4) of signal transmitting terminal by port successively, be installed in signal receiving end support (3.5) upper end, signal receiving end support (3.5) lower end is installed on the antenna movable stand (2).
2, a kind of antenna radiation characteristics experimental device according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the spacing a between the metal grate of described metal grid mesh (1.8) is 2～15 millimeters, and the diameter d of metal grid mesh (1.8) is greater than the bore of emission electromagnetic horn (1.5) port.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB2007100697519A CN100498352C (en) | 2007-06-27 | 2007-06-27 | Antenna radiation characteristics experimental device |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB2007100697519A CN100498352C (en) | 2007-06-27 | 2007-06-27 | Antenna radiation characteristics experimental device |
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| CN101105513A CN101105513A (en) | 2008-01-16 |
| CN100498352C true CN100498352C (en) | 2009-06-10 |
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Cited By (1)
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| CN106680600A (en) * | 2015-11-05 | 2017-05-17 | 莱尔德技术股份有限公司 | Antenna testing station |
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| CN113823157A (en) * | 2021-05-11 | 2021-12-21 | 中国矿业大学(北京) | Device technology for polarization and polarization analysis and polarization degree measurement of random elliptical polarization radio wave |
| CN114047387B (en) * | 2021-11-04 | 2023-04-25 | 中国电子科技集团公司第二十九研究所 | System and method for testing radiation direction of electronic radiation system |
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