CN100496095C - Distributed data transmission based high-speed video camera system - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses a high speed camera system with distributed data transmission mode, which consists of lens, beam-splitting prism, CMOS image sensor, A/D conversion unit, controller, fiber optic transmission system, high speed memorizer and background processing system. The image light received by lens is divided into RGB tricolor by beam-splitting prism, every monochromatic light passes the CMOS image sensor and generates RAW monochromatic image data, the tricolor images are stored on memorizer via the separated high speed transmission system, the background processing system adopts the asynchronous processing mode to combine the tricolor images data by appropriate algorithm, and produces the high speed digital images according to user's requirement. In mega pixels level, the invention can reach the recording speed by 160 frames/s. The invention can improve the data transmission speed, which is suit for high speed shooting scene, especial suit for the high speed shooting scene with high quality and high resolution.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of high-speed camera technology, relate in particular to a kind of high-speed video camera system that adopts the distributed data transmission mode.
Background technology
High-speed camera is extensive application in fields such as scientific research, motion.Be the sharp weapon of research high speed incident.For example when doing the research of aspects such as material non-destructive testing, flow field, high-velocity deformation, vehicle impact testing, because Time To Event is short, the shooting speed of common camera can not reach the needs of research; In the motion field, for the action moment that obtains excellence, moving slow-motion replay, or for athletic training being write down the moment of its motion, high-speed camera is being brought into play irreplaceable effect.The main product capture rate of family expenses video camera is mostly in 30 frame/seconds on the market, and also only between 800,000 to 1,300,000 pixels, clearly the scene of reproducing recorded can not reach the requirement of high-speed camera to resolution.
The bottleneck of high-speed figure camcorder technology development is the consumption to memory space of the transmission rate restriction of data and mass data.Substantially can both reach in camera shutter speed under 1/3500 second the situation, the image of taking in the short time but wants the time of several times to transmit and handle often.Because the buffer memory of optical element transducer is limited, the number of image frames that can store is also less, has therefore limited video camera and has developed to high speed.Current high-speed video camera system adopts the multicore sheet mostly, raising speed such as delay exposure technology.Can improve shooting speed though shorten aperture time, on image data transmission, also have further improved possibility.
At present, the critical optical elements of video camera has CCD and two kinds of imageing sensors of CMOS.For CCD, can generate up to a million electric charges after up to a million pixel sensitization during its work, all electric charges all carry out voltage transition through one " amplifier ", form electronic signal, therefore, this " amplifier " just becomes " bottleneck " of a restriction image processing speed.CMOS is then different, each pixel all has an independent amplifier conversion output, therefore CMOS does not have " bottleneck " problem of CCD, can handle mass data at short notice, output high definition image, and cmos image sensor has advantages such as volume is little, in light weight, power consumption is little, integrated level is high, price is low, interface is convenient; Along with the cmos image sensor technology is ripe day by day, cmos image sensor being is is being caught up with and surpassed the market share of CCD, gradually wins user's favor.
Summary of the invention
For the transmission rate restriction that solves the high-speed video camera system data and mass data problem to the consumption of memory space, the objective of the invention is to by improvement the image data transmission mode, for this reason, the invention provides a kind of can guarantee picture quality, again can improve the image transmission speed, based on the high-speed video camera system of distributed data transmission.
According to the high-speed video camera system that the present invention is based on the distributed data transmission, comprise that camera lens, interface unit satisfy storage once more, online transmission, also comprise Amici prism, monochrome image sensor, (A/D) analog to digital converter, controller, high speed fibre transmission system, high speed SDRAM memory, background processing system, Amici prism makes image light be divided into RGB (RGB) three primary colors light by Amici prism behind camera lens between camera lens and monochrome image sensor; Three primary colors light acts on the input of monochrome image sensor respectively, and the input of monochrome image sensor links to each other with the control end of controller; Unify the control chart image-position sensor by controller, the optoelectronic information conversion is finished in imageing sensor sensitization; (A/D) input of analog to digital converter is connected with the input of output separated image transducer output and high speed fibre transmission system, the output of high speed fibre transmission system is connected with the input of high speed SDRAM memory, optoelectronic information generates monochromatic raw image data (RAW) and deposits in the high speed SDRAM memory, the output of high speed SDRAM memory links to each other with the input of background processing unit, and background processing unit is carried out combined treatment and exported the image that requires form the monochromatic raw image data that is stored in the high speed SDRAM memory.
Beneficial effect of the present invention: after the present invention mainly forms the three primary colors view data by the beam split to image light, each monochromatic raw image data RAW transmits respectively, promptly adopt the distributed type high speed data transmission system, storage reaches and not only guarantees picture quality but also improve image to spread out of the speed bottle-neck problem respectively, can improve the transmission speed of existing cmos image sensor largely.
The present invention adopts imageing sensor, is the important way that improves the video camera picture rate by the improvement to the image data transmission mode.The present invention is divided into three kinds of monochromatic RAW data of RGB to the monochromatic raw image data of RAW, adopts the distributed transmission mode then, uses three tunnel transmission channels respectively these three kinds monochromatic RAW data to be transmitted and storage.The volume of transmitted data of every road transmission channel is 1/3rd of all images data, has improved the overall data transmittability.
The distributed data transmission mode that the present invention adopts the three primary colors view data to transmit respectively, each transmission channel is only transmitted the view data of a color, compares with synthesizing back overall transfer mode earlier, has reduced the transmission data pressure of each transmission channel.Imageing sensor of the present invention exposes simultaneously, utilizes controller to adjust the time for exposure and has adjusted capture rate.This mode has strengthened video camera, has improved the ability of transmit image data, and then can improve camera speed and shooting quality, thereby has realized the high-speed camera function.Particularly in the mega pixel rank, the present invention can reach the writing speed of 160 frame/seconds, is existing more than 5 times of camera system records speed.The high-speed video camera system that arrives involved in the present invention has improved message transmission rate, is applicable to the high-speed camera occasion, is particularly suitable for high-quality, high-resolution high-speed camera occasion.
Description of drawings
By the detailed description below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, above-mentioned and others, feature and advantage of the present invention will become more apparent.In the accompanying drawing:
Fig. 1 is the high-speed video camera system general structure schematic diagram that the present invention is based on the distributed data transmission.
Fig. 2 the present invention is based on Amici prism schematic diagram in the high-speed video camera system of distributed data transmission.
Fig. 3 the present invention is based on that monochromatic RAW original image forms schematic diagram in the high-speed video camera system of distributed data transmission
Fig. 4 is that the high-speed video camera system three primary colors image that the present invention is based on the distributed data transmission transmits storage area respectively.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing the present invention is specified.Be noted that described embodiment only is considered as illustrative purposes, rather than limitation of the present invention.
Fig. 1 is the high-speed video camera system general structure schematic diagram that the present invention is based on the distributed data transmission.
Controller 4 adopts peripheral exposure control unit and interface switching device, adopt the Lai Disi LatticeSC of semiconductor company System on Chip/SoC FPGA series LFSC15, it has 8 SERDE numbers of channel, and rapid rate can reach 3.4Gbps, is made into the interface circuit of electrical interface 2.5Gbps; RGB three primary colors independent transmission passage adopts supports 2.488Gb/s OC-48/STM-16 electrooptical device;
High speed fibre transmission system 5 is formed the fiber optic transmission system that transmittability reaches 2G;
High speed SDRAM memory 6 adopts three high speed SDRAM memories respectively, and storage speed reaches 2Gbps.
The 12bit500Msps AT84AS001 that A/D analog to digital converter 9 adopts Atemel company to make;
Amici prism 2 of the present invention makes image light be divided into RGB three primary colors light by Amici prism 2 behind camera lens 1 between camera lens 1 and monochrome image sensor 3; Three primary colors light acts on the input of monochrome image sensor 3 respectively, and the input of monochrome image sensor 3 links to each other with the control end of controller 4; By controller 4 unified control chart image-position sensors 3, the optoelectronic information conversion is finished in imageing sensor 3 sensitization; The input of A/D analog to digital converter 9 is connected with the output of high speed fibre transmission system 5, the output of A/D analog to digital converter 9 is connected with the input of high speed SDRAM memory 6, imageing sensor 3 outputs are connected with the input of high speed fibre transmission system 5,5 outputs of high speed fibre transmission system are connected with 6 inputs of high speed SDRAM memory, optoelectronic information generates the monochromatic raw image data of RAW and deposits in the high speed SDRAM memory 6,6 outputs of high speed SDRAM memory link to each other with the input of background processing unit 7, and the monochromatic raw image data of RAW that 7 pairs of background processing unit are stored in the high speed SDRAM memory 6 carries out combined treatment and exports the image that requires form.
Described high-speed video camera system adopts the distributed data transmission mode, adopts three monochrome image sensors 3 to receive RGB three primary colors view data, and each transmission channel is only transmitted the view data of a color, transmission storage respectively.
The image sensor array that described monochrome image sensor 3 adopts the blue cmos image sensor of the red cmos image sensor of sense, the green cmos image sensor of sense and sense to form forms monochromatic RAW image.
Described monochromatic RAW initial data image, every monochromatic 12bit storage of adopting, every pixel adopts RGB three primary colors combination expression, and each pixel is represented by 36bit.
Described three picture group image-position sensors 3 are adjusted capture rate by 4 control opening times of controller and exposure simultaneously by adjusting the time for exposure.
The initial data RAW image of described RGB three primary colors COMS sensitization transmits respectively and stores memory 6 among the high speed SDRAM into, background processing unit 7 is reads image data from high speed SDRAM memory 6, adopt the asynchronous process pattern three primary colors image data to be made up restored image.
Described three primary colors image distribution formula transmission storage is finished by A/D analog to digital converter 9, fiber optic transmission system 5, high speed SDRAM memory 6.
System under the full frame condition of work, 480000 pixels of piece image, each pixel is with the storage of 3 * 12bit size RAW form, corresponding RGB monochrome image information, each pixel storage size is 12bit, and then the piece image size is 16.48Mb, RGB monochrome image size 5.49Mbit.12bit500Msps ADC sampling per second maximum can be gathered pixel 500M, about 1041 width of cloth of images acquired.Transmission unit is observed the OC-48/STM-16 standard, and transmission rate is about 2Gbps, and then system can reach the above speed of 300fps, and ADC is in normal range of operation; Owing to the three primary colors RAW formatted data of directly storing, at utmost preserve image information simultaneously, had higher quality.
Still adopt above-mentioned transmission system, when using more high-resolution cmos image sensor, for example adopt 1,000,000 pixel scale, can reach the speed of 160fps.Even under the condition of 4,000,000 pixels, also can reach the shooting speed of 40fps, improved more than 10 times than in the market digital vedio recording motor speed.
Composition and function declaration based on the high-speed video camera system of distributed data transmission are as follows:
(1) the main effect of Amici prism 2 is that light is divided into the monochromatic light of RGB to available light by the refraction reflection in prism.Three primary colors light acts on corresponding CMOS photosensitive array respectively afterwards, after the A/D conversion, forms monochromatic RAW original image.Directly preserve RAW image, the information of having preserved image to the full extent.Simultaneously image is divided into RGB three primary colors image and has reduced the image size, reduced every circuit-switched data transmission channel and wanted data quantity transmitted, reduced the pressure of transfer of data.
(2) the three primary colors image transmits storage area respectively, comprises A/D converter, fiber optic transmission system, high-speed memory.A/D converter is behind cmos image sensor, and main effect is the signal of telecommunication that cmos image sensor sensitization is formed, and changes into digital signal and transmits and store, after A/D converter, by the interface adapter that FPGA makes, carries out the interface conversion of necessity.After interface adapter, transmit by fiber optic transmission system.At last, as storage medium, view data is stored the requirement of reply mass data storage with high-speed high capacity SDRAM.Interface adaptation controller part control data high speed storing and background processing system are to data write operation among the SDRAM.
(3) background processing system 7.Background processing system is mainly served as by PC.Transmit accordingly with the three primary colors image, storage system is connected.Main task is to read the RGB three primary colors RAW original image that stores among the SDRAM on the backstage according to customer requirements, adopts suitable algorithm to splice, and is converted into the needed picture format of user simultaneously.The image restoring process has two kinds of patterns available, handles in real time taking simultaneously, or takes and handle after finishing again.
(4) various interface 8 parts.The various interface of background processing unit (PC) is as USB interface, network interface etc.To satisfy task needs such as storage, online transmission once more.
As Fig. 1 is the system global structure schematic diagram, and image light is divided into RGB three primary colors light by Amici prism 2 behind camera lens 1.The RGB three primary colors light of image acts on corresponding monochromatic cmos image sensor 3 respectively, i.e. the red cmos image sensor of corresponding respectively sense, the green cmos image sensor of sense and the blue cmos image sensor of sense.Cmos image sensor is by 4 unified control, the exposures simultaneously of cmos image sensor controller.After opto-electronic conversion is finished in monochromatic cmos image sensor 3 sensitization,, generate the monochromatic raw image data of RAW through 9 samplings of A/D analog to digital converter.Monochromatic raw image data is respectively through 5 transmission of high speed fibre transmission system.At last, be stored in respectively in the corresponding separately high speed SDRAM memory 6.According to user's needs, through certain algorithm background processing unit 7 (generally serving as) the original RAW monochromatic image data that is stored in the high speed SDRAM memory 6 is carried out combined treatment by PC, output requires the image of form.Simultaneously, system has variety of interface units 8, as USB interface, network interface etc.To satisfy task needs such as storage, online transmission once more.
Fig. 2 is the Amici prism schematic diagram.Amici prism 2 embodiment comprise: right-angle prism and polygon prism are formed.
The original light of image shines Amici prism 2 by behind the camera lens 1.Light is divided into the RGB three primary colors to the original light of image through reflection, refraction in Amici prism 2, act on monochromatic cmos image sensor 3 respectively, promptly feel the blue cmos image sensor of red cmos image sensor, the green cmos image sensor of sense and sense, light signal is transformed into the signal of telecommunication.
Fig. 3 is that monochromatic RAW original image forms schematic diagram.After image light was divided into the RGB three primary colors through Amici prism 2, monochromatic light acted on corresponding monochromatic cmos image sensor 3.Three monochromatic cmos image sensors 3 are by 4 unified control, the exposures simultaneously of cmos image sensor controller.Be transformed into the signal of telecommunication at cmos image sensor 3 light signals, behind the signal of telecommunication process A/D analog to digital converter 9, form digital monochromatic original image RAW data 10.
Fig. 4 is that the three primary colors image transmits storage area respectively.Image light is through after the Amici prism 2, and the image RGB three coloured light lines 11 of formation act on corresponding separately monochromatic cmos image sensor 3, through forming monochromatic raw image data 10 after 9 conversions of A/D analog to digital converter.By the interface adapter 12 that FPGA makes, carry out necessary interface and transform that to finish A/D analog to digital converter 9 adaptive with the interface of high speed fibre transmission system 5.Connect high speed fibre transmission system 5 in interface adapter 12 backs, it is adaptive that connecting interface adaptation controller 13 is finished the interface of light delivery system and high speed SDRAM memory 6 after the high speed fibre transmission system 5, and data write operation among control data high speed storing and 7 couples of SDRAM of background processing system.Interface adapter 12, high speed fibre transmission system 5 and interface adaptation controller 13 have constituted RGB monochromatic image data high speed transmission system together.
Describing above is to be used to realize the present invention and embodiment, and those of ordinary skills can determine multiple implementation according to actual conditions, and therefore, scope of the present invention should not described by this and limit.It should be appreciated by those skilled in the art,, all belong to claim of the present invention and come restricted portion in any modification or partial replacement that does not depart from the scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. high-speed video camera system based on distributed data transmission, comprise camera lens, satisfy storage once more or the online interface unit that transmits, it is characterized in that: also comprise Amici prism, monochrome image sensor, controller, high speed fibre transmission system, high speed SDRAM memory, background processing unit and analog to digital converter, Amici prism makes image light be divided into red green blue tricolor light by Amici prism behind camera lens between camera lens and monochrome image sensor; Adopt three CMOS monochrome image sensors to receive the red green blue tricolor view data, red green blue tricolor light acts on the input of monochrome image sensor respectively, the input of monochrome image sensor links to each other with the control end of controller, the initial data image of monochromatic sensitization transmits respectively, storage respectively, and each transmission channel is only transmitted the view data of a color; By the unified control of controller monochrome image sensor, the optoelectronic information conversion is finished in monochrome image sensor sensitization; The input of analog to digital converter is connected with the input of monochrome image sensor output with the high speed fibre transmission system respectively with output, high speed fibre transmission system output is connected with high speed SDRAM memory input, optoelectronic information is generated monochromatic raw image data to be deposited in the high speed SDRAM memory, high speed SDRAM memory output links to each other with the input of background processing unit, and background processing unit is carried out combined treatment and exported the image that requires form the monochromatic raw image data that is stored in the high speed SDRAM memory.
2. the high-speed video camera system based on the distributed data transmission according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described three CMOS monochrome image sensors comprise the blue cmos image sensor of the red cmos image sensor of sense, the green cmos image sensor of sense and sense, these three kinds of cmos image sensors are formed image sensor array, form the initial data image of monochromatic CMOS sensitization.
3. the high-speed video camera system based on the distributed data transmission according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the initial data image of the monochromatic CMOS sensitization of described three CMOS monochrome image sensors, every monochromatic 12 bit storage that adopt, every pixel adopts red green blue tricolor combination expression, and each pixel is represented by 36 bits.
4. the high-speed video camera system based on the distributed data transmission according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described three CMOS monochrome image sensors are adjusted capture rate by controller control opening time and exposure simultaneously by adjusting the time for exposure.
5. the high-speed video camera system based on the distributed data transmission according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the red green blue tricolor RAW image of described three CMOS monochrome image sensors transmits respectively and stores in three high speed SDRAM memories, background processing unit is reads image data from high speed SDRAM memory, adopt the asynchronous process pattern three primary colors image data to be made up restored image.
6. the high-speed video camera system based on the distributed data transmission according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described analog to digital converter, high speed fibre transmission system, high speed SDRAM memory are finished three primary colors image distribution formula transmission storage.
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