CN100496703C - Method for preparing starch absorption carrier - Google Patents
Method for preparing starch absorption carrier Download PDFInfo
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- CN100496703C CN100496703C CNB2005100326539A CN200510032653A CN100496703C CN 100496703 C CN100496703 C CN 100496703C CN B2005100326539 A CNB2005100326539 A CN B2005100326539A CN 200510032653 A CN200510032653 A CN 200510032653A CN 100496703 C CN100496703 C CN 100496703C
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a preparation method of starch adsorption carrier. Said method includes the following steps: mixing starch raw material with water to make its concentration be 40-82%, placing said starch raw material in a closed container, treating for 1-24 hr, at 60-120 deg.C, cooling to room temperature, adding water to obtain starch milk with 15-50 mass%, regulating pH value to 4.0-6.5, adding dried starch with 30-600 mu/g of amylase, making reaction for 4-30 hr. at 45-65 deg.C, drying and pulverizing so as to obtain the invented product.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the production method of converted starch, specifically be meant the preparation method who utilizes the starch absorption carrier that physical method and biotechnology combine.
Background technology
Starch is being lower than under the gelatinization point, handles making its surface present cellular through manual method, and specific area and specific volume increase, and have the good adsorption performance, and this starch can be used as the absorption carrier of many materials.This absorption carrier is compared with other absorption carrier, except that having the good adsorption performance, also has following advantage: (1) raw material is a renewable resource, and wide material sources are cheap and easy to get; (2) pure natural substance, safe, nontoxic, using dosage is unrestricted; (3) biodegradable, pollution-free; (4) production technology is simple and convenient, small investment; (5) be widely used, applicability is strong.This starch absorption carrier is according to the difference of object, the mode of absorption changes to some extent, when adsorbed material is liquid, can will contain the object solution spray to the starch carrier surface, or starch granules added contain in the object solution, isolate the starch carrier that contains object with filtration or centrifugation method again; When adsorbed material is solid, it can be got with the starch carrier high-speed mixing.Starch carrier is because surface pitting is many, and the attraction of generation is comparatively concentrated, when object is adsorbed on the inwall in hole, extraneous attraction is difficult to reach, so the absorption that produces is firm, and have " hiding " effect, more effective to unstable, volatile and easily lost material.Its adsorbance can reach 2.5～4.3 times of ative starch.This starch carrier has been widely used in industries such as food, medicine, agricultural, chemical industry, and national economy is produced far-reaching influence, becomes the focus of research.
The comprehensive situation of research both at home and abroad, the production of present this starch absorption carrier has three kinds of methods, i.e. enzyme process, acid system and separate from chitting piece.The essence of these three kinds of methods is to utilize acid or enzyme hydrolysis starch to make its surface produce micropore.The focus of research is at enzyme method technique at present.And the emphasis of enzyme process research concentrates on starch material, amylase and the enzyme reaction condition how selected, on the adsorbance that improves starch carrier.The shortcoming of this method is: starch carrier must prepare under the gelatinization point of starch, and the gelatinization point of starch is lower for keeping particulate form, this has limited the enzyme selection of suitable action condition, for making starch carrier reach certain adsorbance, certainly will increase enzyme concentration, increased production cost; On the other hand, because the gelatinization point of cereal starch than the temperature height of potato starch, is concentrated when selecting raw material and considered starch such as corn, wheat and rice, limited the development on the preparation starch carrier of other starch such as potato starch.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to provides a kind of preparation method of starch absorption carrier at the deficiencies in the prior art part.This method production cost is low, efficient is high, and the product adsorbance is big, quality good.
The preparation method of a kind of starch absorption carrier of the present invention comprises the steps:
(1) mixing starch raw materials and water furnishing concentration is 40～82% quality, places closed container, handles 1～24 hour down at 60～120 ℃, is cooled to room temperature;
(2) water starch that (1) is obtained is made into the starch milk of 15～50% quality, and regulating pH value scope is 4.0～6.5, and adding the amylase amount is 30～600u/g dried starch, reacts 4～30 hours under 45～65 ℃ of temperature;
(3) drying gets product after the pulverizing.
Described starch material is a kind of in cassava, potato, sweet potato, corn, wheat, rice, the millet.
Described amylase is a kind of in AMS, carbohydrase, the Pullulanase or more than a kind of mixture.
In order to realize the present invention better, described (1) step can stir the starch that obtains after cooling in container, make subsequent reactions even; Described (2) step adds amylase when a kind of, preferably adds successively.Can improve the adsorbance of starch carrier like this.Described (3) step also can be dried to starch to a certain degree earlier at low temperatures, and is dry under higher temperature again, to save production time, also sprayable drying.
The quality and the adsorbance of the kind of raw material, product confrontation finished product will produce certain influence.The present invention adopts hydrothermal processes process acts starch before enzyme hydrolysis, compare with not adopting this technology, and enzyme brings up to 60～85% to the percent hydrolysis of starch from 35～50%, and every gram starch carrier is to water soluble vitamin V
B6Adsorbance bring up to 2.1～3.9mg from 1.6～2.8mg, oil absorption brings up to 75～92% from 70～86%.This is because hydrothermal processes changes the structure of starch inside; because the effect of heat energy; prop up starch and prop up the α-1 at crunode position; 6 bond fissions; molecule is degraded; little molecular amounts increases in the whole starch granules; its skeleton structure is destroyed; the part double-spiral structure ruptures; untwist; originally firmer crystalline texture is subjected to certain destruction; molecule is in very active state in the hydrothermal processes heating period in the starch granules, and chain starch and chain starch take place; a chain starch and a starch; prop up the reciprocation between a starch and the starch, form new crystalline solid; activated starch; changed the reactivity of starch, increased the sensitiveness to enzyme, hydrothermal processes raises the gelatinization point of starch.Before enzymatic hydrolysis starch, enzyme dosage is reduced by hydrothermal processes effect starch.
The present invention compared with prior art has following advantage and beneficial effect:
The one, selected raw material is extensive, not limit by the starch kind, can comprise potato class, cereal and beans or the like, has solved the present situation of unfrequented potato class in the prior art; The 2nd, the starch that adopted the hydrothermal processes activation processes before enzyme hydrolysis has improved starch gelatinization temperature, has increased the adsorbance of carrier, has reduced enzyme dosage, has reduced cost; The 3rd, this type of technology provides a kind of and changed the new approaches that feedstock property improves the carrier quality by physical method before enzyme hydrolysis, broken in the conventional method after the enzyme hydrolysis starch carrier again sex change to improve the thinking of adsorbance.The present invention has that production cost is low, efficient is high, the quality advantages of higher, has changed raw material and has selected restricted situation, and production process is pollution-free, has important social benefit and economic benefit.
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment, the present invention is done detailed description further.
The inventor has carried out in depth creative research and test to the present invention, and many successful embodiment are arranged, and enumerates six specific embodiments below.
Embodiment 1
It is 82% quality that first step water is regulated 100 gram farina concentration, is enclosed in the container, and reaction is 1 hour under 120 ℃ of temperature, and cool to room temperature stirs.
Second step joint starch concentration is 15% quality, and the pH value is 5.0, and temperature is 50 ℃, adds the α-amylase of 600u/g dried starch and the carbohydrase of 50u/g dried starch, reacts 4 hours.
The 3rd step is dry, after the pulverizing the white powder product, measurement result shows with respect to the starch carrier by the ative starch preparation, brings up to 60% by the starch carrier percent hydrolysis of hydrothermal processes starch preparation from 40%, every gram starch carrier is to water soluble vitamin V
B6Adsorbance from 1.6mg bring up to 2.1mg, oil absorption brings up to 75% from 70%.
Embodiment 2
It is 70% quality that first step water is regulated 100 gram tapioca concentration, is enclosed in the container, and reaction is 24 hours under 100 ℃ of temperature, cool to room temperature.
Second step joint starch concentration is 20% quality, and the pH value is 5.5, and temperature is 55 ℃, and the carbohydrase of the AMS of 450u/g dried starch and 30u/g dried starch reacted 30 hours.
The 3rd step is dry, after the pulverizing the white powder product, measurement result shows with respect to the starch carrier by the ative starch preparation, brings up to 85% by the starch carrier percent hydrolysis of hydrothermal processes starch preparation from 50%, every gram starch carrier is to water soluble vitamin V
B6Adsorbance from 1.8mg bring up to 3.1mg, oil absorption brings up to 92% from 80%.
Embodiment 3
It is 40% quality that first step water is regulated 100 gram cornstarch concentration, is enclosed in the container, and reaction is 10 hours under 60 ℃ of temperature, cool to room temperature.
Second step joint starch concentration is 50% quality, and the pH value is 5.5, and temperature is 60 ℃, adds the AMS of 500u/g dried starch, reacted 4 hours, and the enzyme that goes out, regulating the pH value is 6.0, temperature is 65 ℃, adds the carbohydrase of 40u/g dried starch, reacts 10 hours.
The 3rd step is dry, after the pulverizing the white powder product, measurement result shows with respect to the starch carrier by the ative starch preparation, brings up to 80% by the starch carrier percent hydrolysis of hydrothermal processes starch preparation from 55%, every gram starch carrier is to water soluble vitamin V
B6Adsorbance bring up to 3.9mg from 2.8mg, oil absorption brings up to 88% from 81%.
Embodiment 4
It is 80% quality that first step water is regulated 100 gram sweet potato starch concentration, is enclosed in the container, and reaction is 6 hours under 110 ℃ of temperature, at room temperature cooling.
Second step joint starch concentration is 30% quality, and the pH value is 6.5, and temperature is 60 ℃, adds the carbohydrase of 80u/g dried starch, reacted 5 hours, and the enzyme that goes out, regulating the pH value is 4.0, temperature is 45 ℃, adds the Pullulanase of 300u/g dried starch, reacts 15 hours.
The 3rd step is dry, after the pulverizing the white powder product, measurement result shows with respect to the starch carrier by the ative starch preparation, improves 71% by the starch carrier percent hydrolysis of hydrothermal processes starch preparation from 45%, every gram starch carrier is to water soluble vitamin V
B6Adsorbance bring up to 3.2mg from 2.1mg, oil absorption brings up to 90% from 83%.
Embodiment 5
It is 75% quality that first step water is regulated 100 gram wheaten starch concentration, is enclosed in the container, and reaction is 10 hours under 100 ℃ of temperature, cool to room temperature.
Second step joint starch concentration is 40% quality, and the pH value is 5.5, and temperature is 60 ℃, adds the AMS of 450u/g dried starch, reacts 10 hours.
The 3rd step is dry, after the pulverizing the white powder product, measurement result shows with respect to the starch carrier by the ative starch preparation, brings up to 62% by the starch carrier percent hydrolysis of hydrothermal processes starch preparation from 35%, every gram starch carrier is to water soluble vitamin V
B6Adsorbance bring up to 2.2mg from 1.7mg, oil absorption brings up to 85% from 78%.
Embodiment 6
It is 50% quality that first step water is regulated 100 gram rice starch concentration, is enclosed in the container, and reaction is 10 hours under 60 ℃ of temperature, cool to room temperature.
Second step joint starch concentration is 35% quality, and the pH value is 5.0, and temperature is 60 ℃, adds the carbohydrase of 100u/g dried starch, reacts 6 hours.
The 3rd step is dry, after the pulverizing the white powder product, measurement result shows with respect to the starch carrier by the ative starch preparation, brings up to 61% by the starch carrier percent hydrolysis of hydrothermal processes starch preparation from 37%, every gram starch carrier is to water soluble vitamin V
B6Adsorbance bring up to 2.9mg from 2.3mg, oil absorption brings up to 91% from 86%.
Claims (5)
1, a kind of preparation method of starch absorption carrier is characterized in that comprising the steps:
(1) mixing starch raw materials and water furnishing concentration is 40～82% quality, places closed container, handles 1～24 hour down at 60～120 ℃, is cooled to room temperature;
(2) water is made into the starch milk of 15～50% quality, regulates pH value to 4.0～6.5, adds amylase 30～600u/g dried starch, reacts 4～30 hours under 45～65 ℃ of temperature;
(3) drying is pulverized.
2, the preparation method of starch absorption carrier according to claim 1 is characterized in that described starch material is a kind of in cassava, potato, sweet potato, corn, wheat, rice, the millet.
3, the preparation method of starch absorption carrier according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that described amylase is a kind of in AMS, carbohydrase, the Pullulanase or more than a kind of mixture.
4, the preparation method of starch absorption carrier according to claim 3 is characterized in that described (1) step after cooling, stirs.
5, the preparation method of starch absorption carrier according to claim 4 is characterized in that described (2) step adds amylase when a kind of, adds successively.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB2005100326539A CN100496703C (en) | 2005-01-04 | 2005-01-04 | Method for preparing starch absorption carrier |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB2005100326539A CN100496703C (en) | 2005-01-04 | 2005-01-04 | Method for preparing starch absorption carrier |
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| CN1676211A CN1676211A (en) | 2005-10-05 |
| CN100496703C true CN100496703C (en) | 2009-06-10 |
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| CNB2005100326539A Expired - Fee Related CN100496703C (en) | 2005-01-04 | 2005-01-04 | Method for preparing starch absorption carrier |
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Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101279247B (en) * | 2008-01-07 | 2011-07-06 | 西北大学 | Use of starch in preparation of chromatographic separating medium |
| CN102964150B (en) * | 2012-11-22 | 2015-06-17 | 中国热带农业科学院环境与植物保护研究所 | Method for preparing microbial inoculum carrier from cassava residues |
| CN105852060B (en) * | 2016-04-14 | 2019-09-20 | 青岛农业大学 | A kind of starch-polyphenol composite nanometer particle and its preparation process |
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Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
|---|
| 甘薯微孔淀粉的制备技术及吸附性能的研究. 刘雄等.西南农业大学学报，第25卷第2期. 2003 |
| 甘薯微孔淀粉的制备技术及吸附性能的研究. 刘雄等.西南农业大学学报，第25卷第2期. 2003 * |
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