CN100491044C - Large caliber aluminium alloy pipeline non-pad tungsten electrode argon arc single face welding and double face shaping method - Google Patents
Large caliber aluminium alloy pipeline non-pad tungsten electrode argon arc single face welding and double face shaping method Download PDFInfo
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- CN100491044C CN100491044C CNB2007101585120A CN200710158512A CN100491044C CN 100491044 C CN100491044 C CN 100491044C CN B2007101585120 A CNB2007101585120 A CN B2007101585120A CN 200710158512 A CN200710158512 A CN 200710158512A CN 100491044 C CN100491044 C CN 100491044C
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for large-calibre aluminium-alloy pipeline no-liner tungsten electrode argon arc one-side welding both-side formation, comprising the following steps of: assembling of groove angle and clearance, grinding of tungsten electrode, cleaning before welding, adjusting welding process parameters, tack welding, and welding of a bottom coating, a filling layer and a covering layer. The pipe is horizontally fixed and the position is marked by hour; the welding sequence is left half-ring and right half-ring; each half-ring comprises overhead welding, vertical position welding and downhand welding; the welding is started at a position where L is equal to 5-10mm close to six of the overhead welding; the vertical position welding is then carried out; finally, the front half-ring is ended at 12 of the downhand welding; before the rear half-ring starts welding, the connection is grinded as a slope; the welding seam formed by the connection and the front half-ring welding position is overlapped by 3-5mm; the welding of the rear half-ring is started from 6 of the overhead welding and ended at 12 of the downhand welding through the vertical position welding; the welding is carried out by a continuous feeding method. The surface of the welding seam of the method has no pores or cracks, is completely welded and beautiful, and has good internal and external forming; by the non-destructive testing, the first-time qualification rate achieves 100%, the welding seam achieves the class-1 quality, the construction procedures are reduced, and the construction cost is reduced.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the welding method of metal material, especially a kind of tungsten argon arc welding method that is used for large caliber aluminium alloy pipeline.
Background technology
In the system oxygen of petrochemical industry, system nitrogen, synthetic ammonia engineering and thermal power plant large-sized station boiler installing engineering, the welding of aluminium alloy pipeline is one of key technology.Traditional welding technique has two kinds, the one, at the inner liner that increases of large caliber aluminium alloy pipeline, look the caliber size, liner is divided into 3～4 five equilibriums, pad centers is opened a U type groove, again liner is destroyed taking-up after having welded, and when high-altitude long-distance pipe assembly welding was installed, then liner can't take out.The 2nd, do not take out liner, pad centers is not slotted, integral body is placed in tube interior, the pipe group to the time, the counterpart gap is enlarged into 8～10mm.More than two kinds of conventional methods just reduced the welding difficulty, though the groove front becomes weld seam, but because the existence of back side liner, can't form weld seam, surplus part because of liner is not welded as a whole with pipe again, the interlayer that produces has influenced pipeline service life, not only waste material but also increased the resistance of fluid.
Summary of the invention
Problem to be solved by this invention provides a kind of large caliber aluminium alloy pipeline tungsten argon arc single face welding and double face shaping method that can cancel the pipe inner liner, so that reduce working procedure, reduces welding cost, improves weldquality.
A kind of large caliber aluminium alloy pipeline non-pad tungsten electrode argon arc single face welding and double face shaping method of the present invention comprises: bevel angle, dwell set are right; The tungsten electrode polishing; Preweld cleaning; Welding condition is adjusted; Tack welding; The welding of prime coat, packed layer, capping layer.Welding condition is adjusted into: duct thickness 〉=8mm, layer 3～6, tungsten electrode diameter 4～5mm, welding current 225～325A, gage of wire Φ 3.2～4mm, argon flow amount 14～19L/min, nozzle specification Φ 13～15mm, AC bias ratio-4%～-9%, cleaning ratio-15%～-19%, a-c cycle 87～91Hz, prolong 80～150 ℃ of gas time 0.1～0.4S, striking current 18～22A, die-away time 0.1～0.4S, preheat temperatures.The horizontal fixed pipe adopts the hour number mark position, and welding sequence is divided left and right sides half-turn, and every half-turn includes overhead welding, vertical position welding and downhand welding, and rise and welds at 5～10mm place near 6 o'clock of overhead welding, through vertical position welding, and final half-turn to 12 end of downhand welding; Back half-turn is worn into the slope with the joint before beginning welding, and joint and preceding half-turn weld the overlapping 3～5mm of formed weld seam, has located weldering by 6 of overhead welding, through vertical position welding, finally to 12 end of downhand welding, adopts continuous wire feed method welding.
The present invention presses JB/T4730.2-2005 " bearing device Non-Destructive Testing " standard-required, and pipe carries out visual examination and 100%RT radiographic inspection.Visual examination: face of weld pore-free, flawless, no lack of penetration, the undercut degree of depth≤0.5mm, undercut length 0～15mm, weld seam is attractive in appearance, and inside and outside moulding is good.X-ray inspection, first-time qualification rate 100%, weld seam all are I level sheet.In addition, owing to cancelled the pipe inner liner, working procedures such as the plasma cutting that reducing adds the cushions needs, polishing, processing, installation, taking-up reduce engineering cost, thereby have realized the large caliber aluminium alloy pipeline linerless single-sided welding double-sided molding.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 linerless groove gap schematic diagram;
Fig. 2 tack welding schematic diagram;
Fig. 3 welding gun and welding wire change schematic diagram.
The specific embodiment
A kind of large caliber aluminium alloy pipeline non-pad tungsten electrode argon arc single face welding and double face shaping method of the present invention comprises: bevel angle, dwell set are right; The tungsten electrode polishing; Preweld cleaning; Welding condition is adjusted; Tack welding; The welding of prime coat, packed layer, capping layer.The horizontal fixed pipe adopts the hour number mark position, and welding sequence is divided left and right sides half-turn, and every half-turn includes overhead welding, vertical position welding and downhand welding, and rise and welds at 5～10mm place near 6 o'clock of overhead welding, through vertical position welding, and final half-turn to 12 end of downhand welding; Back half-turn is worn into the slope with the joint before beginning welding, and joint and preceding half-turn weld the overlapping 3～5mm of formed weld seam, has located weldering by 6 of overhead welding, through vertical position welding, finally to 12 end of downhand welding, adopts continuous wire feed method welding.
1. prepare before the weldering
During the aluminium alloy pipeline welding, require preceding strict greasy dirt and the oxide-film in the inside and outside 30mm scope in groove place in the pipeline of removing of weldering.
1.1 Chemical cleaning (seeing Table 1)
Table 1 Chemical cleaning condition
1.2 mechanical chipping
Adopt acetone to clean tube-surface, use the stainless steel brushing then, brush and expose till the metallic luster; Also can adopt the method for scraper cleaning groove and internal and external walls in addition.
1.3 welding equipment
Employing can realize alternating-current pulse argon arc welding, the output current welding machine between 500～630A.
1.4 welding material
Welding wire: select welding wire for use with the identical material of aluminium alloy pipeline material.
The tungsten electrode trade mark is WCe-20 ф 4～ф 5mm
1.5 tungsten electrode polishing
During the ac tungsten inert gases welding welding aluminum alloy, should be spherical shape during the tungsten electrode polishing.
1.6 welding condition adjustment
The welding condition adjustment sees Table 2
Table 2 large caliber aluminium alloy pipeline (Φ 219～Φ 1070mm) welding condition
| Duct thickness (mm) | Layer | Tungsten electrode diameter mm | Welding current A | Gage of wire mm | Argon flow amount L/min | Nozzle specification mm | AC bias ratio % | Cleaning ratio % | A-c cycle HZ | Prolong gas time S | Striking current A | Die-away time S | Preheat temperature ℃ |
| 8～10 | ? 3 | Φ4 | 225～ 245 | 3.2 | 14～ 16 | 13～ 14 | -4～ -6 | -15～ -17 | 87～ 89 | 0.1～ 0.2 | 20～ 22 | 0.1～ 0.2 | 80～ 100? |
| 11～12 | ? 4 | Φ4 | 245～ 260 | ? 4 | 17～ 18 | 14～ 15 | -7～ -8 | -16～ -18 | 88～ 90 | 0.2～ 0.3 | 19～ 21 | 0.2～ 0.3 | 100～ 120 |
| 13～15 | ? 5 | Φ5 | 295～ 320 | ? 4 | 17～ 18 | 14～ 15 | -7～ -8 | -16～ -18 | 88～ 90 | 0.2～ 0.3 | 19～ 21 | 0.2～ 0.3 | 100～ 120 |
| ≥16 | ? 6 | Φ5 | 300～ 325 | ? 4 | 17～ 19 | 14～ 15 | -8～ -9 | -17～ -19 | 89～ 91 | 0.2～ 0.4 | 18～ 20 | 0.3～ 0.4 | 100～ 150 |
2. groove, dwell set be to (see figure 1), adopts machining process, and the aluminium alloy pipeline single-sided process is become α=32.5 °, and organizing right gap is b=2.5～3mm.
3. tack welding
4. prime coat welding
Prime coat (be ground floor, also cry the gap) welding is adopted the hour number mark position by the horizontal fixed pipe, divides left and right sides half-turn, and every half-turn includes overhead welding, vertical position welding and downhand welding (see figure 3).Weld right half-turn earlier, weldering left half-turn in back plays weldering at 6 L=5～10mm place that welded in the overhead position, through vertical position welding 3 points, finally to 12 right half-turns of end of downhand welding; Before left side half-turn begins welding, the slope is worn in the joint, joint and preceding half-turn weld the overlapping 3～5mm of formed weld seam, have located weldering by 6 of overhead welding, through vertical position welding 9 points, finally to 12 end of downhand welding, adopt continuous wire feed method welding.In addition, also can weld left half-turn earlier, the right half-turn of back weldering.
Welding gun and pipe tangent line angle α
1=84 °～86 °, the angle [alpha] of welding wire and welding gun
2=87 °～90 °, tungsten electrode extension elongation 3～4mm.
Overhead welding position electric arc stopped for 5～8 seconds after L=5～10mm ignites near 6 o'clock slightly at the groove place, wire feed immediately when treating that mother metal is molten state, and welding wire is in the groove gap center, and tungsten electrode termination and workpiece inner wall surface be 3～4mm apart.
The vertical position welding position is divided into gentle slope vertical position welding down, vertical vertical position welding, goes up the gentle slope vertical position welding, and along with the variation of pipe radian, arm lifts gradually during welding, welding gun and pipe tangent line angle α
1=84 °～86 °, the angle [alpha] of welding wire and welding gun
2=87 °～90 °.
After the downhand welding position formed the molten bath, if the surface is spill, then through welding is convex, and was then lack of penetration, should continue to heat, and when the molten bath has the tendency of sinking slightly, doses welding wire immediately, should keep arc length constant in the welding process, prevents to produce overlap.
The prime coat welding condition sees the layer 1 in specific embodiment table 3, table 4, the table 5 for details.
5. packed layer welding
The torch swinging mode adopts crescent, and welding current is 230～325A, and speed of welding is 60～65mm/min, drips at the weld seam center and send welding wire, and packed layer thickness is lower than groove 1～2mm.
The packed layer welding condition sees the layer 2 in the specific embodiment table 3 for details, the layer 2,3,4 in the table 4, the layer 2,3 in the table 5.
6. the welding of capping layer
Speed of welding is 60～70mm/min, and welding current is 225～310A, and the torch swinging mode adopts crescent, and the groove both sides stopped 1～2 second slightly, and glancing off in the centre, can not cause undercut like this.
Capping layer welding condition sees the layer 3 in the specific embodiment table 3 for details, the layer 5 in the table 4, and the layer 4 of table 5, during torch swinging, the groove both sides stopped 1～2 second slightly, and glance off in the centre.
Table 3 Φ 219 * 10 al-mg alloy pipe horizontal fixed welders parameter of planting
| Layer | Tungsten electrode diameter mm | Welding current A | Gage of wire mm | Argon flow amount L/min | Nozzle specification mm | AC bias ratio % | Cleaning ratio % | A-c cycle HZ | Prolong gas time S | Striking current A | Die-away time S | Preheat temperature ℃ |
| 1 | Φ4.0 | 240-245 | Φ3.2 | 15 | Φ60x13 | -5 | -16 | 88 | 0.1 | 22 | 0.1 | 80～100 |
| 2 | Φ4.0 | 230-235 | Φ3.2 | 15 | Φ60x13 | -5 | -16 | 88 | 0.1 | 22 | 0.1 | |
| 3 | Φ4.0 | 225-230 | Φ3.2 | 15 | Φ60x13 | -5 | -16 | 88 | 0.1 | 22 | 0.1 |
Table 4 Φ 630 * 16 al-mg alloy pipe horizontal fixed welders parameter of planting
| Layer | Tungsten electrode diameter mm | Welding current A | Gage of wire mm | Argon flow amount L/min | Nozzle specification mm | AC bias ratio % | Cleaning ratio % | A-c cycle HZ | Prolong gas time S | Striking current A | Die-away time S | Preheat temperature ℃ |
| ? 1 | Φ5.0 | 310-320 | Φ4.0 | 17 | Φ60x14 | -8 | -17 | 90 | 0.2 | 20 | 0.3 | 100～ 150 |
| 2 | Φ5.0 | 300-310 | Φ4.0 | 17 | Φ60x14 | -8 | -17 | 90 | 0.2 | 20 | 0.3 | |
| 3 | Φ5.0 | 300-310 | Φ4.0 | 17 | Φ60x14 | -8 | -17 | 90 | 0.2 | 20 | 0.3 | |
| 4 | Φ5.0 | 315-325 | Φ4.0 | 17 | Φ60x14 | -8 | -17 | 90 | 0.2 | 20 | 0.3 | |
| 5 | Φ5.0 | 300-310 | Φ4.0 | 17 | Φ60x14 | -8 | -17 | 90 | 0.2 | 20 | 0.3 |
Table 5 Φ 1070 * 12 al-mg alloy pipe horizontal fixed welders parameter of planting
| Layer | Tungsten electrode diameter mm | Welding current A | Gage of wire mm | Argon flow amount L/min | Nozzle specification mm | AC bias ratio % | Cleaning ratio % | A-c cycle HZ | Prolong gas time S | Striking current A | Die-away time S | Preheat temperature ℃ |
| ? 1 | Φ4.0 | 260-255 | Φ4.0 | 17 | Φ60x14 | -7 | -17 | 89 | 0.2 | 21 | 0.2 | 100～ 120 |
| 2 | Φ4.0 | 255-250 | Φ4.0 | 17 | Φ60x14 | -7 | -17 | 89 | 0.2 | 21 | 0.2 | |
| 3 | Φ4.0 | 255-250 | Φ4.0 | 17 | Φ60x14 | -7 | -17 | 89 | 0.2 | 21 | 0.2 | |
| 4 | Φ4.0 | 250-245 | Φ4.0 | 17 | Φ60x14 | -7 | -17 | 89 | 0.2 | 21 | 0.2 |
Claims (10)
1. large caliber aluminium alloy pipeline non-pad tungsten electrode argon arc single face welding and double face shaping method comprises: bevel angle, dwell set are right; The tungsten electrode polishing; Preweld cleaning; Welding condition is adjusted; Tack welding; The welding of prime coat, packed layer, capping layer; It is characterized in that welding condition is adjusted into: duct thickness 〉=8mm, layer 3～6, tungsten electrode diameter 4～5mm, welding current 225～325A, gage of wire
3.2～4mm, argon flow amount 14～19L/min, nozzle specification
13～15mm, AC bias ratio-4%～-9%, cleaning ratio-15%～-19%, a-c cycle 87～91Hz, prolong 80～150 ℃ of gas time 0.1～0.4S, striking current 18～22A, die-away time 0.1～0.4S, preheat temperatures; The horizontal fixed pipe adopts the hour number mark position, and welding sequence is divided left and right sides half-turn, and every half-turn includes overhead welding, vertical position welding and downhand welding, and rise and welds at 5～10mm place near 6 o'clock of overhead welding, through vertical position welding, and final half-turn to 12 end of downhand welding; Back half-turn is worn into the slope with the joint before beginning welding, and joint and preceding half-turn weld the overlapping 3～5mm of formed weld seam, has located weldering by 6 of overhead welding, through vertical position welding, finally to 12 end of downhand welding, adopts continuous wire feed method welding.
2. large caliber aluminium alloy pipeline non-pad tungsten electrode argon arc single face welding and double face shaping method according to claim 1 is characterized in that the aluminium alloy pipeline single groove is α=30～35 °, and the gap is b=2.5～3mm.
3. large caliber aluminium alloy pipeline non-pad tungsten electrode argon arc single face welding and double face shaping method according to claim 1 is characterized in that the tungsten electrode polishing is spherical.
4. large caliber aluminium alloy pipeline non-pad tungsten electrode argon arc single face welding and double face shaping method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that tack welding adopts tack welding 3 points, put solid 2 points earlier, length≤30mm, thickness is 1/3rd of wall thickness, and another point plays solder joint for striking.
5. large caliber aluminium alloy pipeline non-pad tungsten electrode argon arc single face welding and double face shaping method according to claim 1 is characterized in that prime coat welding gun and pipe tangent line angle are α
1=84 °～86 °, the angle of welding wire and welding gun is α
2=87 °～90 °, the tungsten electrode extension elongation is 3～4mm.
6. large caliber aluminium alloy pipeline non-pad tungsten electrode argon arc single face welding and double face shaping method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that prime coat overhead welding position electric arc is after L=5～10mm ignites near 6 o'clock, stopped for 5～8 seconds slightly at the groove place, wire feed immediately when treating that mother metal is molten state, welding wire is in the groove gap center, and tungsten electrode termination and workpiece inner wall surface are at a distance of 3～4mm.
7. large caliber aluminium alloy pipeline non-pad tungsten electrode argon arc single face welding and double face shaping method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that prime coat vertical position welding position is divided into gentle slope vertical position welding down, vertical vertical position welding, goes up the gentle slope vertical position welding, along with the variation of pipe radian, arm lifts gradually during welding.
8. large caliber aluminium alloy pipeline non-pad tungsten electrode argon arc single face welding and double face shaping method according to claim 1, after it is characterized in that prime coat downhand welding position forms the molten bath, if the surface is spill, then through welding is convex, and is then lack of penetration, should continue to heat, when the molten bath has the tendency of sinking slightly, dose welding wire immediately, should keep arc length constant in the welding process.
9. large caliber aluminium alloy pipeline non-pad tungsten electrode argon arc single face welding and double face shaping method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that packed layer, the torch swinging mode adopts crescent, welding current is 230～325A, speed of welding is 60～65mm/min, drip at the weld seam center and to send welding wire, packed layer thickness is lower than groove 1～2mm.
10. large caliber aluminium alloy pipeline non-pad tungsten electrode argon arc single face welding and double face shaping method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that the capping layer, speed of welding is 60～70mm/min, welding current is 225～310A, the torch swinging mode adopts crescent, the groove both sides stopped 1～2 second slightly, glanced off in the centre.
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